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Nathan Goodyear

Therapeutic Testosterone Administration Preserves Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in t... - 0 views

www.jneurosci.org/...12312.long

Testosterone polyneuropathy MS multiple Sclerosis Estriol hormones autoimmune disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • direct androgen receptor activation is not a mutually exclusive requirement of testosterone-mediated neuroprotection.
  • Testosterone treatment after EAE induction restores synaptic transmission and corresponding synaptic protein levels within the hippocampus during EAE
  • A growing body of evidence suggests that testosterone enhances hippocampal synaptogenesis
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • This study demonstrates that testosterone treatment either before or after EAE disease induction partially restores deficits in synaptic transmission, preserves presynaptic and postsynaptic integrity, and prevents hippocampal pathology.
  • treatment with a pregnancy estrogen, estriol, can prevent deficits in excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus during EAE
  • testosterone is important to the maintenance of normal synaptic spine density in the hippocampus
  • estriol treatment was also capable of preserving levels of synaptic proteins that are known to orchestrate functional synaptic transmission within the hippocampus.
  • Estriol is a therapeutic candidate in MS because it has widespread effects on the immune system and the CNS
  • MS patients have significantly decreased relapse rates during the third trimester of pregnancy, when estriol levels are most elevated, and relapse rates rebound during the postpartum period coinciding with an abrupt decline in serum estriol levels
  • In nonpregnant MS patients, estriol treatment has been shown to significantly reduce gadolinium-enhancing lesion number and volumes measured by MRI
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 15
     
    Testosterone restores/preserves nerve synapsis within the hippocampus in autoimmune demyelinating disease.  Testosterone appears to have neuroprotection.  The authors conclude that the majority of the protective effect was through aromatase activity.
Nathan Goodyear

Dehydroepiandrosterone Modulates Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Hippocampus ... - 0 views

endo.endojournals.org/...3250.long

DHEA DHEA-S diabetic rats NF-KappaB inflammation hippocampus brain

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 12
     
    Fascinating article: DHEA found to decrease NF-KappaB activity in the hippocampus region of the brain.  This has implications in protecting the brain.  In this study, the implication was reduction in inflammation in the hippocampus region in diabetic rat model.
Nathan Goodyear

A high-fat, refined sugar diet reduces hippocam... [Neuroscience. 2002] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12088740

diet nutrition BDNF sugar saturated fat neurplasticity hippocampus memory

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13
     
    High saturated fat and sugar diet causes reduced BDNF in the hippocampus.  This is an animal model.  The effect was a reduction in spacial learning.    Dietary choice can effect the neuroplasticity and learning capacity of the hippocampus.
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus: complexity of ste... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC1778460

estrogen estradiol BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor brain hippocampus

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Mar 15
     
    Estrogen effects in the hippocampus with BDNF (surprise, surprise) appear to have different effects between the sexes.
Nathan Goodyear

ScienceDirect.com - Physiology & Behavior - The effects of a high-energy diet on hippoc... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0031938412002028

obesity overweight hippocampus brain diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 12
     
    We have known that diet and brain inflammation were linked.  This study shows a link between, what they call High energy diet (better known as  high calorie, high fat, high carb...), and altered hippocampus brain function.
Nathan Goodyear

Distribution and Posttranslational Modification of Synaptic ERα in the Adult ... - 1 views

endo.endojournals.org/...819.full

estrogen receptors estrogen receptor receptors ER alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Feb 13
     
    estrogen receptors are transported to the cell membrane after production in the rat hippocampus.  The membrane receptors have the same origin as the intracellular receptors.
Nathan Goodyear

A blunted cortisol awakening response and hippocampal atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2774914

PTSD type II DM diabetes cortisol saliva salivary hormone hormones testing test evaluation hippocampus memory

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12
     
    Individuals with type II DM, found to have blunted morning cortisol and decreased hippocampal volume.  The hippocampus is the focus of memory.  This is similar to what is found in PTSD.
Nathan Goodyear

Does stress damage the brain? [Biol Psychiatry. 1999] - PubMed - NCBI - 1 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...10202566

stress hippocampus brain atrophy serotonin PTSD psychiatry damage

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12
     
    stress results in shrinkage of the hippocampus of the brain.  This would result in deficiency in serotonin and thus contribute to many of the symptoms found in those with PTSD.
Nathan Goodyear

Harriet Lane Handbook: Progesterone regulates the phosphorylation of protein phosphatas... - 0 views

www.unboundmedicine.com/...ein_phosphatases_in_the_brain_

progesterone brain hippocampus cerebellum sex hormones hormone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Mar 14
     
    rat model finds that progesterone effects internal cell enzyme activity.  In this case, progesterone increased PP2A in the cerebellum and in the hyippocampus.  Interesting, that E2 priming decreased the effects on the hippocampus, but not the cerebellum.  This reveals a biochemical link between sex hormones, progesterone in this case, and the brain.  Studies have shown progesterone to be neuroprotective in TBI.  This may be one mechanism.
Nathan Goodyear

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor functions as a metabotrophin to mediate the effects o... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2805663

BDNF hippocampus memory brain MAPK

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13
     
    BDNF increased metabolic biomarkers, MAPK, in hippocampus.  This has implications in the treatment of learning disorders.  Exercise has consistently been shown to be the most significant mechanism to increase BDNF.
Nathan Goodyear

Facilitated neurogenesis in the developin... [Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21604187

l-theanine hippocampus memory neuroplasticity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13
     
    l-Theanine promotes neurogenesis in the hippocampus.  This promoted increased memory in this rat model.
Nathan Goodyear

Increased neurogenesis and the ectopic granule cells after intrahippocampal BDNF infusi... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0014488604004431

BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor hippocampus memory neuroplasticity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13
     
    BDNF promotes neurogenesis in the hippocampus.  BDNF promotes neuroplasticity.
Nathan Goodyear

Excessive Sugar Consumption May Be a Difficult Habit to Break: A View From the Brain an... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-4353

sugar sucrose brain hippocampus aspartame cortisol saliva salivary hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 15
     
    Only abstract available here, but sugar in the form of sucrose found to lower cortisol.  Increased activity in the hippocampus was evident in the sucrose arm of this study.  Both of these activities will lead to stress induced food addictions--particularly of sugar.  Sugar is highly addictive and should be especially avoided in children.  Of note, this study followed the cortisol levels through saliva.
Nathan Goodyear

effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults - 0 views

w.numedica.net/...Reger%202004.pdf

ketogenic diet ketone bodies ketosis Alzheimer's disease neurodegenerative disease MCT medium chain fatty acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jun 12
     
    Those with Alzheimer's disease have associated dysfunction of glucose metabolism in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus. It has been reported that a ketogenic diet can improve cognitive function in these individuals. In this study, the ketone bodies were initiated through a diet high in medium chain fatty acids. The ketone bodies served as an alternative fuel source for the brain.
Nathan Goodyear

Endotoxemia-induced inflammation and the effect on... [Crit Care. 2010] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...20444270

LPS endotoxemia inflammation brain TNF-alpha IL-6 IL-10 IL-1B cortisol

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12
     
    LPS endotoxemia shown to induce brain inflammation.  In this study, the inflammatory cytokine upregulation did not fully explain the septic encephalopathy so often found.  It was associated with elevated cortisol, which has been shown to shrink the hippocampus
Nathan Goodyear

Decreased estrogen receptor-alpha expressio... [Acta Neuropathol. 2003] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12819990

ER alpha ER-alpha estrogen receptor alzheimer's disease Alzheimers neurodegeneration brain

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 14
     
    Estrogen Receptor alpha expression is decreased in the nucleus of hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Serum Folate, Homocysteine, Brain Atrophy, and Auto-CM System: The Treviso Dementia (TR... - 0 views

iospress.metapress.com/...d265g716533w7m71

Folate folic acid brain homocysteine dementia alzheimer disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Dec 13
     
    Folic acid inversely associated with brain atrophy.  Also, homocysteine is associated directly with brain atrophy in the cortical, subcortical, and hippocampus regions.
Nathan Goodyear

Behavioral and molecular evidence ... [Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21861094

BDNF l-Theanine

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 13
     
    L-theanine increases BDNF production in hippocampus.  Action also found to occur through NMDA stimulation.
Nathan Goodyear

'Metabolic syndrome' in the brain: deficiency in omega-3 fatty acid exacerbates dysfunc... - 0 views

jp.physoc.org/...2485.abstract

metabolic syndrome brain insulin fructose resistance omega 3 n-3

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • n-3 deficient diet and fructose interventions disrupted insulin receptor signalling in hippocampus as evidenced by a decrease in phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its downstream effector Akt
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 12
     
    rats fed high fructose diet and omega-3 diet found to have memory decline.  The purpose of this study was to look at the effects of Metabolic syndrome on the brain.
Nathan Goodyear

Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative memory and hippocampal... - 0 views

www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/...abstract

memory serotonin hippocampus PTSD stress

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Jul 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Jul 12
     
    increasing serotonin, in those with PTSD, increases hippocampal volume and memory. In this study, they used Paxil.  Why not just give 5-HTP to raise serotonin?
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