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Nathan Goodyear

http://shammer-irsc.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/8/6/19866071/ibuprofen_use_endotoxemia_inxam... - 0 views

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    ibuprofen provided no reduction in muscle damage/soreness in 29 ultra marathoners.  However, LPS, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1ra, GSF, MCP-1, and MIP-1beta were increased in the ibuprofen group.  TNF-alpha was unaffected.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by alt... - 0 views

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    EGCG found to reduce cytokine production in animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.  Specifically, EGCG reduced interferon gamma, IL017, IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased Th1 and Th17 cells with an increase in Treg cells.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of testosterone supplementation on markers of the metabolic syndrome and inflam... - 0 views

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    Large Moscow study found testosterone replacement to be associated with a reduction in the inflammatory markers TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and CRP.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammatory biomarkers in saliva: assess... [J Clin Periodontol. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    salivary biomarker IL-1beta found to be associated with diabetes risk.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammation and insulin resistance 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.057 : FEBS Letters | Scie... - 0 views

  • A subsequent study by Yuan et al. showed that Tnf treatment of 3T3L1 adipocytes induces insulin resistance and that this could be prevented by pretreatment of cells with aspirin
  • Activation of the Tnf receptor results in stimulation of NFκB signaling via Ikkb
  • Insulin is a pleiotropic hormone
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • the percentage of macrophages in a given adipose tissue depot is positively correlated with adiposity and adipocyte size
  • Il-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and lymphocytes
  • Il-10 exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting Tnf-induced NFκB activation by reducing IKK activity [38]
  • adipose tissue macrophages are responsible for nearly all adipose tissue Tnf expression and a significant portion of Nos2 and Il6 expression
  • One theory holds that the expansion of adipose tissue leads to adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia and that large adipocytes outstrip the local oxygen supply leading to cell autonomous hypoxia with activation of cellular stress pathways
  • The use of the anti-inflammatory compounds, salicylate and its derivative aspirin, for treating symptoms of T2DM dates back over 100 years
  • elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin (IL-8) have all been reported in various diabetic and insulin resistant states
  • overnutrition and obesity are often accompanied by elevations in tissue and circulating FFA concentrations, and saturated FFAs can directly activate pro-inflammatory responses
  • Adipokines such as resistin, leptin and adiponectin, which are secreted by adipocytes, can also affect inflammation and insulin sensitivity
  • In skeletal muscle insulin promotes glucose uptake by stimulating translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter
  • macrophages are also capable of undergoing a phenotypic switch from an M1 state, which was defined as the “classically activated” pro-inflammatory macrophage, to the M2 state or the “alternatively activated” non-inflammatory cell
  • saturated fatty acids are the most potent inducers of this inflammatory response
  • Several inducers of insulin resistance, including FFAs, pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, activate the expression of Nos2, the gene that encodes iNOS (reviewed in [33]
  • Adipose tissue insulin signaling results in decreased hormone sensitive lipase activity and this anti-lipolytic effect inhibits free fatty acid (FFA) efflux out of adipocytes.
  • In the liver, insulin inhibits the expression of key gluconeogenic enzymes and, therefore, insulin resistance in liver leads to elevated hepatic glucose production
  • elevated JNK activity in liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of obese insulin resistant mice, and knockout of Jnk1 (Jnk1−/−) leads to amelioration of insulin resistance in high fat diet
  • Adipose tissue from obese mice contains proportionately more M1 macrophages, whereas, lean adipose tissue contains more M2 macrophages, and increased M1 content positively correlates with inflammation, macrophage infiltration and insulin resistance
  • C-reactive protein (CRP)
  • these studies highlight the possibility that increased iNOS activity plays a direct role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance
  • the important role of Ikkb in the development of obesity and inflammation-induced insulin resistance.
  • It is probable that local concentrations of inflammatory mediators, such as FFAs, Tnf or other cytokines/adipokines contribute to this polarity switch
  • Tnf and other cytokines/chemokines are symptomatic of inflammation, and while they propagate and/or maintain the inflammatory state, they are not the initial cause(s) of inflammation
  • Tlr4, in particular, is stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin released by gram-negative bacteria
  • Tlr4 belongs to the family of Toll-like receptors that function as pattern recognition receptors that guard against microorganismal infections as part of the innate immune system.
  • Tlr4 stimulation results in the activation of both Ikkb/NFκB and JNK/AP-1 signaling, culminating in the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, including, Il1b, IL-6, Tnf, Mcp1, etc. (reviewed in [57
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    Great review of all the known components in the inflammation, insulin resistance link
Nathan Goodyear

High Estrogen in Men After Injectable Testo... [Am J Mens Health. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Again, Testosterone and here Estradiol are merely there for libido and sex.  What tunnel vision?!  What about hsCRP?  What about fibrinogen?  What about IL-1beta?  What about TNF-alpha?  These inflammatory cytokines have all been reported to elevate as a result of estrogen production in men.   And PSA?  No mention of it here.   This linear, tunnel vision thinking on hormones has got to stop! The study points out that all clients were using AIs and SERMs irregardless of whether they had elevated estrogens or not.  That is not a well designed study.  One group should have had AI's if elevated estrogens were present and another group should not--this would compare the effects of aromatase activity.  Second, this was simply a retrospective chart review.  Third, a 50% conversion of 34,000 + men is very high when you look at the literature.  Fourth, they point to gynecomastia as a means of negative?  The cardiovascular implications are more significant.  These studies just seem to focus on superficial things.  Fifth, did libido problems exist before?  What were the free levels?   This falls in the paucity of data (2 studies) that point to excessive lowering of estradiol effecting libido and sexual performance.
Nathan Goodyear

Diabetic neuropathic pain: a role for testosterone metabolites - 0 views

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    Great article.  Really shows the depth of the androgens and androgen metabolites in diabetes and diabetic complications.  In this study, DHT and its metabolis 3-alpha androstanediol were shown to reduce inflammation and pain associated with diabetic neuropathy.  Significant reduction in inflammation signaling (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha) was seen as was potential neurodegenerative processes (glutamate release and astrocyte immunoreactivity).
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Re-em... [Oncol Hematol Rev. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Sometimes I think medicine has lost its mind.  Or at least, it is not thinking things through.  To give IV estrogen to decrease Testosteorne in men with prostate cancer is devoid of the pathophysiology of prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease in men.  Elevated Estradiol in men increases CRP, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha to name a few cytokines.  The proported purpose of the IV estrogen is to prevent the cardiovascular complications associated with ADT.  Yet, elevated aromatase activity and low T in men are both shown to be associated with increased CVD in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Induction of interleukin-1β by mouse mammary tumor irradiation promotes tripl... - 0 views

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    Mouse model study finds that radiation promotes increase IL-1beta, CTC, and lung metastasis.
Nathan Goodyear

Thieme E-Journals - International Journal of Sports Medicine / Abstract - 0 views

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    Ultra endurance athletic events associated with significant increase in systemic inflammation due to damaged gut.
Nathan Goodyear

Oral spore-based probiotic supplementation was associated with reduced incidence of pos... - 0 views

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    Study finds spore probiotic for 30 days reduced LPS endotoxin by 42%, while the placebo group found a 36% increase.  As a result, and to no surprise, there was a significant drop in IL-beta.  Also, in the spore probiotic group, there was a 24% reduction in triglycerides.
Nathan Goodyear

The Role of Progesterone in Traumatic Brain Injury : The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabil... - 0 views

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    Progesterone useful in inflammation reduction in Traumatic Brain Injuries.  This applies to both sexes.
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