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Nathan Goodyear

Low-dose penicillin in early life induces long-term changes in murine gut microbiota, b... - 0 views

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    Gut bacteria brain connection: animal study finds antibiotics early in life alter gut flora which effects young brain and alters behavior; probiotics with Lactobacillus rhamnosus JB-1 appears to blunt the altered Gut bacteria brain connection.
Nathan Goodyear

Prior Dietary Practices and Connections to a Human Gut Microbial Metacommunity Alter Re... - 0 views

  • Long-term DPs play a large role in determining the selective environment that the gut microbiota faces, ultimately influencing the composition and diversity of taxa maintained within the gut microbial community
  • Americans consuming unrestricted diets maintained less diverse fecal microbiota than those of individuals adhering to a plant-rich diet with restricted caloric intake
  • Experiments in mice have shown that multigenerational exposure to a Western diet poor in “microbiota-accessible carbohydrates” can lead to extirpation of specific bacterial lineages
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    Diet is the key to gut microbe diversity.  Gut microbes are key to maintaining optimal cellular metabolism.  Nutrition can be a prescription for improving and reprogramming gut bacteria.
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Nathan Goodyear

Exposure to the Functional Bacterial Amyloid Protein Curli Enhances Alpha-Synuclein Agg... - 0 views

  • Our work suggests that protein misfolding and immune activation in neurodegenerative disorders are triggered through cross-seeding by exposure to exogenous microbial amyloids in the nose, mouth and gut.
  • Streptococcus mutans, Staphlococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and others
  • Gene homologs encoding curli were recently determined also in four phyla: Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Thermodesulfobacteria
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  • changes in the gut microbiota induced by antibiotics alter neuroinflammation and amyloid deposition in a mouse model of AD
  • Our data suggest that amyloid proteins in the microbiota are involved in the origination and maintenance of neurodegenerative disease.
  • exposure to bacteria producing a functional extracellular amyloid protein enhances aggregation of AS in brain neurons in aged rats and in muscle cells in nematodes
  • AS aggregates seed aggregation of tau
  • involvement of the vagus nerve in PD
  • microgliosis, astrogliosis and enhanced expression of IL-6, TLR2 and TNF in the brain following curli exposure suggest the occurrence of an enhanced local sterile inflammatory response to AS in the brain.
  • the immune system in both AD and PD have now been extensively established
  • TLR2 activation through exposure to bacterial amyloid is pathogenic
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    Gut bacteria may play crucial role in systemic inflammation that leads to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.  These amyloid production bacteria trigger systemic inflammation that leads to microglia activation and amyloid in the brain.   More establishment of the gut-brain connection.  
Nathan Goodyear

Gut Microbe-Mediated Suppression of Inflammation-Associated Colon Carcinogenesis by Lum... - 0 views

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    Only abstract available here: Gut bacteria, lactobacillus reuteri, could be the key to colon cancer prevention through inflammation control.  What is fascinating is how the gut bacteria influenced epigenetic expression of histidine decarboxylase to increase histamine production.
Nathan Goodyear

Head-injury profoundly affects gut microbiota homeostasis: results of a pilot study - S... - 0 views

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    New study finds that head injury alters gut bacteria.  This destroys the isolated systems thinking of traditional medicine.  This is the gut-grain connection, but in REVERSE.
Nathan Goodyear

Clostridium scindens: a human gut microbe with a high potential to convert glucocortico... - 0 views

  • During the enterohepatic circulation (EC), bile salts are synthesized in the liver, concentrated in the gallbladder, and function in the lumen of the small intestine to absorb dietary lipids and limit microbial growth at the site of nutrient uptake
  • Bile acid 7α/β-dehydroxylating bacteria are organisms capable of converting primary bile acids made by the host to harmful secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid, and lithocholic acid
  • These bacteria normally comprise a small proportion of the gut microbiota (∼103–104/g wet weight) and consist of species within the genus Clostridium
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  • C. scindens and a small number of species belonging to the genus Clostridium are responsible for significant alterations in the human bile acid pool composition through bile acid 7α/β dehydroxylation
  • bile acids play an important role in maintaining intestinal barrier function as antimicrobial agents in the small bowel (37, 38) and inducers of antimicrobial peptides
  • Perturbations in the biliary bile acid pool composition can be indicative of hepatogastrointestinal diseases such as fat malabsorption (40), gallstones (3), gastrointestinal cancers (41), and possibly type II diabetes
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    Gut microbiota appears to be source of androgen production that originates from the gut.  Who would have thought that the Gut as an androgen producing endocrine gland.
Nathan Goodyear

Persistent microbiome alterations modulate the rate of post-dieting weight regain : Nat... - 0 views

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    HFD found to alter gut bacteria with increase in weight gain.  A return to normal diet did not see a return to the previous gut bacteria balance.  Subsequent HFD resulted in a significantly higher weight gain than the first.
Nathan Goodyear

Akkermansia muciniphila Adheres to Enterocytes and Strengthens the Integrity of the Epi... - 0 views

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    Akkermansia muciniphila found to increase the integrity of the gut mucosal lining.  Important in gut healing and likely a good biomarker of good/bad gut health and integrity.
Nathan Goodyear

Connections between the human gut microbiome and gestational diabetes mellitus | GigaSc... - 0 views

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    Gestational Diabetes risk may just begin in the gut flora.
Nathan Goodyear

Substituting whole grains for refined grains in a 6-wk randomized trial has a modest ef... - 0 views

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    small study finds diet rich in whole grains compared to refined grains improves gut bacteria balance and immune system.  Maybe the key to optimal gut health is the diet?
Nathan Goodyear

Frontiers | Bacterial Composition, Genotoxicity, and Cytotoxicity of Fecal Samples from... - 0 views

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    Diet influenced gut bacteria is key to controlling gut inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Gut microbiota after gastric bypass in human obesity: increased richness and associatio... - 0 views

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    Not that I am proposing gastric bypass for weight loss.  IN my mind that is like a lobotomy for headache.  But, this study shows the link between gut bacteria and obesity.  This study documented an increase in the expression of certain bacteria types in the gut.   This was associated with increase in white adipose tissue gene expression.  Linking directly the gut and fat.
Nathan Goodyear

Gut microbiota signatures of longevity - 0 views

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    Gut health the key to longevity?  Or just and effect?  Sorry, just abstract available.  The authors found similarities in the gut commensal population of centurions in China and Italy.
Nathan Goodyear

Akkermansia muciniphila mediates negative effects of IFNγ on glucose metaboli... - 0 views

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    fascinating read on gut inflammation and glucose metabolism.  The gut bacteria implicated her is Akkermansia muciniphila.
Nathan Goodyear

The chemo-gut study: investigating the long-term effects of chemotherapy on gut microbi... - 0 views

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    Chemotherapy destroys the gut flora. The full impact is yet to be determined, but initial results don't look good.
Nathan Goodyear

BMC Microbiology | Full text | The Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio of the human microb... - 0 views

  • The microbiota of the large intestine plays an important role in host metabolism and maintenance of host health
  • Our results defining a standard adult profile, together with previous reports, showed that C. leptum, C. coccoides, Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium represent the four dominant groups of the adult fecal microbiota
  • Sub-dominant groups are Lactobacilli Enterobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrio, Sporomusa, Atopobium as well as other bacterial groups including Clostridium clusters XI, XIVb, and XVIII
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  • In infant fecal microbiota, we observed Bifidobacterium as the dominant group
  • this observation is strongly related to diet, being enhanced by breast feeding
  • Significant higher numbers of Bifidobacterium were observed in infants versus adults and seniors
  • the gastrointestinal tract is first colonized by facultative anaerobes, such as E. coli
  • Strict anaerobes, such as Clostridium, colonize at later stages, as can be seen by the relatively low levels of C. leptum and C. coccoides in infants
  • diet change must be considered among the primary causes for such a shift of microbiota between infants and adults.
  • In the case of elderly subjects, our qPCR results indicated a significant increase in the counts of E. coli when compared to adults. This data is consistent with other publications indicating that elderly subjects harbor a different E. coli microbiota profile compared to younger adults
  • a number of authors reported a reduction in the numbers and diversity of many protective commensal anaerobes, such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria
  • The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was already shown to be of significant relevance in signaling human gut microbiota status
  • Our measurements of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in adults obtained by our species-specific qPCR are in agreement with those obtained by Ley et al
  • Compared with young adults, the elderly have a different digestive physiology, characterized at a physiological level by a reduction in transit and of digestive secretions
  • The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio undergoes an increase from birth to adulthood and is further altered with advanced age
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    Good discussion of the gut microbiome.  Age effects the gut bacteria balance.  The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio increases from young, to young adult, to the elderly in this study.  Is this simply a reflection of aging or is the a biomarker that can be changed through diet and targeted probiotics?
Nathan Goodyear

Prolonged antibiotic treatment induces a diabetogenic intestinal microbiome that accele... - 0 views

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    Only abstract available here.  Animal study finds that gut bacteria induce diabetes and early antibiotic exposure accelerated this autoimmune activity.  This study also used VSL#3 to attempt to treat but no effect was evident.  
Nathan Goodyear

The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome | Science Translational Medicine - 0 views

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    Paradigm shift: placenta is not sterile environment but contains bacteria from mother.  This microbiome may play role in the initiation of the offsprings gut micro biome.
Nathan Goodyear

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest : Abstr... - 0 views

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    gut bacteria balance associated with obesity.  The balance of ones gut bacteria plays a significant role in whether a high fat,western diet leads to obesity or not.
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