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Nathan Goodyear

Frontiers | Performance enhancement at the cost of potential brain plasticity: neural ramifications of nootropic drugs in the healthy developing brain | Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience - 0 views

journal.frontiersin.org/...full

psychostimulants stimulants prescription brain neuroscience neuroplasticity methylphenidate amphetamine dopamine norepinephrine serotonin cognition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 14
     
    Great article on the detriment of prescription stimulants for cognitive enhancement.  The authors describe an inverted "U" efficacy curve.
Nathan Goodyear

Diagnosing Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...972617

HGH GH human growth hormone growth hormone IGF-1

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • it is clear that serum IGF-1 and or IGFBP-3 can be normal in patients with undisputed GHD
  • Various investigators have reported normal IGF-1 values in 37–70% of GH deficient adults
  • The co-administration of arginine and GHRH (the combined test) is a powerful stimulus for GH production and has gained increasing acceptance as a useful method of diagnosing GHD [34]. This test has been advocated as a suitable alternative to ITT
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is a reliable, safe alternative to the ITT in the diagnosis of GHD
  • An intravenous infusion of arginine (0.5 g/kg body weight) together with an intravenous bolus of GHRH (1 mcg/kg body weight) is administered [30]. Serum samples for GH are then obtained every 15–30 minutes for two hours.
  • Obesity, particularly marked obesity, is associated with blunted GH secretion in response to provocative stimuli
  • It has also been suggested that that even mildly increased BMI (25–30 kg/m2) can result in diminished stimulated GH production in 13% of healthy subjects
  • Corneli et al. have defined BMI-specific cut-off points for diagnosing adult-onset GHD using GHRH + arginine—11.5 ng/mL for those with BMI < 25 kg/m2, 8.0 ng/mL for BMI 25–30 kg/m2, 4.2 ng/mL for those with BMI > 30 kg/m2
  • GH levels are higher during the luteal phase in comparison with the follicular phase of the cycle
  • Oral, in contrast to transdermal oestrogen, lowers IGF-1 levels and is associated with increased GH levels
  • Adequate pituitary replacement with thyroxine and hydrocortisone are needed for optimal GH production
  • one cannot rely on a low IGF-1 to diagnose GHD in women taking oral oestrogen preparations.
  • Numerous GH secretagogues are available with the insulin tolerance test being the gold standard and the glucagon stimulation test or the GHRH + arginine as acceptable alternatives
  • ain et al. found the GST to be at least as good as the ITT in provoking GH secretion
  • the GST is safe, with almost no contraindications, it causes nausea and sometimes vomiting in 15–20% of subjects
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 14
     
    Nice, more recent analysis, of HGH testing.
Nathan Goodyear

Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone p... [Fertil Steril. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25044085

enclomiphen Testosterone LH FSH men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 14
     
    Enclomiphen, a clomid isomer, stimulates FSH and LH to preserve spermatogenesis and Testosterone production.
Nathan Goodyear

Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in ... [Clin Nutr. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24972455

citrulline amino acids protein muscle

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jun 14
     
    Not really a surprise, but citrulline shown to stimulate anabolic muscle growth.
Nathan Goodyear

Changes in Thymidine Kinase and α-Amylase Activity during Isoproterenol-stimulated DNA Synthesis in Mouse Salivary Gland - 0 views

cancerres.aacrjournals.org/...2211.short

saliva TK-1 cancer thymidine kinase 1

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Mar 15
     
    salivary TK-1 increased in response to stimulated increased DNA synthesis in mouse model.
Nathan Goodyear

IL-2: The First Effective Immunotherapy for Human Cancer | The Journal of Immunology - 0 views

www.jimmunol.org/...5451

cancer IL-2 Treg immune system immunology

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • IL-2 is a 15.5-kDa cytokine secreted predominately by Ag-simulated CD4+ T cells, but it can also be produced by CD8+ cells, NK cells, and activated dendritic cells
  • The side effects were transient and returned to baseline following treatment
  • A generalized capillary leak syndrome was induced by IL-2 in vivo that resulted in interstitial pulmonary infiltrates and substantial weight gain in patients
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • IL-2 is the predominant factor responsible for the maintenance of CD4+ regulatory T cells
  • Tumors do not express IL-2 receptors and thus the antitumor activity was the result of IL-2 stimulation of immune cell
  • Patients with metastatic melanoma or metastatic renal cell cancer were uniquely responsive to high-dose IL-2 administration, and except for patients with advanced non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (35) only rare responses were seen in patients with other tumor types
  • The underlying toxicity of IL-2 results from a capillary leak that leads to fluid extravasation into visceral organs that can compromise their function
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 18
     
    Great review of the history of IL-2 in the treatment of cancer.  IL-2 stimulates the immune system to attack cancer.  Don't reinvent the wheel; use what is already present and available.
Nathan Goodyear

Inhibitory effects of progestogens on the estrogen stimulation of melanocytes in vitro - Contraception - 0 views

www.contraceptionjournal.org/...abstract

melasma hormones estrogen progesterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Oct 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Oct 16
     
    Progesterone not found to stimulate pigmentation activity or increase in melanocytes in women with melasma.
Nathan Goodyear

Hyperthermia as an immunotherapy strategy for cancer - 1 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2828267

cancer hyperthermia

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Nov 18 - No Cached
  • the notion of treating human cancers with heat dates back to the writings of Hippocrates
  • enhance the efficiency of standard cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation treatment
  • After antigen uptake at tumor sites, APCs have the ability to create a robust response by entering lymphoid compartments and programming lymphocytes
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Hyperthermia differs fundamentally from fever in that it elevates the core body temperature without changing the physiological set point
  • hyperthermia is induced by increasing the heat load and/or inactivating heat dissipation
  • mor cells [2]. Although significant cell killing could be achieved by heating cells or tissues to temperatures > 42°C for 1 or more hours, the application, measurement and consistency of this temperature range within the setting of cancer clinical trials
  • mild temperature hyperthermia (ie, within the fever-range, 39–41°C)
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Aug 19
       
      101.2 to 105.8
  • moderate hyperthermia (41°C)
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Aug 19
       
      105.8 F
  • Hsps are a family of stress-induced proteins
  • they are key regulators of cellular protein activity, turnover and trafficking
  • Hsps ensure appropriate post-translational protein folding, and are able to refold denatured proteins, or mark irreversibly damaged proteins for destruction
  • the ability of fever-range hyperthermia to induce reactive immunity against tumor antigens through DCs and NK-cells is likely mediated by Hsps
  • thermotolerance
  • Hsps support the malignant phenotype of cancer cells by not only affecting the cells’ survival, but also participating in angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and immortalization mechanisms
  • Hsps released from stressed or dying cells activate dendritic cells (DCs), transforming them into mature APCs
  • In theory, fever-range hyperthermia may take advantage of tumor cell Hsps by inducing their release from tumor cells and augmenting DC priming against tumor antigens
  • In several models of hyperthermia, heat-treated tumors exhibited improved DC priming and generation of systemic immunity to tumor cell
  • hyperthermia alone can enhance antigen display by tumor cells, thus rendering them even more susceptible to programmed immune clearance
  • Fever-range hyperthermia may also induce Hsps
  • Hsps may exert an adjuvant effect by bolstering MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecule expression by DCs
  • thermal ablation of liver tumors in particular has demonstrated an ability to potentiate immune responses [57, 58] and elicit robust T-cell infiltrates at ablation sites
  • specific Hsp, Hsp70, directly inhibits apoptosis pathways in cancer cells, as demonstrated in human pancreatic, prostate and gastric cancer cells
  • Cross-priming is the ability of extracellular Hsps complexed to tumor peptides to be internalized and presented in the context of MHC class I molecules on APCs, thus allowing potent priming of CTLs against tumor antigens
  • It has been reported that Hsps are generated from necrotic tumor cell lysates, but not from tumor cells undergoing apoptosis
  • tumor cells exposed to hyperthermia in the heat shock range (42°C for 4h) prior to lysing, DC activation and cross-priming were significantly enhanced with the application of heat
  • Due to the ability of Hsps to activate DCs directly by chaperoning tumor antigens upon their release [28], it is possible that both local and regional immune stimulation can be achieved with hyperthermia.
  • support the use of hyperthermia as an inducer of Hsps to serve as ‘danger signals’, activating antitumor immune responses
  • whole-body hyperthermia not only augments immune responses, but also stimulates the migration of skin-derived DCs to draining lymph nodes
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Aug 19
       
      This allows for the activation of lymphocytes by the activated dendritic cells.
  • suggest a valuable role of hyperthermia in DC cancer vaccine strategies
  • In mice treated with fever-range whole-body hyperthermia, tumor growth was significantly inhibited and NK-cell infiltration increased
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Aug 19
       
      Hyperthermia increased NK cell activation, proliferation, and infiltration, which equals increased cytotoxicity.
  • exposure to fever-range hyperthermia resulted in improved endogenous NK-cell cytotoxicity to several cancer types
  • improved activation and function of DCs and NK cells following hyperthermia
  • Hyperthermia increases the expression ICAM-1 a key adhesion molecule,
  • The combined effects of hyperthermia on lymphoid tissue endothelium and lymphocytes can promote immune surveillance and increase the probability of naive lymphocytes leaving the circulation and encountering their cognate antigen displayed by DCs in lymphoid organs.
  • In independent clinical studies, whole-body hyperthermia resulted in a transient decrease in circulating lymphocytes in patients with advanced cancer [12, 94, 99, 100], a finding which mirrored observations in animal models in which lymphocyte entry into lymph noeds was increased following hyperthermia treatment [93]. Enhanced recruitment of lymphocytes to lymphoid tissues may be exploited in the treatment of malignancies.
  • The initial tumor antigen presentation and initiation of clonal expansion of CTLs transpires in the lymph nodes and cannot take place outside this specialized compartment
  • the ability of DCs present in the lymph nodes to stimulate an anti-tumor immune response is critical
  • hyperthermia has been shown to improve immune surveillance by T-cell
  • and to increase DC trafficking to lymph nodes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Nov 18
     
    Great review of hyperthermia.
Nathan Goodyear

Purple Carrot Anthocyanins Decrease LPS Stimulated Nitric Oxide Production - 0 views

www.fasebj.org/...A731.4.short

anthocyanin NO iNOS LPS lipopolysaccharides nitric oxide inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 17
     
    Anthocyanins decrease LPS stimulated NO production in a dose dependent manner.
Nathan Goodyear

Inhibition of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages by resveratrol, a potent proteasome inhibitor. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22698256

quercetin resveratrol pterostilbene iNOS LPS lipopolysaccharides inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 17
     
    In addition to quercetin, resveratrol and pterostilbene inhibit LPS stimulated cytokine production.
spineneuro

Spine And Neuro Surgery Hospital India: Dr. Paresh Doshi Adding More to Life Through Excellence in Neurocare in India - 0 views

spineandneurosurgeryhospitalindia.blogspot.com/...nce-in-neurocare-in-india.html

Dr. Paresh Doshi DBS surgery specialist in India Best Deep Brain Stimulation Neurosurgeon in India Top Neurosurgeon at Jaslok Hospital Mumbai

shared by spineneuro on 13 Oct 21 - No Cached
  • spineneuro on 13 Oct 21
     
    As a neurosurgeon, Dr. Paresh Doshi has performed many lifesaving surgeries to remove brain tumors and blood clots. Recently he has performed a unique deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgical treatment using a complicated auto-sensing device (percept computer) for controlling the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease of a forty two-years-old patient, a scientist from Ahmedabad. For Appointment Email: dr.pareshdoshi@neurospinehospital.com Phone No.: +91-9325887033
Nathan Goodyear

Cannabigerol is a novel, well-tolerated appetite stimulant in pre-satiated rats - PMC - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5021742

cannabigerol appetite phytocannabinoids CBG

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 24 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 24
     
    Appetite stimulation at 120 to 240 mg/kg
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone and Estradiol Regulate Free Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), IGF Binding Protein 1 (IGFBP-1), and Dimeric IGF-I/IGFBP-1 Concentrations - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...2941.full

IGF-1 testosterone Estradiol growth hormone hormones HGH GH IGFBP-1

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Nov 12
     
    testosterone and Estradiol effect IGF-1 levels.  This small study looked at 8 men and 8 postmenopausal women.  Findings:  low testosterone and high estradiol decrease IGF-1 availability.   Estradiol in postmenopausal women will result in a decrease in IGF-1 through an elevation of IGFBP-1.  In men, testosterone replacement stimulates increased HGH secretion and resultant IGF-1 secretion
Nathan Goodyear

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Induces Cell Proliferation through Up-Regulation of Cyclin D1 Expression via Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/Nuclear Factor-κB Cascade in Human Breast Cancer Cells - 0 views

endo.endojournals.org/...4917.long

medroxyprogesterone acetate progestin progestins breast cancer prover NF-kapppB

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Nov 12
     
    medroxyprogesterone acetate, synthetic progestin, shown to increase inflammation signaling in human breast cancer cells.  This is a proposed mechamism by which growth stimulation occurs with prover and breast cancer.  
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen receptor related beta is expressed in human endometrium throughout the normal menstrual cycle - 0 views

humrep.oxfordjournals.org/...2782.full

ER-alpha ER-beta estrogen receptor estrogen receptors estrogen receptor alpha estrogen receptor beta estrogen receptor alpha beta endometrium menstrual cycle human

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Dec 12
     
    ER-beta found throughout both the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle.  ER-beta expression was higher in the proliferative versus the secretory phases, though not statistically significant.  This makes since as estrogen stimulation dominates the proliferative phase.  Additionally, ER-beta expression was found throughout all levels of the endometrium and the myometrium.
Nathan Goodyear

Thyroid hormones act indirectly to increase sex hormone-binding globulin production by liver via hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α - 0 views

jme.endocrinology-journals.org/...19.full

thyroid hormones hypothyroid hyperthyroid SHBG liver

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12
     
    Thyroid hormones stimulate SHBG levels.  
Nathan Goodyear

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition - C-reactive protein concentration and concentrations of blood vitamins, carotenoids, and selenium among United States adults - 0 views

www.nature.com/...1601667a.html

IV vitamin C intravenous IV vitamin C antioxidants CRP ROS vitamins

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12
     
    This study shows that inflammation, CRP in this study, was inversely associated with low antioxidants ie. vitamin C.  This makes since as ROS are known to stimulate inflammation.  Vitamin C should be considered as a therapeutic option in those with inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

ScienceDirect.com - Cytokine - Effects of vitamin C on intracytoplasmic cytokine production in human whole blood monocytes and lymphocytes - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1043466604000651

vitamin C inflammation cytokines LPS

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12
     
    vitamin C therapy found to directly inhibit intracellular inflammatory signaling: TNF-alpha, IL-6.  This was positively correlated with LPS stimulated inflammatory cytokines.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of high dose intravenous ascorbic acid on the level of inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - 0 views

www.riordanclinic.org/...MRI-v01n02-p26.pdf

RA rheumatoid arthritis rheumatoid arthritis IV vitamin C intravenous IV vitamin C ascorbic vitamin C inflammation autoimmune

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12
     
    This study, small pilot, showed that they were able to lower inflammation in those suffering from RA, through high dose vitamin C IV therapy. This study stopped at 25 gms. The vitamin C is a scavenger of ROS and ROS stimulates inflammation through NF-kappaB. This is how vitamin C can reduce inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: underpin... [Steroids. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22178787

PCOS inflammation TNF-alpha androgens women polycystic ovarian syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Nov 12
     
    In women with PCOS, inflammation DIRECTLY stimulates androgen production from the ovaries.  Inflammation is the driving force behind the high androgen levels in women with PCOS.
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