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Nathan Goodyear

PsychiatryOnline | American Journal of Psychiatry | CSF Norepinephrine Concentrations i... - 0 views

ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx

CSF norepinephrine catecholamines PTSD plasma blood serum trauma stress psychiatry disorder

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12
     
    CSF norepinephrine levels found to be elevated in those with PTSD.  This is one of the few, if not only study, that has looked at epinephrine concentrations in PTSD.  Plasma norepinephrine levels were found to not be associated with PTSD.
Nathan Goodyear

Cavernous and systemic plasma levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine during different... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11834403

ED norepinephrine erectile dysfunction

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 May 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 May 17
     
    elevated norepinephrine plays role in ED in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Abuse-related posttraumatic stress dis... [Psychosom Med. 1995 Mar-Apr] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...7792368

PTSD norepinephrine noradrenaline sympathetic system stress trauma

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Feb 12
     
    chronic elevated norepinephrine and sympathetic activation foun din those individuals suffering from PTSD.
Nathan Goodyear

Endocrine biomarkers and symptom clusters during t... [Menopause. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24781854

estrogen FSH epinephrine norepinephrine hot flashes women hormone hormones menopause cortisol Testosterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 14
     
    Study finds that low estrogen, assuming estradiol, higher FSH, low epinephrine, higher norepinephrine are associated with severe hot flashes.  Of interesting note, Cortisol and Testosterone were not associated with symptom severity.
Nathan Goodyear

Catcholamine and nitric oxide systems as targets of... [Life Sci. 2000] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11205890

Pb lead NO catecholamines epinephrine norepinephrine hypertension CVD cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Sep 14
     
    Pb reduced NO, increased epinephrine and norepinephrine, increased vascular resistance and RAA system which resulted in hypertension.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism on Noradrenergic Activity and Glycerol Concentrati... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2003-030576

thyroid hormone adipose tissue adipose fat obesity metabolism noradrenaline norepinephrine

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14
     
    Thyroid hormone increased localized norepinephrine production and liposlys resulting in decreases SQ adipose tissue compared to hypothyroid.  This study showed a localized effect of adipose tissue by thyroid hormone. 
Nathan Goodyear

Gonadal hormone regulation of MAO and other enzymes in hypothalamic areas. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...6835476

progesterone MAO serotonin dopamine norepinephrine hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Jul 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Jul 17
     
    Progesterone increased MAO in prior estrogen treatment.  Without prior treatment, Progesterone did not increase MAO and decrease the monoamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.
Nathan Goodyear

Erectile dysfunction as the presenting symptom of a pheochromocytoma. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18054710

ED erectile dysfunction pheochromocytoma norepinephrine

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 May 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 May 17
     
    Interesting case study of ED presenting in man with pheochromocytoma.  Only abstract here; yet the cause is the high norepinephrine and the effect it exerts on the corpus cavernosum.
Nathan Goodyear

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Osama_Arafat/publication/234135338_METHYLCOBALAMIN... - 0 views

www.researchgate.net/...C-HYPOPHYSEAL-ADRENAL-AXIS.pdf

methylcobalamin methyl-B12 B12 hypertension norepinephrine adrenal medulla adrenal

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Dec 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Dec 17
     
    Animal study points to methylB12 as the cause of an increase in adrenal medulla norepinephrine production.  This has significant implications in individuals with hypertension.
Nathan Goodyear

Acute changes in 5-HT metabolism after S-adeno... [Gen Pharmacol. 1989] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...2473938

SAMe methylation depression serotonin

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12
     
    SAMe increased hippocampal serotonin levels by 300% in rat brain model.  Methylation is known to play a major role in serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
Nathan Goodyear

Biology of post-traumatic stress disorder ... [J Neuroendocrinol. 2008] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18363804

salivary cortisol saliva testing hormone PTSD catecholamines

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 11
     
    appears that PTSD results in divergent catecholamine and cortisol levels as patients age.  The catecholamines (norepinephrine) will elevate and the cortisol will progressive decrease.  Additionally, this is revealed in salivary cortisol testing
Nathan Goodyear

Extended-release Tramadol (ULTRAM ER): a pharmacot... [Am J Ther. 2008 Mar-Apr] - PubMe... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18356636

tramadol

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 11
     
    Ultram is a weak norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3435915

IV intravenous fluid nutrition athletes athlete sports medicine sports exercise

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia with hypertonic IV infusion to correct plasma sodium levels is also a standard and accepted use of IV fluid infusions
  • athletes who present for medical care with hypernatremia who cannot tolerate oral fluids can benefit from IV fluids
  • Vaporization of sweat accounts for 80% of heat loss in hot, dry atmospheric conditions. This mechanism of water loss is the major contributor for exercise-associated dehydration
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • The rate of water loss can be quantified through measurement of sweat rate
  • Pre- and postexercise body weight measurements are the most common means to estimate overall water loss but are condition specific
  • It appears that 1% to 2% body weight loss is well tolerated by the exercising athlete
  • Dehydration, defined as greater than 2% loss of body weight, can negatively affect performance
  • In highly trained endurance athletes, plasma volume and sodium serum concentration were preserved despite a 5% body weight loss
  • In Ironman triathletes, dehydration to 5% body weight loss did not correlate with occurrence of medical complications
  • hydration should begin hours prior to exercise, especially if known deficits are present, and fluids should be consumed at a slow, steady rate, with 5 to 7 mL/kg taken 4 hours prior to exercise
  • Sodium concentration did not produce significant changes in the rate of absorption but was primarily dependent on carbohydrate concentration
  • Replacing 150% of body weight loss over 60 minutes has been tolerated without complications
  • IV treatment of severe dehydration (>7% body weight loss), exertional heat illness, nausea, emesis, or diarrhea, and in those who cannot ingest oral fluids for other reasons, is clinically indicated
  • A recent survey of the National Football League teams revealed that 75% (24 of 32) of the teams utilized IV infusion of fluids for prehydration in at least some otherwise healthy individuals
  • In the National Football League, an average of 1.5 L of normal saline was administered approximately 2.5 hours prior to competition
  • after 2 hours of exercise, the rectal temperature was 0.6° higher in the group not receiving IV infusion. Also, stroke volume and cardiac output were 11% to 16% lower in the control group versus the IV infusion group.
  • Recent evidence suggests the etiology of EAMC is related to muscle fatigue and neuronal excitability
  • no correlation between hydration status or electrolyte concentrations with EAMC
  • there may be a subset of muscle cramping that is associated with a loss of both body fluid and sodium
  • Glycerol is the primary agent for oral hyperhydration
  • elevation of plasma volume by 200 to 300 mL via dextran infusion resulted in 15% increase in stroke volume, 4% increase in VO2 max, and an increase in the exercise time to fatigue
  • Neither the tonicity nor mode of hydration resulted in improved speed of rehydration, greater fluid retention, or improved performance
  • There are beneficial anecdotal reports of EAMC treatment in elite and professional-level athletes with IV hydration during the course of an event
  • Plasma volume was better restored during rehydration with IV fluids at preexercise and 5 minutes of exercise. At 15 minutes, there was no difference between IV and oral rehydration
  • More rapid restoration of plasma volume was accomplished in the IV treatment group with no advantages over oral rehydration in physiological strain, heat tolerance, ratings of perceived effort, or thermal sensations
  • No difference was found in exercise time to exhaustion. IV and oral rehydration methods were equally effective. Heart rates were statistically higher in the oral rehydration group through 75 minutes of exercise, and there were higher increases in norepinephrine plasma concentrations
  • No significant differences between the groups were found for time to recovery, number of days with pain, number of days with stiffness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, rectal temperature, and loss of appetite
  • The current data suggest that IV rehydration is faster than oral
  • There may be physiological benefits of decreased heart rate and norepinephrine in athletes rehydrated via IV route
  • Postexercise blood 1 hour and 24 hours showed no differences in circulating myoglobin or creatine kinase
  • The use of IV fluid may be beneficial for a subset of fluid sensitive athletes
  • this should be reserved for high-level athletes with strong histories of symptoms in well-monitored settings.
  • Volume expanders may also be beneficial for some athletes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15
     
    to be read
Nathan Goodyear

The acute effect of high-dose intravenous vitamin C and other nutrients on blood pressu... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4864764

vitamin C IV vitamin C hypertension vitamin B12 blood pressure cardiovascular disease CVD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • the reduction in BP within the first 10–20 min may be primarily attributed to a direct vasodilatory physiological effect, described as venodilation
  • BP reduction observed after 70–90 min is likely attributable to pharmacokinetically plausible vitamin C absorption and vasodilation because of nitric oxide release
  • Pharmacokinetic studies of IVC administration observed peak plasma levels within the first 90 min, with plasma levels reaching 13350 μmol/l for 50 g of IVC
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Essential hypertension, associated with endothelial dysfunction because of an impaired nitric oxide/l-arginine pathway and impaired vasodilation can be restored by vitamin C
  • marked increase in BP response when IVB12 is administered
  • The mean BP increased significantly up to 12–16 mmHg systolic and diastolic independent of the dosage of vitamin B12
  • The production of norepinephrine, which can stimulate angiotensin-II production, which in turn influences BP, has been suggested as a possible mechanism for the increase in BP with IVB12
  • excess norephinephrine levels stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased cortisol production, which has also been linked to increases in BP
  • Animal studies have found higher serum levels of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) in the adrenal medulla of rats receiving methylcobalamin (methyl-vitamin B12)
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Aug 17
     
    IV vitamin C in mostly normotensive patients (> 30 grams) reduced blood pressure.  Some of the patients were pre-hypertensive. Vitamin B12 increase the blood pressure.
Nathan Goodyear

Gender and sex hormones in multiple sclerosis pathology and therapy - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2689399

hormones MS multiple Sclerosis Estriol progesterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • It is now well recognized that the disease manifestation is reduced in pregnant women with relapsing-remitting MS
  • This occurs particularly during the third trimester when levels of estrogens (estradiol and estriol) and progesterone (see Table 2) are elevated up to about 20 times
  • This seems well correlated with a decrease in active white matter lesions detected by MRI
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • This clinical improvement is however followed by temporary rebound exacerbations at post-partum, when the hormone levels decline
  • a shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response, expansion of suppressive regulatory T lymphocytes and decrease in the number of circulating CD16+ natural killer (NK)-cells
  • Th1 lymphocytes secrete proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-2, IFNgamma, lymphotoxin) while Th2 cells secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10), which favor humoral-mediated responses
  • Th2 cytokines are associated with down-regulation of Th1 cytokines and this Th2 shift is believed to provide protection from allograft rejection during pregnancy as well as from Th1-mediated autoimmune disease
  • it is worth noting that the levels of other hormones with anti-inflammatory activity (1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, norepinephrine, cortisol) also increase by 2 to 4 times during late pregnancy
  • 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 induces regulatory T-cell function important for development of self-tolerance
  • breast-feeding does not alter the relapse rate in women with MS
  • Leptin is a pleiotropic hormone produced primarily by adipocytes but also by T lymphocytes and neurons
  • Several lines of evidence indicate that leptin contributes to EAE/MS pathogenesis, influencing its onset and clinical severity, by acting as a proinflammatory cytokine which promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) anergy and hyporesponsiveness, resulting in increased Th1 (TNFalpha, INFgamma) and reduced Th2 (IL-4) cytokine production
  • circulating leptin levels are increased in relapsing-remitting MS patients (men and women analyzed together) while the CD4+CD25+Treg population decreases
  • As the leptin plasma concentrations are proportional to the amount of fat tissue, obese/overweight individuals produce higher levels of leptin
  • Nielsen et al found that estradiol and progesterone exert neuroprotection against glutamate neurotoxicity, while MPA antagonizes the neuroprotective effect of estradiol and exacerbated neuron death induced by glutamate excitotoxicity
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jan 17
     
    very good review of the differences in MS and hormones between the sexes.
Nathan Goodyear

Frontiers | Performance enhancement at the cost of potential brain plasticity: neural r... - 0 views

journal.frontiersin.org/...full

psychostimulants stimulants prescription brain neuroscience neuroplasticity methylphenidate amphetamine dopamine norepinephrine serotonin cognition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 14
     
    Great article on the detriment of prescription stimulants for cognitive enhancement.  The authors describe an inverted "U" efficacy curve.
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3435915

IV nutrition intravenous fluids exercise sports medicine sports athlete athletes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • The current data suggest that IV rehydration is faster than oral
  • There may be physiological benefits of decreased heart rate and norepinephrine in athletes rehydrated via IV route
  • Muscle damage during exercise in the heat was assessed by myoglobin and creatine kinase
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Postexercise blood 1 hour and 24 hours showed no differences in circulating myoglobin or creatine kinase
  • IV administration of fluids can rapidly replace plasma volume
  • The rapid increase in plasma volume is transient, and no measureable difference between IV and oral prehydration exists after 15 minutes of exercise
  • The use of IV fluid may be beneficial for a subset of fluid sensitive athletes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15
     
    IV nutrition pre-event, intra-event, and post-event for recovery.
Nathan Goodyear

The implication of neuroactive steroids in Tourette syndrome pathogenesis: a ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3849218

tourette's syndrome hormones 5-alpha reductase

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 15 - No Cached
  • The typical onset of TS occurs at 6–7 years of age and is characterized by the appearance of simple, recurrent motor tics, followed by the manifestation of phonic tics after several months [12]. In most children, TS symptoms undergo a progressive exacerbation, which reaches its zenith at the beginning of puberty (11–12 years of age), and is then followed by a gradual remission in the majority of patients
  • 30–40% of TS-affected children retain their symptoms in adulthood
  • Multiple neurotransmitters have been implicated in TS, including dopamine (DA), serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA)
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • female gender may predict greater tic severity in adulthood
  • male gender is a major risk factor for TS (with a male:female prevalence ratio estimated at ~4:1)
  • the typical age of onset coincides with adrenarche (6–7 years old); symptoms increase in severity until the beginning of puberty (12 years old) and then undergo a spontaneous amelioration, which becomes apparent with the end of puberty (at 18–19 years of age)
  • TS is diagnosed later in females than males
  • ample evidence supports the involvement of DAergic dysfunctions in TS
  • a number of clinical observations showed that tics in TS patients could be exacerbated by anabolic androgens
  • steroidogenic enzymes and androgen receptors may serve as putative therapeutic targets for this disorder
  • Unlike males, tic severity is typically increased after puberty in females
  • 26% of females were found to experience exacerbation of tics in the estrogenic phase of the menstrual cycle, and this phenomenon was found to be correlated with increased tic severity at menarche
  • biochemical hallmark of adrenarche is the acquisition of 17,20 lyase activity by cytochrome P450 C17 (CYP17A1)
  • increased synthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione, which leads to the growth of axillary and pubic hair as well as enhancement in the oiliness of the skin
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 15
     
    interesting read on hormones and tourette's.. Proposed that 5 alpha reductase activity is involved in worsening of tics.  This makes sense as Testosterone in men with low T is known to increase dopamine and dopaminergic dysfunction is known to play a role in tourette's;  the clinical presentation of girls vs boys is very different.  The authors of this article propose that 5 alpha reductase activity controls a back door method where by progesterone is converted to androgens.
Nathan Goodyear

Sources and Significance of Plasma Levels of Catechols and Their Metabolites in Humans - 0 views

jpet.aspetjournals.org/...800.full

dopamine DOPAC catecholamines neurotransmitters epinephrine norepinephrine

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 15
     
    Good review of the sources and metabolism of catecholamines in the blood.
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buy adderall online at onlinemedzonline .com - 0 views

Adderall is a drug which is composed of two closely related components - amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. The drug mainly contains amphetamine in the percentage of 25% and dextroamphetamine in th...

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