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Nathan Goodyear

Renin-angiotensin system and cancer: A review - 0 views

www.oatext.com/system-and-cancer-A-review.php

renin angiotensin system cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • crucial role of the RAS in the development and maintenance of cancer
  • kidneys, which produce renin in response to decreased arterial pressure, reduced sodium in the distal tubule, or sympathetic nervous system activity via the β-adrenergic receptors
  • Renin is secreted from the juxtaglomerular cells into the bloodstream where it encounters angiotensinogen (AGN), normally produced by the liver
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • Renin catalyses the conversion of AGN to angiotensin I (ATI), which is quickly cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to form angiotensin II (ATII)
  • ATII triggers the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands, which stimulates reabsorption of sodium and water and thereby increases blood volume and blood pressure
  • ATII also acts on smooth muscle to cause vasoconstriction of the arterioles
  • ATII promotes the release of antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary gland, which results in water retention and triggers the thirst reflex
  • ability of non-CSCs to ‘de-differentiate’ into CSCs due to epigenetic or environmental factors, which further increases the complexity of tumour biology and treatment
  • efficacy of RAS modulators on cancer in both cancer models and cancer patients
  • A localised (‘paracrine’) RAS mechanism has been identified in many types of cancers, and interruption of the control of the RAS is thought to be the basis for its role in cancer
  • Components of the RAS are expressed by these CSCs, supporting the hypothesis of the presence of a ‘paracrine RAS’ in regulating these CSCs
  • Renin is an enzyme normally released by the kidneys in response to falling arterial pressure
  • a study of GBM demonstrating overexpression of PRR coupled with the observation that inhibition of renin reduces cellular proliferation and promotes apoptosis
  • PRR has been found to be vital for normal Wnt signalling
  • A major focus of PRR research is its relationship with Wnt signalling
  • suggest a crucial role for PRR activation on the proliferation of CSCs, possibly via Wnt/β-catenin signalling, leading to carcinogenesis.
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), also known as CD143, is the endothelial-bound peptidase which physiologically converts ATI to ATII
  • ACE is crucial in the regulation of blood pressure, angiogenesis and inflammation
  • results suggest that an overactive ACE promotes cancer growth and progression, and an inhibited or low-activity ACE may have cancer-protective effects
  • When bound to ATII or ATIII it causes vasoconstriction by stimulating the release of vasopressin, reabsorption of water and sodium by promoting secretion of aldosterone and insulin, fibrosis, cellular growth and migration, pro-inflammation, glucose release from the liver, increased plasma triglyceride concentration, and reduced gluconeogenesis
  • ATIIR1 is a G-protein-coupled receptor, with downstream signalling involved in vasodilation, hypertrophy and NF-κB activation leading to TNF-α and PAI-1 expression
  • ATIIR1 has well-documented links with cancer, with one study demonstrating its overexpression in ~20% of breast cancer patients
  • the effect of RAS dysregulation has been associated with increased VEGF expression and angiogenesis in cancers
  • In ovarian and cervical cancer, ATIIR1 overexpression has been shown to be an indicator of tumour invasiveness
  • administration of ATIIR1 blockers (ARBs) have been associated with reduced tumour size, reduction in tumour vascularisation, lower occurrence of metastases, and lower VEGF levels
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 18
     
    Great review on RAS in cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate couples glycolytic flux to activation of Ras | Nature Communi... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...s41467-017-01019-z

cancer glucose sugar nutrition genetics vitamin C RAS

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • glucose deprivation triggers apoptosis47 and vitamin C treatment kills RAS-oncogene expressing tumor cells, but not wild-type RAS containing cells, by inhibition of GAPDH
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Oct 17
     
    New study out of the UK supports the role of glucose in cancer growth and aggressiveness.  This research found that high influx of glucose into the glycolysis pathway upregulated the RAS oncogene via accumulation of the Fructose 1,6 bisphosphonate through the enzyme phosphofructokinase..
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal alterations in rheumatoid arthritis, including the effects of pregnancy. - Pub... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11084945

RA rheumatoid arthritis pregnancy hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    low adrenal hormone output and sex hormone output associated with RA; low adrenal output may pose a more direct effect.  This is likely why pregnancy is associated with a decrease with RA and the postpartum is associated with an increase.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of high dose intravenous ascorbic acid on the level of inflammation in patients ... - 0 views

www.riordanclinic.org/...MRI-v01n02-p26.pdf

RA rheumatoid arthritis rheumatoid arthritis IV vitamin C intravenous IV vitamin C ascorbic vitamin C inflammation autoimmune

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Dec 12
     
    This study, small pilot, showed that they were able to lower inflammation in those suffering from RA, through high dose vitamin C IV therapy. This study stopped at 25 gms. The vitamin C is a scavenger of ROS and ROS stimulates inflammation through NF-kappaB. This is how vitamin C can reduce inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Study Finds High-dose Intravenous Vitamin C Reduces Pain and Inflammation in Those... -... - 0 views

www.prnewswire.com/...inic-scientists-182195661.html

pain inflammation RA rheumatoid arthritis arthritis IV IV vitamin C vitamin C Intravenous vitamin C

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jun 13
     
    High dose IV vitamin C shown to reduce both pain and inflammation in patients with RA.  This study looked at doses only up to 50 grams.  The specific inflammatory marker that this study looked at was CRP and it was reduced on average by 44%.
Nathan Goodyear

Adrenal and gonadal steroid hormone deficiency in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthri... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...8833045

rheumatoid arthritis RA hormones autoimmune disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    Only abstract available here.  Low adrenal hormone output and low sex hormone production associated with increase RA.  Causation not proved here.
Nathan Goodyear

Tumor necrosis factor inhibits conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) to ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15934093

RA rheumatoid arthritis TNF-alpha DHEA hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    TNF-alpha inhibited activation of DHEA in RA.
Nathan Goodyear

http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/38/6/488.full.pdf#page=1&view=FitH - 0 views

rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/...488.full.pdf

DHEA hormones lupus RA inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    Chronic inflammatory disease states, such as Lupus and RA associated with low DHEA.
Nathan Goodyear

Increased estrogen formation and estrogen to androgen ratio in the synovial fluid of pa... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...14719200

RA rheumatoid arthritis estrogen Testosterone inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    high estrogen to Testosterone levels in synovial fluid in those with RA.  The authors here propose that DHEA can stimulate inflammation through aromatase activity.
Nathan Goodyear

New roles for estrogens in rheumatoid arthritis. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...14740444

RA rheumatoid arthritis estradiol inflammation NF-kapppB

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 16
     
    Estradiol appears to be pro-inflammatory in the synovial fluids of men/women with RA.  This appears to be mediated through NF-KappaB.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammation and Sex Hormone Metabolism - SCHMIDT - 2006 - Annals of the New York Acade... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...E0E24C835008D0C03C0F6EB.d04t02

RA rheumatoid arthritis androgens DHT inflammation aromatase

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12
     
    Rheumatoid arthritis would benefit from non-aromatizable androgens (DHT) and from the use of aromatase inhibitors.  This suggests the role of estrogen in the inflammation in those with RA and the anti-inflammatory effect of DHT.
Nathan Goodyear

Full Text: Editorial - 0 views

jrheum.com/...419.html

aromatase activity testosterone estrogen autoimmune disease lupus RA inflammation inflammatory cytokines IL-6 TNF-alpha IL-1 men women hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 12
     
    high aromatase activity and conversion of testosterone to estrogen conversion plays a role in lupus and RA.  Inflammatory cytokines are shown to increase aromatase activity.
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen replacement therapy in male patient... [Arthritis Rheum. 1991] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...1824615

testosterone therapy replacement RA rheumatoid arthritis inflammation inflammatory cytokines male men

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 12
     
    Testosterone replacement reduces inflammation in men with RA
Nathan Goodyear

Abnormal levels of serum dehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, and estradiol in men with rhe... - 0 views

www.jrheum.org/...2338.short

estradiol inflammation estrone aromatase activity aromatization rheumatoid arthritis RA men

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Mar 12
     
    elevated estradiol associated with increased inflammation symptoms in men with RA. Not found with estrone.
Nathan Goodyear

The antioxidants curcumin and quercetin inhibit ... [Inflamm Res. 2006] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16807698

arthritis RA rheumatoid arthritis curcumin tumeric inflammation antioxidants

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13
     
    curcumin again found to be beneficial in RA.
Nathan Goodyear

A randomized, pilot study to assess the effica... [Phytother Res. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22407780

curcumin tumeic RA rheumatoid arthritis arthritis inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13
     
    Curcumin beneficial in RA.
Nathan Goodyear

Cell - Transformed Drosophila Cells Evade Diet-Mediated Insulin Resistance through Wing... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S0092-8674%2813%2900769-1

cancer sugar insulin resistance Ras Src diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 13
     
    Sugar turns on cancer promoting genes Ras and Src.
Nathan Goodyear

Aromatase and regulation of the estrogen-to... [Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24684533

aromatase aromatase activity vitamin D estrone E1 inflammation RA rheumatoid arthritis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Apr 14
     
    Study looked at inflammatory markers in RA.  The authors point to high aromatase activity, low androgens, and elevated estrone in synovial fluid as an indicator of a link between aromatase activity and inflammation production through E1 production.  The authors also point to the 16 alpha metabolite pathway as pro-inflammatory as well.  One very interesting point made by the authors is that vitamin D down regulates aromatase activity.  In addition to NK-kappaB inhibition, this may be another mechanism by which vitamin D reduces inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Abnormal levels of serum dehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, and estradiol in men with rhe... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...14677174

inflammation estradiol estrogen RF RA rheumatoid arthritis men hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 15
     
    Estradiol positively associated with RF in men with RA.
Nathan Goodyear

Salivary testosterone in postmenopausal women with... [J Rheumatol. 1998] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...9632063

salivary testosterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jan 11 - No Cached
  • CONCLUSION: Testosterone in saliva is a useful indicator for monitoring androgenic status in women with RA.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jan 11
     
    saliva testing validated in women with RA
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