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Very nice study.  The authors looked at normal prostate, early disease and late stage prostate cancer.  The authors found that ER beta expression, as a general rule, was lost as progression occurred to the high-grade dysplasias and grad 4/5 carcinomas of the prostate.  Early low/moderate dysplasia was associated with an increase in ER beta--the authors propose that this was due to an attempt of the basal epithelium to counter the paracrine effect of ER alpha.   In contrast, androgen receptors appeared to be equally expressed across all.

Flouride appears to decrease melatonin production from the pineal gland.   Flouride was associated with early puberty and accelerated development

Dated a few years, but good review of systemic treatments for advanced salivary gland cancers...treatment success is limited with systemic therapy and is usually left for recurrence.

Krishna Eye and Ent is one of the best hospital for skull base surgery India. We offer treatment for tumors like pituitary gland tumours, glomus tumors, cerebello pontine angle tumour and treatment for fungal sinusitis, endoscopic csf leak repair.

11beta-HSD type I is highly expressed in liver, adrenal glands, ovaries, and adipose tissue in human immunohistochemical analysis.

Chalazion VS Stye: A chalazion is basically a small lump that becomes visible on the upper and lower of the eyelid. A stye is also known as hordeolum

Study finds salivary cortisol testing is "reliable" measure of chronic cortisol production.  This study found similarity between diurnal cortisol and dexamethasone suppressed cortisol and adrenal gland volume based on literature review.

Interesting animal study found that diabetic animals associated with increased aromatase expression in adrenal cortex, kidneys, and other tissue, androgen receptors were decreased in adrenal glands, and ER-alpha expression in the kidneys was increased by 159%.

Animal study finds that Cadmium is estrogenic.  This study found that not only was Cadmium an endocrine disruptor for the pregnant animals, but was also estrogenic in the mammary glands of the offspring.

Gut microbiota appears to be source of androgen production that originates from the gut.  Who would have thought that the Gut as an androgen producing endocrine gland.

Inflammatory cytokines appear to inhibit hormone production at the levels of the adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries.  This is in addition to suppression at the level of the hypothalamus and pituitary.  One proposed mechanism is via a reduction of sensitivity of the testes to LH.

Selenium is very important in thyroid function, not just Iodine.  Low Se levels significantly correlate with thyroid cancer.

Great review on RAS in cancer.

good review of adenoid cystic carcinoma

Acne commonly named vulgaris, a disorder of hair follicles of the face, back and chest or neck.acne also characterized by blackheads or whiteheads on oily skin (Pimples). Dermatologists find different treatments for improvement of this disorder by regulating oil-producing glands.

A study by scientists in a UK university has shown the scale of the prevalence of a condition that can lead to various cardiometabolic diseases. The study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine journal on Tuesday (January 4) has prompted calls for changes to healthcare policy after researchers revealed, for the first time, the scale of the impact of the condition associated with benign tumours that can lead to type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. Up to 10 per cent of adults have a benign tumour, or lump, known as an 'adrenal incidentaloma' in their adrenal glands which can be associated with the overproduction of hormones including the stress steroid hormone cortisol that can lead to type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. Previous small studies suggested that one in three adrenal incidentalomas produce excess cortisol, a condition called mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). An international research team led by the University of Birmingham carried out the largest ever prospective study of over 1,305 patients with adrenal incidentalomas to assess their risk of high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes and their cortisol production by comparing patients with and without MACS.

progesterone receptor B shown to be required for proper breast development

another awesome article dealing with hormone metabolites. Physicians that don't understand metabolites and receptors may be doing more harm than good.   One of the mainstays of the treatment of metastatic prostate disease is androgen deprivation therapy.  This article requires a reassessment of this due to the DHT metabolite 3-beta androstanediol.  This metabolite is produced from DHT production via the enzyme 3beta HSD.  This metabolite binds to ER beta, an estrogen receptor, and inhibits proliferation, migration, promotes adhesion (limits spreading), and stimulates apoptosis.  This is contrast to 3-alpha androstanediol.  Androgen deprivation therapy will decrease 3-beta androstanediol.  This is the likely reason for the increased aggressive prostate cancer found in those men using 5 alpha reductase inhibitors.

Bisphenol A exposure in utero found to increase prostate cancer risk later in life.  This exposure occurred at typical life exposure levels as found in umbilical cord blood sampling,  This occurred through stem cell self-renewal and progenitor amplification