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trgriffin1

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 1 views

  • Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
    • hansenn
       
      I think students value learning more if they take part in assessing their own learning. Instead of just thinking they were given a grade, they know what they earned and if they reached the learning goal.
    • krcouch
       
      Agreed. Students learn more and care more when they are in charge of your learning.
  • Can help reduce the ‘free rider’ problem as students are aware that their contribution will be graded by their peers.
    • hansenn
       
      Students also get to see examples of what to do and what not to do by looking at their peer's work. I agree students will often try harder if they know their peers will see their work.
    • carlarwall
       
      Sometimes peer motivation is more powerful than any motivation that teachers or other adults can/will provide.
    • jwalt15
       
      Peer motivation is a very powerful tool. Students can sometimes be harder on each other than an adult so that is why it is important to stick to agreed marking criteria so that they stay focused.
  • Students feel ill equipped to undertake the assessment.
    • hansenn
       
      You would have to teach students how to assess the work. I would work through an example with the class before having students grade others.
    • dassom
       
      I agree teaching the students wil help, also providing them with a checklist or specific things to look for would help with this.
  • ...90 more annotations...
  • shirking’ their responsibilities by having students undertaking peer assessments.
    • hansenn
       
      The teacher would explain they are still going to grade the project, but the students are working together to improve the project before it is turned in for a grade.
  • It is considered fair by some students, because each student is judged on their own contribution.
    • hansenn
       
      This is the only way to assess group work, or you will have some students in the group not doing work. Sometimes you have where students do not let others participate.
  • When learners are mature, self-directed and motivated.
    • hansenn
       
      This is the greatest challenge for me teaching Middle School and having them evaluate each others work with maturity and staying focused on student's writing not their personal opinions.
    • jhazelton11
       
      Yes- I worry about this as well in special education. The skill deficits are large, and I worry about how to do this effectively so it's meaningful to both student evaluating and the student's work.
    • dykstras
       
      Amen Noel! I mentioned in a previous post that this is difficult amongst adult learners. Adolescents take this concept to a whole new level .... 180 degrees in the other direction!
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      I think that this can sometime be a challenge with adults as well!
    • carlarwall
       
      I also think this can be a challenge for adults. I know for myself personally, my mindset plays a huge role in my motivation and effectiveness when peer grading.
  • When they self-assessed, these students reported that they checked their work, revised it, and reflected on it more generally.
    • hansenn
       
      The student's final project should be improved if they self evaluate. Students must be motivated to reflect and revise their own work. It is difficult sometimes to even get students to reread their work.
    • dykstras
       
      I also wanted to highlight this sentence. I employ this process in my class, but too many of my students take advantage of it by simply stating 'they understood the material by redoing their incorrect work." I think I need to require the last part ... a general reflection. Tell me what you got wrong, why you got it wrong, and what you did to fix it. Food for thought..
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      What I really like to see is the student who can self evaluate throughout the process. This not only helps them to learn the process, but it helps them to produce a better final product.
    • blockerl
       
      Dykstra, I agree with you. It seems to me that the reflective part is the most effective. I have students do a self reflection edit sheet, but I think if I had them really write a reflection instead, students would take the time to really think about their work.
  • determined that students involved in peer review perform better academically than peers graded only by their instructors
    • lisamsuya
       
      And, isn't that the purpose and job of the instructor to support the academic performance of ALL students.
    • blockerl
       
      I like that it says only by instructors. It is great to have peer review, but it should not always take the place of instructor feedback.
    • stephlindmark
       
      I like that research indicates that peer reviews teach students to perform better academically than graded only by instructors. It supports the peer review and self reflections topics.
  • feedback from an instructor, or mentor that is qualified
    • lisamsuya
       
      This makes sense to me. It is sort of like a coach of a basketball team (especially beginning basketball.) The reason there is a coach is because they have knowledge beyond what the player does and is necessary for the player to grow. I do know that players can learn from each other, but there are situations when the coach or instructor is the expert and students will learn best when evaluated by the instructor.
    • blockerl
       
      Yes! At least in high school, many students need the teacher to provide them with additional feedback.
  • review their own work with an eye for improvement
    • lisamsuya
       
      How do we as instructors help students to understand that revising or self-assessment is just a means towards improvement and not a step to be skipped or resisted?
  • I do not recommend including an option on the peer evaluation for team members to make comments about their peers.
    • lisamsuya
       
      Good to keep in mind.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      Very true. As part of the modeling of peer review is to learn how to give constructive feedback that is not personal. Sometimes easier said than done!
  • Potentially increases lecturer workload by needing to brief students on the process as well as on-going guidance on performing self evaluation.
    • lisamsuya
       
      It seems that in some situations it would be beneficial to take the time to teach students how to self-assess and peer-assess because it would save time in the future so that students ha more than one resource to help them improve.
    • jwalt15
       
      I agree that sometimes the extra time taken to teach self-assess and peer-assess skills can be a life-long benefit because they will be required to do this as an adult. Real world jobs require people to assess their performance and their co-workers performance daily. It is part of being a responsible and respectful citizen.
  • The process has a degree of risk with respect to reliability of grades as peer pressure to apply elevated grades or friendships may influence the assessment, though this can be reduced if students can submit their assessments independent of the group.
    • jhazelton11
       
      I have some students on the autism spectrum who really struggle with this- that people don't like them or are mean or are "stuck up" if they give constructive feedback... accepting criticism is a difficult skill for them.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      Agreed. This even applies to the students that are just awkward and have a hard time interacting with their peers. I think this has to be groups that the teacher initially chooses until the students are comfortable with the process.
  • I believe the learner will benefit far more by completing a self evaluation (that is well crafted to include focused self reflection questions) that forces him or her, to examine how he or she contributed [or did not] to the group process.
    • jhazelton11
       
      Is there a difference between "high achievers" and "not high achievers" here? My experience is often that the high achievers score themselves worse, although they worry about how that will affect their grade. The not high achievers sometimes inflate their score- I'm not sure if they do it on purpose or struggle to self-evaluate. These might just be my own biases, however, and not actually scientific :) I like self-reflection- I think there is meaning, especially if it opens up conversation.
  • There are ways of framing and then using self-assessment that can help students develop that all-important ability of looking objectively at their work and then making changes that improve its quality.
    • jhazelton11
       
      How many times did I read a paper that I turned in from college that had so many proofreading errors? It was obvious I needed to proofread, but often I just wanted to get it done and turned in. Had I been "forced" to self- asses and go back through, I'm guessing my product would have improved. Sometimes forcing the process helps...
  • Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
    • jhazelton11
       
      This seems obvious-- but there's no simple way to do this. Students who take some ownership of their work begin to demonstrate more responsibility in their product, but not everyone will develop this...
  • Focuses on the development of student’s judgment skills.
    • leighbellville
       
      I have included self-assessment in the past, and find it interesting that many students score themselves lower than I would have done; they can be hard on themselves. I have also observed that they do reflect more on their own individual contribution to the overall group product.
  • Furthermore, there are many students that need remedial support in writing and communications skills, some require support in how to learn online, and how to be responsible for their own learning.
    • leighbellville
       
      I think that the Netiquette that we cover during our online classes assists with this piece as well, and this is valuable for any age of learner. Examples can be provided as models for students which will assist them in understanding the expectations.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think this is the key point - clear expectations and consistency.
  • They were required to submit their self-assessments with the completed work, but their assessments were not graded.
    • leighbellville
       
      I have completed self-assessments in past courses in a similar manner. It can be valuable to reflect on one's work and continual improvement. As educators, reflection is a part of our practice every day. I think it is important to provide opportunities for students to see the benefits of self-assessment for the purpose of reflection.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      I think that self assessment is a valuable tool. As an instructor I have looked at self assessments done by students as I grade their work. It is interesting that at times the students are harder on themselves than I would have been when I graded their work.
  • Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • leighbellville
       
      Samples are key to assist students in understanding the expectations; I mentioned this previously in a different article. I have noticed students' writing, for example, grow significantly as a result of frequent exposure to mentor texts and both peer- and self- reflection that was formative in nature. It relieves the pressure, and students begin to see the benefits.
    • carlarwall
       
      Sometimes as teachers we feel that if we give too many examples we are just showing students how to do things and not allowing them to think for themselves. It is all about using the examples for relevance and not images to just copy.
  • estimate what percentage of the work he or she contributed to the project
    • leighbellville
       
      I think having individual students estimate what percentage of the work he or she contributed to the project would be beneficial. It could help with future projects as well, in that the students who do not contribute as much or in a timely manner will be more cognizant of that in the future.
    • Mike Radue
       
      I had not considered this technique previously, that is, having students estimate contribution in terms of percentage. I think that would be an excellent strategy for individuals and team's to understand fact versus perception. I also think that designing group activities effectively helps balance workload evenly amongst participants. The instructional designer has a role in this too. If done properly, the group can still move on with the project should someone not be carrying their load, it becomes blatantly obvious however if a certain portion is not complete or is of lower quality.
  • Portfolios
    • dykstras
       
      This section really got me thinking! My first year teaching I kept every students' assessments in a folder in a file cabinet, thinking their parents would like to see it at conferences, and the kids would like to see it at the end of the year. Little did I know parents didn't care and the kids just threw them away. But now ... with standards based grading, I might bring portfolios back. I have kids go through several 'tiers' of instructions to meet expectations ... but I keep giving them their work back. SBAR is all about evidence ... but i have none. They do it, I modify their grade in the grade book, and give back the evidence. Maybe, just maybe, I should keep it in a portfolio????
    • Mike Radue
       
      I have just begun scratching the surface of portfolios again with my students. For me, the portfolio is about empowered learners and showing evidence of progress. Having students post the drafts of a creative work is a very powerful tool for them and others to see growth. to me, the growth is more important than the finished product. Regarding empowerment, I am finding that the conversations in my classroom are changing. We are migrating away from student submit to classroom to teacher goes to student portfolio website to access work. It's a major shift in thinking and helps the student take more responsibility and ownership for their work and the display of what they've learned.
  • Encourages students to reflect on their role and contribution to the process of the group work.
    • dykstras
       
      Very few jobs require an individual to work alone these days. The ability to work in a group collaboratively is key! Teaching kids how to develop these skills early is essential. Evaluating group work FOR THE GOOD OF THE GROUP is such an important life skill I think!
  • Encourages students to reflect on their role and contribution to the process of the group work.
    • dykstras
       
      Otherwise known as positive peer pressure, which I don't necessarily consider bad. One role as a facilitator in group projects is not not micromanage and assign tasks, but rather let the group dynamics control the situation. Doing a self assessment on ones own contributions as compared to the rest of the group might inspire one to 'step it up.'
  • the quality of comments that he felt was lacking
    • dykstras
       
      It's hard to evaluate or even comment on a peer's work, don't you all agree? At least for me, unless the work is in a field I am comfortable with, Mathematics (or sports), I feel awkward making even required suggestions for improvement.
    • Mike Radue
       
      It is a difficult task. When I'm presented with feedback from a peer, I find myself thinking...well, this is how they would do it...I"m not them. However, if the rubric serves as the official guide, I am more apt to make the changes rightfully so.
    • jwalt15
       
      Comments and suggestions can be difficult to make especially if it is in a content area outside of one's comfort zone. However, I think it is important to read or hear comments from others because it provides a different point of view on a subject. Sometimes people are so familiar with a topic that they assume everyone else has the same knowledge. Peer feedback can help bring reality back to a person's mindset.
    • stephlindmark
       
      I agree with these comments about ones comfort zone. That is realistic I think for most people. But also agree with Mike about if there is a rubric to follow if might make for comments to be a bit easier to make.
  • For peer evaluation to work effectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive.
    • bbraack
       
      Without a learning environment that is supportive, students might not want to say anything that would upset the student being evaluated. Also, when students feel comfortable in the classroom, then they know that comments are constructive and not degrading.
    • srankin11
       
      I agree! This may take time to develop and specific lessons on the expectations of how to give peer feedback. We can't expect students to just know how to do this if they have never been taught.
  • Such self assessment encourages students to become independent learners and can increase their motivation.
    • bbraack
       
      When students take responsibility for their learning and metacognition, they are more likely to be motivated to learn and do more to understand what the learning is about.
  • To help students develop realistic, short-term, attainable goals, instructors can use a framework like SMART goals
    • bbraack
       
      Teachers in my district have used SMART goals when developing their professional goals. I think this would really help students when they are developing a goal for themselves. Instead of just stating a goal, students can see how to make their goal specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound. Students can then lay out a plan to attain all of them.
    • stephlindmark
       
      We use SMART goals with our PLC or CTT's each week with what the teachers want the students to learn. We use SMART goals personally on our PD plans. These SMART goals would be extremely helpful for students to use in their own learning.
  • A product portfolio is more summative in nature. It is intended for a major evaluation of some sort and is often accompanied by an oral presentation of its contents.
    • bbraack
       
      When I taught at the junior high, we used portfolios to show to students parents at conferences. The student would present each item in the portfolio to their parents. I think the students liked showing their parents their work, usually their best work, and the parents enjoyed looking and listening to their child present the contents of the portfolio. I think it made the students feel like they did a good job and proud of themselves for their hard work.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      This is a huge component. In this day in age students need to be able to market themselves to standout from the other job applicants. Portfolios done well can help a student to do this.
    • emmeyer
       
      This is something that is more often seen in college or later high school. Though some elementary teachers use the process portfolio like this during conferences to have students run the conference.
  • Emphasize what students can do rather than what they cannot do
    • bbraack
       
      When we used portfolios at conferences, I think it did make the conference run more smoothly because the student was showing their parents what they have done and have learned. Without portfolios, conferences at times could be a little uncomfortable because the student and the parents were upset because of a bad grade, bad behavior, etc. The conference wasn't always showing what the student was doing right or learning. So, I agree that it does emphasize what the student can do rather than what they cannot do. The student is more motivated to try harder and learn more when they are proud of their work and what they have learned and can do.
    • srankin11
       
      I believe this is such an important statement! Yes, we do need to emphasize what students can do! They are all learning. Some may not be progressing as quickly as others but hopefully they are all learning. Giving students the opportunity to demonstrate their learning in a portfolio can be motivating, especially when they know that others will see it.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I moved to a portfolio assessment for the semester exam last semester and the stress/anxiety level went down because students felt confident in what they knew instead of being punished for what they don't know.
  • The instructor provides a sample writing or speaking assignment. As a group, students determine what should be assessed and how criteria for successful completion of the communication task should be defined. Then the instructor gives students a sample completed assignment. Students assess this using the criteria they have developed, and determine how to convey feedback clearly to the fictitious student.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      This is definitely an example of modeling. The instructor is giving the students and example and then using the criteria that has been developed for the feedback. I think this helps both the student and instructor to catch any issues with the criteria before the assignment is done.
    • krcouch
       
      I love when modeling occurs it really helps with understanding the assignment.
    • carlarwall
       
      I can also see where this could be a good example of scaffolding for students who need extra support with peer evaluation.
  • At first these can be provided by the instructor; once the students have more experience, they can develop them themselves.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      This is a definite example of levels of DOK. Once a student is able to create a rubric on their own the student has moved up on the levels of knowledge.
    • Heather Whitman
       
      I agree Kim. This is definitely high level and pushes people to the next lesson. I think this would create a lot of modeling/scaffodling together to get a product that you would like to see in the elementary. During rubric training years ago, it was always suggested you start with the kids. It is developed together. This would work the same as checklists. I am starting to use checklists a ton more in my classes. Even with 2nd graders...the trick is to get them to internalize it and really use them. I need to model this more.
  • Self evaluation has a risk of being perceived as a process of presenting inflated grades and being unreliable. • Students feel ill equipped to undertake the assessment.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      Many of these disadvantages happen because modeling how it should be done has not happened or happened well enough that the students understood the process. As with anything we want students to do it must be modeled and repeated with the students until the light bulb goes on!
    • dassom
       
      A problem I have with self assessment is sometimes I don't see the errors in my writing. I may write something and wait a few days before I come back to it. If it is a project they have been spending so much time on, they might over look glaring errors just because they've seen them so many times before assessment time.
    • carlarwall
       
      I completely agree that the modeling of these skills is important. We also cannot assume that students will catch on after only one example, some students will need to see the modeling many times over.
  • One of Rees’ comments within the essay “Professors in the trenches tend to hold their monopoly on evaluating their students’ work dearly, since it helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertise,” supports a cognitive and instructor-focused learning orientation. The concept of peer review, which leaves for the most part the instructor out of the equation, aligns with the social constructivist learning orientation. There is strong support in constructivist theories for the peer review which is grounded in student-centered learning where students learn as much from the review process itself as from the final grade on an assignment.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
       
      This is the old archaic way of thinking. One of the old sayings that I remember is that "you are no longer the sage on stage, but a guide on the side" as a teacher. The thinking for some giving up that power or control is very difficult, but it should be what's best for students.
    • Heather Whitman
       
      Reaching all learners is always going to be difficult. As Kim pointed out, not being "the sage on the stage" mentality is important. Then there is reality. Not all teachers/students have the growth set mindset and want to learn for learning sake. I can see how Rees side about peer review doesn't always produce high quality. As we discussed in the last module, modeling and scaffolding is the key to make it work well.
  • A process portfolio serves the purpose of classroom-level assessment on the part of both the instructor and the student
    • srankin11
       
      I believe portfolios are a great way to see student work throughout a unit, semester, or year. I've had students create a portfolio using two different methods -- as a review for a final test using a Google site and for a unit using Google slides. Both worked to demonstrate student learning but I believe I need to continue working on more ideas in this area.
  • Students can become better language learners when they engage in deliberate thought about what they are learning and how they are learning it.
    • srankin11
       
      It seems that we are always in a hurry and need to move on to the next learning target. I do believe it is important to take the time to self-assess and reflect on learning. It's also important for teachers to reflect and self-assess often.
  • The instructor models the technique (use of a checklist or rubric
    • srankin11
       
      For example, as adults we use checklists for this online class to be certain that we complete everything. Our students are busy people learning about several subjects each day. I believe if we can provide students with checklists and rubrics to remind them of where they are at in their learning, it will make the transition better.
  • increase student responsibility and autonomy
    • Mike Radue
       
      I see this as an important issue in the classroom today. Call it what you will...autonomy, initiative, empowered...students taking charge of their own learning is easier said than done. They have to be taught, it cannot be assumed. Unfortunately, learning how to be autonomous is usually accompanied by pain. Pain in the sense that some students won't grasp the concept until they experience failure because no one was there to bail them out in the end. As a teacher, at times, I find myself swooping in to save the day and be the hero...the student's won't learn autonomy until taught how and given the opportunity to be.
    • jwalt15
       
      I agree with you Mike, but I also feel that parents need to be taught to let their student learn autonomy. Failure is not something bad unless it becomes consistent. Learning from one's mistakes is a lifelong skill that everyone needs to learn. Parents need to learn to let students do their own work and learn from their mistakes.
  • students that cannot provide feedback due to the lack of necessary skills, whether it be education background or language.
    • Mike Radue
       
      What I find interesting with this discussion is the amount of time and scaffolding that needs to occur to help students become effective "assessors" both of themselves and of others. Rees points out in his blog how he spends more time teaching skills than he does content. Frankly, to successfully implement peer and self grading you have to commit to it and devote the time necessary to do it right. Teachers that only intermittently and inconsistently use peer/self assessment are often dissatisfied with the results. The problem is they are getting out of it what they put into it.
  • Such self assessment encourages students to become independent learners and can increase their motivation.
    • krcouch
       
      I am a huge fan of self assessment and learning what your students know and may be struggling with.
  • Represent a student's progress over time
  • students are involved in developing the assessment process
  • Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback.
    • blockerl
       
      Students definitely need to trust each other in order to even begin the process of a peer edit. In my Writer's Studio class, there were a couple students who were writing some very personal memoirs. In order to allow them to do that, I did their first peer edit for them. Students need to feel safe when they are writing. Peer editing for those students came for the next writing.
    • Jen Van Fleet
       
      It's awesome that you build your relationships with students and your classroom environment that they are able to share those memoirs even with you. I like how you scaffold the peer review process.
    • carlarwall
       
      This creation of comfort with and between students supports an optimal learning environment for everyone. It will also help each student in feeling like they belong in the classroom.
    • stephlindmark
       
      A safe environment is crucial for all learners and increases the productivity in the learning curve.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I feel like the environment is something I have in place but I haven't built in the routine.
  • Noteworthy was the fact that none of this sample reported having any previous experiences with academic self-assessment. Not surprisingly, they didn’t value their opinions about their work and saw self-assessment as a vehicle for figuring out the teacher’s expectations.
    • blockerl
       
      We always had to self assess our writing assignments in college, and it was a great time to be reflective of my learning and critical of my work. I need to get better at doing this for my students.
  • Agreed marking criteria
    • dassom
       
      By having an agreed criteria like a "checklist" everyone can be a expert in theory. It gives the student a task to complete in something they might not be familar with. Without set criteria your results may also be all over the board.
  • When operating successfully can reduce a lecturer's marking load.
    • dassom
       
      This seems like the obvious reason to add this step into the writing process. There some elements that students are going to catch but by adding the peer element they should be able to catch the "big mistakes" before it is turned in.
  • introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks
  • with instructions that they compare their impressions with other criteria such as test scores, teacher evaluations, and peers' opinions
    • brarykat
       
      I think this portion of the statement is crucial in facilitating student success with self or peer evaluation.  Assigning students to a partner or small groups and saying now discuss and evaluate is not productive.  Providing clear directives and expected outcomes creates the foundation.  Students then need to take the responsibility to complete the task in order for this to be successful.
  • Address improvement, effort, and achievement
    • brarykat
       
      Test scores were the only way to gauge success when I was earning my college degree.  Years later I was intrigued to learn (during my master's program) portfolios had become an expected assessment in higher education.  Daily struggles. illness, and/or tragedies can impact results of a test.  I think portfolios are effective because they can show improvement, effort, and achievement over time.  Some school districts have portfolios that span the student's academic life K-12.  I think depending on the intent they represent the student better than a letter grade.  
    • Jen Van Fleet
       
      Agreed! I even think about the idea of students starting a portfolio in grade school and having it follow them throughout their K-12 education to be given to them as a resume/networking portfolio upon entering the work force or when pursuing programs or further education. I'd rather see someone's portfolio than their score on a test any day.
  • students' progress, processes, and performance over time.
    • nickol11
       
      I feel like this is so important in so many classrooms but especially in a project-based class. I would be curious to see if Moodle and other LMS has a student portfolio section. I know that Schoology does and I am currently getting it ready to use for next year. Students would be able to put projects into a portfolio for a class and/or throughout their four years with myself in art as a final portfolio.
  • involve students in critical reflection
    • nickol11
       
      I feel that this is imperative for us to use to keep students thinking out side of the box and really honing in on other people's opinions or ideas.
  • rame self-assessment as an opportunity for students to reflect on their own work with the goal of learning more, making the work better, and thereby improving the chances for a good grade
    • nickol11
       
      I completely agree with this aspect and really feel like it is a great habit to get into as a teacher as a mid-critique of self or peer evaluated work.This really just gives an opportunity to really push the student learning even further.
  • Over and over again, students rejected their own judgments of their work in favor of guessing how their teacher or professor would grade it.
    • nickol11
       
      I can see this being a larger problem if they are using a rubric and the criteria are not well defined or the students have a poor understanding of what/they are doing what they are doing.
    • staudtt
       
      I can see this. Sometimes students just want to have the teachers tell them specifically what they are supposed to do. Is this a product of being in the system and programmed before they get a chance to self assess?
  • Also, there are other factors that can sabotage its effectiveness, including an assignment that requires a high level of critical thinking skills, or when there are students in the mix that are non-participative, or have intentions that don’t align with the course.
    • brarykat
       
      I applaud Morrison for including this aspect in her article. I think many educators find this to be a challenging issue when implementing peer grading. We can model and facilitate while they are in groups, but disruptive students can unbalance the whole experience.  Willing and productive participants benefit from this form of assessment.  
  • “They cited a lack of motivation and a lack of support for self-assessment among the reasons that ‘we slip.’”
    • brarykat
       
      This makes my educator's heart hurt.  What is happening to our children?  I hear it from my friends with teenagers and "adult-eens", I see it in our students, and weep for parents struggling with younger children… lack of motivation, failure to thrive or even try.  Through discussions with children of all ages I'm disturbed to find many don't want to try because they fear failure.  I'm an intrinsic learner.  My parents had high expectations but also instilled the concept that at the end of the day we are all responsible for our own actions and outcomes.  Slipping is a choice, but I want to continue to be the educator to help students rise above.
  • However this approach runs counter to the principles of individual accountability in group learning….
    • brarykat
       
      I agree. Giving every member in a group the same grade should not be done to make grading easier or take less time for the teacher.  Group work usually produces at least one leader, followers and a few that lag or slack off.  In previous course we discussed ways to help all students be productive, effective members in a group assignment.  I found that information very helpful.  Useful in a classroom setting (face to face or online) as well as with colleagues.
  • this tool is not a constructive venue
    • brarykat
       
      I would hope it is explained to the students if the instructor chooses to use this evaluation.  Emphasze what peers are supposed to be rating group members and themselves can decrease or eliminate negative comments.
    • Heather Whitman
       
      I agree with the focus on constructive feedback; however, I have been on a huge project in coursework and had one person do nothing the bulk of the time. It was very stressful, and the girl that didn't do the work was sweet and person I knew somewhat well. I didn't have the chance to rate our group using a sample like above. I did eventually say something to the professor. I don't know what happened after that. Modeling is the key!
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance. In addition, students' motivation to learn increases when they have self-defined, and therefore relevant, learning goals.
    • Jen Van Fleet
       
      This is also reflected in Hatti's effect size as it pertains to student goal setting.
    • tifinif
       
      Our school is working on this right now. We have a rubric that we are trying to improve on. The specifics are layed out and we can see where we want to go and we know what we have to do to get there. No guessing.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas.
    • Jen Van Fleet
       
      In the NIET rubric for the Assessment indicator, the language for the "rock star" teacher includes providing support for student portfolios.
    • carlarwall
       
      I can see where the goal setting piece mentioned earlier would work well with students creating and collecting artifacts for their portfolio. The goal they create would support them in determining which items they would put in their portfolio and would help them to see growth in their learning toward their goal over time.
    • tifinif
       
      Love portfolios. With Google a student could save work over their school career and evaluate their writing/art/music...whatever to determine what they have improved on.
  • take part ownership of this process.
    • Heather Whitman
       
      When I taught ELA in middle school, I would spend hours providing feedback. Most would throw it away and not even read it as there wasn't ownership on their end or they just did it for the grade. Google docs has allowed feedback to be more timely and allowed personal ownership as well as feedback from other staff and students. The power is the ownership for the student.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I have had some success having students complete anonymous Google Forms - students felt empowered to be honest and I didn't run into issues with students ganging up on one or being mean.
  • Students will have a tendency to award everyone the same mark.
    • staudtt
       
      This can be a major pitfall, especially if students work or peer assess friends. They don't want to bring down their peer or start and argument with a friend.
  • If assessment criteria for each element are set up and clearly communicated, your role will also change to one of facilitator.
    • staudtt
       
      Becoming a facilitator is really the ultimate goal for student based learning. Students gain more ownership of the learning process and hopefully gain better understanding through their increased role in the process.
  • Before this class their self-assessment efforts were “relatively mindless.”
    • staudtt
       
      What this reads like to me is that students need guidance and practice with self assessment before it can be effective or meaningful to them.
  • supports the aim of developing collaboration skills
  • hopelessly naïve to imagine them being able to look at anything beyond the desired grade
    • Heather Whitman
       
      This bothers me a lot. If we have bare minimum expectations and hopes, then we do we get what we deserve? I understand there are students out there doing just that; however, perhaps those same students need the chance to reflect to see that it is not just about their grade. If students do this more and more often in K-12 world, wouldn't it start to become a part of the college world expectation? Perhaps all education levels need to get together to evaluate how to best attack this systemically!
  • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor (this also encourages a deeper approach to learning)
    • jwalt15
       
      A student who is an active participant in their learning will develop a deeper understanding of the content and take more pride in their work. Self and peer assessments take that understanding to another level because students have to think about how to provide feedback and explain their thinking to others.
  • Learners have a developed set of communication skills.
    • jwalt15
       
      Communications skills are very important in any situation. That is why it is so difficult yet important to start teaching communication skills at an early age. The more self and peer evaluating that students do will only help them develop their communication skills.
  • internalize the characteristics of quality work is by evaluating the work of their peers
    • tifinif
       
      I think this would be a great way for students to reflect on their own work, if comparing the same assignment. It would also spur them to go and edit or re-do some of their work to improve.
  • they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment
    • tifinif
       
      I think we all need to learn more of how to be better at monitoring self assessment. What strategies can we give teachers to help them, help students?
  • Engage students in establishing ongoing learning goals and assessing their progress towards those goals
    • tifinif
       
      Using this in data notebooks at our school. kids write the goal and then track thier progress daily/weekly/monthly. It's an easy reminder of what they are working towards.
    • emmeyer
       
      This is an important key in order to allow students to see their growth!
  • students must have a clear understanding of what they are to look for in their peers' work.
    • stephlindmark
       
      I agree that students need that clear understanding and it is necessary for the teachers to be clear with their expectations.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think this is the hard part about peer assessment - I don't think I have ever done a good job of helping them know how to give feedback.
  • rubrics or checklists to guide their assessments
    • stephlindmark
       
      Rubrics and checklists can be beneficial for students. In the next sentence it talks about student making their own rubric. I agree with Kim that that increases the DOK level when students create their own rubric.
  • become more comfortable with each other and leads to better peer feedback.
    • stephlindmark
       
      Teachers need to allow for ample opportunities to provide feedback and teachers need to give feedback to the students' feedback so they know what to improve on. The more they do so the better the peer feedback will be.
  • students step back from the learning process to think about their language learning strategies and their progress as language learners.
    • stephlindmark
       
      This is always a strategy to improve student learning when they are aware of their learning. Metacognition is very important in education.
  • broader self-assessment tools
    • stephlindmark
       
      I am curious and will research what are broader self-assessment tools that can be used for students.
  • Link teaching and assessment to learning
    • stephlindmark
       
      This is important for students to understand there is a connection between the learning and assessment. This makes the learning process more effective for the students.
  • Provides more relevant feedback to students as it is generated by their peers.
    • stephlindmark
       
      Students need relevant feedback to grow in their learning.
  • students assess their own contribution
    • stephlindmark
       
      Self-reflection is beneficial for all learners young and old. It is good for use to do in life.
  • little exposure to different forms of assessment
    • stephlindmark
       
      Teachers need to be aware of this and give the students exposure to different forms of assessment. This also gives more opportunity for self-reflection as was mentioned in the previous article.
  • guidelines were clearly outlined as to how to grade
    • stephlindmark
       
      I would agree that the guidelines need to be clearly outlined on how to grade the essays. This is crucial for the grader and receiver of the grade.
  • Where credit is not granted.
    • stephlindmark
       
      I don't know if I agree with this one. Credit can be given if the teacher is overseeing the grading and reflective on the assignment too.
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • stephlindmark
       
      Students need multiple opportunities to grow in this practice to benefit from it.
  • tool I suggest for evaluating the completed team project itself
    • stephlindmark
       
      I am glad to see that the rubric is a tool that is suggested for evaluation of a team project. I would like to see this used and even take it a step further and have the group create the rubric. This would deepen their learning and understanding.
  • student participates
    • emmeyer
       
      Making sure that the student participates in the portfolio is key to having an effective portfolio. They need to take ownership.
  • rubrics
    • emmeyer
       
      Using rubrics to asses performance is a great way for students to see where they fall and where they need to go next.
  • aware of their learning
    • emmeyer
       
      When Students are aware of their learning, they are more aware of how they need to improve and what they need to do.
  • Preparing students for self or peer assessment
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think this is the most important part of this article - creating a culture and routines where this can happen.
  • The Loafers and Others
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think this goes back to the last article - this is based on a creating the culture and routines. These issues arise if you don't have those things.
  • the ability to self-assess skills and completed work is important
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think this comes from developing a growth mindset and clear expectations and routine.
  • feedback for oneself from oneself
    • trgriffin1
       
      This takes a lot of maturity and practice.
  • self-assessment need not necessarily be about self-grading
    • trgriffin1
       
      The growth that can come from open minded, honest assessment instead of a focus on grades can be huge. This takes a lot of practice for students who are trained on letter grades.
  • what are we evaluating and why?
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think many teachers don't reflect on this question enough. Assessing is a synonym for grading for most people - and you give grades because it is the end of the chapter or unit and not to provide feedback.
  • Effective group collaboration begins with a well defined assignment that has clear goals and expectations.
    • trgriffin1
       
      I think every assessment needs these elements - students need to know what to expect and how they are progressing towards those expectations.
Joanne Cram

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 1 views

  • increase student responsibility and autonomy • strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor
    • Bev Berns
       
      So many times teachers spend too many hours planning a process for students to read a learning target. Each student may choose a varied route to achieve a target, it is up to the teacher to facilitate and support the learning toward that goal.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I'm assuming you meant "reach" a learning target, but if you didn't, I'm chuckling in agreement. I don't think having the class read aloud the target of the day is a great strategy by any means (though one I've observed many times).
  • Students feel ill equipped to undertake the assessment
    • Bev Berns
       
      YES! It takes a significant amount of time to help student understand how to think about their thinking. But, it is time well worth it because student internalize the process an start to add reflective thinking in conversation or as a natural part of their learning.
  • “Put simply, we see self-assessment as feedback for oneself from oneself.”
    • Bev Berns
       
      It is important for me to look for success and opportunities for improvement.
    • jbdecker
       
      What am I doing well and why?  What could I improve on and can I make a plan to get there?
  • ...66 more annotations...
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • Bev Berns
       
      That isn't surprising. Its new and could feel threatening.
    • joycevermeer
       
      I wonder if when initially doing self-assessment if some students would almost feel guilty about assessing themselves too positively....even if they feel they did a really fantastic job. That's where rubrics come in, right?
    • Diane Jackson
       
      I think that's why self-assessment really needs to be explained what it is and how it is going to be used. As students use this more, they will become more confident about assessing their progress.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      My personal opinion: I don't feel this can take place in one class. This is a cultural norm that has to be set up over many years in school.
  • elp students develop that all-important ability of looking objectively at their work and then making changes that improve its quality
    • Bev Berns
       
      This is the life-long skill to develop!
    • joycevermeer
       
      Looking objectively at your own work isn't always easy. Sometimes the more work you put into it the more your think it becomes great and/or the more you struggle with it the more you think it isn't great. Sometimes how objective you are is subjective.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      True. It is hard to separate the quality of the work itself, and the effort you put into the work.
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      These last sentences summarize the article.  Self-assessment does not have to equate with grading.  We need to teach people how to evaluate their own work so that they can make changes for improvement of their work. I feel that at times people are just after the grade.....pleasing the professor....not about learning. 
  • Students individually assess each other's contribution using a predetermined list of criteria.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      It's important to have a "predetermined list of criteria" that has been identified by the teacher. Followed by a practice peer assessment being completed as a group for practice. This will serve as a guide to the student(s) as they begin the peer assessment process for each other.
  • • Focuses on the development of student’s judgment skills.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Developing good judgement skills of a student takes practice and time. Small group work of 4-5 members on a couple of sample assignments will help in learning how to identify and offer good peer assessment.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      The idea of using some sample assignments as a way to help identify good peer assessment is a good recommendation. I don't think students are naturally good assessers, and this requires practice (and scaffolding).
  • 2) When assignments are low stakes
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      I can see peer grading being low stakes in the beginning. However, as students start to become more proficient in their skills the teacher might consider giving them the opportunity to work on a high stakes assignment as well.
  • When they self-assessed, these students reported that they checked their work, revised it, and reflected on it more generally. Before this class their self-assessment efforts were “relatively mindless.”
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Interesting how the students see the value of the self assessment and prior to this class didn't put as much thought into their work.
    • Kristina Dvorak
       
      I agree, I find when I include self-assessment regularly my students are more thoughtful about what they produce.  It is also helpful for me because self-assessment allows students to verbalize their processes.  
  • Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      I agree that if a student knows how to effectively complete a self evaluation of their work then chances are they will be able to work more collaboratively in a group situation.
    • Deb Vail
       
      I think I agree here. I have found that for the most part students are usually honest in a self-reflection, especially if they have to provide specific evidence to support their claims rather than just a number. If the self-evaluation is just a number it is often inflated. 
  • Goal setting Guided practice with assessment tools Portfolios
    • Kristina Dvorak
       
      Key elements of self-assessment to keep in mind.  
  • t is helpful to introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class when you explain the unit of study outline
    • Kristina Dvorak
       
      This sets the tone for the class and helps to avoid some of the disadvantages discussed above.  
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      I think that the steps given in this paragraph are crucial for this process to work.  It is teaching what is expected and guidance how to measure.
  • Rees admitted the guidelines were clearly outlined as to how to grade, and that the grades he received were accurate, yet it was the quality of comments that he felt was lacking,
    • Kristina Dvorak
       
      I have a lot of questions about his process.  Did he provide students with a rubric for grading? Were comments expected?  Maybe students didn't know what to comment on (organization, subject, editing, etc.)  There are a lot of variations that need to be considered.  Also, is this expectation set out at the beginning of the course?  
    • Evan Abbey
       
      These are valid questions. The context could paint an entirely different picture. Hypothetically, though, I can see situations where he would be correct. Commenting can often be lacking, regardless of the strength of the guidelines, given a student's perceptions around how they should critique fellow students.
  • When learners are mature, self-directed and motivated.
    • Kristina Dvorak
       
      Depending on the type of class, peer feedback might not be an expectation of some learners.  For example, in an art course peer feedback is critical, but I wouldn't necessarily want (or expect to give) peer feedback in other courses I have taken.  
    • Evan Abbey
       
      This is very true. Not only subject areas, but different contexts as well. It is harder to be critical when you are simply a classmate; much easier when you are a teammate on a Mock Trial team or a Basketball team, for example.
  • we have a scoring table which where I will evaluate my 3 other group members, and myself
    • scampie1
       
      I guess I would like to know if group members are not alble to resolve problems during the project before it ends. I like the idea of monitoring group chats or discussions and using wikis that allows for some awareness of how groups are working.
  • • Students are involved in the process and are encouraged to take part ownership of this
    • scampie1
       
      If students are involved in determining what they want feedback on and have the opportunity to share what they felt went well, it is more likely feedback from peers will be valued. I have used LASW protocols, for example, and teachers seem to do more collaborative feedback this way. See link: http://www.lasw.org/protocols.html
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance.
    • scampie1
       
      This is a great way to motivate students in a topic. If they can set a goal and you can support them or show how what they are learning will help them meet that goal, students gain in their learning. A bit difficult to do with younger students
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Being able to measure their performance is key. Simply going from a B to an A is a nice goal, but students often don't know how to get there. I had the goal of getting an A in my Renaissance Literature course, and was willing to do whatever it would take to get it, but for the life of me, I couldn't figure out what it would take. The grades were not connected with measurable performance.
    • Joanne Cram
       
      I think that while having goals visible to students to help drive achievement, it is also very effective when those goals are put into measurable conditions that can be graphed and monitored visually. This can be highly motivating.
    • scampie1
       
      When students identify what they did well and what they need to improve, you are provided with information about their understanding of the concepts and criteria.
    • joycevermeer
       
      Yes, the student learns about what the student knows and the teacher learns about what the student knows. It's a win-win situation.
    • scampie1
       
      Specific, measureable, aligned, realistic and timely are parts of a SMART goal if I remember correctly.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      There is some discrepancy. I learned them as Specific, Measureable, Achieveable, Relevent, and Time-Bound. Though I've seen them different in different places.
  • Grading is based on a predetermined process,
    • bgeanaea11
       
      This is important to note- if makes the process clear and meaningful.
  • • Students will have a tendency to award everyone the same mark.
    • bgeanaea11
       
      I feel a clear process and expectations would help with this.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      It can. Though, the term "clear" is not very clear. I've seen peer assessment tasks that are very detailed, but it doesn't mean students can actually provide good assessment. Many see this as something that will potentially make them look bad if they are overly critical... it seems to go against the proverbial Sunday School Lesson of being nice to everyone.
  • This also highlights the need to fully prepare and equip students for their own assessment and for the assessment of others.
    • bgeanaea11
       
      Absolutely!
  • • Agreed marking criteria means there can be little confusion about assignment outcomes and expectations.
    • bgeanaea11
       
      This is key!
  • • Additional briefing time can increase a lecturer’s workload
    • bgeanaea11
       
      As long as it is valuable to the learners I think it should be worth the time;)
  • “The difference between self-assessment and giving the teacher what he or she wants was a recurring theme
    • bgeanaea11
       
      Interesting!
    • joycevermeer
       
      It would be difficult, when you are so used to teachers evaluating your work, to truly assess your own work without thinking about what the teacher might want.
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality.
    • joycevermeer
       
      That teachers share their expectations really makes it self-assessment, not self-grading.
  • There are ways of framing and then using self-assessment
    • ajbeyer
       
      I think this is a good skill not only for the current time and place, but also a skill students can use throughout their life. If they can learn how to effectively and objectively look at their work, they will become better and better at it in all areas of their life.
    • Joanne Cram
       
      I think this is a good case in support of using rubrics- if written correctly, it's a good tool to guide self refelction in a measurable way.
  • The instructor must explain expectations clearly to them before they begin.
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      While this seems obvious and upfront, I can recall some experiences in my undergraduate work where we were expected to complete a peer assessment and this was not at all clear.  It left our conversations to be very dull and not meaningful.  We focused on very superficial things and tried not to say things that would hurt the other's feelings.  If the expectations had been clear it would have made the process much more meaningful.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I think the word "clear" isn't clear. That may be a bit glib, but it is a throwaway statement to say "Your expectations should be clear". Well, no doubt. But how do you know they are clear? Clear to whom? Luckily, the author backs this up with some other paragraphs below... usually authors leave it at that.
  • Portfolios
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      I see more and more reference to portfolios as students and schools move toward a 1:1 computing environment.  However, often I find that the purpose has not been clearly articulated, and the portfolio essentially becomes a collection of student work similar to the scrapbook that my mother made of my school work while growing up.  Placing the focus of the portfolio on either a self assessment of the process or product helps to provide a context and purpose for the practice.
  • • Encourages students to reflect on their role and contribution to the process of the group work
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      I feel that self assessment done well can be extremely valuable for our students.  It focuses the the process of self reflection and forces the student to constantly look back at the criteria listed for the work to be completed.
  • “Professors in the trenches tend to hold their monopoly on evaluating their students’ work dearly, since it helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertise,” supports a cognitive and instructor-focused learning orientation.
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      Unfortunately, this statement rings very true in my personal experience.  The focus of the professors often seems to be to protect their standing as the expert and power holder.  I often wonder if the constructivist centered work that is starting to take place in our K-12 institutions is impacting what is happening at the next level.
  • There are many options still to be explored. Time will tell.
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      With the growth of MOOCs as well as other online learning options I see this as an area that will certainly continue to change and grow over time.  While both peer and self assessment may offer specific challenges in the online course world, I do believe they can have a place in assessment.
  • critically review their own work with an eye for improvement.
    • Travis Wilkins
       
      I think this is a crucial point in the process of self-assessment.  the purpose must be viewed as a process for improvement.  If the objective is complete upon grading, the self - assessment will be of little value.
    • Diane Jackson
       
      I agree that this is a crucial point. It is about the process for improvement. I take classes now for the knowledge not the grade. It puts a whole new spin on the learning and wanting to improvement my practices, etc.
  • identifying any ‘slackers’ or those who sit on the side lines through the entire project, with minimal contributions.
    • Deb Vail
       
      This is so true. I hate to admit it, but I think I was too focused on making sure that the assessment took into account each member's contribution more so than did each student meet the target or goal. I wonder if it's because I was always one of the heavy lifters in all projects. I wanted to be sure that my grade didn't suffer because of those that didn't care. I suspect my approach to assessing group work was influenced unduly by my past experiences as a student than sound pedagogy.  
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      Question: Couldn't the teacher "see" who has participated in the group work by using the instructor's tools for the online platform?  Why use peer assessment for a grade?
    • jbdecker
       
      I see the reasoning behind this peer assessment but I never liked it as a student and I have had a hard time even giving part of a grade on group projects based on peer evaluations so I have generally steered clear of using them in this way.
  • I have mixed feelings about peer evaluations, leaning towards not using peer reviews as part of the assessment strategy. I wonder if the concept of peer evaluation is exclusive to higher education institutions in the USA? In considering the 
    • Deb Vail
       
      I agree. I have never been satisfied with efforts at peer assessment. I love the idea of it, but I never got the desired results. I suspect I did not do enough modeling. 
  • Though, my experience is that the points do not motivate the student to participate in the project on the front end, but more allows the other group members to express his or her dissatisfaction with the other group members lack of participation or cooperation. I do 
    • Deb Vail
       
      I have to agree here. This has more of a punitive feel to it rather than providing an incentive for positive behavior. 
  • A well written rubric not only helps the facilitator score the assignment but it and can greatly increase the quality and effort put into assignments by giving students a clear expectations with knowledge that must be demonstrated.
    • Deb Vail
       
      A well-written rubric provides guidance for what the end result should be, but it doesn't do much to ensure that the group works well together to accomplish this goal. Often, it just indicates what the heavy lifters have to do.
    • joycevermeer
       
      More than anything else I have learned this through this course...that well-written rubrics are so important! I thought that before, but now as we look at self and peer assessment I see it as absolutely critical.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Deb, you really have a good point. Rubrics for group work in of themselves do not ensure that everyone is doing their part.
  • • Students feel ill equipped to undertake the assessment. Preparing students for self or peer assessment
    • Deb Vail
       
      I have found that the more students practice assessing other pieces of writing, the better informed they are as to the what quality work looks like. They are better able to assess it in others' work as well as their own. However, often there doesn't seem to be enough time to devote to this process. It is so worthwhile but very time consuming. 
    • Diane Jackson
       
      I agree with you Deb. It is so worthwhile but it takes time. In order to get better they need practice and guidance. I do think student engagement and responsibility for own learning will outweigh the time involvement in the long run.
  • hange to one of facilitator.
  • the ultimate expression of individualism
    • joycevermeer
       
      n education we are always talking about the individual...doing individual child planning...working individually with students....valuing the thoughts of the individual...etc. This is a good point. Peer evaluation is the ultimate expression of individualism.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I'm not sure I understood what the author was trying to get at with this section. Whether peer evaluation is considered "individual" or "collective" is beside the point to me.
  • “Most group work is assessed by giving every individual the same grade for a team effort. However this approach runs counter to the principles of individual accountability in group learning…. difficult to determine the individual grades for work submitted by the group.”
    • joycevermeer
       
      This is true as well. Maybe peer assessment isn't so individualistic. How can an instructor possibly know exactly how much an individual contributed to the group work. There are ways of making it look like you're a team player, when maybe you aren't....moreso with online learning I would think.
  • a team grade AND a grade allocated for the peer evaluation, the latter usually accounting for a small percentage of the total assignment.
    • joycevermeer
       
      This seems right to me.
  • the ability to self-assess skills and completed work is important.
    • Diane Jackson
       
      This is an important part of career readiness, being able to self-assess. In my work career I am constantly reflecting on my own work, what I need to know more about and how I can improve the process and/or the final product.
  • Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
    • Diane Jackson
       
      If we want students to be engaged and responsible for their learning, self-assessment is a great start. Students monitor their progress and contribute to their learning goals.
  • As this work illustrates, self-assessment need not necessarily be about self-grading. There are ways of framing and then using self-assessment that can help students develop that all-important ability of looking objectively at their work and then making changes that improve its quality.
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      These last sentences summarize the article.  Self-assessment does not have to equate with grading.  We need to teach people how to evaluate their own work so that they can make changes to improve their work. I feel that at times people are just after the grade.....pleasing the professor....not about learning. 
  • Rather than assessing whether the student learned from the assignment or not, this method seems geared to identifying any ‘slackers’ or those who sit on the side lines through the entire project, with minimal contributions.
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      Question: Couldn't the teacher "see" who has participated in the group work by using the instructor's tools for the online platform or asking for entrance into the google doc process?
  • ‘Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      Personally, I like self-evaluation better than peer- assessment.  With peer-assessment, other participants may not know why a peer has not contributed at all or minimally to a group project. Maybe there was a good reason.  Also, I still don't like a group grade. What I have seen is that a few people carry the load of the work.
  • Yet there are times when it won’t work, this is where I agree with Professor Rees, the situations where students do need detailed and constructive feedback from an instructor, or mentor that is qualified.
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      I agree with this statement.  When I am paying for a graduate course, I want feedback from the person who knows more than I know about the subject. Peer review is fine, too, but the instructor needs to step in when information/insight needs to be added to the discussion.
  • t is helpful to introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class when you explain the unit of study outline. This requires taking time at the outset of the group activity or unit of study to discuss what is required, and to provide guidance on how to judge their own and others’ contributions. Students will need to be assisted to develop criteria that match the learning outcomes with regards to the output and process of the group work. If assessment criteria for each element are set up and clearly communicated, your role will also change to one of facilitator.
    • ajbeyer
       
      This is exactly what needs to happen in order for assessment to be outlined explicitly in a class. It's crucial to teach these steps to students in order for the assessmets (both peer and self) are done well.
  • It is helpful to introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class when you explain the unit of study outline. This requires taking time at the outset of the group activity or unit of study to discuss what is required, and to provide guidance on how to judge their own and others’ contributions. Students will need to be assisted to develop criteria that match the learning outcomes with regards to the output and process of the group work. If assessment criteria for each element are set up and clearly communicated, your role will also change to one of facilitator.
    • Lynn Helmke
       
      I think that the steps given in this paragraph are crucial for this process to work.  It is teaching what is expected and guidance how to measure.
  • Students that fell into this group were physically and cognitively lazy, not contributing to the process as required. This phenomenon was referenced in several other research studies within the paper. I suggest another group be added to the mix besides the loafers— students that cannot provide feedback due to the lack of necessary skills, whether it be education background or language.
    • jbdecker
       
      I can see where this could be a major problem in a large open course with peer grading in anonymity.  I don't see the social loafing problem to be one that I would deal with in a online class with 20-30 students using a LMS like Moodle or Canvas where expectations have been set up, models have been provided and scaffolding of skills has been completed prior to a peer evaluation.
  • When learners are at a similar skill level
    • jbdecker
       
      I can see where this could be an issue that an instructor would have to use scaffolding to overcome prior to having the students complete peer grading. 
  • It can also be very effective in small, closed online classes where students are at similar skill level and receive instruction and guidance in how to grade within the process.
    • jbdecker
       
      I guess I should have read this part before I commented above.  I am thinking about this article from my perspective as a High School teacher.  I would never expect to use peer grading without first providing instruction and assessing student readiness to handle the process.
  • It seems like the kind of skill that should be addressed in college.
    • jbdecker
       
      Couldn't it start much sooner than this?  If it is a skill that is acquired with practice and developed with feedback why wait until college? Being able to look at criteria and critically assess your own performance could and should happen much earlier than college.
  • They were required to submit their self-assessments with the completed work, but their assessments were not graded.
    • jbdecker
       
      Requiring students to self-assess and submit it with their work makes so much sense. We work on creating rubrics so that the students know the criteria that they are trying to meet with their performance why wouldn't you require the students to self assess against this same rubric. To be honest though this is something that I have rarely done.  I have reminded students to reference the rubric provided but I haven't let them know early on that they would be required to submit a self-assessment using the rubric.  This is something that I am eager to try with my students in the near future. 
  • that is well crafted to include focused self reflection questions)
    • jbdecker
       
      I like this idea. Have each student provide evidence for the work they have completed in their group.  Providing this self evaluation at the front end of a group project may spur more participation if each student knows they will be responsible for providing answers to these questions to the instructor.
  • Students can also benefit from using rubrics or checklists to guide their assessments
    • criley55
       
      Highly important when having students evaluate themselves or others!
    • Joanne Cram
       
      This also helps students know what is expected of them.
  • For peer evaluation to work effectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive. Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive
    • criley55
       
      I completely agree with this - if it is not an environment of mutual respect, you can't expect that they will give each other honest open feedback. Students will be guarded and not open to others opinions.
  • For example, a student may agree to work toward the grade of "B" by completing a specific number of assignments at a level of quality described by the instructor.
    • criley55
       
      I remember doing these in school and while it is a way for students to consider setting goals, it makes me wonder if it's the best idea because shouldn't all students be aiming for an A?
  • Students do not learn to monitor or assess their learning on their own; they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment
    • criley55
       
      Some students come by this naturally but most need very specific examples and guided practice. There are many students who have never "failed" at anything so wouldn't be able to accurately assess themselves.
    • Joanne Cram
       
      In working with the special education population of teachers and students, this is a key point. If we don't explicitly teach the objectives we hope to achieve, there's a strong correlation for failure.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas
    • criley55
       
      I like the use of portfolios if they are truly a story of the students' work showing growth over time and not just items selected by the teacher to showcase what they think parents want to see.
  • Instructors who use group work and peer assessment frequently can help students develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term.
    • Nicole Wood
       
      I definitely feel that peer assessment can be powerful, but only if students are taught the process and given opportunities to practice with teacher guidance. Student comfort level and trust in their group are also key. I think it takes the teacher carefully considering personalities and ability-level while also supporting teams to establish these groups. I also like the idea of students staying with the same team all year to help establish this comfort level. I would be interested to see different models of what peer assessment looks like in primary grades.
  • In addition, students' motivation to learn increases when they have self-defined, and therefore relevant, learning goals.
    • Nicole Wood
       
      I do believe that goal setting is motivational for students. I found even in the primary grades students took more ownership in their learning when they set their own goals. They often needed support with forming SMART goals, but the idea came from them and they felt confident talking about their goal.
  • students are looking at their work and judging the degree to which it reflects the goals of the assignment and the assessment criteria the teacher will be using to evaluate the work
    • Nicole Wood
       
      I found students frequently put more effort into their work when they knew they would be self-assessing. By providing them with the rubric or criteria that I would be evaluating their work with and having them complete it first, they were much more focused on the quality of their work. In the primary grades, it could be as simple as a check list with pictures to prompt them for what to look for in their work. It also opened the door for discussions on their work because I could ask them how they came up with their marks.
    • ajbeyer
       
      I think that a lot of times, students can be harder graders on themselves than a teacher is on them. They have gone through the ups and downs of the assingment and know where they weak points are. The hardest critic is always yourself.
  • The instructor usually takes the average of the peer evaluations, and shares this grade with each team member which serves as the student’s grade in the peer evaluation portion.
    • Nicole Wood
       
      I was initially very hesitant over the idea of peer evaluation, but did like the idea of the evaluations being averaged and anonymous. I still feel as though instructors could get a good idea of the participation level for different members through the use of some online tools.
  • The tool also encourages the student to consider actions that he or she demonstrated to support the team and to estimate what percentage of the work he or she contributed to the project.
    • Nicole Wood
       
      I really like the idea of self-evaluation, especially for adult courses. I often feel that adults typically are truthful about their level of contribution. If the evaluation form or reflection is phrased well, it can also lead the adults to be more honest about what they actually contributed to the group project. Self reflecting also can help them change their future behavior within group projects.
  • Portfolio assessment emphasizes evaluation of students' progress, processes, and performance over time
    • ajbeyer
       
      Portfolio assessment is a great way for students to gain a better understanding of what they have learned and their progress over time. It's better than a 1 time snapshot test assessment. It's a great way for students to see that progress has been made.
    • Joanne Cram
       
      A portfolio is only as effective as the instructor makes it. If it is just a means of " turning something in"- then it will not be valued, utilized, nor looked at by the student. If a portfolio is used as a basis for comparison of learning and progress made, it can be highly effective.
  • Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant
    • ajbeyer
       
      I know that I benefit from seeing what is effective and what is not effective, so I am sure students are the same way. It helps me realize to what level I need to work and what is expected of me. Showing students good and not good examples can also help them review their orwn work better too.
  • Group work can be more successful when students are involved in developing the assessment process.
    • ajbeyer
       
      When students are involved in their grading process they feel like they have a stake in it. When they feel like they have a part of it, they feel like they need to achieve higher in order to meet the stakes they have helped set. They can be very good, but not used all the time.
  •  
    " increase student responsibility and autonomy * strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes * lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor"
  •  
    " increase student responsibility and autonomy * strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes * lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor"
Dennis OConnor

Googlios - 1 views

  • Welcome to "Googlios" where free Google tools meet ePortfolios.   This site is intended to be a collection of resources for those interested in using ePortfolios in Education.  Watch the 2 minute Intro video here
  •  
    Many of the participants in the UW-Stout E-Learning and Online Teaching Graduate Certificate Program use Google Sites to create their e-portfolios.  The portfolios are created and used throughout the program. During the practicum, when students become teachers by teaching in one of our graduate classes, they also refine and polish their portfolios. Ultimately the online portfolio becomes a job search tool that helps our graduates show a potential employer what they know. 
rhoadsb_

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 0 views

  • The instructor must explain expectations clearly to them before they begin.
    • kmolitor
       
      I think this is such an important piece of peer assessment. Students need to understand what they are doing and providing a model of it can certainly help.
    • tmolitor
       
      I couldn't agree more. It is so important that everything is laid out clearly for the students before beginning anything.
    • mschutjer
       
      I too agree. This is a process and getting middle school students to do this constructively can be challenging.
  • Students can also benefit from using rubrics or checklists to guide their assessments
    • kmolitor
       
      Providing a rubric to students is a great way to help them peer assess, but it will definitely need to be written in student friendly specific language.
    • chriskyhl
       
      I agree Kelley. This is an extremely important thing for student feedback and if done correctly will lead to better student performance
  • develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term
    • kmolitor
       
      Trust is such an important piece to giving peer feedback. Putting these groups together early and working on building those relationships prior to assessing will help the students give honest and constructive feedback.
    • mschutjer
       
      Sometimes I wonder at what age students will begin to take this seriously, and not just go through the motions.
  • ...77 more annotations...
  • In addition, students' motivation to learn increases when they have self-defined, and therefore relevant, learning goals.
    • kmolitor
       
      This makes so much sense. If we have students develop goals for their courses and have them frequently reflect on those goals it would help increase their motivation.
  • Portfolio assessment emphasizes evaluation of students' progress, processes, and performance over time.
    • kmolitor
       
      Using portfolios with students is great. Students have the opportunity to see their progress over time and can make adjustments as needed. I think adding a place where they can look at their goals in their portfolio would be beneficial too.
    • chriskyhl
       
      Think this is something I am going to try next year in classes is to have students build an online portfolio for each of my power standards to show mastery
    • mschutjer
       
      This is a great idea, but so very hard to maintain.
  • Represent a student's progress over time
    • zackkaz
       
      I like this idea of progress over time. Especially in an online learning atmosphere it encourage time management, and not procrastination.
  • • Students will have a tendency to award everyone the same mark.
    • zackkaz
       
      This is certainly a problem I run into with peer and group evals during projects. Students give everyone a 5/A in every category when it is patently false. Anyone have any solutions to solving that issue?
    • cathy84
       
      I have always had the same struggle. Feedback from each other just wasn't helpful most of the time.
  • provide quality feedback that can help students develop their writing and critical thinking skills.
    • zackkaz
       
      In terms of very high level education he may be correct, but when talking about materials we work with he is both right and wrong. I think it is important to remember that we are also learning from our students as well, and they may the a voice that is different, but fits the tone/time/assignment better than what we traditionally expect.
    • Wendy Arch
       
      The prompts also impact the feedback. If students are given extremely vague prompts, they won't be able to give accurate or usable feedback. However, if the prompts are aligned and geared to a student level, then the feedback will be more usable.
  • MOOCs that are not for credit
    • zackkaz
       
      What about grades not existing at all as Mr. Abbey has suggested?
  • own expectations.
    • zackkaz
       
      Life long learners! I never do it, but I should students's their goals in the class, unit, assignment, etc. I always think it will be a great idea but never get around to practicing it.
  • .
    • zackkaz
       
      Just curious if there is any research over non collegiate/PD courses. I would like to see the effectiveness of this with HS/MS aged students. Just curious.
  • include establishing their own assessment criteria through consultation with teaching staff
    • robertsreads
       
      I am a big fan of having students help develop their own rubrics, especially at the high school level. It helps them to be thoughtful about what they need to learn, and it gives them much more skin in the game.
  • Address improvement, effort, and achievement
    • robertsreads
       
      This is one of my favorite parts of a portfolio. It really allows students to look back and see how much they have grown over a semester/year/their high school career. It makes the hard work worth it when a student sees that it is making a big difference.
  • When learners have experience in learning and navigating within a networked setting [if the review is completed in an open and online setting].
    • robertsreads
       
      At the high school level, we work very hard with students to develop the vocabulary for giving meaningful feedback. I like to have a list of prompts they can use to start, and also a list of things they can and should look for.
  • These students reported that their ability to self-assess depended on knowing what the teacher expected
    • robertsreads
       
      It is impossible for a student to know if they have done well, if the teacher has not explained the targets the student should be hitting. They must know what is expected of them before they can be expected to assess themselves.
  • Rather than assessing whether the student learned from the assignment or not, this method seems geared to identifying any ‘slackers’ or those who sit on the side lines through the entire project, with minimal contributions.
    • robertsreads
       
      This is one of the truest things I have ever read.No matter what the level, it is frustrating when one perceives some group members as not doing their best or not participating, especially if one's grade depends on said participation.
  • One way to begin the process of introducing students to self-assessment is to create student-teacher contracts. Contracts are written agreements between students and instructors, which commonly involve determining the number and type of assignments that are required for particular grades
    • mgast40diigo
       
      I like how this focuses on the student. Having some ownership and feedback from the instructor can be powerful. Plus contracts are relevant in the real world.
    • mistermohr
       
      While I understand the premise, I struggle with classroom contracts. They are frivolous...they really mean nothing. It downplays real contracts which have implications.
  • Emphasize what students can do rather than what they cannot do
    • mgast40diigo
       
      Very important for student confidence. I have a tendency to focus on improvement with my students and not enough on what they are doing correct.
  • Group work can be more successful when students are involved in developing the assessment process.
    • mgast40diigo
       
      What a great way to involve the students and see what criteria is important to them. They would become more active in the learning process and better results should follow.
    • mistermohr
       
      No kidding! Think of all the time teachers spend outlining the essential criteria. We can put some of this in the students court, especially is it helps the success of teaching some soft skills, working as a team.
  • More often, however, students spoke of the tension between their own and the teacher’s expectations. … Over and over again, students rejected their own judgments of their work in favor of guessing how their teacher or professor would grade it.”
    • mgast40diigo
       
      How do you get students to overcome this?
  • How it works – each group member completes an evaluation on his or her team members which is then submitted to the instructor. The instructor usually takes the average of the peer evaluations, and shares this grade with each team member which serves as the student’s grade in the peer evaluation portion.
  • Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component.
    • mgast40diigo
       
      I agree. Most students are critical of their own work. They will be honest and upfront. The thing to be careful about is to make sure they explain themselves and not just give a grade. Self reflection is the highest form of accountability.
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      I think there is a lot of power in metacognition. Giving people the space to think about their thinking and evelaute their own choices...can lead to a lot of growth.
  • To help students develop realistic, short-term, attainable goals, instructors can use a framework like SMART goals outline shown in the popup window
    • tommuller4
       
      I think short-term goals are essential for students to track their success and stay focused on the goals. They should probably set new goals for every chapter/unit.
  • Students do not learn to monitor or assess their learning on their own; they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment.
    • tommuller4
       
      The idea of students assessing and monitoring their own learning will be something totally new for most students. They will need help from teachers and some time to learn this process.
    • mrsmeganmorgan
       
      I agree. Assessing and monitoring learning only happens when students are explicitily taught the skills. Often it may have to be done many times and situations before students do it on their own.
    • chriskyhl
       
      This is an interesting topic and something I haven't tried with my students. I think as you both brought up would need some practice but agree it would be a powerful tool for self assessment
  • The student participates in the selection of portfolio content, the development of guidelines for selection, and the definition of criteria for judging merit
    • tommuller4
       
      I like to idea of the student determining what goes in their folders, it gives them some power over their own learner.
    • tmolitor
       
      I agree, it always seems to be best for students when they feel like they have a say in what they are doing.
  • The instructor provides a sample writing or speaking assignment. As a group, students determine what should be assessed and how criteria for successful completion of the communication task should be defined.
    • tommuller4
       
      I think its a good idea for the students to see sample work and talk about how to assess it and criteria they think is need to successfully complete the assignment.
    • mschutjer
       
      A great idea. the samples and practice we can give students the better off they will be.
  • Represent a student's range of performance in reading, writing, speaking, and listening as well as cultural understanding
    • tommuller4
       
      Think its a good idea to have variety of things in the students portfolio so we can see the range of students work and also how much progress the student has made.
    • mschutjer
       
      this too is a good idea!
  • peer or in a small group
    • sjensen21
       
      Conversations can help students solidify and internalize their thinking.
    • tmolitor
       
      Exactly, that think-pair-share strategy or anything that gets students talking with other students can be really beneficial for them.
  • peer pressure
    • sjensen21
       
      This is a very real issue. Students can feel pressure to elevate a friends grade out of a sense of loyalty.
    • alisauter
       
      I see this as being less of a problem with students who don't visit campus at all. They may not know many peers.
    • mistermohr
       
      Ali - Good point! This is a benefit of online courses vs. face to face. Most LMS's have a integrated tool that allows for peer assessment as well.
  • similar skill level
    • sjensen21
       
      This may be difficult to determine especially early in a course.
  • very clear and explicit.
    • sjensen21
       
      As in, using a rubric!
  • This is my preferred approach
    • sjensen21
       
      I agree. It seems more balanced.
  • deliberate thought about what they are learning and how they are learning it.
    • kylelehman
       
      Again, I think self-assessment is key. As we move towards SBG, I have built in self-assessing on almost everyone on of my rubrics in order to see where a student thinks they are v where I think they are.
    • mschutjer
       
      I love the idea of self assessment and once students grab onto it I know they see its effects as well.
  • Students individually assess each other's contribution using a predetermined list of criteria. Grading is based on a predetermined process, but most commonly it is an average of the marks awarded by members of the group.
    • kylelehman
       
      I always struggle with peer grading. I feel as if the students are never "hard" enough on other students the way that I would be when I am grading as a teacher. With that said, I think that if you build in norms and go over things as a class so they can see how you would do it, it may help.
    • chriskyhl
       
      I dont think I would use this exclusively but think peer evaluation is a good measuring stick of both the grader and gradee's understanding of the material
  • introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class
    • kylelehman
       
      I think this is key for class and for students to be able to see what they are being assessed in. What is the secret? Don't we as educators want our students to do well? I have been in the process of making posters for each of my classes and units that I hang up when we start a new unit. These posters have the standards, main ideas, and key assessment strategies.
    • barbkfoster
       
      I think all too often we are so concerned with "covering the material" that we don't take the time to front load a unit (or the school year). If we want our students to be successful and feel good about their learning, we need to make sure students know what is required from the very beginning.
  • self-assessment as an opportunity for students to reflect on their own work
    • kylelehman
       
      Wow, I couldn't agree more. I don't want students to grade themselves because they won't grade themselves the same way that I will. However, I would direct them to self assess and use the same rubric the way that I would in order to build on the ideas that I am looking for and how they can better themselves.
  • I have mixed feelings about peer evaluations, leaning towards not using peer reviews as part of the assessment strategy. I wonder if the concept of peer evaluation is exclusive to higher education institutions
    • kylelehman
       
      I agree. I have tried full on peer assessing in high school before and it never really works the way I want them to
    • cathy84
       
      Agreed
    • cathy84
       
      I struggle with this concept. How do students know the qualities of effective persuasive writing, for instance?
  • Guided practice with assessment tools
    • cathy84
       
      Perhaps if I spent more time doing this, I would have had more success with student self and peer edits. It's interesting, though, that my daughters felt the same way about peer editing in their HS classes. They always felt they lacked any helpful input. In fact, they felt peers were marking things they completely disagreed with. I just don't know how to make peer editing of upper level writing better.
    • cathy84
       
      This has been my experience over 27 years in education as well.
  • There is strong support in constructivist theories for the peer review which is grounded in student-centered learning where students learn as much from the review process itself as from the final grade on an assignment.
    • cathy84
       
      Again, I am a skeptic with constructivist theory
  • hough at the conclusion of their research they determined that students involved in peer review perform better academically than peers graded only by their instructors
    • cathy84
       
      Well, that is good to know!
    • mistermohr
       
      I think this is an important point! It doesn't really matter how we feel about it, research shows that peer review do better so it should be case closed, we should use it. I would like to know the corroboration of this by other studies.
  •   Learners have a developed set of communication skills.
    • cathy84
       
      makes sense
  • Use a Rubric
    • cathy84
       
      This was successful for me when grading group projects...especially performance-based projects like one-act play performance.
  • Such self assessment encourages students to become independent learners and can increase their motivation.
    • mpercy
       
      This is a great accomplishment for any teacher!
    • mistermohr
       
      no joke, I feel that this can happen when students see them working towards a goal that isn't "just for the teacher"
  • Students may be reluctant to make judgements regarding their peers.
    • mpercy
       
      This would go back to the culture in the classroom. Students would need to feel safe about expressing their thoughts about others' work and also receiving feedback about their own work.
  • students assess their own contribution
    • mpercy
       
      Is there any risk of privacy laws when allowing peer assessment? I don't share the grade of one student with any other student. Would peer assessment violate this? If it does, self-assessment would be a better option.
    • chriskyhl
       
      Interesting question never thought of it that way......would be interesting to look at research
  • it requires a specific set of learning conditions to be present in order for it to work as intended.
    • mpercy
       
      How often would we see these learning conditions be present in our classrooms and peer grading considered effective?
  • the learner will benefit far more by completing a self evaluation
    • mpercy
       
      I like the use of self evaluation if you can get students to take it seriously. I am a little wary of peer evaluation because I don't think all students will use constructive criticism.
  • it helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertise,
    • Wendy Arch
       
      Or is it because it allows them to know whether or not students are getting the material? Yes, some teachers are power hungry and on constant power trips with grades, but if we aren't readily and regularly assessing and providing feedback, how do we know for ourselves whether or not students are learning?
  • Every time I did get a comment, no peer ever wrote more than three sentences. And why should they? Comments were anonymous so the hardest part of the evaluative obligation lacked adequate incentive and accountabilit
    • Wendy Arch
       
      Using different online tools such as Turnitin.com allows students to remain anonymous to peers but teachers can see who reviewed whom and what kind of feedback they left. This could provide more incentive to provide better quality feedback. If students know teachers will look back through what they wrote, then they might be more conscientious about it.
  • Students that fell into this group were physically and cognitively lazy, not contributing to the process as required. This phenomenon was referenced in several other research studies within the paper.
    • Wendy Arch
       
      This isn't just a feedback issue though -- this is a systemic issue throughout education. The "loafers and others" will do the bare minimum on any assignment, so to use that as a reason to not use peer feedback is a moot point.
  • help reduce the ‘free rider’ problem
    • mrsmeganmorgan
       
      I think the more we can do to decrease the free rider situation the better.
    • chriskyhl
       
      Totally agree! Find this is true even with adults in other classes I have taken in the past
  • 4) When learners are mature, self-directed and motivated.
    • mrsmeganmorgan
       
      This is an interesting statement when we start to think about this in K-12 situation. Can we describe the typical student in those terms?
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • mrsmeganmorgan
       
      This especially important when it is linked with the findings in paragraph five. Student need this information.
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      I agree. This aligns nicely with what was said in the previous article..."Why and When Peer Grading is Effective for Online Learning"...It can also be very effective in small, closed online classes where students are at similar skill level and receive instruction and guidance in how to grade within the process.
    • barbkfoster
       
      This also ties in closely with our lesson on modeling. For many students it helps them to understand what a teacher is looking for and what "great work" looks like. Likewise, it is also helpful to show students examples of work that doesn't meet the requirements.
  • 3 main grading strategie
    • mrsmeganmorgan
       
      I am really frustrated with the following section. It's like they equate grades with learning. This completely ignores the learning process.
  • hen students are involved in developing the assessment process.
    • nealjulie
       
      I agree with this statement. The power is in students evaluating their own work.
  • strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes
    • nealjulie
       
      This is what teachers really want to strive for, a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
  • passive learner to active leaner
    • nealjulie
       
      I like this statement too, we want students to be active learners.
  • inst if students ‘gang up’ against one group member
    • nealjulie
       
      Yikes! I hope a teacher could control this!
  • Self evaluation has a risk of being perceived as a process of presenting inflated grades and being unreliable
    • nealjulie
       
      I could see this happening. That's why things need to be laid out and other uses of evaluation should be in place as well.
  • Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
    • alisauter
       
      If this isn't "required" I don't see many students wanting to do this. It is a struggle in F2F classes. Maybe in an online setting it would be better for some?
  • Students may have little exposure to different forms of assessment and so may lack the necessary skills and judgements to effectively manage self and peer assessments
    • alisauter
       
      This is such a mountain to climb, but if more F2F classes do this, then perhaps it will be easier in online classes and vice versa.
  • Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback.
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      Climate and culture is important when asking students to engage in peer assessment.
  • here may also be a perception amongst students that the academic is ‘shirking’ their responsibilities by having students undertaking peer assessments.
    • alisauter
       
      We have had this perception with Blended and Flipped learning with some of our students and parents. We quickly learned that educating the stakeholders is important.
    • barbkfoster
       
      You're absolutely right! Students and parents alike feel that it is the teacher's job to deliver the content and the teacher's job to assess student work. Helping both parties understand the WHY is so important!
  • practice session
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      Modeling and practicing feedback is critical. Otherwise it is very easy for people to provide very surface level feedback that doesn't give the learner much to go on in regards to improving. The learner gets frustrated because the information isn't usefule and the person providing the feedback because they don't see any changes.
  • When operating successfully can reduce a lecturer's marking load.
    • alisauter
       
      It does, but obviously from the Disadvantages below, it doesn't. What is the balance?
  • It can also be very effective in small, closed online classes where students are at similar skill level and receive instruction and guidance in how to grade within the process.
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      I think that providing instruction and guidance in how to peer grade is key to ensuring that peer grading has meaning to the person receiving the grade.
  • rubric not only helps the facilitator score the assignment but it and can greatly increase the quality and effort put into assignments by giving students a clear expectations with knowledge that must be demonstrated.
    • Deborah Cleveland
       
      Rubrics can set expectations for assignments and define quality.
  • informs the teacher about students' thoughts on their progress,
    • tmolitor
       
      I think this piece is also really important. As a teacher it's easy to look at only the stuff student's submit, without knowing what they think about their own progress.
  • Allow for assessment of process and product
    • tmolitor
       
      I think the process is almost more important than the final product in everything that you do. I like that this mentions the process, and the product.
    • mschutjer
       
      All are great ideas and good practice
  • be aware of their learning
    • mistermohr
       
      Monitoring your own learning is the most important skill that we can help students learn.
  • goal of learning more
    • barbkfoster
       
      I feel we need to change our culture from that of earning good grades to one of learning. We will spend our whole lives learning, unlearning, and relearning. To be successful at anything we need to learn the skill of self-assessment - am I doing what I need to be doing? The world is ever-changing and we need to figure out how to make it (and ourselves) better. We can help young people do this by helping them learn to self-assess in school.
  • assessing their progress towards those goals
    • barbkfoster
       
      We have talked about using a portfolio to conduct student-led conferences with parents and teachers. Our current PT conference protocol is out-dated in this day of emails and online gradebooks. I think it would be awesome for students to choose student work that shows their progress toward course goals.
  • the lack of necessary skills
    • barbkfoster
       
      Is this a valid concern? How can my struggling students provide feedback to peers if they lack the necessary skills? How can a struggling writer give useful feedback to a peer who is a better writer?-- Just playing devil's advocate ;) Still a good question to think about in order to justify the use of peer assessment.
  • One of the ways in which students internalize the characteristics of quality work is by evaluating the work of their peers.
    • rhoadsb_
       
      Peer evaluation is a great way for students to cognitively grasp the material.
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance.
    • rhoadsb_
       
      Goal setting is one our standards and greatly enhances student motivation to achieve on the fitness tests.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas.
    • rhoadsb_
       
      We are currently having our PE students create an ePortfolio in Canvas that will follow them K-12 and serve as a final artifact for them as a senior.
  • Engage students in establishing ongoing learning goals
    • rhoadsb_
       
      This is one of the main objectives with the ePortfolio, as it will guide our students down a path of personalized learning to achieve their goals.
tkofoot

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 1 views

  • One of the ways in which students internalize the characteristics of quality work is by evaluating the work of their peers. However, if they are to offer helpful feedback, students must have a clear understanding of what they are to look for in their peers' work. The instructor must explain expectations clearly to them before they begin.
    • jnewmanfd
       
      The whole time I was reading this article, I was thinking, but I never get it to work the way I want it. Then, as I was scrolling, I came back to this beginning statement. I think this is the real key that often gets lost. Every time I have had students do a peer assessment, I don't how clear I was on teaching students how to do it. I'm not sure I was clear enough on the look fors and the expectations.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas. The student participates in the selection of portfolio content, the development of guidelines for selection, and the definition of criteria for judging merit. Portfolio assessment is a joint process for instructor and student.
    • jnewmanfd
       
      I have recently been looking into this idea. I really like the idea of students selecting what they think is their best work and uploading it to a portfolio. Then the student would have to explain how their artifact shows their understanding of the standard. I think it will make students much more invested in their learning, knowing they would have to explain how it matches a standard later. I had a college class where we had to select work and upload it to an online portal and describe how it was evidence of our learning. It made me much more aware of what I was doing, knowing that I had to justify it in the end.
    • jhatcher
       
      I like this idea. I use to have students create file folder portfolios but an electronic portfolio is very easy. I like the idea of having them write how the artifacts shows their understanding of the standard. We need anything we can to help them CARE and be motivated to learn.
    • bhauswirth
       
      Student portfolios were a hot topic when I first got into teaching. It was this awesome thing where all of the students work is placed, reflection of learning, and posted for all to see. This is still a great idea... plus I love how it shows the students where you started, all the hard work, and where you are at now.
  • Students may have little exposure to different forms of assessment and so may lack the necessary skills and judgements to effectively manage self and peer assessments. There may also be a perception amongst students that the academic is ‘shirking’ their responsibilities by having students undertaking peer assessments. I
    • jnewmanfd
       
      I have seen this with my own students. They often don''t like having to self assess as they see it as my responsibility. Like the softchalk lesson says, they have been schooled not to. I think they also don't see the real value. We tend to communicate to students that the work is for a grade not for learning. I think this is a huge cultural shift we need to make. Somehow we need stakeholders in education to understand that it is the learning that matters not the grade. I realize that we all think that, but how do our practices show that belief?
  • ...23 more annotations...
  • “Professors in the trenches tend to hold their monopoly on evaluating their students’ work dearly, since it helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertise,”
    • jnewmanfd
       
      So I don't know if this is the best reflection to make here, but when I read this, a thought came to mind. A few years ago I was taking a class taught by Brian Hand (educational researcher). He asked us on day one, who was in charge of the learning in your classroom. Most of us said, we are. His reply (and I don't mean to be crude)"...and that's whats %$#@ wrong with education. You're students are in control of the learning, even if you aren't aware of it or want it that way." It was a bit abrupt. As it was the first time I've ever been sworn at in PD, I always remembered it. I also think that it's spot on. I don't own the learning as I don't chose who actually learns it. For learning to occur, I need to create a culture where students are in control of their learning. I think otherwise the best we can hope for is compliance. Which isn't the same thing.
  • type of evaluation is to give students a practice session with it
    • bhauswirth
       
      Always great to practice and model what the students will be doing.
  • students develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term.
    • jhatcher
       
      I have to help students build trust because they are nervous to be completely honest. They have a lot of social and confidence issues that can get in the way of great peer editing. If keeping them with the same partners for a given amount of time will help, it makes sense to do it. I will try this next year.
  • It is helpful to introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class when you explain the unit of study outline.
    • jhatcher
       
      This is easier when we use the Backward Design method to plan our lessons. It should be very easy to share the outcomes and features of the assessments as we teach. I can see how this would be very helpful for the students and their reflections of their learning.
  • The break down in peer grading occurs when the learning environment cannot provide the conditions as mentioned above.
    • jhatcher
       
      I can see some of these factors are not being met in my classroom when I have peer editing or peer feedback assigned. Some of these factors will be hard to reach which is depressing.I think with practice, explaining expectations, a positive culture for my students we can overcome many of these factors but not all.
  • Over and over again, students rejected their own judgments of their work in favor of guessing how their teacher or professor would grade it.” (p. 168)
    • jhatcher
       
      I think this possibly comes from students experiencing many school years of teacher's not valuing their opinions. We have not asked students what they think about their learning near enough.
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • jhatcher
       
      I keep seeing this throughout my Ollie and Blended Learning classes! It is important and I will do more of this in my teaching next year.
  • Students do not learn to monitor or assess their learning on their own; they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment.
    • Val Rosenthal
       
      I have this conversation with students so they can self evaluate if they know what their supposed to know. I often find that students are waiting for the teacher to tell them rather than figure it out. So it is one of my goals to design ways that students will self assess on their lessons.
  • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor
    • Val Rosenthal
       
      It is important for students to become active in their learning and to not just sit there and be spoon fed by the teacher. If the student is involved in their learning, they will understand it better and have the desire to improve.
  • the loafers— students that cannot provide feedback due to the lack of necessary skills, whether it be education background or language.
    • Val Rosenthal
       
      Peer grading or assessing would be difficult in a group of students who do not have the skills to provide useful feedback. This could be true at my school which is very diverse in language and culture.
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • Val Rosenthal
       
      It seems obvious to me that as students would become more experienced in the expectations and process of self-assessment, that their attitudes about it would improve.
  • this method seems geared to identifying any ‘slackers’ or those who sit on the side lines through the entire project, with minimal contributions.
    • Val Rosenthal
       
      I could see where students would use peer evaluation as a means to judge who contributed to the project or not. It doesn't seem too valid. Depending on who's in your group, who you like, or who you don't like; not who helped learn something.
  • once the students have more experience, they can develop them themselves.
    • kshadlow
       
      I'm excited to get to this point. I can see students having the "buy in" when they help create the rubrics/criteria.
  • Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback.
    • bhauswirth
       
      Students have to feel safe in the classroom in order for this to work out. If the trust isn't in the classroom this will be a flop.
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance
    • bhauswirth
       
      I've thought about doing goal setting in the math classroom. Plus this way I could also tell if the student felt confident about the certain concept and I could use the data to better my lessons on that concept.
  • Represent an emphasis on language use and cultural understanding
    • bhauswirth
       
      I think it would be awesome for Storm Lake to do a portfolio for all students and a little about them and their background. I think this would be useful for teachers to understand a student a little more.
  • required, and to provide guidance on how to judge their own and others’ contributions.
    • bhauswirth
       
      Already stated this above, but laying down clear expectations of what is expected when they are doing reviews is key for smooth sailing.
  • majority of students-as-graders are not able to provide quality feedback that can help students develop their writing and critical thinking skills.
    • bhauswirth
       
      I think this statements underestimates our students. I think we have students that are clearly ready to be a student grader and can provide quality feedback.
  • students are looking at their work and judging the degree to which it reflects the goals of the assignment and the assessment criteria the teacher will be using to evaluate the work
    • tkofoot
       
      This is important for students to realize they have the role in their learning to improve. I like the idea of having the students use a rubric where they highlight the color they are understanding their objectives at.
  • It seems like the kind of skill that should be addressed in college.
    • tkofoot
       
      With the Covid 19 Pandemic, I would like to start addressing this with my students during Zooms. If they see they can self-assess to have multiple tries, then they may be more motivated to participate in online learning.
  • saw self-assessment as a vehicle for figuring out the teacher’s expectations.
    • tkofoot
       
      We need the students to change their view to also realize what their expectations are for themselves.
  • Most did not see the larger value of the skill they were developing
    • tkofoot
       
      This is what our goal is. If we give students the ability to self-assess at the beginning and through the course, then we hope they want to keep learning.
  • self-assessment need not necessarily be about self-grading
    • tkofoot
       
      This again makes me think of the green, yellow, red rubric style. It is a way to self-improve without attaching a grade. There will be some students that may not want to reach the end result, but most kids will.
erichillman

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 1 views

  • One way to make sure students understand this type of evaluation is to give students a practice session with it. The instructor provides a sample writing or speaking assignment. As a group, students determine what should be assessed and how criteria for successful completion of the communication task should be defined. Then the instructor gives students a sample completed assignment. Students assess this using the criteria they have developed, and determine how to convey feedback clearly to the fictitious student.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
       
      This example was modeled in our current OLLIE course AFE. I learn best with modeling and I am sure this also reflects best practice with my students.
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance. In addition, students' motivation to learn increases when they have self-defined, and therefore relevant, learning goals.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
       
      I have used goal setting in my own music classroom, but not in my online teaching. Evaluating progress could be more student-centered if they were creating their own goals.
  • Students do not learn to monitor or assess their learning on their own; they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
       
      As instructors, we need to teach assessment as part of our instructional strategies.
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • It also informs the teacher about students' thoughts on their progress, and gives the teacher feedback about course content and instruction.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
       
      This is thought provoking to me. I often specifically gather student feedback on my courses. I have not combined student created assessments to assessment of my own teaching. I will reflect more on how to incorporate this into my own teaching.
  • the learner will benefit far more by completing a self evaluation (that is well crafted to include focused self reflection questions) that forces him or her, to examine how he or she contributed [or did not] to the group process. The tool also encourages the student to consider actions that he or she demonstrated to support the team and to estimate what percentage of the work he or she contributed to the project
    • Elizabeth Fritz
       
      Based on coursework done during the OllIE courses, I feel this approach will be the best place to start to incorporate into my own courses. It combines 2 separate types of evaluation. The important element to include is teaching students how to accomplish the assessment by modeling the activity.
    • Barbara Day
       
      I totally agree with this.  The goal should be to help students to self assess and grow.  The idea of peer evaluations could get ugly if not carefully handled.  
  • the primary method for assessment
    • parsonsbrandi
       
      It would have been better to have multiple forms of assessment so that it wasn't only peers giving it.
  • 4) When learners are mature, self-directed and motivated
    • parsonsbrandi
       
      This tends to be a key for all learners, but the tricky part is getting the reluctant learners to this point.
  • Our views on online learning couldn’t be more dissimilar, yet I appreciate Professor Rees’ perspective and enjoy reading his posts
    • parsonsbrandi
       
      Having both the good and bad on peer-grading will help make a more informed decision about using it in the virtual classroom.
  • The concept of peer review, which leaves for the most part the instructor out of the equation, aligns with the social constructivist learning orientation. There is strong support in constructivist theories for the peer review which is grounded in student-centered learning where students learn as much from the review process itself as from the final grade on an assignment.
    • parsonsbrandi
       
      This helps get away from the "sage-on-the-stage" programming on classrooms and allows more student to student interaction since learning is a social process.
  • It can also be very effective in small, closed online classes where students are at similar skill level and receive instruction and guidance in how to grade within the process
    • parsonsbrandi
       
      Teaching the process is just as important as actually having peer-assessment.
  • For peer evaluation to work effectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive. Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback.
    • Barbara Day
       
      This key no matter what the age of the student.  If it's not a safe environment, no one will take the risk to put themselves out there.  It is important that honesty, kindness and respect are the standard.
  • One way to begin the process of introducing students to self-assessment is to create student-teacher contracts. Contracts are written agreements between students and instructors, which commonly involve determining the number and type of assignments that are required for particular grades.
    • Barbara Day
       
      This has to be done with care. It can a great way to clarify expectations, and establish goals, but you must be careful that a student doesn't use it to limit their effort.  In other words, in order to do just enough to get the grade, but not to grow.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas. The student participates in the selection of portfolio content, the development of guidelines for selection, and the definition of criteria for judging merit. Portfolio assessment is a joint process for instructor and student. Portfolio assessment emphasizes evaluation of students' progress, processes, and performance over time. There are two basic types of portfolios:
    • Barbara Day
       
      The advantage of a portfolio is that creates a bigger picture of how the student is doing, since it is work collected over time.  It's a great way to prompt dialogue and feedback between the student, teacher, and fellow students it may be shared with.
  • Preparing students for self or peer assessment
  • It is helpful to introduce students to the concepts and elements of assessment against specified criteria in the first weeks of class when you explain the unit of study outline. This requires taking time at the outset of the group activity or unit of study to discuss what is required, and to provide guidance on how to judge their own and others’ contributions. Students will need to be assisted to develop criteria that match the learning outcomes with regards to the output and process of the group work. If assessment criteria for each element are set up and clearly communicated, your role will also change to one of facilitator.
    • Barbara Day
       
      Not only does it need to be modeled, but students need multiple opportunities to practice the self and peer assessment beginning early and throughout the class. 
  • The break down in peer grading occurs when the learning environment cannot provide the conditions as mentioned above. Also, there are other factors that can sabotage its effectiveness, including an assignment that requires a high level of critical thinking skills, or when there are students in the mix that are non-participative, or have intentions that don’t align with the course.
    • Barbara Day
       
      To be honest, I'm a little hesitant when it comes to peer grading.  It must be carefully implemented so as to avoid any type of bullying situations, and to avoid anyone feeling that they are the outsider.  It must be a safe environment.
  • students are looking at their work and judging the degree to which it reflects the goals of the assignment and the assessment criteria the teacher will be using
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • Barbara Day
       
      Practice makes perfect.
  • As this work illustrates, self-assessment need not necessarily be about self-grading. There are ways of framing and then using self-assessment that can help students develop that all-important ability of looking objectively at their work and then making changes that improve its quality.
    • Barbara Day
       
      In fact, it works better if it is not about self-grading.  Then perhaps they will not feel as conflicted and concerned about the teacher expectations.
  • Self evaluation and team grade.
    • erichillman
       
      I think this approach is what I will be using going forward.  A well designed participation rubric will be essential.
    • erichillman
       
      My experience has been similar- and it is why I hated group work.  I always ended up doing all the work so I got a decent grade and the others were just dragged along for the ride.  I try very hard to avoid this in my teaching, but am working on implementing more of it using the best practices I learn here!
    • erichillman
       
      The purpose for assessment is so important.  It is why I preach and practice backwards design, so I know where I'm headed when I am teaching.  I think back to my larger college classes where I could snooze through lectures, download the powerpoints, and ace the multiple choice exams...would some form of peer assessment/group accountability been more effective?
  • well written rubric not only helps the facilitator score the assignment but it and can greatly increase the quality and effort put into assignments by giving students a clear expectations with knowledge that must be demonstrated
    • erichillman
       
      Another point in favor of well-designed rubrics.  Students can self-monitor and assess each other's work when they have clear expectations!
  • I do not recommend including an option on the peer evaluation for team members to make comments about their peers. Should team members have negative comments to make about peers, this tool is not a constructive venue.
    • erichillman
       
      I often help my ex-wife with her group projects (she's a full time adjunct).  She uses this method and provides spaces for people to make comments.  My experience is that the only time people make comments is when they have something negative to say.  This often turns into "flaming" versus constructive criticism.  
benrobison

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 1 views

  • •Can help reduce the ‘free rider’ problem as students are aware that their contribution will be graded by their peers.
    • lwinter14
       
      This is one of the main reasons that I've tried to implement peer assessment in the past. In group projects, I incorporate some form of peer assessment to encourage students to be motivated and contribute to the group. I hate that I use peer assessment as a carrot to get some students to do the work, but I haven't figured out another alternative yet.
  • •Students will have a tendency to award everyone the same mark.
    • lwinter14
       
      I have noticed that students will often give the same scores for all group members, even if it was clear during the process of working that not all students participated equally. I think this becomes less of an issue when the students are in groups that don't necessarily include their friends, but can still be hard for students to complete honestly.
  • If assessment criteria for each element are set up and clearly communicated, your role will also change to one of facilitator.
    • lwinter14
       
      I think this is one of the barriers for teachers to using self or peer assessment in their courses. The main assessments need to be developed ahead of time, and I feel that too often, educators are throwing an assessment together after the instruction has begun. I believe teachers are getting better at this because of UBD and the focus on learning targets, etc. but unless the assessments are ready before starting the unit, it's hard to clearly communicate all of the criteria ahead of time. I see this as a barrier to implementing these types of assessment and a possible explanation as to why we don't see these types as often.
  • ...44 more annotations...
  • They were required to submit their self-assessments with the completed work, but their assessments were not graded.
    • lwinter14
       
      I wonder if this would work as seamlessly with younger students? So many of my students do the work they need to because they assume it is graded and they worry more about grades and less about the actual pursuit of learning. If I asked my students to complete self-assessments and turn them in (but I'm not grading the self-assessment), I question how many of them would take it seriously and actually turn it in. I wonder if I would have to offer participation points for completing it or not, and not actually assign a grade, in order to entice students to complete it.
    • jnewmanfd
       
      These are real concerns. We have to at some point shift from a culture of grades to a culture of learning. Let's strike against grades. Think about, we all get together and delete infinite campus and shout, "Leaning Before Grades..." :)
  • ‘Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component.
    • lwinter14
       
      I like the idea of having students assess themselves in terms of their contributions to their groups. Perhaps if they are asked to evaluate themselves, they will really be honest and learn more in the process about how they function as a member of a group. I also like the point about having the student provide examples of how he or she contributed to the group. In my class we emphasize making claims that are supported with evidence and reasoning, and this would provide another avenue in which students get to practice doing so.
  • frame self-assessment as an opportunity for students to reflect on their own work with the goal of learning more, making the work better, and thereby improving the chances for a good grade. In this paradigm, self-assessment is not the same as self-grading.
    • parkerv
       
      I like this way of framing self-assessment as it involves the students in doing some of the heavy lifting, thinking about their work and how they might improve, which helps them develop skills critical for many careers. The partnership created when student insights are used in conjunction with instructor assessments can lead to a much richer experience and deeper learning for the student.
  • students reported that their ability to self-assess depended on knowing what the teacher expected
    • parkerv
       
      We have read in other articles how important clear expectations are for this process to work and others have stressed the advantages of involving the students in the creation of those expectations via rubrics or checklists. I would hope that student participation in this way would help move students thinking away from just what "teachers" expect to thinking more along the lines of what do "I" or "we" expect.
  • my preferred approach. I believe the learner will benefit far more by completing a self evaluation (that is well crafted to include focused self reflection questions) that forces him or her, to examine how he or she contributed [or did not] to the group process. The tool also encourages the student to consider actions that he or she demonstrated to support the team and to estimate what percentage of the work he or she contributed to the project. 
    • parkerv
       
      I would probably lean more towards this approach also as it challenges each person to honestly assess their own contributions and forcing them to put it into a percentage makes it more apparent if there is need for improvement. I am not sure "slackers" would be that motivated to change by a low assessment by their peers.
    • jessed44
       
      At my high school, we are not allowed to give group grades. We must give each student an individual one. This definitely has made me rethink group work. I generally only use it for formative assessment, but I wonder if the grading policies need to be different in an online vs traditional class.
  • The concept of peer review, which leaves for the most part the instructor out of the equation, aligns with the social constructivist learning orientation. There is strong support in constructivist theories for the peer review which is grounded in student-centered learning where students learn as much from the review process itself as from the final grade on an assignment.
    • parkerv
       
      I align more with the Social Constructivist learning orientation because I do believe students can learn as much if not more by going through the review process then by a final grade. I do not how ever think that it takes the instructor out of the equation. Instead I think the teacher's role changes. It require that teacher's give more guidance and instruction on the front end so that students have the skills and confidence to do self-assessment well. I also think there are benefits in combining self-assessment and teacher assessment.
    • nkrager
       
      I agree with your thinking here for sure! I think students learn so much through the review process and assessing where they are at, making changes, and moving their thinking vs just a final grade. Often times, my students look at a final grade and throw it away (both physically and mentally). They do not process at all how the grade was processed, what they learned, or what they need to do differently. The peer review and self reviews will definitely play a role in learning, along with the teacher feedback and assessment.
  • Effective group collaboration begins with a well defined assignment that has clear goals and expectations. A well written rubric not only helps the facilitator score the assignment but it and can greatly increase the quality and effort put into assignments by giving students a clear expectations with knowledge that must be demonstrated.
    • nkrager
       
      I feel like this is super important no matter which of the methods you might choose to do group grading. The expectations should be clear and direct with the project, and maybe even more so with a group project. When you have to get everyone to work towards the common goal, it should be laid out well. Team/group grades are hard for me because of things already mentioned and I have tended to shy away from them in general. I like the peer reviews but group work is so hard for me to grade to make sure it is "accurate" for all members.
  • The successful use of student self assessment depends on three key elements: Goal setting Guided practice with assessment tools Portfolios
    • nkrager
       
      The 3 key elements make this sound so simple. I really like the ideas behind this but I know that there is a lot of front loading that must be done in order to make this successful in my classroom. I have tried portfolios with classes before but I feel like I will go back to this as it is a natural way in my view to move students through the learning progression. This article has some great reminders in the 3 key points that I will refer back to for next school year.
  • •Students are involved in the process and are encouraged to take part ownership of this process.
    • nkrager
       
      Hopefully if this is set up well and the students buy into this process, they would take the ownership needed to contribute their part to the common goal. Too often students slack off during a group project unless the topic is a high interest level to them. Knowing peer assessments would take place might motivate them to do the necessary work.
  • Students may be reluctant to make judgements regarding their peers.
    • nkrager
       
      I also find this happening as students do not generally want to hurt someone's feelings so they are not comfortable in this situation. It is important to demonstrate how to do this properly and effectively so they can give constructive criticism and know how to handle that on the receiving end.
    • jessed44
       
      I have done better with having students offer qualitative feedback rather than quantitative.
  • Put simply, we see self-assessment as feedback for oneself from oneself.”
    • jnewmanfd
       
      I think this is the hardest thing. I teach middle school and to be honest, I don't know how productive this would be for my students. I love the idea that students are self reflecting for themselves, but I just have some concerns that it won't work. I almost wonder if cognitively, they aren't ready for that yet. Heck, even as an adult I think this a hard to do at times. I do think that I can begin to move my students in this direction though. Maybe if I was very clear on success criteria and tried some one on one conversations, I could get this to work. I think I would have to really model and scaffold this process. It's like looking into mirror and having a though conversation with yourself. It would be difficult.
  • Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback.
    • jessed44
       
      It is also so important that the teacher model vulnerability and being open to feedback as well. I have also found that making the feedback ungraded helps quite a bit. Students don't tend to like giving each other grades.
  • In addition to checklists and rubrics for specific communication tasks, students can also use broader self-assessment tools to reflect on topics they have studied, skills they have learned, their study habits, and their sense of their overall strengths and weaknesses.
    • jessed44
       
      This all sounds great, but is this task going to be graded? Many teachers are in buildings in which only the academic standards are assessed. I have many students that would benefit from these types of tasks that would simply skip them while working on an assessment. Sadly, these are often the exact students that need to do them the most.
  • Grading is based on a predetermined process, but most commonly it is an average of the marks awarded by members of the group.
    • jessed44
       
      We are not allowed to have students give grades to one another, at least any that are binding. This does not mean that students cannot assess one another, and I have found that students tend to be more motivated if they must present/show their work to their peers.
  • Self evaluation has a risk of being perceived as a process of presenting inflated grades and being unreliable.
    • jessed44
       
      On one hand, it is probably better served in a high school setting to make this either formative or a checklist grade balanced with the teacher grade. That being said, that could harm student motivation for some to take this seriously.
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • jessed44
       
      This makes me ponder if self-assessment needs to be implemented with younger students so it is normalized, valued, and seen as expected for older students
    • nkrager
       
      Yes, this certainly couldn't hurt to start the process earlier! :)
  • The instructor must explain expectations clearly to them before they begin.
    • maryhumke
       
      It is hard for peers to assist when they are not given specific information
  • One way to begin the process of introducing students to self-assessment is to create student-teacher contracts. Contracts are written agreements between students and instructors, which commonly involve determining the number and type of assignments that are required for particular grades.
    • maryhumke
       
      Contracting can be a great way to motivate reluctant students. The structure tells them exactly what the expectations are.
  • Measure each student's achievement while allowing for individual differences between students in a class
    • maryhumke
       
      Not all students show their achievement in the same way. Great way to individualize
    • mkanost
       
      I also think it's important to show mastery on one topic in multiple assignments.
  • The student participates in the selection of portfolio content, the development of guidelines for selection, and the definition of criteria for judging merit. Portfolio assessment is a joint process for instructor and student.
    • maryhumke
       
      Great way to get students involved in their own learning
  • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor
    • Michelle Murray
       
      This is one of the strongest arguments for the use of self and peer assessment, in my opinion. Getting students to think about their learning helps develop them into life-long learners and critical thinkers.
  • Most did not see the larger value of the skill they were developing. Most did not use self-assessment in their other courses.
    • Michelle Murray
       
      I think these findings go to show how important it is to have students doing self-assessment in the early grades so that they go throughout their K-12 education with the training that they are "'supposed to" think about what they are learning and how they are progressing with their learning.
  • peer grading lay in the comments
    • Michelle Murray
       
      I am not surprised to see that the quality of comments was a concern. If you think about the amount of learning we've done in this course alone on how to provide a high quality comment that pushes the learner, it's not surprising to see that students would fall short. I think this is where it is important that the teacher model what feedback looks like and provide scaffolds for those that need it to learn to provide better feedback, as this will help them as well.
  • 6)  Learners have a developed set of communication skills
    • Michelle Murray
       
      I would make an argument for adding a seventh condition: when learners are given the opportunity to make adjustments based on the peer assessment (or peer grading, I suppose, but really I like the concept of peer assessment better than peer grading).
  • clear understanding of what they are to look for in their peers' work.
    • mkanost
       
      What a great way for the students to become experts on a topic. They can also gather ideas from others to use in their assignment.
    • ravelinga
       
      This is the part of peer to peer assessment that I need to work on next year. I don't do a great job of explaining and teaching my students on how to do peer assessments. I am working on an entire lesson on how to do peer assessment at the beginning of the year.
    • benrobison
       
      I think peer feedback can be an incredibly valuable tool...both to not only help a peer, but also to deepen understanding for the assessor. It can only be quality experience and worth the time if the assessors have clear understandings of what they are looking for!
  • As a group,
    • mkanost
       
      Classic Guided Release Responsibility
  • instructors can use a framework like SMART goals
    • mkanost
       
      I think reflection is also a crucial part of goal setting. With my high schoolers, we are constantly reflecting on our goals and finding ways to improve.
  • Emphasize what students can do
    • mkanost
       
      I like that portfolios include all assignments that students are successful at. This can be a real morale booster for students who don't have confidence.
  • Students can also benefit from using rubrics or checklists to guide their assessments
    • emilysjohnson
       
      This is beneficial for assessments as well as assignments. Helping students to know what is most important and creating structures for these can help them to apply these structures as they continue to mature.
    • benrobison
       
      I would argue that anytime we give students the rubric up-front, they have more success. I know that rings very true for anything I do/did as a student.
  • tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas
    • emilysjohnson
       
      This is so powerful! Giving a student the decision-making power to showcase their learning journey helps them to be reflective learners and more aware of what works/what doesn't work for them individually.
  • Represent a student's progress over time
    • emilysjohnson
       
      I also like to try to capture the students thoughts about their progress over time as well. Whether it is by pairing reflections with work or asking for a summary of the experience, it helps to add the personal narrative to the products in the portfolio.
  • helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertis
    • emilysjohnson
       
      I think there is still a belief that exists out there that the teacher is the expert. Even as an instructional coach, my colleagues looked to me to "know." I viewed my role more as a guide and cognitive coach than a "know-it-all." To me, the power is in empowering others.
  • Prior to submitting the assignment, students used these assessment tools to judge their work.
    • emilysjohnson
       
      While I like this idea of checklists and rubrics before turning in work, it may still lead to students worrying too much about what the teacher wants and not so much about their learning process. In addition, I have always been a fan of asking students to rate their level of confidence with certain tasks/parts of the assignment. This reflection helps the learner to see patterns in their own learning process and areas where they might want to improve.
  • teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • emilysjohnson
       
      It is also important to give students practice in evaluating other work to give them more confidence and awareness with the expectations.
  • Rather than assessing whether the student learned from the assignment or not, this method seems geared to identifying any ‘slackers’ or those who sit on the side lines through the entire project, with minimal contributions.
    • kshadlow
       
      This is a familiar point because that's the main focus of students in group work. To make group work more accepting, we choose to keep this area a focus.
  • I have mixed feelings about peer evaluations, leaning towards not using peer reviews as part of the assessment strategy.
    • kshadlow
       
      I struggled with these same thoughts mostly because I chose not to take the time to show students how to evaluate each other. The times I have used it, I gave the criteria and altered it to be easy for the students.
    • ravelinga
       
      I also struggle with this. I like the idea, but I don't spend enough time teaching and showing my students how to do this. I think next year I will make this a priority and stick with it!
  • Even so, the ability to self-assess skills and completed work is important. Moreover, it is an ability acquired with practice and developed with feedback. It seems like the kind of skill that should be addressed in college. And perhaps there is a way.
    • kshadlow
       
      I like the idea of self-assessments and truly understand it's benefits. The interesting part is why I didn't utilize them more.
  • •Agreed marking criteria means there can be little confusion about assignment outcomes and expectations.
    • kshadlow
       
      Working with students on a shared outcome makes perfect sense. I have worked with classes before figuring out the shared outcome, but I have not taken to the next step of peer assessing. I like this idea and am excited to try it out.
  • Represent a collaborative approach to assessment
  • •increase student responsibility and autonomy
  • •Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
  • a practice session with it
    • benrobison
       
      In my experience, giving students and exemplar and non-exemplar and assessing them as a group tends to be the most valuable use of time. Students have better understandings of how they should be assessing and giving feedback, AND they have a better understanding of how to correct their own works.
  • peer assessment frequently
    • benrobison
       
      From experience, group work and peer assessment work better the more frequently they are used. If it is out of the norm, it tends to be not very valuable.
  • This kind of practice helps students to be aware of their learning
    • benrobison
       
      I'm guessing this is a lot of front-loading, but the amount of time devoted to this likely decreases significantly over time. This would fit in the dependent - to - independent teaching model!
lisa rasmussen

ollie4: Educational Leadership: The Quest for Quality - 5 views

  • Five keys to assessment quality provide the larger picture
    • Maryann Angeroth
       
      The Clear Purpose paragraph resonated with me since I just finished reading an article in Education Leadership called Know Your Target. It is all about knowing the purpose and sharing that with students and how student achievement goes up as a result.
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      I would agree with you that it is important to give the students a clear idea of the purpose of the lesson and how it would impact their life or daily skills.
  • Five keys to assessment quality provide the larger picture into which our multiple measures must fit
  • Are results communicated in time to inform the intended decisions
    • Maryann Angeroth
       
      One of the "What Works in the Classroom" strategies from Marzano is: Setting objectives and providing feedback. Research shows that giving feedback improves student achievement. This statement about results being communicated in time to inform the intended decisions reminds me of the Marzano work.
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      I have seen positive results in my own classroom when I have provided feedback in a timely manner that is directly to the specifics that were taught.
    • Judy Griffin
       
      This is one of the benefits of educational games if they are created well... instant feedback and another level to conquer!
    • Maryann Angeroth
       
      Did you read Evan's blog about gaming? I was interested in his perspective to making it synonomus with using literature to teach content.
    • Kevin McColley
       
      I completely agree! I have around 600 kids and try my best to comment more than just "good job" but with meaty feedback for my older kids in 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade and I've seen many kids work and rework their challenges out until they get it. It shows the kids they're not just a number. :)
    • Mark McGaffin
       
      Teachers are becoming more data driven than ever before.  Teachers will need to have a condensed curriculum if they want to provide enrichment opportunities in their classroom.  Currently, there is not enough time within the school year for teachers to assess, analyze, and enrich for each and every child unless some of the content they are expected to teach is removed.  This is a situation where it looks great on paper but right now doesn't work in the classroom.  If we really are stressing Quality than quantity needs to be reduced. 
    • Tim Brickley
       
      The time factor and choosing the right assessments is a daily struggle for teaching. I wish that there was more time in the day, week, month to evaluate past assessments and determine the effectiveness of them.
    • Gayle Olson
       
      I agree with all your comments on the value of feedback. That's what I really like about some of the online assessments I've seen - kids get the feedback right away and then are pointed to extra help or a different type of explanation if they need it.
  • ...42 more annotations...
  • Who will use the results to inform what decisions?
    • Barb Shutt
       
      and...is there already and assessment in place that give you this information? Do I need to duplicate? Not only is the why important, but also the what-does it get to what I need to know for future instruction?
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      Your last statement is very importatn, Barb! That question should be asked prior to giving each assessment--how will this help my students and how will this help me to change my instruction to help my students.
  • four categories of learning targets
    • Barb Shutt
       
      I hadn't seen LT' broken down this way before.
    • Judy Griffin
       
      Neither have I seen this breakdown! Worth sharing with teachers.
    • linda vann
       
      I love this! What an easy, direct guide to clarifying learning targets!
    • David Olson
       
      Stiggins actually has 5 targets, which includes dispositional targets
  • which assessment methods are most likely to produce accurate results for different learning targets.
    • Barb Shutt
       
      It's always about working smarter, not harder and this leads us toward that.
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I agree--and I really like this chart! It really helped to enhance my understanding of this information.
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
       
      The chart is very helpful. I like how it shows that perfomance assessments aren't always the best, it depends on what you are assessing. I am glad selected response is still acceptable for knowledge mastery.
    • Gary Petersen
       
      I am always looking for "filters" that I can use when developing a course. This is a great filter when reviewing the assessments used in the course.
  • more assessments
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      If the additional assessments were mostly formative, I do believe that we would be more accurately estimating student achievement.
    • Becky Hinze
       
      And...if those formative assessments are linked directly to the learning of the skill, it wouldn't take time away from the learning to assess.
    • Mark McGaffin
       
      Currently I think the students feel like they are being assessed all day long.  Think about how many classes they have in a day.  If those teachers are being asked to provide data showing progress/mastery in each of their subject areas they will be overwhelmed with assessments.  A balance is key but at the same time we need to think about our students and think about what it might be like to be assessed this much.
    • linda vann
       
      Balance being the operative word here...assessment for assessment sake is not time efficient or effective. Assessment for adjusting instruction is highly valuable.
    • Natalie Smithhart
       
      I think more assessments can help teachers estimcate student achievement, but only if it is not taking away teaching time. We need to assess in ways that don't interupt class time. I know there are times that I have had to spend assessing my students when I felt I could of been giving them more by teaching....
  • The assessor needs to have a clear picture of what achievement he or she intends to measure. If we don't begin with clear statements of the intended learning—clear and understandable to everyone, including students—we won't end up with sound assessments.
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      Clear learning targets are so important--and so often not understood by teachers. I still work with so many teachers who don't question learning targets, as they just go from page to page in the textbook and teach what is next regardless if students already know the information or would need background knowledge in order to understand the concepts.
    • Becky Hinze
       
      So often we assess and we truly don't know what our learning targets were. Often our assessment doesn't even match what we thought our learning targets were.
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      I would agree that many of us do not take the time or effort to evaluate if the assessments actually measure what we are teaching in the classroom.
    • linda vann
       
      The alignment between curriculum, instruction, and assessment is critical. If we don't take the time to clarify our intended outcomes, how can we expect students to perform to expectations?
  • Or, you can highlight the phrases on the rubric that describe the hypothesis's strengths and areas for improvement and return the rubric with the work.
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      In the first class I took towards my Master's in Educational Technology, the professor did this--not just for our assignments, but also for our participation in our forums. Since then, I have "borrowed" this strategy for my own students. It definitely encouraged me to work on improving my responses in the weekly forums!
    • Mark McGaffin
       
      Might we be suggesting the end of grades and the beginning of standards based assessment?  How would that affect colleges and universities?  Would they be willing to accept a student who met all the standards at a school over a student who got a 4.0?
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I think it depends on the discipline. Art and graphic design--and perhaps music--are probably going to be much farther ahead here. Students have to prepare portfolios of their work and that is what is looked at, at least at Morningside College. They also look at GPA, but there is more weight put on the portfolio.
    • Tim Brickley
       
      More and more former students are telling me they needed to submit a portfolio of past work for colleges. Whether it be for scholaraships or acceptance into a certain program.
  • assessment literate
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I'm finding the sessions I've attended in Des Moines by Margaret Heritage to be very helpful in understanding what "assessment literate" means!
    • Pam Buysman
       
      That is a term I've not heard before. It makes sense, however. Data used inappropriately can have disastrous results.
    • Mark McGaffin
       
      The state will need to spend a lot of money and time training teachers how to assess, use the data, and enrich students.  As my district begins its transition into this new data-driven age, I am noticing more and more teachers struggling to analyze data.  They are also struggling to find enough time to check assessments, analyze data, and provide meaningful enrichment activities to help students reach proficiency. 
    • David Olson
       
      Stiggins has a great plan to move a district and a school toward assessment literacy. He calls it the 7 actions for school leaders.
  • four assessment methods (selected-response, extended written response, performance assessment, and personal communication
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I'm not sure I've seen these four assessment methods listed like this. This is good information to have and to help in creating assessments.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      I have used all of these methods in my art class room, but not on a regular basis. Our 4th grade assessment assignment includes two methods. Students answer a written test with true/false and multiple choice answers to identify concepts the children know. Students make a drawing of a landscape and then go pack to paint the landscape. Teachers keep wanting to add the personal communication componant where the students discuss the choices they made in their landscape painting.
  • Do the results provide clear direction for what to do next?
  • Selecting an assessment method that is incapable of reflecting the intended learning will compromise the accuracy of the results.
    • Pam Buysman
       
      Selecting the best assessment method makes a difference. If we are using the data to guide our instruction, it's imperative we use the right assessment tool.
    • Judy Griffin
       
      I agree, Pam! So is ITBS or ITED ever the "right assessment tool"? Can they truly reflect the intended learning?
    • Nathan Fredericks
       
      We are told at my school that, at minimum, they are going to be better than what they were as the ITEDs are now supposed to be aligned with the Common/Iowa Core. We shall see how this will end up.
    • David Olson
       
      We are so messed up on our standardized tests when it comes to 21st century skills and their measurement.
    • Gary Petersen
       
      So much seems to be a matter of alignment. A misalignment between assessment method and intended learning leads to inaccuracy of results.
  • What decisions will the assessment inform?
    • Pam Buysman
       
      The following paragraph highlights the way formative assessments should guide our instruction. Changes may not be immediate, but they certainly provide a way to plan for the future.
  • Use SAT scores to determine instructional effectiveness
    • Pam Buysman
       
      Just a sidebar....could this mean we need to be very careful when we use ITBS scores to measure teacher effectiveness?
    • Judy Griffin
       
      Oh, yeah!!
    • Mark McGaffin
       
      Why doesn't NCLB consider the many other "X" factors that could influence ITBS scores when they make the SINA list or use data like this to determine teacher pay?  Great on paper but not in practice.
  • For instance, if students will be the users of the results because the assessment is formative, then teachers must provide the results in a way that helps students move forward. Specific, descriptive feedback linked to the targets of instruction and arising from the assessment items or rubrics communicates to students in ways that enable them to immediately take action, thereby promoting further learning.
    • Amy Burns
       
      I am going to play devil's advocate here.....how can we motivate students to take action in order to promote learning if that is not within their goals? I agree that descriptive feedback linked to targets will give more meaning to the assessment, but in all reality, don't we often deal with students who can't see the reason for the writing?
    • Maryann Angeroth
       
      Why do you think that is? How many K-2 students are not excited about coming to school and learning? What happens that kills thier love and devotion to learning?
    • linda vann
       
      Do you see this attitude of "this doesn't fit my goals/needs" as more prevalent at the secondary level or the elementary level? I know I have seen this with adult learners until they understand they tune to WII-FM (What In It For Me?). Once they do, then the learning "takes off" like gangbusters when provided the specific type of feedback described here.
  • Teachers should design the assessment so students can use the results to self-assess and set goals. A mechanism should be in place for students to track their own progress on learning targets and communicate their status to others.
    • Amy Burns
       
      Self-assessment is a vital step in setting personal goals. How many of our students have actually been asked to look deeply into their skill set? Would many students willingly "communicate their status to others?" Hmmmmm
    • Judy Griffin
       
      I think this is a great reason why students should have input into what is being assessed in a rubric... what is important and how will you know what you know?
    • Kathy Hageman
       
      Well-designed rubrics not only set targets but also help students monitor their progress. It has been my experience that middle school students are quite honest and perceptive in self-evaluations when "communicate their status to others" means sharing the self-assessment exclusively with me (their instructor) or with me and their parents or guardians.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      Students would need to be guided through self-assessment at first.
  • data from these assessments
    • Judy Griffin
       
      It's all about data!! "What does the data say...?"
    • linda vann
       
      The caution about data is using it appropriately. It is an intensely powerful tool if used to make decisions about instruction and assessment. The more data, the better!
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      The more data, the better....this makes sense to me. We need to make sure we are using the right data in making decisions; making decisions based upon poor or incomplete data leads to poor decisions. Here lies another challenge...it sometimes seems like we are "drowning in data." How do we choose the data we use?
    • Natalie Smithhart
       
      It seems obvious...the data you get from assessing should show you what your students are learning and what you need to work on more. I like your comment Cheryl...it does seem like sometimes I have more data than I know how to organize or what to do with it!
  • Assess learning targets requiring the "doing" of science with a multiple-choice tes
    • Judy Griffin
       
      I've seen this many times - the assessment doesn't fit the learning expectations.
  • meeting student, teacher, and district information needs
  • a reading score from a state accountability test as a diagnostic instrument for reading group placement.
    • linda vann
       
      Or expect that decisions regarding eligibility for special education is based on diagnostic assessments alone!
  • Using misinformation
  • his means that teachers need to write learning targets in terms that students will understand.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      Parent involvement is an important component when children are young. Parents help a child budget time. If they are not aware of what the child is involved in, or needs to set aside time for, then the child will not accomplish much. parents also need to be able to understand the terms involved and the intended outcome.
  • all assessment users have access to the data
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      Our art department currently grades all children, but only assesses 4th grade students with a February drawing, painting, and multiple choice test. Children and Parents should have an idea before then about how their child is picking up one the curriculum.
  • From that foundation
  • groups of students
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
       
      Our distirct is really focused on SES and IEP students since that is where our lowest ITED scores are.
    • Lynne Devaney
       
      We would have to add African-American in our district in addition to SES and IEP.
  • unprecedented overflow of testing
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
       
      Our department had to create a math assessment that would test what the average 10th grader should know. Then we were told the test should be about what all 10th graders should know. We have spent countless hours debating, rewriting and trying to come up with methods on how to help our students that are not proficient on the test.
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      Today on the radio, I hear Jason Glass say that all 11th graders need to take the ACT and the state needs to help pay for this. I don't think I agree with adding another required assessment for our students...I do agree we need to provide a rigorous curriculum for our secondary students, but do they need to demonstrate their knowledge by taking the ACT??
    • Lynne Devaney
       
      In response to Deena, I have struggled as the leader of the curriculum and assesment efforts on WHAT to ask people to do. I have hesitated developing any local assessments due to the movement from local standards...to Iowa Core and not the common core. Hope we have stopped changing because up to now it has been a moving target!
  • In math
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
       
      This is the first time I have actually seen a math example when discussing assessment. Usually the examples I see are for english or social studies.
    • Jean Van Gilder
       
      knowledge targets work pretty well in mathematics!
  • A grade of D+, on the other hand, may be sufficient to inform a decision about a student's athletic eligibility, but it is not capable of informing the student about the next steps in learning.
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      Thus the term "assessment FOR learning." The intent is to provide guidance for improvement.
    • Gary Petersen
       
      It's amazing the number of assessments that I have received in my formal learning that involved only a grade or pass/fail. It makes me wonder if I retained very much from those learning opportunities.
  • Teachers have choices in the assessment methods they use, including selected-response formats, extended written response, performance assessment, and personal communication.
    • Kathy Hageman
       
      Wouldn't matching method of assessment to method of practice be a consideration?
  • which require students to use their knowledge to reason and problem solve
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
       
      This is an area that I am currently working on. I am trying to come up with more projects so that students can apply what they are learning.
    • Gayle Olson
       
      When I took my first college stat class, I could follow the directions just fine and get the right answer, but I had no idea why we were using the particular statistic or what it actually meant. When I asked my stat lab instructor, he looked up my grade and said, "What do you care, you're getting an A." I cared because I wanted to know how to use the stuff, not just get through the class!
  • What information do the decision makers need
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      This paragraph makes a distinction between decision makers that we might forget when edited our assessments. There is a definite difference in level and approach between classroom and school or community assessments.
    • Gayle Olson
       
      Agreed. I think not recognizing that distinction can lead to misuse of the data. For example, a school or community use of classroom level data when they don't know the circumstances or environment under which the data is collected can lead to some inappropriate conclusions.
  • use of clear curriculum maps for each standard
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      Although time consuming, the importance of curriculum maps becomes clear when writing essential questions and revisiting the teaching strategies we use to improve student learning.
  • instructional hours sacrificed to testing will return dividends in the form of better instructional decisions and improved high-stakes test scores.
    • Jessica White
       
      This is our hope as educators. I truly hope that the valuable time spent testing will return dividends.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      I find the information gathered to be very useful to my teaching, and to the students and parents.
  • Ongoing classroom assessments serve both formative and summative purposes and meet students' as well as teachers' information needs.
  • provide information about student progress not typically available from student information systems
    • Jean Van Gilder
       
      Time involved is major...classroom teachers will tell you it is very labor intensive.
  • high-stakes tests were common in schools
    • Bruce Baedke
       
      Seems like the public would say this isn't true. They would believe that there was no accountability before NCLB.
  • if the teacher wants to assess knowledge mastery of a certain item, both selected-response and extended written response methods are good matches
    • Bruce Baedke
       
      At muy school our science assessment is of this variety with both extended response and multiple choice answers for teh questions asked.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      I agree that a variety should be used in accurate assessment. Students respond differently to different assesment methods. Some students have a very anxious response to timed tests, or written tests, but may do fine in showing their knowledge on multiple choice or matching.
  • Students learn best when they monitor and take responsibility for their own learning.
    • Gayle Olson
       
      Best parent teacher conference I ever attended was a student-led one for my 5th grader. Each student built their portfolio and was in charge of explaning it to their parents. Most honesty and responsibility I've ever seen in kids!
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      I have been to the same kind of Open House led by students in the class. It really gives the students ownership to what happens in that classroom.
  • to triangulate on student needs defeats the purpose of bringing in more results to inform our decisions.
    • Gary Petersen
       
      Multiple measures have been used for years to establish whether assessments are valid. Very important to note that if the measures are not valid, multiple measures do not indicate validity.
  • For example, suppose we are preparing to teach 7th graders how to make inferences. After defining inference as "a conclusion drawn from the information available," we might put the learning target in student-friendly language: "I can make good inferences. This means I can use information from what I read to draw a reasonable conclusion." If we were working with 2nd graders, the student-friendly language might look like this: "I can make good inferences. This means I can make a guess that is based on clues."
  • Bias can also creep into assessments and erode accurate results. Examples of bias include poorly printed test forms, noise distractions, vague directions, and cultural insensitivity.
    • Lynne Devaney
       
      I believe we are OK at reviewing materials with a "traditional" sense of bias but when it comes to cultural sensitivity...I'm not sure my district has a handle on the work.
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      I agree. Some cultural sensitivity can't be easily understood by other people. I've been surprised often by what kids say about the way their family opperates.
  • What are the essential assessment conditions?
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      When we do our annual assessment for 4th grade artists effort is made to provide clear instructions and visuals, with the same materials available to all teachers. The other factors that enter into a student's performance vary widely. Some teachers deliver the test in their own art room, others in the classroom because they teach there. There are many factors that affect performance.
  • No Child Left Behind
  • The assessor must plan to manage information from the assessment appropriately and report it in ways that will meet the needs of the intended users,
    • lisa rasmussen
       
      i would assume this would mean that information should be shared in user-friendly language for parents and students, and be shared in a timely fashion.
  •  
    Different assessment methods chart
Gina Rogers

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 0 views

  • no peer ever wrote more than three sentences.
    • lizmedina
       
      Indeed, this is a valuable part of peer editing that is oftentimes not properly sued by students and requires much more practice in implementing
  • students that cannot provide feedback due to the lack of necessary skills, whether it be education background or language
    • lizmedina
       
      This is a very difficult task for many of my ELL students, particularly the newcomers
  • why?
    • lizmedina
       
      It seems that I spend a lot of time in the "why" of assessments and assignments when supporting teachers with struggling learners.
  • ...30 more annotations...
  •  sample peer evaluation 
    • lizmedina
       
      link does not work
  • higher education institutions
    • lizmedina
       
      I don't necessarily think it's a task solely for higher education, but it is one that requires direct teaching and practice.
  • provide guidance on how to judge their own and others’ contributions.
    • lizmedina
       
      Practice and discussion is so important in helping students have a better grasp of how to evaluate and why
  • Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback
    • ajmoss80
       
      It is interesting how many times in this course the idea of a supportive "classroom culture" comes up. A positive culture that encourages risk-taking and does not penalize "failure" is very important to getting the most out of self- and peer-assessment.
  • students' motivation to learn increases when they have self-defined, and therefore relevant, learning goals.
    • ajmoss80
       
      Student goal-setting is something I've not tried in my classroom, but I am intrigued by it. To me it seems this would most successful within a scaffolded structure of teacher-provided "big-picture" goals. The student would then provide some "mini-goals" to work toward.
  • they need to be taught strategies
    • ajmoss80
       
      This is a key statement. Students don't automatically know how to monitor and assess their own learning. It is a skill that can and must be taught.
  • Represent a student's progress over time
    • ajmoss80
       
      This is probably my favorite characteristic of a portfolio -- how they show progress over time. It is instructive and just plain fun to view growth at the end of the course by viewing a portfolio of work. So often, it is difficult to see growth on a day-by-day basis. But when one steps back and takes a long-term view, growth is plainly evident.
  • with instructions
    • ajmoss80
       
      When I have utilized peer-assessment in the 9-12 level, the most success I had is when I gave the group direct instructions and a time limit. For example, I might tell them they have 7 minutes "on-the-clock" to read their partners introduction, followed by 7 minutes of discussion. Then we move on to the next section. This helps the group stay focused and on-task, rather than giving a 40 minute block of time to just "peer-review" and give no other direction.
  • In this paradigm, self-assessment is not the same as self-grading. Rather, students are looking at their work and judging the degree to which it reflects the goals of the assignment and the assessment criteria the teacher will be using to evaluate the work
    • travisnuss
       
      This was my thought when I was reading the last article "Why and When Peer Grading is Effective for online learning." I didn't feel that Peer Grading is the same as Peer Assessment. I like the idea of Peer or Self assessment where they reflect and improve on their learning, but not necessarily be given a grade based on the assessment. I think even as teacher's if we spent more time assessing students without giving a grade, we could get a lot more learning from the students.
    • Stephanie Monahan
       
      Would self-assessment be seen differently/positively through the eyes of our students if their grades were standards-based instead of points/letter grades?
  • Over and over again, students rejected their own judgments of their work in favor of guessing how their teacher or professor would grade it.” (p. 168)
    • travisnuss
       
      I see way too many students try and do this, especially students who feel they must have an A at all cost. They don't want to actually learn the material, they just want to know what they have to do. I see where this has lead to students taking less risk and less thinking for themselves trying to problem solve how to do something on their own.
  • When they self-assessed, these students reported that they checked their work, revised it, and reflected on it more generally
    • travisnuss
       
      Checking work, revising it and reflecting on it seems to always go hand and hand with writing. I've always wondered and even tried to dabbled with a way to do revisions in math courses without just having the students "redo" a problem to get the right answer. Unfortunately, in my attempts, I get just that. I can't get the students to necessarily reflect on what they did wrong, but rather another attempt at getting the correct answer.
  • One way to make sure students understand this type of evaluation is to give students a practice session with it
    • travisnuss
       
      This is something that I definitely need to get better at is practicing with my students what I expect them to do. I need to do a better job at modeling and giving examples of expectations for things like peer assessing, self assessing and even examples of proficient work.
  • For peer evaluation to work effectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive.
    • mhoekstra86
       
      Relationship building within the classroom beyond just between teacher and student would be so crucial here! The community dynamic would need to be on point.
  • •Encourages student involvement and responsibility.
    • mhoekstra86
       
      This is a goal area for me. How do I use self reflection in a way that feels like time well spent to the student and myself so the student can also fell a sense of ownership and total control of their outcome?
  • When learners are at a similar skill level.
    • mhoekstra86
       
      This is a huge concern specifically for this year. It is very obvious at all grade levels in the Cedar Falls Virtual Campus that the skill sets for our students are either very high or very low. The middle ground is all but gone which makes this method of assessing very challenging.
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • mhoekstra86
       
      Have strong example work is another area I am working on. My curriculum is still very new and has had a lot of interruptions from outside issues which has meant priority has not been placed on building a strong set of examples.
  • I barely touched on the use of rubrics, which is the tool I suggest for evaluating the completed team project itself.
    • mhoekstra86
       
      Considering the high level of emotion that can occur with group projects, I could never imagine assigning a group task without a solid rubric. The subjective nature of a group project means I need solid expectations in order to clarify any grey area as well as hold students responsible who do not meet those expectations.
  • •increase student responsibility and autonomy •strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes •lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor
    • Stephanie Monahan
       
      Who (meaning teachers) wouldn't want this? I have tried self-assessment with upperclassmen with some success...the success rate drops dramatically when I implement self-assessment in my Biology classes. I must not be implementing it well...or waiting too long to implement it.
  • Most did not see the larger value of the skill they were developing. Most did not use self-assessment in their other courses.
    • Stephanie Monahan
       
      If we know self-assessment is powerful, why are so many teachers not doing it?
  • “Professors in the trenches tend to hold their monopoly on evaluating their students’ work dearly, since it helps them control the classroom better by reinforcing their power and expertise,”
    • Stephanie Monahan
       
      In the 'Self-Assessment Does Not Mean Self-Grading' article, it stated that most students in the study didn't perform self-assessments in their other classes...even though we know self-assessment creates deeper learning, independence, critical thinking, and several more positives that teachers hope for. This statement reminds me why self-assessment doesn't exist in most secondary classrooms...it's a control-thing.
  • When learners are mature, self-directed and motivated
    • Stephanie Monahan
       
      This is why I have rarely implemented peer review in my Biology classroom. I've seen it work perfectly within an AP classroom...but it doesn't go over well with my at-risk population of sophomore students.
  • Advantages:
    • mcairney
       
      There is a lot front-loading that needs to happen for students to do this effectively.
  • Students may have little exposure to different forms of assessment and so may lack the necessary skills and judgements to effectively manage self and peer assessments.
    • mcairney
       
      After years of students being told what their grade is, this can be a huge shift, especially for older students.
    • Gina Rogers
       
      I agree with this. You need to explicitly teach students how to be helpful peer evaluators and effective at self-assssment.
  • Students that fell into this group were physically and cognitively lazy, not contributing to the process as required.
    • mcairney
       
      I would say another challenge with collaborative work is that if group work builds onto the work of the others, if that work isn't completed, it becomes stagnant.
  • with an eye for improvement.
    • mcairney
       
      Teachers modeling this for students is very important too.
  • student’s grade
    • mcairney
       
      I would imagine this would be a separate grade than the grade for the work, correct?
  • At first these can be provided by the instructor; once the students have more experience, they can develop them themselves. An example of a peer editing checklist for a writing assignment is given in the popup window. Notice that the checklist asks the peer evaluator to comment primarily on the content and organization of the essay.
    • Gina Rogers
       
      I used to use a lot of checklists and feedback stems for peer evaluation. I found that these helped to make the quality of the feedback that students gave to one another better.
  • For example, a student may agree to work toward the grade of "B" by completing a specific number of assignments at a level of quality described by the instructor. Contracts can serve as a good way of helping students to begin to consider establishing goals for themselves as language learners.
    • Gina Rogers
       
      I have mixed feelings about contracts. They can be useful for motivating students, but they reinforce this "points race" mentality that some students have rather than having students focus on mastery.
  • Portfolios are purposeful, organized, systematic collections of student work that tell the story of a student's efforts, progress, and achievement in specific areas.
    • Gina Rogers
       
      I do really like portfolios because they require a lot of reflection from students. Students really have to have mastered content at a really deep level so they know whether or not their work is a great example of the mastery of a standard or concept.
  • 6)  Learners have a developed set of communication skills.
    • Gina Rogers
       
      It is important to equip students with a checklist and some sentence frames/stems for them to give effective/useful feedback.
d YM

Create Your Free Website | Wix.com - 0 views

  •  
    exploring this for portfolio/photo postings
jhash84

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 0 views

  • However, if they are to offer helpful feedback, students must have a clear understanding of what they are to look for in their peers' work. The instructor must explain expectations clearly to them before they begin.
    • cjd203
       
      It might also be a good idea for students to have either a hard copy of a rubric or a rubric embedded in their LMS , so they can reference expectations/objectives.
  • For peer evaluation to work effectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive. Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback. Instructors who use group work and peer assessment frequently can help students develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term. This allows them to become more comfortable with each other and leads to better peer feedback.
    • cjd203
       
      I think that this paragraph could be summed up by emphasizing safety in learning. It may be helpful to do some trust building activities before diving into peer assessments.
  • he process has a degree of risk with respect to reliability of grades as peer pressure to apply elevated grades or friendships may influence the assessment, though this can be reduced if students can submit their assessments independent of the group.
    • cjd203
       
      If submissions were kept anonymous or possibly reviewed by different classes/periods of the same section it my be more effective in reduction of inflated grades.
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • cjd203
       
      I think these two points are good ones with respect to self-assessment. Instructors need to lay our clear and concise learning targets/objectives for students. Also, providing examples of high quality work and low quality work gives learners an appreciation for where they are are going and where they are at in the process. Tangible examples of previous student work allows for modeling and a visual cue as to expectations layed out previously.
  • ‘Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component.
    • cjd203
       
      Interesting self-assessment strategy. This approach definitely helps to not "rock the boat" in terms of assessment linked to group work. This approach allows for ownership and reflection of one's contributions to the collaborative efforts of the group. I wonder if there is any data that breaks down honest/truthful self-assessments when this self evaluation and team grade approach is used?
  • give students a practice session with it.
    • Janet Wills
       
      one of the things I always wrestle with because it takes time --but practice with new tools is always worth it
  • At first, students tend to create lofty long-range goals ("to speak Russian)" that do not lend themselves to self assessment. To help students develop realistic, short-term, attainable goals, instructors can use a framework like SMART goals outline shown in the popup window.
    • Janet Wills
       
      a process we all go through
  • Students do not learn to monitor or assess their learning on their own; they need to be taught strategies for self monitoring and self assessment.
    • Janet Wills
       
      always good to never assume students have learned something in previous years
  • A process portfolio serves the purpose of classroom-level assessment on the part of both the instructor and the student. It most often reflects formative assessment, although it may be assigned a grade at the end of the semester or academic year. It may also include summative types of assignments that were awarded grades.
    • Janet Wills
       
      it would be interesting to try this type of portfolio which could be pretty easily done via Google Docs
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      This could be an interesting way to approach a final???
  • When learners are at a similar skill level.
    • Janet Wills
       
      this might be difficult to do given the range of abilities that can be present in one class
  • Effective group collaboration begins with a well defined assignment that has clear goals and expectations.
    • dulrich
       
      I think a rubric for student interaction within the group context could be valuable as well. We may assume that students know what "good" collaborative group behavior looks like.
  • Rather, students are looking at their work and judging the degree to which it reflects the goals of the assignment and the assessment criteria the teacher will be using to evaluate the work.
    • dulrich
       
      Clarity in the assignment criteria would be very important as well as modeling how to use the rubric.
  • Group work can be more successful when students are involved in developing the assessment process. This may include establishing their own assessment criteria through consultation with teaching staff. Alternatively you can provide students with sample self and/or peer assessment criteria.
    • dulrich
       
      Co-constructing success criteria can help develop student ownership of the process as well as improving the end product or outcome.
  • As a group, students determine what should be assessed and how criteria for successful completion of the communication task should be defined.
  • The instructor models the technique (use of a checklist or rubric, for example); students then try the technique themselves; finally, students discuss whether and how well the technique worked and what to do differently next time.
    • dulrich
       
      This reflection piece helps students figure out how they learn best. Often we teach a strategy, and assume that it will work equally well for all students. A journal might work well for me, but a checklist might be better for someone else.
  • Students
    • ceberly
       
      I am wondering at what age peer assessment becomes appropriate/beneficial?
    • jhash84
       
      I think that anything under the age of about 5th or 6th grade would maybe be too young unless the teacher has really shown what the students should be looking for, but a really good question.
  • a student may agree to work toward the grade of "B" by completing a specific number of assignments
    • ceberly
       
      Thinking about this from a parent perspective, I'm not sure I'm okay with my 9 year old deciding what type of grade they are willing to work for
  • Students can share their self-assessments with a peer or in a small group,
    • ceberly
       
      I'm wondering if this is an intimidating procedure for students who struggle? For example a student with a reading disability often struggles in writing etc. Sharing with peers could be a source of anxiety.
  • A well written rubric not only helps the facilitator score the assignment but it and can greatly increase the quality and effort put into assignments by giving students a clear expectations with knowledge that must be demonstrated.
    • ceberly
       
      Clear expectations are so important. In addition to providing a rubric, examples of strong and weak work are also helpful to demonstrate expectations to students.
  • their overall strengths and weaknesses.
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      This is an awareness that is helpful to students. It brings about a sense of self-awareness that helps them in the learning process.
  • joint process for instructor and student
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      This is an interesting point on collaboration. The portfolios I've completed for courses it was more more of an individual project. I really like this - it creates a dialogue to process the learning.
  • There may also be a perception amongst students that the academic is ‘shirking’ their responsibilities by having students undertaking peer assessments. In this situation students may be reminded of the Graduate Student Attributes.
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      I see this as a common argument for the high schooler. The article points out some great reasons why this is almost more productive for the student to understand and improve on their own assessment.
  • developed set of communication skills
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      All students can communicate - some elementary students are pretty blunt in their communication. Is there a level where this becomes more effective? Or is it more important to model the skills so students pick up on the process?
  • They were required to submit their self-assessments with the completed work, but their assessments were not graded.
    • brippentrop-nuss
       
      Really like this concept. It could really add to the instructor's ahas of the assignment. It could also open up a dialogue between the instructor and student if there is a discrepancy between grading on certain criteria.
  • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor
    • pnbolton
       
      A colleague told me he has his students use the rubric to first grade their assignment, and then they turn in their project. I want to start doing this so students can justify/defend or change their work before they turn it in. I have always provided a rubric but a lot of times kids don't look at it until after.
  • Students will have a tendency to award everyone the same mark.
    • pnbolton
       
      I have found this issue of my students giving everyone 100% or being overly harsh on the students. I need to take time to teach my kids how to correctly assess.
  • reflect
    • pnbolton
       
      If i had to take a keyword away from my latest PD and this class is REFLECT REFLECT REFLECT. The students need to take responsibility of their learning and reflect how they did, what they learned, and how they can use it.
  • mature
    • pnbolton
       
      I believe learned needs to be open to feedback and know that no one is out to hurt or target them but help them grow in their learning
  • These students reported that their ability to self-assess depended on knowing what the teacher expected
    • pnbolton
       
      This is why clear expectations and rubrics are so important so students know exactly what is expected and needed.
  • by evaluating the work of their peers
    • jhash84
       
      I have used this method a number of times with some success. Other times it just turns into giving their friends a good grade and not actually giving any feedback. Have to be careful with this method but can be a positive Assessment if done correctly.
  • Students can become better language learners when they engage in deliberate thought about what they are learning and how they are learning it.
    • jhash84
       
      I believe that students can be a ton better learners when they are engaged in whatever the subject happens to me. When they feel a purpose it makes more sense to them.
  • Goal setting is essential because students can evaluate their progress more clearly when they have targets against which to measure their performance.
    • jhash84
       
      I absolutely love this concept of setting goals. I don't care what it is in, the weight room, sports, grades, ect. When you have something that you can see the progression in and that breeds competition that will creating success and harder work.
  • Contracts can serve as a good way of helping students to begin to consider establishing goals for themselves as language learners.
    • jhash84
       
      This type of things gives the students a clear view of what is expected of them
d YM

ollie1 (Peterman): Assignment: Community: Sharing Resources via Diigo - 0 views

shared by d YM on 09 Oct 12 - Cached
  •  
    website / portfolios
lsjohnson

How Can Technology Be Beneficial in a Kindergarten Class? | Everyday Life - Global Post - 0 views

  • Some teachers have replaced math workbooks with electronic tablet programs that give children immediate feedback and free the teacher to reach those children who need one-on-one help.
  • Students are at various levels of understanding in core subject areas and it’s not always an easy task for kindergarten teachers to consistently assess each child’s strengths and weaknesses.
  • Early childhood education consists of lots of hands-on projects. Teachers can document their students’ progress by taking pictures with a digital camera. These photos serve as illustrations of the children’s accomplishments and assessments of their growth. Explanations students give at a smart board can also be kept in a digital portfolio. The portfolios can be shared with families at conferences and given to the next year’s teacher as a point of reference.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • When a group of kindergarten students listens to a recorded book or works together at the smart board to match letters and sounds, they are learning the valuable skill of working together. When four or five students gather around a smart table, they can join forces in activities such as dragging word names to their matching numbers. Two students sitting together at a computer to determine living and nonliving things on a science program learn to cooperate.
  • While technology doesn’t take the place of vital, developmental play and hands-on learning, it adds to them, reinforcing traditional methods of teaching.
  •  
    the benefits of technology in kindergarten
ljurich

Implementation in Advocacy/Guidanace/Post-Secondary Preparation (Articles) - 0 views

  • a program for our seniors to explore their interests, passions, and possible career options during the two quarters before graduation. Each of the four years has a central theme around which we build curriculums, and “risk” is appropriate for the graduation year, one that culminates in personal achievement and plans for the future.
    • ljurich
       
      I love this! We have a responsibility to help EVERY student make an informed decision about their life after high school, and this particular school has created a purposeful, strategic plan for their system in helping students be confident and competent about what happens after graduation.
  • Authentic choices cannot exist without some degree of risk.
    • ljurich
       
      This reminds me of the "zone of proximal development" - that zone where learning occurs, where it's not "easy." Rather, it's challenging AND doable. It takes risk... an ACTIVE risk to move forward and tackle whatever challenge is in front of you. Experiencing risk is how we empower students for their future.
  • In such moments, teaching becomes a deeply reciprocal process by which we decide to learn not just from but with the students, embracing the risks that accompany students developing as independent thinkers and informed risk takers (K. Schultz, 2003). Moreover, when we offer choice, we model risk taking for them and demonstrate problem-solving skills, such as how to thoughtfully navigate uncertainty and address unforeseen obstacles.
    • ljurich
       
      This paragraph nicely captures the desired role of the teacher in order for our students to be empowered in their learning, while also developing a positive student/teacher relationship grounded as partners in learning.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Many teachers and administrators realize that online courses and programs can offer a different kind of learning environment, take advantage of true personalization, and challenge students to achieve at the levels at which they are capable. As one educator says: “Because of the e-learning aspect of our credit-recovery program, it also seems that have changed their attitudes toward credit recovery. They realize that credit recovery is not all worksheets, repetition and drudgery; it also means relearning the standards in engaging and interesting formats with lots of visuals and graphics to help students learn.”
    • ljurich
       
      So, whether it's online or face-to-face, it's 1) what we're asking students to do, and, 2) believing they can do it that makes a difference. They need higher cognitive learning experiences (i.e. Revised Blooms Taxonomy) and engaging activities that connect with who they are as individuals. If we truly believe they can be successful, then we'll put things into place to engage them. In other words, it's our collective efficacy that sets the stage for online learning AND face-to-face learning.
  • Stands up for student rights and concerns.
    • ljurich
       
      This is such an important role for the principal (or any adult working with the classroom teacher). Sometimes, students don't know how to advocate for themselves, or they are in a situation where an adult needs to intervene. By partnering with the classroom teacher in an instructional coaching role, the principal can provide support that will ultimately benefit the student. In other words, when teachers are learning at high levels, students learn at high levels.
  • learning plans starting from student interest, and the skills and knowledge a student has.
    • ljurich
       
      This makes sense because we are starting with the student's strengths and interests instead of what gaps exist. It's focusing on what the student CAN do, not can't.
  • The concept of LTIs goes hand in hand with developing learning plans and portfolios for post high school goals, whether it’s college, vocational school, apprenticeships or directly to work. From working on their learning plans, each student will have a portfolio that allows him or her to customize all of their experiences for application to each college or work situation.
    • ljurich
       
      Words that come to mind as I read this paragraph are authentic, future, real, and personalized.
schreckkimberly

PLE Articles - 5 views

  • Students now have access to desktop computers, smartphones, tablets, smart TVs and game systems that connect them to free online tools that are always available.
    • dixieluna
       
      This is a shift in mindset for many teachers. Students have a a great resource (their cellphone) however, teachers/school do not allow students to use their phones. This would also require a certain amount of trust between the students and teacher.
    • ctinkham
       
      I allow cell phones at all times in my class (we just have a talk about what "within reason" means and how to use them in moderation) for exactly this reason---I have kids that prefer to type papers on their phones because it is faster for them. However, most of the other teachers in our school do not allow them out in class, so it's hard to be "that teacher" that throws off the routine for everyone else. Honestly, however, it's so much easier---I don't have to spend 5 minutes arguing with a kid about their phone.
  • Students engaging in networked learning have to learn to be more self-directed than in the typical classroom
    • dixieluna
       
      Some students have a difficult time being self-directed. Is it difficult for teachers to know when to step in and when to step back?
    • hinzmanna
       
      I wonder the same thing, Dixie. I also wonder how much teacher direction is appropriate when setting up their PLE?
    • ctinkham
       
      or perhaps creating an exemplar for students, then maybe helping them get started, step by step, until they are a little more comfortable with the idea and process.
  • An eportfolio
    • dixieluna
       
      This is my "ah-ha" moment. As I began reading about Symbaloo, I was questioning the ways students would use this resource. I think it is a great and creative way to make an eportfolio.
    • ctinkham
       
      yes! A page in an e-portfolio or in an online resume to show interests or other resources.
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • This encourages students to apply their learning in different venues which creates a culture of lifelong learning.
    • dixieluna
       
      Isn't this one of our ultimate goals?
    • hinzmanna
       
      Right? No matter what approach one takes, I believe this is always an ultimate goal.
  • Personal Learning Environments (PLE) are not to be confused with Learning Management Systems (LMS) that are implemented and maintained by institutions. Here's a chart that outlines the differences:
    • ctinkham
       
      "Ah-ha" moment for me: so a PLE (a term with which I was previously unfamiliar) is basically a collection of resources that is organized and available to everyone, and one that everyone can contribute to? Great idea, as opposed to a teacher providing everything for the student.
    • trudicabrera
       
      I also think PLE's could be useful for small/large group projects as far as sharing resources. Group participants can share articles and they could use Diigo to share thoughts and ideas! I wish I knew about these things when I was in college!
  • Below is a video that shows how a 7th grade student uses Symbaloo as a PLE in her science class:
    • ctinkham
       
      am I missing a link? I'd like to see this
  • PLEs place a large amount of responsibility on students and thus requires a high level of self-management and awareness. Not every student is ready for this responsibility, so teachers need to have strategies in place to guide and support these learners.
  • PLEs place a large amount of responsibility on students and thus requires a high level of self-management and awareness. Not every student is ready for this responsibility, so teachers need to have strategies in place to guide and support these learners.
  • they liked the clean, visual interface of Symbaloo
    • marthaschwind
       
      I think Symbaloo will be easy for all students to use.
    • trudicabrera
       
      When I have used it in the past it has been easier for students to use on Chromebooks than iPads (atleast in my experience). I am excited to learn more about Symbaloo and hopefully learn some helpful tips/tricks to help better my usage of it in the classroom.
  • nstead of a teacher providing resources that everyone uses, students can utilize their PLE to acquire information using preferred apps and resources such as blogs, YouTube, Pinterest, Ning or Delicious.
    • trudicabrera
       
      I teach first grade and have used symbaloo previously, however I am not sure if my students would benefit from having their own PLE's via symbaloo. In the past I have logged into my symbaloo on their ipads so they can access the resources (kahoot, myOn, pbsKids, etc) I want them too. I need a major "make-over" to my symbaloo, it isn't very student friendly.
  • The idea of having one site to log into daily and then a pre-constructed  dashboard of all the learning tools and spaces available to us seemed appealing
    • trudicabrera
       
      I think this is extremely appealing to students, you can have the symbaloo page set as the home screen on computers and all of the websites/resources that are approved would be right at the disposal for the students.
    • schreckkimberly
       
      Truly an empowering and exciting way to guide students to collect information and demonstrate their learning. My kids ask to get on their symbaloo pages at home after school to show me what they are learning. If parents have access to the symbaloo pages too, they can actively be a part of their child's learning for that class.
  • A collection of resources related to a problem-based learning challenge
    • ljurich
       
      Another idea generated for me! As each student team is working on a particular Orbis project, I'm thinking each project could have it's own symbaloo dashboard.
  • The notion of a PLE for students, grounding them intentionally in an environment of information tools and productive applications, is a great way to seek, develop, and structure that balanced approach.  
    • ljurich
       
      This is great reminder that while students are technology natives, we have a responsibility to teach them positive, professional behaviors.
  • I encouraged students to use their accounts as an information dashboard for “professional” or school interests as well as personal passions.
    • ljurich
       
      This has generated an idea for me to use Symbaloo in Orbis as a way for students to create individual portfolios showcasing evidence of their growth in the 3 key outcomes of Orbis: collaboration, problem-solving, and leadership.
  • Personal learning environments are beneficial because they support learning anywhere and allow learners to connect the diverse environments of school, home and play.
    • ljurich
       
      I'm thinking about how valuable a resource like Symbaloo could be for students, especially as they contribute to it, for them to use it far beyond the scope of the classroom, after the class/course has ended.
    • schreckkimberly
       
      Agreed. This is how we continue to be learners as adults too. We all have our resources we regularly check in with to learn based on our interests and needs. Guiding students to learn to use technology in this way is truly opening the door to life-long learners.
  • are no longer the primary or even the best source of information available to students
    • schreckkimberly
       
      It is humbling and yet exciting to shift from the "sage at the stage" role to the "guide at the side". I feel that students will also feel a greater sense of support from teachers, whose job is to help them utilize tools to stretch their learning beyond what they alone can offer the student.
  • Study group resources
    • schreckkimberly
       
      I love that this is included as valuable-- sites that student groups can visit for peer collaboration. Important to remember that so many students are social learners and may acquire their deepest learning by collaborating with other students as opposed to individual exploration.
bkoller86

"Personalized" vs. "Personal" Learning - 2 views

  • Educators at the EduCon conference hosted by Science Leadership Academy eagerly discussed the merits and challenges of personalizing learning. Dozens of teachers agreed that a truly personalized learning experience requires student choice, is individualized, meaningful and resource rich. This kind of learning allows students to work at their own pace and level, meets the individual needs of students, and perhaps most importantly, is not a one-size fits all model. Technology was strikingly absent from these conversations. Instead, the common view of personalization focused on giving agency for learning to the student and valuing each individual in a classroom.
    • anonymous
       
      So do the students get the necessary skills first from the teacher then are able to choose what they want to learn about? How would a teacher then keep track of how they are learning?
    • djarends
       
      I wonder that. Would they use the portfolio method? I also wonder about the choice issue. How is this being accomplished? Are they given the assignment / task and have choice within the project or do they have complete choice over what they learn? 
    • kbolinger
       
      I was wondering some of these same things too. How do students get the necessary prerequisite skills needed to complete their chosen task...the teacher? a computer? If you have 25 students and they all want/need to learn about a concept in different way or they choose different projects at multiple levels of learning, how does one teacher possibly manage that? Are young students able to have as much choice as older students or does that increase as students grow and understand more about themselves as a learner?
  • However, in order to navigate the system of accountability in the U.S. educational system, many school district leaders require public school educators to teach a specific curriculum that will be evaluated on standardized tests, while at the same time telling teachers to be innovative and creative within their classrooms.
    • anonymous
       
      I would think there would be math and science teachers asking about how personalized learning would help students improve standardized test scores for those areas. Should the specific curriculum in the U.S. educational system be tweaked to allow more personalized learning? 
    • bkoller86
       
      I think there is a balance between personalized learning and standardized learning. I would like the end goal would be the same for everyone, but the road to get there would be personalized. 
  • Give them opportunities to learn personally, to create their own texts and courses of study, and to pursue that learning with others in and out of the classroom who share a passion.
    • anonymous
       
      I love this idea! As a Spanish teacher, I want to give them the skills for communication but then let them explore and learn what they want to learn how they want to learn - can't wait to explore that option!
    • Denise Tatoian
       
      I agree! Students need to have the skills first then explore what and how they want to learn.
    • kkoller
       
      I like this idea because it teaches students to take ownership of their learning. It might also motivate those kids who constantly encounter on a daily basis that hate school. I wonder though from an elementary perspective, how do we change how we do things to better prepare our students for this kind of education?
    • bkoller86
       
      Whenever students and apply the skills to a passion of theirs students are able to see the purpose of courses they have taken. Students who struggle in math and science learn many of those skills in my agriculture class because they are engaged in a passion of theirs. 
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • From what I’ve seen, flipping doesn’t do much for helping kids become better learners in the sense of being able to drive their own edu
  • the best thing we can do for kids is empower them to make regular, important, thoughtful decisions about their own learning, what they learn and how they learn it, and to frame our use of language in that larger shift, not simply in the affordances for traditional curriculum delivery that the tools of the moment might bring.
    • anonymous
       
      Teachers need to think about goals & practices but students should also be thinking about their goals and how they learn and process information in the classroom! 
    • djarends
       
      Agree! 
    • Denise Tatoian
       
      I agree, but the skills to do so need to be there first.
  • Personalized’ learning is something that we do to kids; ‘personal’ learning is something they do for themselves.”[4]
    • anonymous
       
      This is the second reference I've seen for this quote - should we then be gearing students towards a more "personal" learning concept?  
    • kbolinger
       
      I was thinking the same thing. It looks like the actual definition of Personalized Learning is widely debated. It would be nice if there was one term that, when spoken by educators, we would all be on the same page as to what it refers to. Either way, and no matter what it is called, the outcome that we are looking for should be the same - learner-centered schools that give students complete voice and choice.
  • A personalized environment gives students the freedom to follow a meaningful line of inquiry, while building the skills to connect, synthesize and analyze information into original productions.
    • djarends
       
      I like how this is worded. Students have freedom and choice. The task / learning is meaningful. Many high school students become frustrated because they do not see a reason for doing something. They learn skills that goes beyond just memorizing materials. They have to synthesize and analyze the information. Well worded.
  • lend themselves well to the computerized, modular and often very standardized system of “personalization” many ed-tech companies are offering.
    • djarends
       
      I become frustrated when I hear about this programs or are being pushed by administrators. I know they work for some students, but even those students need some guidance. I feel learning is more than just reading and completing material on the computer. It is interacting with people. The business world wants students that graduate with people skills (communication, cooperation, collaboration, etc.). Will this happen in a ed-tech "personalization" program only? 
  • It’s a dramatic shift that requires new literacies to navigate all that access and, importantly, new dispositions to take advantage of it for learning.
    • djarends
       
      "Ah, ha": As a person who has been teaching for a while and one who did not even know what a computer was until having to take a course at college for education, this rang true for me. It is a literacies that has to be learned by the older generation. My students are so immersed in this technology literacy. They navigate the web very quickly. They do not usually have the fear of the web which needs to be taught. Most of my students just laugh at me when I ask for help but do it willingly and are great teachers. I have learned a lot from them and appreciate their technology literacy skills.
  • “personal” learning is something they do for themselves
    • djarends
       
      I had not considered the differences before. I like that the students do it for themselves. I think they are more willing to learn when they have a purpose and the learning is much deeper. 
  • But if the point is to help kids understand ideas from the inside out and answer their own questions about the world, then what they’re doing is already personal (and varied).
    • djarends
       
      Facts are nothing without the understanding. What do the students THINK about their learning. The five Ws. Students become frustrated at me when I ask my favorite questions "How" or "Why" do you think that. It is hard to express our thinking. It is easy to spit out facts. 
  • because of the larger preoccupation with data data data data data.
    • djarends
       
      IEPs!
  • in the best student-centered, project-based education, kids spend much of their time learning with and from one another. Thus, while making sense of ideas is surely personal, it is not exclusively individual because it involves collaboration and takes place in a community.
    • djarends
       
      I am glad this was added. I worry about not having students that can work well with other. 
  • Dozens of teachers agreed that a truly personalized learning experience requires student choice, is individualized, meaningful and resource rich. This kind of learning allows students to work at their own pace and level, meets the individual needs of students, and perhaps most importantly, is not a one-size fits all model.
    • Denise Tatoian
       
      When discussing the merits and challenges of personalized learning, it's alarming to me that technology was absent from the converstations when most of what I read includes the use of technology.
  • many school district leaders require public school educators to teach a specific curriculum that will be evaluated on standardized tests, while at the same time telling teachers to be innovative and creative within their classrooms. When that happens, the structures around the classroom leave little room for the kind of authentic, whole-child personalization many teachers dream of offering.
    • Denise Tatoian
       
      I like that conversations are getting serious about personalized learning, but how do we get school districts on board when training, planning, technology, etc., are driven by time and funding?
  • In a world where we can explore almost every interest or passion in depth on our own or with others, it’s crucially more important to have the dispositions and the skills to create our own educational opportunities, not be trained to wait for opportunities that someone else has selected for delivery.
    • Denise Tatoian
       
      Comes down to training. Not all students have the skills to create their own personal learning.
    • albertscarr
       
      I remember in 4th grade when my teacher got mad at me when I couldn't finish my math paper "on time." It would have been so much easier to go at my own pace!
  • She cautions educators who may be excited about the progressive educational implications for “personalized learning” to make sure everyone they work with is on the same page about what that phrase means.
    • albertscarr
       
      In reading these articles there does seem to be a lot of individual definitions of "personalization." However on the flip side it is personalized, so everyone is going to have their own definition.
  • Personalization promises better student achievement and, I believe, a more effective delivery method than any one teacher with 25 or 30 students in a classroom can compete with. It’s a no-brainer, right?
    • albertscarr
       
      With a class that size its hard to see any growth of any student with traditional methods. Personalization would help the teacher keep tack of each child's progress
  • The main objective is just to raise test scores
    • albertscarr
       
      Then we need to rethink the way we test!
    • bkoller86
       
      I agree test scores carry to much weight, but they aren't going away anytime soon. To many people in powerful places want to know where their money is going. 
  • it is clear that all children don’t learn the same way and personalization seems to honor those differences
    • kbolinger
       
      I agree. Personalization seems to be an almost perfect answer to addressing all of the different needs, learning styles, and achievement levels in our classrooms today. I wonder if this approach will become the norm for schools, and, if so, how long will it take for schools to completely adopt this model.
    • bkoller86
       
      I also agree. In a time we look at test score more and more it is increasingly more important to move every student forward. Not all children learn the same way; we can't expect them to show growth if we don't personalize the learning.
  • Personalization is often used in the ed-tech community to describe a student moving through a prescribed set of activities at his own pace
    • kbolinger
       
      I feel much more knowledgeable about Personalized Learning today than I did a week ago. If someone would have asked me then if an adaptive learning or a computerized program that is tailored to a student's level and progresses them at their own pace is personalized learning, I surely would have said, "Yes!" I have now come to realize that there are many Personalized Learning components that are missing with just an adaptive learning program. Where is the student choice or goal setting? What if a computer is not that student's preferred learning method?
  • The only choice a student gets is what box to check on the screen and how quickly to move through the exercises
    • kkoller
       
      Teachers often use websites that will modify lessons to the student to push them ahead of their peers. I am just as guilty of this because I will often have students who are high in math, and have no one to put them with, so I use a website to help them progress. They make progress because it is personalized to them, but it doesn't tap into their interest and learning style. 
  • For many educators that’s not the true meaning of “personalized learning.” “That has nothing to do with the person sitting in front of you,” Laufenberg said. “It meets the needs of an individual in a very standardized way, but it doesn’t take into account who that kid is.
    • kkoller
       
      I feel teachers turn to technology because that is the quick fix to getting student learning to be ore personalized. We struggle to get enough staff, and numbers keep increasing in classrooms. How are teachers suppose to be creative and innovative when they can't get help in the room? 
  • Our kids (and we ourselves) are suddenly walking around with access to the sum of human knowledge in our pockets and connections to literally millions of potential teachers.
    • kkoller
       
      It is a great thing that we have such incredible access to information and others in our profession. It allows us to make connections, and reach out in education to see how other districts are getting it done. However, we as educators need to teach our students that while the access is wonderful, we need be careful of what we read. Students need to be taught the literacies of technology, and how to be critical of information found. 
  • others
  • opportunities
anonymous

ollie1reppert: Iowa Online Teaching Standards - 0 views

  • Has knowledge of learning theory appropriate to online learning, which may include (but is not limited to) age and ability level, multiple intelligences, didactic conversation, student developmental influences, constructivism, behaviorism, cognitivism, connectivism, and group theory
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      Wow, this is certainly a sentence loaded with many educational concepts. It would take me a week just define those concepts!
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      I need to add a few more words to explain my interest in this passage. This passage indicates why teaching and learning aren't only important, but they can be difficult, too.
    • jorge malagon
       
      Online instruction is growing across the nation, the main reason in the lower cost, compared with the traditional classroom; experts indicate there is not enough evidence online instruction is indicated to all teenage students. I have seen many of them dropping online classes in Plato; kids need to socialize.
  • Provides substantive, timely, and constructive feedback to students
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      Hopefully, that is a aspect that can be achieved through online quizzes and tests. I wonder how else it coud get done?
    • Doug Gaul
       
      Can also get consturctive feedback through google docs where you could make comments right on the document the student is working on.
    • Mike Adair
       
      I'm hoping to see the benefits of Google docs as my district pushes their use this school year. I the idea of a comment area.
    • Deanna Tegeler
       
      I am looking forward to providing immediate feedback to students using some of the assessment programs.
    • Deb Richmann
       
      There is a service called crocodoc.com that allows you to mark student work, written work I should say. This will be another alternative to marking. Glogster & kidblog allow you to make comments for the students.
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      Last year my son had an English class that made use of googledocs and online comments. The teacher didn't always get back to him in a timely manner. Plus, even though they saw each other everyday in class, they didn't talk about the issues on writing the essay on googledocs.
  • Communicates with students effectively and consistently
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      This concept could be much more difficult than what it appears, especially when it comes to typing conversation back and forth between people.
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      I find it interesting that this concept is somewhat buried in the list of items. To me, it is the most important one.
    • Mike Adair
       
      Your first point is well-taken, Brian. Add to that the difficult task of a teacher trying to communicate with their elementary-aged students in person and now attempting to do the same thing online. Not for the faint of heart!
  • ...32 more annotations...
  • Assists students with technology
    • Doug Gaul
       
      Teach students where to find help rather then spending all of your time showing them exactly what to do. This is where the real learning from technology comes from
    • Mike Adair
       
      If I might add to your astute thought, Doug, to also guide the students in determining how the information they found will be used to assist in their learning. More times than not, kids seem to grab information for the sake of possessing it without taking into consideration their intentions on how to utilize it.
    • Deb Richmann
       
      I agree with you, they really lack that thinking skill. They are very accustomed to the grab & go answer and find it hard to take risks in delving deeper into a topic.
    • susan strube
       
      I find that some of my students end up teaching/showing me! They are all so good natured about helping me when they know something I don't! My favorite part of teaching however, is collaborating WITH my students on research projects and sharing in theri excitement when they discover great resources in unfamiliar places.
  • different needs of students, including different learning styles
    • Doug Gaul
       
      A different set of challanges in an online course. Harder to find out different student needs.
    • Deb Richmann
       
      Yes, but I think this will open up more alternatives for students to learn & get more involved in the learning process which should help eliminate behavioral issues.
    • Jason Endress
       
      This is a great opportunity to incorporate youtube videos for visual learners, "guest lecturers" available through podcasts for audio learners and various "hands on activities" for the tactile learner. Having instant access to such a wealth of multimedia information/activities should make it easier to accomodate multiple learning styles. However, this will require additional research and time on the part of the teacher to find appropriate resources to include.
  • student feedback data to improve the course
    • Mike Adair
       
      This is an area I wish to improve this school year. Instead of a basic exit survey that doesn't tell me much, I'd like to either find or create something in the way of feedback that I could actually use to improve my lesson or unit in the future.
    • Deb Richmann
       
      I could improve in this area as well Mike. I don't like using tests because they are a quick view of what they know. Much of what my students do is very open ended projects and it's hard to grade these until you figure what a student is capable of.
    • susan strube
       
      I have created a course evaluation that I use for students at the end of the year and I find it to be valuable. I'm sure there are better ones, but I would be happy to email/share a form I have created for students. Obviously it could be edited and should be to fit the changes I make each year to my class.
    • Deena Fries
       
      Sue it would be great to get a copy of that evaluation. It could be put into your moodle class as a survey through survey monkey.
    • Jason Endress
       
      Our principal has begun to create a student exit survey that could be used school or department wide. This was created using survey monkey. The science department "field tested" it in the spring. The way that the questions were worded and the feed back provided was able to give us great insight into what was working and not working as well as what the students appreciated in terms of learning activities and levels of rigor.
  • standards for student behavior
    • Mike Adair
       
      Our district unveiling a new district-wide student-use policy this August. Though I know they're needed, the problem I see with these policies is that after you've spent the time agreeing on and writing up the rules it can already be considered outdated due to the rapid expance of technology.
    • Deb Richmann
       
      We also have a newly written AUP and it is hard to keep them updated so if well written it should be able to adjust for the times. Many districts don't revise these very often. I think they should be revisited a minimum of every 2-3 years to allow for changes.
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      I might be wrong, but the policies probably need to be updated every six months to sort of keep up with new technology. That or the policies will have to be very broad, which has positives and negatives, too.
  • Understands the differences between teaching online and teaching face-to-face
    • Kristina Greenfield
       
      This is interesting. There is definately things to consider in an online classroom that you don't in a face-to-face classroom. However, as a classroom teacher, adding an online compenent to my course has required me to be more thoughtful, organized, explicit, and available. All of which have helped me meet more of my students' needs.
    • susan strube
       
      I don't know how to be an online teacher yet....I love what I do in my classroom and I think I'm a really effective teacher, but I'm always eager to improve. I think I have more to learn about the difference between the two. This is the first on line class I have taken and though it is frustrating when I don't understand, it is forcing me to stick with something longer/ problem solve more on my own!
    • Ashlea Ahrenholtz
       
      The more that I discuss online learning, the more I think about the face-to-face teaching. I feel that this tows a fine line as we all have a variety of learners in our classroom. Balancing the face-to-face and online instruction is an element of teaching that also depends on the age level you are teaching. I think that the older the learners are, the more content they be exposed to online.
  • Designs the structure of the course and the presentation of the content to best enhance student learning, including using unit/lesson overviews and reviews, using patterns in lesson sequencing, and using appropriate visual web design techniques
    • Deanna Tegeler
       
      This is why I am taking this course. I want to enhance my students learning and I feel that greater incorporation of meaningful/appropriate technology use will allow me to do that.
  • Promotes learning through online collaboration group work that is goal-oriented and focused
    • Deanna Tegeler
       
      This is one of the items that I am most excited about using with Moodle. I want to have a way other than my classroom observations to see how students are working through problems and learning from each other. Wiki's, Google docs and forums will allow me to see who is sharing their ideas and how other students respond to them.
  • Creates a safe environment, managing conflict
    • Deanna Tegeler
       
      This is one of my concerns about online learning. I have found that students often are willing to say things in print that they would not have the nerve to say to someone face to face. I feel that I will have to devote some time in training the students on what appropriate feedback would include and not include.
  • Is knowledgeable and has the ability to use computer programs required in online education to improve learning and teaching, including course management software (CMS) and synchronous/asynchronous communication tools (chat, email, web 2.0, videoconferencing, webinar, whiteboard, etc.) (SREB B.3, Varvel III.B)
  • Is knowledgeable and has the ability to use computer programs required in online education to improve learning and teaching, including course management software (CMS) and synchronous/asynchronous communication tools (chat, email, web 2.0, videoconferencing, webinar, whiteboard, etc.) (SREB B.3, Varvel III.B)
    • Deb Richmann
       
      Are some school districts going to have to open up the restrictions on chat and remove some of their filtering to allow teachers access to some of these capabilities.
    • Jason Endress
       
      Deb, I think that you are correct, school districts will have to "loosen up" a bit. The other concern is access to technology/internet for students that come from low income families or families that might be homeless and do not have regular access outside of normal school hours.
  • Is knowledgeable and has the ability to use computer programs required in online education to improve learning and teaching, including course management software (CMS) and synchronous/asynchronous communication tools (chat, email, web 2.0, videoconferencing, webinar, whiteboard, etc.) (SREB B.3, Varvel III.B)
  • uses techniques to engage students
    • Deb Richmann
       
      This will require many teachers to loosen the grip they feel they need to have on their students. Teachers need to learn to be more of a supportive role for students.
    • susan strube
       
      I love being a facilitator, mentor and collaborator and not just a dispensor of information!
  • techniques for dealing with issues arising from inappropriate student technological use
    • Deb Richmann
       
      Teachers need to know the AUP and what administration will do when inappropriate action is discovered. All teachers should be in agreement with the course of action.
    • susan strube
       
      I think the biggest obstacle for out district is Catching the little perps in their misconduct. lol --is that appropriate in an anotation?
  • Provides and communicates evidence of learning and course data to students and colleagues (SREB J.6, ITS 1.a)
    • susan strube
       
      I suppose this was one of the purposes of teacher portfolios, but I think evidence is growing in importance as NCLB continues to drive education and there is more pressure to prove student proficiency. This is going to require more use of technology, I suspect, to gather and maintain the data needed.
  • Selects and uses technologies appropriate to the content that enhance learning
    • susan strube
       
      This is the area I am struggling with. I am not a technology native and I am not well read or experienced with technology. I get overwhelmed by so many options, I freeze up. I need to have someone help me identify one or two tools that I can understand and use effectively in my curriculum and then focus on just those 2 pieces of technology until I gain more confidence.
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5
    • susan strube
       
      I think that is the purpose of this class.
  • iNACOL
    • jorge malagon
       
      Stands for International Association for K-12 Online Learning
  • Online Teaching
    • jorge malagon
       
      There is a broad spectrum of independent studies and diverse mediums to channel them; distance learning, correspondence, hybrid classes, computers, teleconference, cell-phones, educational television, etc. I guess standards would need to be adapted to each type of class.
    • Jason Endress
       
      Jorge, I agree with you that the phrase on-line teaching incorporates a broad spectrum of courses/means of delivery. Each type of course whether hybrid, distance learning, etc is going to have its own unique intereactions and pedagogy. As a result, it might be necessary to visit and re-evaluate these standards as times and technology change.
  • Incorporates social aspects
    • jorge malagon
       
      I like the rewording from "classroom management" to "incorporate social aspects", mostly behavioral ones; there is a lot less need for classroom management in the online instructional process; in eithe setting, it is crucial to count with the elements of engagement and social skills in order to accompllish the academic goals.
  • Identifies and communicates learning outcomes and expectations through a course overview/orientation (Varvel IV.A, ITS 3.b)
    • Jill Schany
       
      I think this is so important. I am curious how many district require this in a syllabus or something similar at the beginning of the year?
    • Ashlea Ahrenholtz
       
      That is a great point! My guess would be that there are not many requirements, yet. If there are, I am sure they are rather vague at the moment and will be getting more in depth in the upcoming years. Speaking from the standpoint of my district, I can say that most technology "extras" or resources are not required, but many are encouraged.
  • Continuously 2uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies (SREB J.7, ITS 1.c)
  • Continuously 2 uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies (SREB J.7, ITS 1.c)
    • Jill Schany
       
      I think the key word here is the word continually. This means that we have to look at more than tests and venture further into ancedotal assessments and similar ongoing classroom checks--such as checks for understanding.
  • Understands and uses course content that complies with intellectual property rights and fair use, and assists students in complying as well (SREB E.5, Varvel I.B)
    • Jill Schany
       
      I feel that this is not always done and will be essentail when technology becomes so common--such as with a 1:1 initiative. An understanding of these fair use policies is necessary for educators also.
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student
    • Marcia Jensen
       
      I am finding a whole different point of view as I use Moodle as a student rather than as a teacher. I find I have more questions about where components of the assignments are, and kind of worry about keeping all the tasks straight. I really want to think about this as I design my own course.
    • Brian Sauerbrei
       
      I'm struggling with those issues just for this one class. I couldn't imagine trying to keep more than one online class going on at a time. That may be the product of my non-digital native bias. Maybe for the present youth it will be no big deal. I struggle with the different technologies I'm expected to use as a teacher: Powerschool, gmail, igoogle, google docs, google class web site, Smartboard, etc. On the other hand, maybe having to learn and use new technology will help to prevent or slow Alzheimers. : )
  • Demonstrates effective instructional strategies and techniques, appropriate for online education, that align with course objectives and assessment
    • Marcia Jensen
       
      This is an area of interest to me. I know how to teach face to face, but want to learn techniques that are appropriate to online learning and that actually help the students learn.
  • Creates a learning community that encourages collaboration and interaction, including student-teacher, student-student, and student-content (SREB D.2, Varvel VII.B, ITS 6.a)
    • Sandra Campie
       
      We teachers can learn so much from each other! I believe an online course can be set up to facilitate that well.
    • Jason Endress
       
      There are so many resources available to include to allow for the social compnent. Ideas include googledocs, wikis, chats, etc as we learned in the first unit of this course.
  • Creates or selects multiple assessment instruments that are appropriate for online learning (SREB H.1, Varvel VI.C)
    • Sandra Campie
       
      This is an area I would like to develop. How can we be sure our students are learning during the course so that we are able to address any misconceptions?
  • University
  • Demonstrates ability to enhance academic performance
    • Jason Endress
       
      A key phrase in this is "to enhance academic performance". This means that we, as teachers, need to be utilizing these online strategies to help students learn and perform better than they would without access to these resources. Many times teachers attempt to try something new simply to say that they've tried a new activity, but our goal with doing something new should be to improve student learning over where it has been previously.
  • including rubrics for student performances
    • Jason Endress
       
      Moodle makes it very easy to share assessment criteria, especially rubrics with students prior to an assessment so that they may know how/what they are being graded on.
Kathleen Goslinga

mollie3-1: Lesson Planning: The Missing Link in e-Learning Course Design - 2 views

  • Lesson plans are merely templates that can guide the development of good e-Instruction, saving much time and effort by minimizing revisions and misunderstandings.
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      As a teacher, I use lesson plans as a way to outline my instructional steps, so this helps connect what I do to the online environment design.
  • No matter how many examples of e-Learning courses my students review and critique, and no matter which text we use in class, many of the students’ initial attempts are sorely lacking when compared to the courses of more experienced designers. To put it simply, there is little or no instruction in the students’ e-Learning, and the “voice of the instructor”
    • Mary Trent
       
      I find that I have to go over and over my online classes I create just to make sure I'm writing all the things I would say if I was teaching a face-to-face class.  I often times have my husband or others go in and read my descriptions and lessons to make sure it makes sense to s stranger. I think when we are creating online lessons, we can get too close to it to see what's missing.  It helps to have someone from the outside evaluate it for you. Mary Trent
  • Though developing a lesson plan for e-Learning is similar in many ways to developing a lesson plan for instructor-led learning, there are also differences. IDs need to remember that there is no instructor present in self-paced e-Learning, and simple as this sounds, it does take some getting used to. This concept is especially difficult to grasp for experienced stand-up trainers and facilitators who are new to designing instruction.
    • Mary Trent
       
      When creating a lesson, you have to have opportunities for review as well as extension activities.  You also need to give students opportunities to get feedback from you along the way.  It needs to be more than just "Good job." I like to use Zoom or Adobe Connect to hold virtual classroom meetings to  answer questions and get to know my participants.  It has proven to be very valuable. Mary Trent
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Mary: I would agree providing opportunities to connect virtually for meetings or questions has been beneficial. I like the idea of having a time that students can talk with you in the off chance they have questions but need more individualized support and may not feel comfortable asking in a group meeting.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • Detailed lesson plans help to ensure that there is adequate instruction — practice and feedback — for each learning objective.
    • Mary Trent
       
      I think it is really important especially in online classes to stay in contact with your participants and give them quality feedback and aske probing questions. This helps to make connections and to develop the discussions.
  • The graduate students’ learning products are not just mere “page turners,” they are lacking both in interactivity to hold the learner’s interest and to ensure that learning occurs, and in sufficient information to guide the learner through the lesson or course. I spend a great deal of time asking students, “How would the learner know that?”
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      I definitely agree that most online courses are missing the interactivity to hold the learner's interest and clarity of instruction to help the learner know what is expected or the procedure to follow.
  • Comparative lesson plans help to ensure that self paced e-Learning includes the “voice of the instructor.”
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      Lessons that contain the "voice of the instructor" are key to connecting with the learner. It is important to provide adequate information to answer questions before they are asked. It is also important to give your instructions "personality" so the learner does not feel alone.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Nancy: I appreciate when examples are given by the instructor if there might be questions for clarification. The way Evan and Kristen have given an example in the forum eliminate questions that may have occurred.
  • And we assume that they know the limitations and possibilities of the course media. Detailed lesson plans are particularly useful for this last point. While we ask IDs to be creative in designing instruction, we also ask that they be cognizant of the appropriate use of media for instruction. Last, but not least, we also ask that they be mindful of the budget.
    • Nancy Peterman
       
      I found the mention of being mindful of the budget something I had not considered while developing online lessons or courses. It seems easy to add media to a course without expense until you need to pay for cloud storage.
  • The point of the template is to force a comparison between the two instructional delivery modes, and to make the differences between them explicit to the ID.
    • bgeanaea11
       
      I think this helps a new teacher to think through the similarites and differences before teaching the course.
  • • Purpose — Why is it important? • How will it help them in the future?
    • bgeanaea11
       
      I like these questions! This is really great to remind us of the point of the lesson/learning!
  • Developing instruction at the learning objective level also helps IDs to chunk information
  • What do they need to know or do? How will they learn it? How will we and they know they know?
    • bgeanaea11
       
      More great focus questions!
  • Michael Allen’s Guide to e-Learning: Building Interactive, Fun, and Effective Learning Programs for Any Company, “Storyboards and design specifications are unacceptably weak in comparison to functional prototypes.” (
  • Gain attention
  • Inform learner of objectives Stimulate recall of prior learning Present stimulus materials Provide learner guidance Elicit performance Provide feedback Assess performance Enhance retention and transfer
  • “R” in RID stands for “Rapid,” not “Rushed.”
  • An IDP may also include information about the technical requirements — both software and hardware — for taking the course.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      This is very important. I learned the hard way that you cannot assume participants have what is needed for system requirements. This was evident when teaching the integration of online resources course. I assumed teachers had been using the resources and were taking the class to further their individual learning. I found out most have not even logged in before and the baseline information needs to be provided in the welcome which includes: general login (username and password) along with detailed instructions for set-up of individual teacher accounts for development of unit portfolios. I find myself continually making revisions for ease of understanding and delivery.
  • Once the appropriate stakeholders approve the IDP, instructional designers start the storyboarding process. Designers (or their managers) often expect to move effortlessly between creating an IDP and developing storyboards from it.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      I can see the importance of storyboarding every possible item so that you can reduce or eliminate a rough beginning. This may result in working at the lowest level to be assured all participants are starting at the same point. An example: In the introduction there would be general login (username and password) along with teacher account set-up information. If the participant has completed this previously then the step can be bypassed.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      My example is in reference to the Online Resources course currently being offered.
  • Another convention in the example requires informing the learner of the approximate time it takes it complete the instruction.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      The pacing chart has been very helpful especially when time can be a factor. The approximate time allowed at a quick glance to see what could be accomplished during that session. This is something I have started to develop for inclusion in my course to better inform students.
  • • Instructor may model or learner may model • Needs to be visual and verbal
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      This is a great point and one that I need to incorporate more often. I appreciate they way our instructors have modeled PoodLL and the forums.
  •  
    As a teacher, I use lesson plans as a way to outline my instructional steps, so this helps connect what I do to the online environment design.
whsfieldbio

Article(s): Self- and Peer-Assessment Online - 0 views

  • The instructor models the technique (use of a checklist or rubric, for example); students then try the technique themselves; finally, students discuss whether and how well the technique worked and what to do differently next time.
    • kimgrissom
       
      This is really key. I found especially with HS kids, they can get easily frustrated with self-assessment because they've been trained to just turn it in and pray. Going through the process with them explicitly helps them feel more comfortable with the process.
  • increase student responsibility and autonomy • strive for a more advanced and deeper understanding of the subject matter, skills and processes • lift the role and status of the student from passive learner to active leaner and assessor (this also encourages a deeper approach to learning) • involve students in critical reflection • develop in students a better understanding of their own subjectivity and judgement.
    • kimgrissom
       
      All of these are worthy goals that I think almost every HS teacher I know would like to see more of in their students.
  • Students feel ill equipped to undertake the assessment.
    • kimgrissom
       
      This is really true. In teaching writing, I've found that having them do some peer assessment first gives them better perspective and fresh eyes to come back to their own writing. They have a much clearer view of their own strengths and weaknesses after seeing some of their peers' attempts at the same task.
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • “The difference between self-assessment and giving the teacher what he or she wants was a recurring theme. A few students referred to self-assessment in terms of their own expectations. More often, however, students spoke of the tension between their own and the teacher’s expectations. … Over and over again, students rejected their own judgments of their work in favor of guessing how their teacher or professor would grade it.”
    • kimgrissom
       
      I've seen this a lot--especially in our best students. They have achieved so much in school because they've gotten good at giving teachers what they want. But learning to critically reflect on their own understanding or their own measure of quality is a skill we definitely need our best students to master.
  • my experience is that the points do not motivate the student to participate in the project on the front end, but more allows the other group members to express his or her dissatisfaction with the other group members lack of participation or cooperation.
    • kimgrissom
       
      This doesn't seem to reach the goals of self and peer assessment this lesson has been focusing on. In fact, it would likely have a negative impact on the class culture.
  • develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term. This allows them to become more comfortable with each other and leads to better peer feedback.
    • jennham
       
      I had never thought about leaving students in the same group for an extended period of time. It truly makes sense and I am eager to try it instead of switching them up constantly.
  • Students may be reluctant to make judgements regarding their peers.
    • jennham
       
      This is the issue I run into most frequently when my students engage in peer assessment. I try to overcome that by explaining they are not being mean, and they are actually helping when they come up with constructive feedback, but then they tell them everything "looks great" anyway.
  • Students in this sample reported that their attitudes toward self-assessment became more positive as their experiences with the process accumulated.
    • jennham
       
      I think this is key. It will seem strange and possibly not beneficial to students at first. However, the more they engage in self-assessment, the better they will become and the more it will mean to them and to their learning.
  • They also recommend that teachers share expectations for assignments and define quality. Showing students examples of effective and ineffective pieces of work can help to make those definitions real and relevant.
    • jennham
       
      This is so important. I have always found it frustrating myself when I feel instructions are vague. I like to have clear-cut ideas on what I need to do. I know my own kids feel this same way. They often expressive anger over assignments in school where they feel their teacher did not clearly explain intended outcomes.
  • As this work illustrates, self-assessment need not necessarily be about self-grading.
    • jennham
       
      This is primarily how I use self-assessment in my classroom (upper elementary). I feel it gives the students the opportunity to improve on their work without stressing them out on grading themselves too harshly.
  • The instructor usually takes the average of the peer evaluations, and shares this grade with each team member which serves as the student’s grade in the peer evaluation portion.
    • jennham
       
      While I can see why an instructor might want to use this method, it is not my favorite method. If I force myself to think about it objectively, it does have merit. I, however, prefer grades to come solely from the instructor, especially when the class is for credit.
  • Students can become better language learners when they engage in deliberate thought about what they are learning and how they are learning it.
    • annott
       
      When I first started teaching, I would have laughed at anyone who said this. But I have evolved, and now embrace this concept.
  • Portfolio assessment emphasizes evaluation of students' progress, processes, and performance over time.
    • annott
       
      For the last few years, I have had students create their own websites, and post all of our projects on them. Its a great way to showcase their learning.
  • peer pressure to apply elevated grades or friendships may influence the assessment,
    • annott
       
      Students do want to "fit" in. So sometimes grades are inflated.
    • whsfieldbio
       
      Some LMS allow you to complete anonymous peer reviews which may eliminate some of the popularity aspects if the assignment itself does not give away who completed it. This could help, but still is a disadvantage.
  • The concept of peer review, which leaves for the most part the instructor out of the equation,
    • annott
       
      I have become to believe that the students should be driving their learning.
  • assign a team grade, but not to use peer evaluations. 
    • annott
       
      I have totally moved away from Team grades, as there just doesn't seem to be a fair way of assessing them as a team.
  • When they self-assessed, these students reported that they checked their work, revised it, and reflected on it more generally
    • annott
       
      Another good reason to take the time to teach students how to self assess.
  • In this paradigm, self-assessment is not the same as self-grading.
    • whsfieldbio
       
      This is a good point that I need to reflect on. I have had students in high school class and adult students in PD complete a self reflection. Partially, to easy my work load as they gave a first look at thier work that allowed me to confirm or deny the grade they gave themselves. Seeing this more of an opportunity to grow and improve is more important than selfishly easying my grading work load.
  • students that cannot provide feedback due to the lack of necessary skills, whether it be education background or language.
    • whsfieldbio
       
      This is a great point to include. Depending on the criteria of grading, I personally would appear to be in the "loafers" groups when I feel I am lacking the skills to provide peer feedback. Grouping students based off of some assessment of skills may make this process a little easier. In a MOOC, I can definately see the challenges as motivation is different amongst participants. Also, is peer grading part of the outcomes and skills attained within the course, or a way to easy the work load of the instructor? What is the motivation of the peer grading in the first place?
  • ‘Forcing’ the individual student to assess their own behaviour, as opposed to others is more constructive – it supports the aim of developing collaboration skills, along with the knowledge component.
    • whsfieldbio
       
      I still am not sold on this as the preferred approach. I have found that a team grade, individual grade for completing their part, and a self evaluation works well with high school students. This takes some of the pressure off of the student who would end up doing it all. I may take away a team grade all together depedning on the assignment. I want to encourage collaboration but hold individuals accountable for their assigned tasks within a project.
  • Contracts are written agreements between students and instructors, which commonly involve determining the number and type of assignments that are required for particular grades.
    • whsfieldbio
       
      I have seen this work well with some at-risk student who do not complete assignments in general or have attendace issues. This gives a concrete list of requirements they need which seems to be motivational.
r kleinow

online1: Iowa Online Teaching Standards - 43 views

shared by r kleinow on 05 Sep 10 - Cached
  • Proposed Online Teaching Standards
    • Evan Abbey
       
      These standards are non-evaluative. They are meant to provide guidance in nationally recognized best practices for teaching online.
    • ksteingr
       
      I'm getting ready to work with a group of teacher librarians and we are starting by looking at our guidelines from Dept. of Ed for school library program. I think each year, as we add new tools, strategies, we have to not lose sight of the progress we are making on any standards or guidelines. Seeing how close we are to best practice, only helps us focus on what work we have to do. So, they may be non-evaluative, but maybe also not "optional". Does that make sense? Kristin
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I think that makes sense. There is a proper procedure (I'm assuming) inclusive of the BoEE, SAI, and ISEA on setting standards that would be evaluative... and therefore necessary for licensure. These haven't gone through that process. One of the best things about the standards is exactly what is being done on this page... they lead to good discussions about what is great teaching.
  • Knows and aligns instruction to the achievement goals of the local agency and the state, such as with the Iowa Core (Varvel I.A, ITS 1.f, ITS 3.a)
    • denise carlson
       
      This is not unique to the online teaching standards. It would seem prudent to align anything we teach to students and/or adults with the Iowa Core or the newly adopted Common Core Standards in reading and math.
    • bonnie smith
       
      I agree; with so much to teach these days, the classroom time needs to be tightly tied your Content Area Standards (in my case Reading) and Technology. My students will be in a world quite different from mine, so more Technology use is needed. They are already experimenting with Online usage but without supervision and guidance. The Standards will help me as a teacher to focus on ethics for Internet use and help in guiding them into the best pratices.
    • Julie Townsend
       
      The teaching standards have always provided me with guidance when selecting content to teach my students. When I taught Art, Science or Social Studies. Technology knowledge is critical to everyone, including students in special education. I was unaware until taking this Moodle course, of the online teaching standards. I agree that it is a good tool for teaching.
    • r kleinow
       
      I have always had a strong interest in knowing and aligning the instruction with the goals. It is very easy to fall in to the practice of doing things because: "they have always been done", because I found an exciting new tool, or it is the catch phrase of the month, I feel it is good practice to regularly revisit the desired goal to better assure the alignment of that goal and the instructional opportunities to achieve said goal. I am glad this is here and glad it is at the top, intended or not.
    • r kleinow
       
      Aligning insturction with the goals is somethign I have always had an interest in. I think it is very easy to fall into the practice of: always having done it that way, or trying the new exciting tool, or jumping on the catch phrase of the month with out considering the learnign goal. I think it is very important to regualry revisit the learning and achievement goals to make cetian that the instruction is aligned to that goal. I am glad to see it mentioned here, and intendedl or not, glad to see it at the top.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree that aligning the instruction with the goal is an important and often over looked piece of instruction. Way to often instructional practice is done because; "that's the way it has always been done, or because we found a new exciting tool, or because of the catch phrase of the month. I am glad to see the 'goal-instructional alignment" piece mentioned and glad to see it at the top.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree and have always been a big fan of aligning instruction with the learning or achievement goals. Way to often I have used a particular instruction because 1. That's the way it was always done, 2. There was a new exciting tool or 3. There was a new or popular catch phrase going around. I am glad to see this listed, and intended or not, glad to see it at the top. I view it as very important to often revisit the goals to assess if the instruction is aligned to that goal.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree and have always been a big fan of aligning instruction with the learning or achievement goals. Way to often I have used a particular instruction because 1. That's the way it was always done, 2. There was a new exciting tool or 3. There was a new or popular catch phrase going around. I am glad to see this listed, and intended or not, glad to see it at the top. I view it as very important to often revisit the goals to assess if the instruction is aligned to that goal.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree and have always been a big fan of aligning instruction with the learning or achievement goals. Way to often I have used a particular instruction because 1. That's the way it was always done, 2. There was a new exciting tool or 3. There was a new or popular catch phrase going around. I am glad to see this listed, and intended or not, glad to see it at the top. I view it as very important to often revisit the goals to assess if the instruction is aligned to that goal.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Checking to see if this note goes through.
    • r kleinow
       
      test
    • linda vann
       
      I too was unaware of the online teaching standards, but they make perfect sense. If we expect to bring students into the 21st century classroom, then using standards to guide that work will help all stakeholders. Otherwise, there is really no way to measure our effectiveness in the online environment.
  • Is knowledgeable and has the ability to use computer programs required in online education to improve learning and teaching, including course management software (CMS) and synchronous/asynchronous communication tools (chat, email, web 2.0, videoconferencing, webinar, whiteboard, etc.) (SREB B.3, Varvel III.B)
    • denise carlson
       
      This one puts a bit of trepidation in my soul. I want to use technology well when I teach adult learners. However, I know that I still have a lot to learn in this realm.
    • jalfaro
       
      It's impossible to stay trained and current on all of the available tools. Just pick a few that work for you and work with incorporating those. You are better off knowing a lot about a few tools than knowing a little bit about hundreds of tools.
    • Leslie Roberts
       
      I agree that it is impossible to stay current and trained on all available tools, but I don't think this is what the standard is saying. My interpretation is that it just encourages online educators to be lifelong learners and stay abreast of changes. I also agree that it is better to find the tools we like the best and learn to use and apply them to our course objectives.
    • Pam Buysman
       
      I think this goes back to the discussion we had last week. Knowing what tool will work best in a particular learning situation is important. I try to stay current, but that really is almost impossible. Just in the first week, others in class referenced many online tools that I wasn't familar with, but wanted to learn more about. Using Diigo is another example. I've used this tool for awhile and that is evident by looking at my bookmarks. However, I have not utilized the group function nor have I used the discussion feature. I think this would be a wonderful tool to use in the online environment!
    • ksteingr
       
      I think the focus here makes a good point. An online class will be by definition part of synchronous and asynchronous communication. So instructors and students have to work with tools such as Skype, meebo, Adobe Connect for webinars, videoconferencing, etc. In the case of Skype, this morning I worked with a partner in South Carolina and we used Skype to share screens, send messages, but we didn't use the web camera because seeing each other for this meeting wasn't necessary. We only needed to hear each other and see items on our desktops. And secondly, (although you have it listed first), if you are online, you need a CMS - in this case, Moodle to tie it all together. Teachers need to practice in this environment - set up a meeting with someone to use Skype, register for a free webinar, etc. Expand your learning! :-)
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I think the modifier "knowledgeable" and the "ability to use" instead of "has mastery of" is crucial. Those that wrote the national standards recognized what everyone here has said, that technology changes so much, mastery is not only impossible, but foolish to seek.
    • bonnie smith
       
      As a Reading Teacher I expect myself to be knowledgeable and have the ability to use (though mastery would a goal), but are these Standards for the classroom teacher or the teacher of Technology?
    • fgmcveigh
       
      "has knowledge" is a beginning point. Some of our group members don't feel "knowledgeable" even though they have used many of the Web 2.0 tools. Those wise folks know exactly how big the "ocean" of technology is - that's why there is a bit of discomfort. When that discomfort or thirst for more knowledge leads one to a class like this, IT's a Very good end result!!!
    • Cheryl Mullenbach
       
      Like anything else, you can always find someone who is more knowledgeable, but you can always find someone is less knowledgeable than you are too!
    • Valerie Jergens
       
      Too bad these standards are for online course teachers only. Wouldn't it be wonderful if we were moving to blended classes everywhere? It would be for me-I'd like to see a lot more use of online resources. There are so many simulations, games, virtual environments that students could be exxperiencing. And, then having conversation about outside of the classroom. Wouldn't that be an improvement on a worksheet for homework?
    • linda vann
       
      This is a rather daunting standard at first glance. Keeping up with technology is not an occasional event. What it does say to me is that we have to be willing to make this an ongoing effort and not become complacent with learning just one or two tools, but to stay open to trying new tools. I think the key is matching the technology to the learning goal.
    • Jeny Schoenhard
       
      I was wondering the same think as Bonnie, are these standards for the classroom teacher or the teacher of Technology. I feel that we should have some basic knowledge of a tool before introducing it into a classroom full of students, however being that we are all lifelong learnings it is a given that the students will find things within that tool that we didn't know about and be able to teach us something. I just feel that if I wait to master something before bringing it to my students they will never experience it.
  • ...53 more annotations...
  • Understands and uses data from assessments to guide instruction
    • denise carlson
       
      Is this speaking to formative assesment/assessment for learning? How can we be sure that all readers of this document have the same definition of "assessement"? Lack of a common vocabulary sometimes leads to misconceptions and misunderstaindings.
    • fgmcveigh
       
      That's a very critical issue! There are way too many assessments "given" that are not used! And then who gets to decide which assessments should be privileged over others. Reliability and validity do need to count as major players in the decisions!
    • Kim Wise
       
      Good points. Lots going on in this short sentence. I would hope that the intent would be around student learning and not just completion of tasks. This would lead the instructor to be a critical consumer of what data would help him/her accomplish teaching for understanding.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree this is an important and, for me, challenging aspect. I am guessing this is implied but I think it is crucial to use data from valid and reliable assessments (whatever that means) as many times I hear of decisions being made based on data that has little to do with the actual skills and abilities we would like the learner to have. Finding easy to use assessments that can provide meaningful data to guide instruction has been a challenge for me but one that I think can help to be addressed by the influx of technolgy tools and their ability to collect and provide graphic representations to aid in analysis of the data. On the simpler side I think it speaks to the importance of the instructor learner relationship. If learning is going to be advanced the instructor must have and use information of where the learner currently is and then instruct accordingly.
    • r kleinow
       
      Using data to guide intruction is another area that I have a great deal of interest in. I am a fimr beleiver that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is to find out what the learn knows, figure that out then instruct accordingly, and this would need to be an ongoing process. The challenge, for me, is to find assessments that can efficiently provide that information but I think technolgy tools can can certainly help in that area with alll that can be doen to collect and organize data for easier analysis. A key piece to that being certain that I am collecting data that is well aligned with what the learner needs to know and be able to do, as I often see decisions that seem to be made based on data that seems to have little to do with what we really want learns to know and be able to do.
    • r kleinow
       
      I would agree that this is a key piece. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows and then to teach accordingly. Collecting and using that information is an important part of any learning process.
    • r kleinow
       
      Again this is something I am glad to see. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows. Then to take that information and teach accordingly. I think this standard speaks to the importance of that and the ongoing process that should be taking place with any quality instruction.
    • r kleinow
       
      Again this is something I am glad to see. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows. Then to take that information and teach accordingly. I think this standard speaks to the importance of that and the ongoing process that should be taking place with any quality instruction.
    • r kleinow
       
      Again this is something I am glad to see. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows. Then to take that information and teach accordingly. I think this standard speaks to the importance of that and the ongoing process that should be taking place with any quality instruction.
    • r kleinow
       
      Again this is something I am glad to see. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows. Then to take that information and teach accordingly. I think this standard speaks to the importance of that and the ongoing process that should be taking place with any quality instruction.
    • r kleinow
       
      Again this is something I am glad to see. I am a believer that the single most important thing a teacher needs to know is what the learner already knows. Then to take that information and teach accordingly. I think this standard speaks to the importance of that and the ongoing process that should be taking place with any quality instruction.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      I'd reiterate what Denise said... it is a critical question to ask!
    • Evan Abbey
       
      This is a valuable question to ask, Denise!
    • Matt Townsley
       
      Kim, you said, "I would hope that the intent would be around student learning and not just completion of tasks." I couldn't agree more! This is assessment FOR learning (formative assessment) as we know it in the Iowa Core characteristics of effective instruction. (I think denise mentioned it in an earlier sticky note, now that I look back at it...). Effective instruction in a face-to-face environment seems to be similar to an online environment, too...to some degree.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      This is a good question you posed, Denise!
  • Utilizes a course evaluation and student feedback data to improve the course (Varvel VI.F)
    • jalfaro
       
      This step is crucial. It's very tempting to set up a course and never touch it again. Given the constantly changing online environment, it is even more necessary to stay current with a regularily-scheduled course review process.
    • Leslie Roberts
       
      I have been in online classes where the instructor has taken a course and just "refried it" from offering to offering. Links are no longer valid, dates are incorrect, technologies have changed, etc.
    • denise carlson
       
      That would be terrible. I'm spending so much time putting together my course. I want to be positive everything is in top working condition so participants won't face any frustration.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      "Refried it". I've never heard that term before... it's now part of my lexicon! Denise, what you mention is so true. There is a bit of pride involved in a course, whether online or F2F (at least I should say you can tell the teachers who take pride in their work very quickly). On the other hand, links expire without notice very quickly, and updates are made to Moodle servers behind your back that all of a sudden change the way your course looks. It's tough to keep up sometimes.
    • bonnie smith
       
      Each year I have had the students reflect on units covered this year...It has always been for my benefit...interesting to see it as a proposed Standard now.
    • Sara Youngers
       
      I think "Refried" courses happen whether they are online or in the classroom. This standard should be for all courses, not just online ones.
    • anonymous
       
      I agree, Sara. Our AEA has an online evaluation for courses with participants responding to Likert scale items and given the chance to add comments. Much depends on the instructor's willingness to honestly examine that feedback, consider patterns in the responses, and make adjustments that improve the course.
  • • Assists students with technology used in the course (Varvel III.C)
    • Leslie Roberts
       
      I feel that assisting online learners in a course is very important to keep them from being frustrated and spending too much on the technology and not enough time on the learning. I find that I have to deliver one-on-one help in my online class to teachers who are not as tech savvy as others.
    • Gale Zellweger
       
      Leslie, I have been on the student side of this standard and totally agree with you!
    • Pam Buysman
       
      Leslie: I agree as well. If possible, I think it would be a good idea to have some F2F time. This might work well at the beginning of the class so participants will feel comfortable with the interface. I also think this might alleviate fears learners might have and consequently content will become primary and the technology secondary.
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      Great point about the content remaining the primary focus and the technology secondary. I know I appreciate the tutorials in this course and in others I have taken when it has been provided. If I have to find my own online tutorial or read about it, it takes way too much time and I'm totally stressed before I even begin the actual assignment.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Staying focused on the content is critical in reaching the overall goals of a course. When I first stated taking online courses I would often find myself double checking what I did to make sure a post occurred or paper uploaded. The more online courses I have participated in has yielded a comfort level with the technology tool and thus the focus can be on the content.
    • charles krueger
       
      I can strongly relate to this, I'm one of those less than tech savvy teachers. There are so many new and potentially very useful tools that it is hard to know which will be useful to me.
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      I agree with that helping with the technology takes the stress off. I think that tutorials over the technology being used is a great way to help both student and teacher save time. This way if something is forgotten you can go back and see what the next step is.
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      I know that when I have something that has to be done using technology I can get frustrated really easily. Having a tutorial like I have for the class I am in right now has been very helpful and that way if I feel like I am lost I can go back and watch the tutorial to see if what I need to do next.
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      I agree with the comments. I know that when I have anything dealing with technology I sometimes get a little worked up. The more I am comfortable with what I am doing the better I do. I really like to the online class I am in right now because the tutorials really help me with the assignments. They allow me to learn the technology before I have to use it.
    • Gale Zellweger
       
      This sounds like "super teacher!"
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Standards have a way of sounding like that, don't they?
    • fgmcveigh
       
      But high expectations are really good for all learners! And if we aren't life-long learners as teachers, how will our students ever be life-long learners? (It's in most of our 35 school districts' mission statements!)
    • Mike Bevelacqua
       
      Content knowledge is one factor that is very highly correlated with student achievement. At least in Math Eduction research...
  • • Maintains an online social presence that is available, approachable, positive, interactive, and sincere (SREB C.3, Varvel VII.A)
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I know this is one thing I need to work on in my classes. Because I take online classes as well as teach them, it's easy to forget to check in with the classes I teach, as I'm so worried about deadlines for my own assignments.
    • Tony Amsler
       
      I've really try to maintain an online social presence by.... 1. weekly "check-in's" to post tips and suggestions, 2. to setup a calendar that will attempt to keep students "on pace" between due dates, rather posting an email that everything is due tomorrow. 3. always responed to student's posting with discussion forum. I know I could do more.... always looking for innovative ways to do it... even considered meeting in Second Life (keep in mind I teach college students online ;-)
    • fgmcveigh
       
      I think it's also important to think about the " positive and the interactive" that are built in through "community building". I've been in some on-line classes where many folks are working at the "minimum" level of participation and really don't even add much more than a sentence in response to a comment. (YES, worse than the kids when they want to know How Much they need to write!)
    • Matt Townsley
       
      Does this also mean actively participating in social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter?
    • Eldon Bird
       
      I sure hope it doesn't. As much as I am tied to the computer at both work and home, I have avoided the social networking sites with diligence. I don't have a problem interacting with others regarding work related items, etc., but I have a real hesitation to 'share my personal life and thoughts' with the cyber-world. Even the ability to select those 'friends' doesn't really give me any reassurance that a link can be made to those that I don't select.
    • Steve Van Gundy
       
      I have to believe it means some type of professional site, and not Facebook/Twitter. I've avoided social networking sites like the plague, mostly because I like to be off the computer if I'm not working. And I agree with Eldon, I don't necessarily want to put my personal life out there for all to read. But I have no problem maintaining a "professional" online presence.
    • Steve Van Gundy
       
      I have to believe it's not including Facebook/Twitter or whatever else is out there. I've avoided those like the plague, mainly probably because I don't like being glued to the computer when I'm not working.
    • Matt Townsley
       
      I'm wondering what it *does* mean then...any ideas, Eldon?
  • Identifies and communicates learning outcomes and expectations through a course overview/orientation (Varvel IV.A, ITS 3.b)
    • Pam Buysman
       
      I took the instructional design class this past summer. One of the things we needed to do was to create an overview/orientation for our learners. Before I took the class, I already had my course somewhat organized, but had neglected to include this feature in my course. Now, I realize how really important this is. One of my colleagues at work often uses the phrase, "go slow to go fast." I think that's so applicable here. It takes time to create the overview and you're really not having students learn content. However, by providing the necessary guidelines and instructions immediately, things will go much smoother in the class.
    • fgmcveigh
       
      I, too, like the "go slow to go fast"! because teachers need time to absorb the learning. That means that we have to begin with the end in mind or we won't make it to our learning destination. I often compare that to heading to Des Moines but ending up in Detroit, Michigan. They are both DM towns so that would be OK? It gives a "light-hearted" view of the necessity for the overview as you said Pam.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      How very true to "go slow to go fast". I would be one of those individuals who "absorbs the learning". I want to make sure that my skills are to a level that will benefit the learner and not cause confusion.
    • Erica Larson
       
      I often struggle with the phrase 'go slow to go fast' as I am not quite sure how 'fast' benefits any kind of learning. And I don't mean to equate fast to speed; but rather to equate fast to skimming the surface. In the experiences I have had with online courses for adult learners I find using a landscape post to reflect back some of their own quotes helps them think more deeply about the essential question to which they are responding. That deep thinking results in much more conceptual understanding (and dare I say paradigm shifting).
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student
    • ksteingr
       
      You know this is interesting. We most likely teach as we were taught, but in reality, we need to be teaching very differently today than in the past. Our students are motivated by different things. So taking an online class is a very good idea, but I think "living" and "working" more like our students is as helpful. If they are texting their friends to set something up, are we texting our students? That is their world. Something to think about maybe!
    • fgmcveigh
       
      I can remember not being happy with elementary teachers who had taught my father some 30 years earlier. These times have changed. That ship has sailed! Lectures and standing in front of a group delivering knowledge are not helpful in promoting learning that leads to application and creation!!!
    • Judy Sweetman
       
      I think this is an important benchmark! I know I was very appreciative of what I had learned from the many online classes I had taken before I was asked to teach one. I "borrowed" the ideas that I really liked--especially organizational ideas, and embedded them in my classes.
    • Jenny Sinclair
       
      I heard a quote recently about this exact thing and it really made me think. It was a young student speaking. He said, "Don't prepare us for your world, prepare us for ours."
    • Tony Amsler
       
      As I jumped into online teacher over a year ago, all the material and books on the subject stressed this very point... to teach an online class it is best to experience it from the student perspective. This certainly was helpful when it came to design and implementation of my own course. I have recently join a peer review group called Learning Triangles - 3 instructors all enroll in each other's class for the purpose of furthering improve our instruction.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
       
      This standard is certainly a big reason why I'm participating in this course. Trying to prepare to teach an online course through "traditional" methods seems a little like trying to learn to swim by reading a book.
    • Eldon Bird
       
      Once again - Jason speaks the right words! We think of how we offer PD - one of the critical pieces of teaching a new strategy or concept is to put the teacher in the student desk and allow them to experience the learning. As always - the best way to learn is by doing. "Sit and git" just doesn't make it!
    • Cheryl Mullenbach
       
      I think everyone who teaches online should first have taken an online course. You really need to see it from both sides.
  • Selects and understands how to evaluate learning materials and resources that align with the context and enhance learning
    • ksteingr
       
      Is this the only place where we mention resources? I think the type of resources works with differentiation, motivation and learning in general. Are we adding content to our classes - digital video, access to print - online, online databases? This is very important, I think.
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      Yes, selection of quality resources would be important. Online resources today are vast, and we want to have our students using resources that are age appropriate, MCGF, authoritative, differentiated for learning styles, and that will advance the learning goals of the class. Students should be evaluating the resources that they find online as to validity and usefullness. Lots of opportunities for teacher librarians to work with teachers designing online opportunities for their students in the area of resources!
    • Evan Abbey
       
      In answer to your question, Kristin, this is primarily it for the teaching standards and resources, as utilizing resources in online teaching heavily falls in the instructional design process (std. 3). Specific applications of resources are more heavily identified in the course standards.
  • Designs the structure of the course and the presentation of the content to best enhance student learning, including using unit/lesson overviews and reviews, using patterns in lesson sequencing, and using appropriate visual web design techniques (SREB C.14, Varvel V.F)
    • Leslie Roberts
       
      I feel that course design and presentation are very important. Using good desing techniques helps the student to become more focused on content and better able to organize thoughts. If a site is too hard to follow visually, it can be confusing, distracting and frustrating, especially for novice online learners or technology learners.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      It's funny how something like the design of your Moodle site seems so non-academic (or non-Iowa Core-ish), and yet you are exactly right.
    • Jenny Sinclair
       
      At times I have questioned if I have addressed all of the course requirements, completed the assignments, etc. Taking a course yourself is a good reminder that someone else is going to have to follow your train of thought and act upon it. If my students are confused by the structure, it will take away from their ability to comprehend the material. I am experimenting with color on my Moodle site to see if it helps younger students. For example, all assignments that have to be completed have blue text. Additional resources, tutorials, etc. have red text. Hope that helps them...
    • fgmcveigh
       
      I really like your color coding idea, Jenny. I have been shocked at how "un-linear" I have been in this class as I start in one place and don't necessarily go through the list. I have liked anything that says "you are done!" So anything you do to make those tasks more visible for students will be helpful!
    • Drinda Williams
       
      I agree--color coding sounds like a good idea! Might the Heartland Moodle consider some consistent colors? So as participants move from class to class, they colors stay the same?
    • Matt Townsley
       
      Leslie, I couldn't agree more with your thoughts on course design and presentation. I completed a hybrid online/f2f graduate program a few years ago at one of IA's regents institutions. One of the courses in the sequence was perceived by several in the cohort to be very poorly done. Why? The design, layout and navigation were much different (and perhaps less linear) than the rest of the courses.
  • Tailors instruction to meet the different needs of students, including different learning styles, different interests and backgrounds, and students with special needs or whom are language learners
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      Online tools provide lots of opportunites to diferentiate instruction, everything from providing resources at varying reading levels, text to speech capabilities, language translations, visual resources; technology can really be "assistive" for all learners.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      That's one benefit of online learning that is not mentioned enough. We stress flexibility in terms of time, pace, and place, but the flexibility of access to content using online tools is such an untapped benefit for students with different needs.
    • Carla Lee
       
      We also should talk about student engagement. Many students are much more engaged in on-line learning than in the old traditional mode. So this meets that engagement piece as well. I would also agree with both of you as far as access to different types of resouces.
    • Eldon Bird
       
      Possibly one of the biggest hurdles to this is also the primary reason we use online instruction. The logistics of face-to-face are difficult to overcome, so we go online. We can offer many scenarios, but do we really know without the personal interaction how the participants are reacting to the instruction. Is there enough feedback opportunities to vary the instruction as needed? I don't want to seem too negative - just appears to be one of those difficulties without the f2f.
    • Tera Schechinger
       
      Tailoring instruction online seems like it is much easier than fce to face. Purposeful planning is always difficult but an online environment allows the teacher to support those who need it when they need it and push those students to go beyond what they ever imagined they could do. I agree with cheryl that online tools provide teacher with many resources to differentiate for each and every student based on their needs.
    • Phyllis Anderson
       
      Even if instruction isn't designed for specific students' needs, it can be varied in ways that allow different avenues for students to gain understanding. The tenants of Universal Design for Learning fit in here beautifully.
  • Understands and uses course content that complies with intellectual property rights and fair use, and assists students in complying as well
    • Cheryl Carruthers
       
      We just held a workshop at our AEA this past week on Digital Citizenship for Today's Schools that addressed this topic. Our presenter emphasized the importance ot teaching students about ethical use of technology. It becomes especially important as student work moves outside of the 4 walls of the classroom and out on to the Internet and social media. This topic ties directly into the 21 Century Tech Literacy part of the Iowa Core - Promote and Model Digital Citizenship and Responsibility.
    • fgmcveigh
       
      And ethical use of technology needs to be DEMONSTRATED by all staff, all the time. It's hard to "condemn" students for plagiarizing when the teacher never gives proper credit for visuals or text that may or may not be in the public domain!
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Very well said, Fran. I've been guilty of that myself.
    • Matt Townsley
       
      This is a convicting criteria. I did not do a very good job as a f2f teacher citing my sources - even more important in an online environment!
  • Selects and uses technologies appropriate to the content that enhance learning (SREB M.3, Varvel IV.D, ITS 3.e, ITS 4.f)
    • Pam Buysman
       
      We spent time discussing this in last weeks forum. How do you select the best technology to use in your class? How many different tools do you need in your toolbox so you have an adequate selection? In order to meet this criteria, I think we need to do our best to stay current. Obviously, that can't mean we are familiar with everything, because that would be impossible. We do need to be aware, however, about the different catagories of tools..wikis, blogs, screencasts, etc. This class will certainly help us in that endeavor.
    • Matt Townsley
       
      When I read this criteria, I thought of the TPACK framework and some of the work done on learning activity types: http://activitytypes.wmwikis.net/ When does it make the most sense to use a blog rather than a wiki? My guess is that an effective online teacher can answer these types of questions effectively.
    • Eldon Bird
       
      Ditto Ditto! I was very impressed, but also overwhelmed at all the tools available online. Being a 'dabbler' by nature, I have to force myself to pick a few and try to become proficient at those rather than be less than adequate at a large number of tools. A good carpenter is necessarily a good plumber!
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (
    • bonnie smith
       
      How will this be measured?
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Some districts use a skills checklist or Atomic Learning-style skill inventories as a requirement for teachers (they post these in their portfolio). Others would include completion of a class, although the skeptic could say that's not necessarily showing growth. There is the actual lessons or technological artifacts produced from technology work (if you saw a copy of this class from 2 years ago to a copy of it today, you'd definitely see how I've grown in this area).
    • Kim Wise
       
      My family's district had both students and parents fill out a technology skills survey. I'm not sure how it matched up to the skills of our teachers (we're a one to one district) but it was informing for me. My 7th grader was unsure of lots of the terms which indicated to me she wasn't using that technology.
  • student self-assessment and pre-assessment
    • fgmcveigh
       
      Wow! Student ownership for self-assessment and pre-assessment so it's not the teacher who is always doing the "assessing". It seems like the learner is often "left out" of a lot of assessment systems!
    • Drinda Williams
       
      This aligns well with the Iowa Core's characteristics of effective instruction--being more student centered and using assessment for learning. Yeah!
    • Phyllis Anderson
       
      Peer and self assessment are important attributes of Assessment for Learning. They can help students develop life-long learning skills.
    • Erica Larson
       
      Drinda, I agree that this one reflects the research about the benefits of assessment for learning lying in the students' owning the assessment process through peer and self assessment. Do you find that students you have worked with are reflective and skilled peer and self assessors of their learning?
    • Valerie Jergens
       
      I was seeing the connection between this statement and the CEI as well. I think metacognition is woven throughout the attributes of the CEI. If you can do self-assessment well you can have a real start on teaching with CEI.
  • Creates or selects multiple assessment instruments
    • Eldon Bird
       
      How often are we so guilty of using the 'easiest' assessment to grade/evaluate, but it is not the most appropriate for the content and the student? Even less often do we have multiple assessment for different learners.
  • Communicates assessment criteria and standards to students, including rubrics for student performances and participation
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Students need to be made aware of the criteria established for assessment. The rubric provided should clearly identify what is considered to be above, below or meeting standards. Students will then be held accountable for the level or depth of individual learning.
    • Philip Giltner
       
      I agree. Rubrics provides a tool for students to compare their work against the acceptance criteria allowing them to better assess there work prior to submitting it.
  • Promotes learning through online collaboration group work that is goal-oriented and focused
    • Kathleen Goslinga
       
      Collaboration among students in an online learning environment needs to occur early in the course. Just we were asked to complete a profile that provided information as to position, interest, etc...the same hold true for other online courses. Students need to feel as contributing member on the group and fellow students need to be observant in responding to all over time so no single individual is omitted from feedback on their viewpoint of a question, etc...Successful collobration among students may lead to a richer discussion and depth of learning.
    • Carla Lee
       
      No kidding. Working on line would be very important for students to get to know the other students in the classroom. Especially if they are to work together. I also think this is the way of the future and getting students prepared for the work place. Many corporations use on line meetings to cut expenses etc. If we don't start teaching this way, how can we justify that we are getting students ready for work place?
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      These would be good for teachers to use to see if the students can explain some things in a way to peers that may help in the classroom. There discussions online could really help them see diffenrent ways the material was seen online or in the class.
    • Erica Larson
       
      I particulary appreciate the opportunity to 'see' a photo image of the other learners as well as to 'hear' their voices through the threaded discussions when I am collaborating with others on a common online assignment/task/product.
  • Provides and communicates evidence of learning and course data to students and colleagues
    • Sara Youngers
       
      This is right in line with collecting formative assessments. Not only do we need to collect this information, we need to share it with class participants.
    • Sandy Kluver
       
      We are collecting so much data on students now but it's very important to communicate that data to the students too! I think we sometimes forget that they can learn a lot about themselves through the data too.
    • Martha Condon
       
      This first standard (in it's entirity) really sticks out to me as crucial for effective learning. Formative assessment and data-based decision making is the only way for students and teachers to make changes to improve learning outcomes. Online learning adds a new element, in that the instructor must be incredibly purposeful in how data and feedback is provided. With no nonverbals to assist in our feedback to learners, online teachers must become very effective "words-only" communicators.
    • Sue Runyon
       
      I agree that this is formative assessment that not only informs our instruction but informs students about their learning and what they can do to improve their learning
  • Creates a safe environment, managing conflict
    • Sara Youngers
       
      This safe environment is crucial for learners who may struggle. It needs to be a learning environment free from ridicule.
    • Matt Townsley
       
      Handling conflict in an online environment - that could be an entire course in itself! I'm interested to learn more about this one.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
       
      Hopefully this is addressed in the course expectations - I'm noticing quite a bit of overlap between the teaching standards and the course expectations...I guess I shouldn't be surprised since the course design is so closely tied to how the course will be taught.
    • Sandy Kluver
       
      I've heard college students complain about some on-line classes they took and conflict between participants was one of their main concerns. Instructors need to monitor conversations very closely but this can be hard to do when you have 25-50 participants and lots of discussions going on at once!
    • anonymous
       
      It would seem this is why the community building as part of the course intro is so important - to reinforce that real people - not avatars - are on the receiving end. The illusion (and often the reality) of anonymity causes some people to lose all sense of propriety and decency in online discussions. Just looking at comments on news sites and blogs is evidence. I would agree with Matt: teaching this could be its own course.
    • Valerie Jergens
       
      Handling conflict like this could be a whole new skill set for instructors. Before I read this statement, I would have assumed that this doesn't happen-that there is respect for everyone and their ideas-guess I need to be prepared and learn more.
  • Demonstrates ethical conduct as defined by state law and local policies or procedures
    • Drinda Williams
       
      This needs to be a constant conversation. We recently debated for several days the difference between sharing something online in a webinar, and posting something online. What permissions did we have? Did the originator actually understand what permission we were seeking? What precedent would be set?
  • Applies research, knowledge, and skills from professional growth to improve practice
    • Drinda Williams
       
      Part of this becomes bringing along your students, clients, and participants. Sometimes taking a risk with something online does not go as well as you'd like. Have you let them know what to expect? Have you asked them for feedback to improve your skills? It's not just about the teacher trying new things, it's about teachers and students as a community trying new things.
    • Sandy Kluver
       
      This phrase reminds me of a phrase from the Iowa teaching standards. Very important to use research based strategies as we make decisions that directly effect the students.
  • Has knowledge of learning theory appropriate to online learning,
    • Drinda Williams
       
      This is where I feel I am floundering. I am so glad to have OLLIE to begin developing these skills.
    • Peggy Christensen
       
      Drinda, I'm right there with you. Online learning is a whole new world for me. It is definitely different teaching online than it is face-to-face.
    • charles krueger
       
      It is very difficult to know if a student "has knowledge" about anything, especially in an online venue. Best a student can do is give appropriate responses
  • Meets the professional teaching standards established by a state-licensing agency, or has the academic credentials in the field in which he or she is teaching
    • Matt Townsley
       
      This criteria may stifle innovation a bit, but at the same time could make the standards more credible. What does everyone else think?
    • Erica Larson
       
      Matt, would you elaborate on how you feel this criteria could "stifle innovation"?
    • Matt Townsley
       
      "meeting a standard," in my mind indicates aiming for a baseline proficiency. If moving towards the status quo is the end result (rather than above and beyond), it may be setting the bar too low and in turn stifling innovation. I think I'm overanalyzing it a bit, but that was my gut reaction.
  • Understands the differences between teaching online and teaching face-to-face
    • anonymous
       
      This understanding is certainly enhanced by 7.1 - "Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student" Having taken an online class, I am more aware of challenges students might face and have a greater appreciation of how skillful instructors anticipate and address potential challenges.
    • Julie Foltz
       
      I agree with you, Mary, that having had meaningful learning online is helpful to an instructor in both designing and facilitating an online course!
  • Provides substantive, timely, and constructive feedback to students
    • anonymous
       
      Not meeting this standard is one of the biggest criticisms I hear about online classes. When instructors and students are not in the same room at the same time, the nature and timeliness of feedback takes on a whole new dimension.
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      I know that sometimes we need to get immediate feedback and this can't always be the case with online classes. We have to find a happy medium so that questions and feedback gets back in a matter that it's still important to the students.
  • Demonstrates techniques for dealing with issues arising from inappropriate student technological use
    • Carla Lee
       
      I would be interested in understanding how some of this might be dealt with. This would be something very new to me. Dealing with behavior is one thing...dealing with inappropriate behavior in an on-line class...if it's written down, students certainly can't deny it, can they?
    • Greg Sleep
       
      We have went to one-one laptops in our school. We are in our second year of having laptops for our 6-12 students. We have boot camp for all new students that come into our district. In that boot camp we address appropriate use. We now have a page in our handbook dealing with our laptops. It is still new and our policies will be forever evolving with technology. We do have a scripted policy for inappropriate use and the consequences.
    • Sue Runyon
       
      I think that one of the issues is that what is written down is there and can't be erased! I think this addresses "bullying" - am I right or is that addressed somewhere else?
  • effective instructional strategies
    • Peggy Christensen
       
      When I see "effective instructional strategies" I think of the Characteristics of Effective Instruction from the Iowa Core.
    • Valerie Jergens
       
      That is what I have been thinking of lately as well, but I have to wonder what role specific strategies in literacy, math, science, ... will continue to have for Iowa educators. I am worried that this leads to a pendulum swing to only focusing on these and possibly neglecting subject specific things.
  • connectivism
    • Peggy Christensen
       
      Our Professional Learning Team at Heartland AEA is studying the idea of "connectivism" and how we might use connectivism in our work. I'm trying to wrap my brain around this whole idea of "connectivism."
  • Continuously uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies
    • Kim Wise
       
      I think we often use data to judge student achievement but often fail to use it to look at the effectiveness of instructional strategies. I think that may be a belief system change for some teachers--what I DO may have to be changed instead of "I taught it, they just didn't get it."
    • Eldon Bird
       
      I think you really nailed one of the real problems in education today - teachers expect the students to learn how they learned and how they teach. It is very difficult for them to believe that much of the problem is the effectiveness of the instruction that is delivered. I don't think this is any different that f2f instructional needs.
    • Jeremy Nally
       
      I agree with both of you. I have heard a lot of people say well they they just don't get. Well maybe it's not them that's not getting it, maybe they just need to try to deliver the material a different way. I know that sometimes I can get my mind set that my way is the only way and that I need to remember that students learn a variety of ways.
    • Valerie Jergens
       
      I think the information we use to judge the effectiveness of our instructional strateiges is often misaligned. We may be using a test of pure content knowledge to judge the effectiveness of our science instruction, when Inquiry instruction has so many more goals than content attainment.
    • r kleinow
       
      test
  • Creates a learning community that encourages collaboration and interaction, including student-teacher, student-student, and student-content (SREB D.2, Varvel VII.B, ITS 6.a)
    • Mike Bevelacqua
       
      Diggo goes much further with the Social Networking capabilities than other Social Bookmarking tools that I have looked at previously. Seems that the use of Diigo as a teaching practice has the potential of exposing students to this standard.
  • understands how to teach the content to students
    • Mike Bevelacqua
       
      This is important because we are always talking about content with standards...here this document is talking about how we teach...what have proven practices produce results.
    • Martha Condon
       
      I think this is truly essential for online learning (for all learning, really). We've all been in classrooms, presentations, etc. in which the teacher/presenter was highly knowledgeable in the content but did not know how to teach the content to others. I believe online teaching requires additional precision in the "how" to teach. We must be cautious in the tools, methods, applications, etc. we utilize to best enhance participants' learning.
    • Erica Larson
       
      Mike, I am curious if you see a difference in the pedagogical content knowledge a facilitator must have in a face to face classroom environment and that required in an online classroom environment?
    • Matt Townsley
       
      good point, Mike. we can't forget the "how." This is why I like the Iowa Core framework...both "what" and "how."
  • engage students
    • Eldon Bird
       
      Important here that we not only engage their "doing" but also engage their "thinking".
    • Erica Larson
       
      Glad you brought this up as I can often see the 'thinking' in the online venue; but struggle to see the 'doing'. This is where we want to learn to upload videos as evidence.
    • Greg Sleep
       
      I feel that motivation of students through online teaching is somewhat of a different animal then direct contact instruction. How do you really know what motivates some when it is impersonal to some extinct.
  • appropriate
    • Philip Giltner
       
      I think that "appropriate" is a very key word to consider for online learning. The technologies introduced need to make sense and have a purpose. For example, just because so many people have ipods and they are "cool", the use of ipods would need to make educational sense and not just because they are cool. I was a computer programmer in the corporate world and I all too often saw applications that had eye capturing "bells & whistles" but did not contribute to the objective of the application. All too often these things were added because they could be done, not because they served a purpose. So the question that needs to be asked when introducing a technology is does it serve its purpose?
  •  Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
  • • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
  • • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies
  • 7Has experienced onl in e learning from the perspective of a student
  • cognitivism
    • Erica Larson
       
      I was curiuos about this term...so I looked it up and found; "Cognitivism often takes a computer information processing model. Learning is viewed as a process of inputs, managed in short term memory, and coded for long-term recall. Cindy Buell details this process: "In cognitive theories, knowledge is viewed as symbolic mental constructs in the learner's mind, and the learning process is the means by which these symbolic representations are committed to memory."
  • models clear expectations for appropriate behavior and proper interaction (SREB D.6, ITS 6.b)
    • Erica Larson
       
      My experience with facilitating online courses in the past indicates that this criteria, when done effectively, can be the reason learners 'stick with' an online course.
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Sticky note - OLLIE
  • Establishes standards for student behavior that are designed to ensure academic integrity
    • Steve Van Gundy
       
      I'm guessing it's pretty easy for students to copy and paste from a website and thus end up plagerizing something. I think that is what this is addressing. I taught math and didn't have my students write papers, but I'm wondering what kinds of standards (and penalties) other teachers have when a student has obviously plagerized something.
  • Networks with others involved in online education for the purpose of professional growth
    • Julie Foltz
       
      I find it takes networking with others at times to learn the 'buttonology' as well as the content!
  • appropriate for online learning
    • Julie Foltz
       
      Throughout this document "appropriate for online learning" appears. To me this means that most are a good practice in any instruction but may need adaptations to improve efficacy online.
  • techniques
    • Julie Foltz
       
      A couple years ago I (and my team) took a course for online facilitation. In that course we learned about the importance of online 'voice'. The tone of online communication with students is critical and words must be chosen carefully so that communication is clear and succinct.
  • Understands student motivation
  • Knows the content of the subject to be taught
  • written communication
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Sample note
  • University of Illinois (Virgil Varvel)
    • Evan Abbey
       
      Sample note
  •  
    self-assessment and pre-assessment within courses Participant self-assessment is so critical at mulitple points - summative assessments are definitely not FOR learning
  •  
    Technology is contstantly changing. How can a teacher stay current and teach with fidelity?
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