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Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α and -γ Agonists on 11... - 0 views

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    PPAR alpha and/or PPAR gamma does not down regulate 11Beta-HSD1.
Nathan Goodyear

Web of Knowledge [v.5.3] - Web of Science - 0 views

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    animal model: showed that DHEA treatment resulted in increased adiponectin secretion from fat cells. This occurred with an associated increase in PPAR-gamma receptors.  The suggestion is that DHEA through PPAR-gamma increased fat cell production and secretion of adiponectin.
Nathan Goodyear

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in inflammation control - 0 views

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    PPARs are key regulators in inflammation control. PPARs are nuclear transcription factors that decrease NF-KappaB transcription.
Nathan Goodyear

PPARγ and human metabolic disease - 0 views

  • PPARα and PPARδ appear primarily to stimulate oxidative lipid metabolism
  • PPARγ is principally involved in the cellular assimilation of lipids via anabolic pathways
  • PPARs are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily
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  • Expression of PPARγ is highest in adipose tissue,
  • PPARγ also plays a key role in the entraining of adipose tissue lipid metabolism to nutritional state
  • Its expression is highest postprandially
  • its activation leads to upregulation of genes that mediate FA uptake and trapping
  • PPARγ may also promote futile cycling in adipocytes between triglyceride (TG) esterification and de-esterification
  • its high expression in macrophages, which are now known to infiltrate the dysfunctional adipose tissue of obese subjects
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      PPAR gamma is associated with adipocyte differentiation and lipid storage.
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    review of PPAR gamma
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    very informative! Thanks for sharing!
Nathan Goodyear

Nutritional protective mechanisms against gut inflammation - 0 views

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    Nice review of inflammation originating from the gut.  This article nicely points out the pathway involving PPAR gamma and its anti-inflammatory effects in gut inflammatory conditions such as IBD. This article also specifically discusses natural compounds that activate PPAR gamma and thus reduce inflammation.  Good deep biochemical discussion of how natural therapies reduce inflammation.  
Nathan Goodyear

Adiponectin translation is increased by the PPARγ agonists pioglitazone and ω... - 0 views

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    Omeg-3, DHA and EPA, increased adiponectin production.  In addition, blockade of the PPAR-gamma resulted in a reduction in adiponectin production.  Thus PPAR gamma activation results in adiponectin production by adipocytes.
Nathan Goodyear

Interaction between a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gene polym... - 0 views

  • uniform dietary recommendations may not be appropriate for all individuals
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    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma plays an important role in obesity and fat generation.  In this study, they showed how the genetic expression of different PPAR gamma genotypes results in altered physiologic response to fat intake in humans.  The interaction between genetics and the environment.
Nathan Goodyear

UCL Discovery - EPA and DHA reduce LPS-induced inflammation responses in HK-2 cells: Ev... - 0 views

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    Omega 3, DHA and EPA, reduce LPS stimulated inflammation via PPAR gamma activation.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Overexpression of the Mitochondrial T3 Receptor p43 Induces a Shift in Skelet... - 0 views

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    T3 induces beneficial oxidative changes in muscles through its interaction with mitochondrial receptors.  PGC-1alpha and PPAR-gamma were involved in this process.  The important point here is that T3 is increasing oxidative function of muscle through interaction with mitochondria.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease: Inhibition of β-Amyloid-Stimu... - 0 views

  • PPARγ agonists were shown to inhibit the β-amyloid-stimulated expression of the cytokine genes interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α. Furthermore, PPARγ agonists inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase-2.
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    Not that we are recommending NSAIDS to reduce inflammation: but the learned biochemical pathways of inflammation involved with AD, allows a natural approach to reduce microglial associated inflammation through PPAR-gamma activation.
Nathan Goodyear

EPA and DHA reduce LPS-induced inflammation responses in HK-2 cells: Evidence... - 0 views

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    Omega 3 essential fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, decrease LPS activation of NF-kappaB via PPAR-gamma activation.
Nathan Goodyear

Transcriptional regulation of the GL... [Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2007] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Inflammation causes dysregulation of GLUT4 receptor.  This leads to insulin resistance and associated weight gain.  PPAR gamma plays a role here.
Nathan Goodyear

Figure 2 : Targeting gut microbiota in obesity: effects of prebiotics and pro... - 0 views

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    nice diagram of proposed mechanism of how diet and gut microbiota can influence the production of PPAR-gamma inducing growth of adipose tissue.  Also proposes how LPS and the endocannabinoid system contributed to a leaky gut and thus the proposed "metabolic endotoxemia"
Nathan Goodyear

Access : Sulforaphane Inhibits Mitotic Clonal Expansion During Adipogenesis Through Cel... - 0 views

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    sulphoraphane shown to arrest fat cell growth.  Sulphoraphane decreased PPAR-gamma and C/EBP-alpha expression as well as suppressing the cell growth cycle.  Obvious implications in weight loss
Nathan Goodyear

Natural product agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ... - 0 views

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    to read.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease: Inhibition of β-Amyloid-Stimu... - 0 views

  • The activated microglia mount a complex local proinflammatory response
  • PPARγ plays a critical role in regulating the inflammatory responses of microglia and monocytes to β-amyloid
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    microglial and inflammatory response in Alzheimer's disease.  Agonists of PPAR-gamma inhibit this action.  This has important implications in reducing the local inflammatory response found in the brains of those with Alzheimers and other neuordegenerative disease.
Nathan Goodyear

ingentaconnect Adipose Tissue Macrophages, Low Grade Inflammation and Insulin Re... - 0 views

  • “M1” or “classically activated” macrophages
  • PPAR-gamma agonists
  • “M2” or an “alternatively activated” anti-inflammatory phenotype
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    ATMs and obesity induced inflammation initiates insulin resistance and thus type II diabetes. The bodies reaction to a fat cell is no different than a bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection.  The body recognizes something (fat) that shouldn't be there and it attempts to destroy it and remove it.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Effect of Probiotics on Metabolic Outcomes in Pregnant Wom... - 0 views

  • The gut microbial composition is altered during pregnancy
  • probiotic supplements may contribute to the maintenance of bacterial diversity and glucose homeostasis in individuals with metabolic disturbances
  • Assessment of four randomized controlled trials in this review involving 288 pregnant women with GDM found that a 6–8 week probiotic intervention did not improve FBG or LDL-cholesterol levels
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  • probiotic supplementation in women with GDM was associated with significant reductions in insulin resistance
  • One proposed method is by the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), generated as a by-product of bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers. SCFAs act as an energy source for intestinal cells and have been found to regulate the production of hormones effecting energy intake and expenditure such as leptin and grehlin
  • Another hypothesized mechanism of SCFA action includes reducing gastrointestinal permeability by upregulating transcription of tight junction proteins, enhancing production of Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) which promotes crypt cell proliferation, and reducing inflammation in colonic epithelial cells by increasing PPAR-gamma activation
  • Maintenance of the integrity of the gut barrier minimizes the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in circulation
  • LPS is a structural component of gram negative bacterial cell walls, which induces an immune-cell response upon absorption into the human bloodstream, stimulating proinflammatory cytokine production and the onset of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
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    Review (4 studies) found that 6-8 weeks of probiotic therapy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes improved insulin resistance.
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