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Nathan Goodyear

From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key... - 0 views

clinicalepigeneticsjournal.biomedcentral.com/...s13148-015-0068-2

epigenetics nutrition inflammation lifestyle intervention aging diet inflammaging

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17
     
    epigenetics is the key to customizing lifestyle choices to optimize health potential.  It all begins with matching nutrition with epigenetics to limit inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance: myths and mechanisms - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4020004

epigenetics transgenerational inheritance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17
     
    epigenetics can be inheritable transgenerationally via maternal and paternal epigenetic alterations.
Nathan Goodyear

microRNA Expression in Ethnic Specific Early Stage Breast Cancer: an Integration and Co... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...s41598-017-16978-y

genetics cancer epigenetics breast cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Feb 18 - No Cached
mamdouh_hfz liked it
  • dysregulated miRNA could be involved in tumor cell proliferation and growth as well as cell cycle progression
  • under-expression of miR-497, 376c and 1271 in Lebanese breast cancer tissues
  • The upregulated miR-183 in our samples was predicted to be responsible for the decrease in expression of the BTG1 mRNA whose protein is involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells18.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • nother molecule related to cell proliferation that was over-expressed in our data and suggested as a target of downregulated miR-376c is AURKA
  • the over-expression of miR-183 and miR-21 in Lebanese breast cancer tissues is consistent with downregulation of two important tumor suppressor predicted targets: AKAP12 whose protein regulates cellular adhesion dynamics by controlling cytoskeletal architecture, cell migration, and mitogenic signaling20; and LATS2 whose protein causes cell cycle arrest
  • dysregulation in cancer particularly in breast cancer highlights their importance in tumor development
  • mRNA-miRNA integration analysis of early breast cancer revealed a potential role of miRNA in increasing cellular proliferation and progression, and decreasing invasion and migration
  • most of the miRNA dysregulated in Lebanese breast cancer patients are similar to those dysregulated in American patients, differences in miRNA expression exist and could be attributed either to the patients’ age at diagnosis or to ethnic variation in miRNA epigenetic regulation and sequence variation of pre-miRNA
  • the number one cancer killer of women worldwide
  • microRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding 18–25 nucleotide RNA molecules currently being studied as potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers for cancer and other diseases
  • Extensive research on these post-transcriptional modulators has proven that they are deregulated in breast cancerous tissues and even in biological fluids from breast cancer patients
  • five candidate miRNAs (miR-10b, miR-148b, miR-221, miR-21, and miR-155)
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Feb 18
     
    Epigenetics plays a role, via disregulated miRNA, in increased cell growth, progression, and invasion in Lebanese women with breast cancer.  It is not just genetics that play a role, but epigenetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetics and transgenerational transfer: a physiological perspective | Journal of Ex... - 0 views

jeb.biologists.org/...3

epigenetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Sep 17
     
    Great review on epigenetics.  I really like Figure1 as it visually represents epigenetics or above genetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Cellular and molecular basis for endometriosis-associated infertility - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3429772

endometriosis epigenetics infertility

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Retrospective studies have shown that women with a first-degree relative with endometriosis are 5%–8% more likely to have endometriosis
  • Having a sister with endometriosis increases the risk of developing endometriosis by 5.2-fold
  • epigenetic reprogramming during embryonic or fetal development
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B are over-expressed
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 17
     
    good review of the cellular physiology of endometriosis and associated increased infertility.  At the end of the article, they discuss possible epigenetic causes.  Is endometriosis the result of epigenetics?
Nathan Goodyear

Impact of an Exercise Intervention on DNA Methylation in Skeletal Muscle From First-Deg... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3501844

exercise diabetes epigenetics muscle mitochondria VO2max

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • epigenetic modifications of single genes have been shown to affect the pathogenesis of T2D
  • An FH of T2D is an independent predictor of future risk for the disease
  • exercise for 6 months is associated with epigenetic changes, e.g., decreased DNA methylation of RUNX1 and MEF2A, two key transcription factors involved in exercise training (42–44), of THADA, previously associated with T2D (1), and of NDUFC2, which is part of the respiratory chain (45) was observed after exercise
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • exercise changed both DNA methylation and expression of a number of genes, including ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, and BDKRB2, encoding receptors for adiponectin and bradykinin, respectively, which both regulate metabolism in muscle
  • we cannot draw a conclusion as to whether differential expression is a consequence rather than a cause of changes in methylation
  • ageing is associated with increased DNA methylation and decreased expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation in human muscle
  • exercise can induce genome-wide epigenetic changes in human muscle and that the response may differ in people with different genetic predispositions to metabolic disease
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17
     
    Six months of exercise induce epigenetic changes through decrease in methylation.  This study was designed to look at those with a family risk of DM.  They found a difference in the methylation status of muscle between those with a family h/o diabetes and those without.  This would have implications in therapeutic difference prior to diagnosis.  Even a increased VO2max and skeletal muscle mitochondrial density was found to be the result of decreased methylation of the NDUFC2 gene after exercise.
Nathan Goodyear

Inter- and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: evidence in asthma and COPD? | Cli... - 0 views

clinicalepigeneticsjournal.biomedcentral.com/...s13148-015-0085-1

epigenetic transgenerational inheritance intergenerational inheritance transgenerational inheritance epigenetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jul 23 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jul 23
     
    "The effects of developmental programming can be induced by the intrauterine environment (cigarette smoke, nutrition, and stress) which not only affect the fetus (F1) but also the germ line of the fetus (F2), leading to so-called intergenerational epigenetic effects. When developmental programming is transmitted across generations beyond F3, it is considered to be transgenerational and can not be explained by direct environmental exposure anymore."
Nathan Goodyear

Vitamin C: An Epigenetic Regulator | IntechOpen - 0 views

www.intechopen.com/...amin-c-an-epigenetic-regulator

cancer vitamin C epigenetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jul 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jul 19
     
    Great chapter review of the effects of vitamin C on epigenetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Nonantibiotic Effects of Fluoroquinolones in Mammalian Cells - 0 views

www.jbc.org/...22287.long

flouroquinolones cipro levaquin epigenetics HIF-1alpha tendinopathy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 17
     
    New study suggests global epigenetics is the cause behind fluoroquinolone mechanism of the Tendinopathies.  Specifically, they suggest that Iron chelation by the fluoroquinolones supresses the expression of P4HA1 and LH1 to lead to weakend collagen.  They also described decreased epigenetic changes in collagen hydroxylation and suppression of HIF-1alpha as mechanisms contributing to the tendinopathies as well.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetic correlates of neonatal contact in humans | Development and Psychopathology |... - 0 views

www.cambridge.org/...D9799A7C6E0859B93E092EA0727A4B

epigenetics genetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Nov 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Nov 17
     
    physical contact with infants effects changes in genetic expression--epigenetics.  In this study, methylation patters were altered in the evaluation of 4 genes by "maternal contact" with infants 4-5 years later indicating a lasting and possible life-long effect of genetic expression from a mother's hug.
Nathan Goodyear

An integrative analysis reveals coordinated reprogramming of the epigenome and the tran... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4622000

exercise epigenetics muscle

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • contribution to the training response of the epigenome as a mediator between genes and environment
  • Differential DNA methylation was predominantly observed in enhancers, gene bodies and intergenic regions and less in CpG islands or promoters
  • highly consistent and associated modifications in methylation and expression, concordant with observed health-enhancing phenotypic adaptations, are induced by a physiological stimulus
  • ...34 more annotations...
  • The health benefits following exercise training are elicited by gene expression changes in skeletal muscle, which are fundamental to the remodeling process
  • there is increasing evidence that more short-term environmental factors can influence DNA methylation
  • dietary factors have the potency to alter the degree of DNA methylation in different tissues, 9,10 including skeletal muscle
  • In one study, a single bout of endurance-type exercise was shown to affect methylation at a few promoter CpG sites
  • In the context of diabetes, exercise training has been shown to affect genome-wide methylation pattern in skeletal muscle,13 as well as in adipose tissue.
  • physiological stressors can indeed affect DNA methylation
  • training intervention reshapes the epigenome and induces significant changes in DNA methylation
  • the findings from this tightly controlled human study strongly suggest that the regulation and maintenance of exercise training adaptation is to a large degree associated to epigenetic changes, especially in regulatory enhancer regions
  • Endurance training [after training (T2) vs. before training (T1)] induced significant (false discovery rate, FDR< 0.05) methylation changes at 4919 sites across the genome in the trained leg
  • identified 4076 differentially expressed genes
  • a complementary approach revealed that over 600 CpG sites correlated to the increase in citrate synthase activity, an objective measure of training response (Figure S4 and Dataset S14). This might imply that some of these sites could influence the degree of training response.
  • As expected by a physiological environmental trigger on adult tissue, the observed effect size on DNA methylation was small in comparison to disease states such as cancer
  • a preferential localization outside of CpG Islands/Shelves/Shores
  • endurance training especially influences enhancers
  • negative correlation was more prominent for probes in promoter/5′UTR/1st exon regions, while gene bodies had a stronger peak of positive correlation
  • The significant changes in DNA methylation, that primarily occurred in enhancer regions, were to a large extent associated with relevant changes in gene expression
  • The main findings of this study were that 3 months of endurance training in healthy human volunteers induced significant methylation changes at almost 5000 sites across the genome and significant differential expression of approximately 4000 genes
  • DMPs that increased in methylation were mainly associated to structural remodeling of the muscle and glucose metabolism, while the DMPs with decreased methylation were associated to inflammatory/immunological processes and transcriptional regulation
  • This suggests that the changes in methylation seen with training were not a random effect across the genome but rather a controlled process that likely contributes to skeletal muscle adaptation to endurance training
  • Correlation of the changes in DNA methylation to the changes in gene expression showed that the majority of significant methylation/expression pairs were found in the groups representing either increases in expression with a concomitant decrease in methylation or vice versa
  • The fraction of genes showing both significant decrease in methylation and upregulation was 7.5% of the DEGs or 2.3% of all genes detected in muscle tissue with at least one measured DNA methylation position. Correspondingly, 7.0% of the DEGs or 2.1% of all genes showed both significant increase in methylation and downregulation
  • we show that DNA methylation changes are associated to gene expression changes in roughly 20% of unique genes that significantly changed with training
  • Examples of structural genes include COL4A1, COL4A2 and LAMA4. These genes have also been identified as important for differences in responsiveness to endurance training
  • methylation status could be part of the mechanism behind variable training response
  • Among the metabolic genes, MDH1 catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle and NDUFA8 plays an important role in transferring electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain
  • PPP1R12A,
  • In the present study, methylation predominantly changed in enhancer regions with enrichment for binding motifs for different transcription factors suggesting that enhancer methylation may be highly relevant also in exercise biology
  • Of special interest in the biology of endurance training may be that MRFs, through binding to the PGC-1α core promoter, can regulate this well-studied co-factor for mitochondrial biogenesis
  • That endurance training led to an increased methylation in enhancer regions containing motifs for the MRFs and MEFs is somewhat counterintuitive since it should lead to the repression of the action of the above discussed transcription factors
  • decrease with training in this study, including CDCH15, MYH3, TNNT2, RYR1 and SH3GLB1
  • expression of MEF2A itself decreased with training
  • this study demonstrates that the transcriptional alterations in skeletal muscle in response to a long-term endurance exercise intervention are coupled to DNA methylation changes
  • We suggest that the training-induced coordinated epigenetic reprogramming mainly targets enhancer regions, thus contributing to differences in individual response to lifestyle interventions
  • a physiological health-enhancing stimulus can induce highly consistent modifications in DNA methylation that are associated to gene expression changes concordant with observed phenotypic adaptations
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17
     
    Exercise alters gene expression via methylation--the power of epigenetics.  Interestingly, the majority of the methylation was outside the CPG island regions.  This 3 month study found methylation of 5,000 sites across the genome resulting in altered expression of apps 4,000 genes.  The altered muscle changes of the endurance training was linked to DNA methylation changes.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-Microbiota Interactions Mediate Global Epigenetic Programming in Multiple Host Tis... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S1097-2765(16)30670-0

epigenetics diet nutrition SCFA gut gut bacteria gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • SCFAs play a dual role both as substrates for metabolism and as signaling molecules
  • SCFAs can be either directly converted (acetate) or oxidized (propionate and butyrate) to acetyl-Co
  • Here we demonstrate that microbial colonization regulates global histone acetylation and methylation in multiple host tissues in a diet-dependent manner
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • complex functional interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and host health.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Nov 16
     
    diet changes gut microbiota, which changes genetic expression--it is called epigenetics.  This is an animal study.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetic changes in blood leukocytes following an omega-3 fatty acid supplementation - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5405524

epigenetics nutrigenomics omega 3 omega-3 diet nutrition methylation fats EPA DHA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 17
     
    Epigenetic and really nutrigenomics: 6 week study of 3 gram omega 3 intake induced methylation changes.  Get that?  Only 6 weeks of omega 3 intake induces a change in genetic expression.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetics: The Science of Change - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC1392256

epigenetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 17
     
    epigenetics
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetic and Transcriptional Alterations in Human Adipose Tissue of Polycystic Ovary ... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...srep22883

epigenetics PCOS polycystic ovarian syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Sep 17
     
    Study finds statistically increased methylation of many genes in women with PCOS: it is called epigenetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Lipid metabolism is associated with developmental epigenetic programming | Scientific R... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...srep34857

epigenetics metabolism nutrition pregnancy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17
     
    maternal diet alters metabolism of offspring via epigenetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetic markers to further understand insulin resistance | SpringerLink - 0 views

link.springer.com/...s00125-016-4109-y

epigenetics insulin resistance diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 17
     
    epigenetics is involved in the development of insulin resistance and type II diabetes.
Nathan Goodyear

Epigenetics: A New Bridge between Nutrition and Health - 0 views

advances.nutrition.org/...8.full

nutrition epigenetics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17
     
    7 year old study, though very much still relevant.  Nutrition effects epigenetics.
Nathan Goodyear

Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2579375

epigenetics nutrition famine pregnancy WW II)

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Oct 17
     
    Epigenetic as a result of famine exposure prenatally.
Nathan Goodyear

Acute Sleep Loss Induces Tissue-Specific Epigenetic and Transcriptional Alterations to ... - 0 views

academic.oup.com/...JC.2015-2284

sleep epigenetics BMAL1 CLOCK CRY1 PER1 sleep deprivation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 17
     
    Sleep deprivation, defined as 1 night of no sleep, changed epigenetic expression of BMAL via increased methylation. Other findings: decreased cortisol, increased glucose...
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