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Nathan Goodyear

Growth hormone treatment of abdomina... [J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...9062473

GH growth hormone hormone hormones men male obesity metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome insulin resistance cholesterol triglycerides blood pressure fat

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Aug 14
     
    Growth hormone treatment of abdominally obese men reduces abdominal fat mass, improves glucose and lipoprotein metabolism, and reduces diastolic blood pressure.
Nathan Goodyear

High aromatase activity in hypogonadal men is associated with higher spine bone mineral density, increased truncal fat and reduced lean mass. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...26142101

aromatase activity hypogonadal men low T low Testosterone fat obesity obese lean body mass muscle BMD men male hormoens

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jul 15
     
    Only abstract available here--high Estradiol:Testosterone, thus high aromatase activity, increased abdominal fat and reduced lean muscle mass.  The authors also reported an higher bone mineral density, but that pales in the comparison of the metabolic dysfunction of high fat and low muscle mass causes.
Nathan Goodyear

Toll-like receptor signaling links dietary fatty acids to the metabolic syndrome - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3099529

TLR toll-like receptors toll-like receptors fatty acids fat metabolic syndrome obesity overweight inflammation dietary

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Activation of the innate immune system controls macronutrient metabolism
  • the innate immune response is the first line of defense against invading pathogens, wherein highly conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by cognate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs
  • many studies have supported the idea that cytokine signaling directly promotes insulin resistance
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • innate immune system may be causally linked to obesity
  • adipose tissue contains a substantial population of macrophages, and macrophage-driven adipose inflammation contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of obesity
  • Collectively, activation of the innate immune system is strongly associated with ASCVD, insulin resistance, and obesity, and recent evidence suggests that much of this association can be traced to a unique family of PRRs known as TLRs
  • TLRs are a family of type I transmembrane receptors, currently thought to comprise at least 13 members in mammals, that specifically recognize a variety of microbial PAMPs and trigger host cellular responses
  • Free SFAs have indeed been demonstrated to elicit TLR4-dependent and TLR2-dependent responses in several cell types.
  • Endogenous SFAs released from adipocytes activate cocultured macrophages via TLR4 [18], indicating the potential for cellular crosstalk in adipose tissue. Collectively, there is a growing body of evidence that SFAs promote, whereas long chain PUFA antagonize, TLR4-dependent and TLR2-dependent signaling in multiple cell models
  • In an elegant study, Shi et al. [16] demonstrated that SFAs activate TLR4-dependent signaling in both macrophages and adipocytes, and mice lacking TLR4 are protected against insulin resistance driven by intravenous lipid infusion
  • In addition to effects in macrophages and adipocytes, SFAs can activate TLR4 in the hypothalamus, which triggers a central inflammatory response that results in resistance to anorexigenic signals
  • endogenous SFAs can indeed promote innate immunity and inflammatory disease
  • This finding strongly supports the work of Hwang and coworkers [19–22] demonstrating that ω-3 PUFAs can effectively counteract SFA-induced TLR4 activation in cultured macrophages and dendritic cells.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Oct 12
     
    high dietary fatty acids linked to metabolic syndrome through TLR.
Nathan Goodyear

Oolong Tea Increases Metabolic Rate and Fat Oxidation in Men - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...2848.full

Camellia sinensis green tea jade oolong weight-loss metabolism metabolic rate

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Nov 11
     
    Jade oolong tea shown to increase metabolism and thus aid in weight loss.  Jade oolong is a green tea leaf from Taiwan, China, and India.
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal Modulation in Aging Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3888699

low T Testosterone hypogonadism MetS metabolic syndrome men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Hypogonadism and MetS are strongly associated [12, 13, 16], having even been demonstrated that with the increasing number of MetS parameters there is a proportional raise in the incidence of hypogonadism
  • increasing number of MetS components is inversely associated with T levels
  • the presence of MetS did not prove to be a significant determinant of hypogonadism, as it did not lead to a decline in T levels, in MetS patients with already established hypogonadism, the increasing number of MetS features was associated with further decline in T
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • In the setting of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and increased WC have been reported as the most important determinants of hypogonadism
  • recent literature consistently associates obesity not only with higher risk of hypogonadism [4, 6, 27] but also with lower T levels
  • Visceral adiposity has been particularly related with reduction of T and SHBG levels (independent of other metabolic disorders)
  • WC was one of the MetS parameters with the greatest influence in T levels decrease, presenting itself as a strong risk factor for hypogonadism development
  • MetS-related T decline was not accompanied by an increase in pituitary LH levels, suggesting impairment in gonadotropin secretion
  • The molecules behind this smoothing compensatory effect of GnRH/LH are still unknown, but estrogens and insulin, as well as leptin, TNF-α, and other adipokines, were proposed candidates
  • fat stores undertake an increase aromatization of androgens, therefore raising estrogen levels [9, 15], which in turn decrease LH secretion
  • our data contradicts the concept that estradiol exerts a negative feedback on hypothalamic GnRH secretion
  • taking into account that high estradiol levels have already been described as the only abnormality in a subset of patients with ED, the hypothesis that the later might not only be caused by androgen deficiency is becoming increasingly evident
  • it has been reported that the chronic exposure to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), widely used for the treatment of ED, may influence serum estradiol levels
  • thyroid disorders (specially hyperthyroidism) have been related to ED and hypogonadism, and so must be considered in a sexual-dysfunction setting
  • It is clear from the current literature that collecting a more thorough hormonal panel might be a wise approach to further uncover hormonal relations
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
       
      outstanding point.  This hits to the point that Low T is the effect not the cause.
  • We concluded that in ED patients with hypogonadism and MetS, the attenuated response of HPG axis (normal or low LH levels) might not always be due to an underlying adiposity-dependent estrogen-raising effect.
  • our findings indicate that ED, aging, and estradiol might have a stronger connection than what is currently described in the literature.
  • this study underlines the importance of the collection of a full hormonal panel in ED men
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
     
    low T strongly associated with metabolic syndrome in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Relationship of visceral adipose tissue and glucose disposal is independent of sex in black NIDDM subjects - 0 views

ajpendo.physiology.org/...E425.short

visceral fat adipose tissue adiposity IR insulin resistance glucose metabolic dysfunction

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • an inverse nonlinear relationship existed between glucose disposal and visceral fat
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 12
     
    Increase in visceral fat reduces glucose "disposal".  Translated: as visceral adiposity increases, associated insulin resistance increases glucose levels and all associated metabolic dysfunction.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of short-term high-fat overfeeding on genome-wide DNA methylation in the skeletal muscle of healthy young men | SpringerLink - 0 views

link.springer.com/...10.1007%2Fs00125-012-2717-8

epigenetics methylation nutrition high fat diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • short-term HFO introduces DNA methylation changes on a genome-wide scale in human skeletal muscle
  • These changes were only partly reversed after 6–8 weeks
  • The induction of DNA methylation changes after 5 days of HFO supports the growing awareness of DNA methylation as a dynamic signal that is possibly relevant to short-term day-to-day metabolic adaptations, including acute exercise
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Diverging DNA methylation levels between elderly, but not young, genetically identical twins indicate that environmental exposures throughout life may permanently influence DNA methylation, suggesting some preservation of de novo DNA methylation in adults
  • our finding of a slow reversibility rate indicates the demethylation process may be somewhat impeded compared with the induction of methylation changes by diet, which could have implications for the preservation or build-up of CpG methylation over time
  • A slow reversibility of DNA methylation induced by carcinogenic agents has likewise been observed due to ingestion of high-fat diets in rodents
  • the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression is not always straightforward
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Oct 17
     
    Study finds variability of methylation and some genetic expression alteration with high fat diet.  Restated, what you eat interacts with your DNA to alter genetic expression.  This has implications on initiation of therapy as well as response to therapy.
Nathan Goodyear

The monounsaturated fatty acid intake modulates the effect of ADIPOQ polymorphisms on obesity - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2753535

genetics obesity epigenetics SNPs adiponectin diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Jan 13
     
    Epigenetics: the interplay between genetics and the environment.  They influence each other.  This study shows how genetic SNPs influence the impact of lipid metabolism in overweight white people.  The genetic SNPs influenced how the individuals metabolized dietary fat intake.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: High Fat Diet-Induced Gut Microbiota Exacerbates Inflammation and Obesity in Mice via the TLR4 Signaling Pathway - 0 views

www.plosone.org/...journal.pone.0047713

high fat diet inflammation metabolic endotoxemia metabolic syndrome obesity gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jan 13
     
    good review of how diet increases inflammation through metabolic endotoxemia.  
Nathan Goodyear

Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice - 0 views

diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/...db07-1403

gut microbiota flora metabolic endotoxemia inflammation insulin resistance IR obesity diabetes DM

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • high-fat feeding strongly increased intestinal permeability and reduced the expression of genes coding for proteins of the tight junctions
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jan 12
     
    changes in the gut flora shown to induce metabolic endotoxemia, inflammation, insulin resistance, and obesity.  Granted, this study was done in mice.
Nathan Goodyear

The Dark Side of Testosterone Deficiency: II. Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance - Traish - 2013 - Journal of Andrology - Wiley Online Library - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...full

low T Testosterone diabetes insulin resistance IR metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 14
     
    low Testosterone linked to insulin resistance, type II Diabetes, and increased  metabolic syndrome.  Low T is linked to increased visceral fat in this study.  
Nathan Goodyear

Nutritional Modulation of Insulin Resistance - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...424780

macronutrient macronutrients nutrition insulin resistance glucose protein carbohydrates metabolism fats

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Five branched chain and aromatic amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) showed significant associations with future diabetes
  • there is increasing evidence that longer term high-protein intake may have detrimental effects on insulin resistance [68, 117–123], diabetes risk [69], and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
  • high-protein and the high GI diets significantly increased markers of low-grade inflammation
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  • significant and clinically relevant worsening of insulin sensitivity with an isoenergetic plant-based high-protein diet
  • healthy humans that are exposed to amino acid infusions rapidly develop insulin resistance
  • longer term high-protein intake has been shown to result in whole-body insulin resistance [68, 118], associated with upregulation of factors involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/S6K1 signalling pathway [68], increased stimulation of glucagon and insulin within the endocrine pancreas, high glycogen turnover [118] and stimulation of gluconeogenesis [68, 118].
  • it was recently shown in a large prospective cohort with 10 years followup that consuming 5% of energy from both animal and total protein at the expense of carbohydrates or fat increases diabetes risk by as much as 30% [69]. This reinforces the theory that high-protein diets can have adverse effects on glucose metabolism.
  • Another recent study showed that low-carbohydrate high-protein diets, used on a regular basis and without consideration of the nature of carbohydrates or the source of proteins, are also associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease [70], thereby indicating a potential link between high-protein Western diets, T2DM, and cardiovascular risk.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13
     
    macronutrient intake and effect on glucose regulation and thus metabolism.
Nathan Goodyear

Hypothalamic Inflammation: Marker or Mechanism of Obesity Pathogenesis? - 0 views

diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/...2629

obesity inflammation high fat diet HFD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Aug 13
     
    High fat diet, hypothalamic inflammation and obesity.  Also referenced as metabolic endotoxemia.  Inflammation as a result of a high fat diet results in central inflammation and results in obesity.
Nathan Goodyear

Cardiovascular Fat, Menopause, and Sex Hormones in Women: The SWAN Cardiovascular Fat Ancillary Study: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Vol 100, No 9 - 1 views

press.endocrine.org/...JC.2015-2110

women hormones estrogen estradiol cardiovascular disease cardiovascular disease fat menopause post menopause metabolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 15
     
    declining serum Estradiol associated with increased cardiovascular fat in postmenopausal women.
Nathan Goodyear

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/pdf/10.1210/jc.2014-2934 - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2934

androgens hormone hormones cardiovascular disease CVD cardiovascular disease Testosterone DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone men women adipose tissue fat mass SHBG

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Again, what is the evidence on androgens in women.  The majority of data is points to negative metabolic effects.  This study looked at men and women and found inverse relationships between Testosterone and DHEA in the sexes.  In women, higher bioavailable Testosterone and DHEA was associated with visceral and subcutaneous fat in women, where as the opposite is true in men.  In both men and women, higher SHBG was associated with lower fat.
Nathan Goodyear

The role of dietary fat in peripheral thyroid hor... [Metabolism. 1980] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...7421583

diet fat carbohydrates T3 reverse T3 metabolism HF high fat

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Aug 14
     
    High fat diet in this small animal study finds an increase in reverse T3 and a decrease in T3.  Higher carbohydrate diet provided no significant change.
Nathan Goodyear

The Dark Side of Testosterone Deficiency: II. Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance -- Traish et al. 30 (1): 23 -- Journal of Andrology - 1 views

www.andrologyjournal.org/...23

low T testosterone insulin resistance IR type II diabetes DM metabolic syndrome fat mortality

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 12
     
    low Testosterone associated with insulin resistance, type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and increased fat.  These will all translate to increased mortality.
Nathan Goodyear

SCD1 activity in muscle increases triglyceride PUFA content, exercise capacity, and PPARδ expression in mice - 0 views

www.jlr.org/2636

lipids fat oxidation metabolism PUFA PPAR SCD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Oct 13
     
    mice study suggests that increased linoleic acid increases lipid oxidation and increases metabolic rate and muscle performance.  The point is that some fat is good.  Too much Linoleic acid is pro-inflammatory which would promote adiposity.  The key is balance.
Nathan Goodyear

Increased Visceral Adiposity and Cortisol to Cortisone Ratio in Adults With Congenital Lifetime Isolated GH Deficiency: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Vol 99, No 9 - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2132

fat adipose tissue adiposity visceral 11beta-HSD cortisol cortisone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 14
     
    Increased visceral adiposity results in increased 11beta-HSD that results in increased cortisone to cortisol production preference.  Cortisol production doesn't just come from the adrenals--it is also produced and metabolized in peripheral and visceral fat.
Nathan Goodyear

Cardiovascular risk associated with tes... [Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25139126

cardiovascular disease risk men male hormone hormones Testosterone low T low Testosterone fat muscle muscle mass metabolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 14
     
    Testosterone therapy in men with low Testosterone, over 34 weeks, found to improve metabolism, reduce fat and increase muscle mass and not associated with any increase cardiovascular risk.
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