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Nicotine from plants like peppers found to be associated with reduced incidence of Parkinsons disease.

DHEA may be beneficial in those with ED + hypertension and those with organic ED cause.  "Organic" causes like diabetes and neurological problems DHEA provided no benefit.

Those men with higher estradiol levels found to have increased stroke risk.  This study only looked at elderly men > 71.  This should come as no surprise as E2 in men is know to increase inflammatory signaling.

Estrogen and the aging brain of a women.  Good review of the science of how estrogen effects the neurological system of the woman.

exercise limits brain atrophy in the elderly.  Exercise provides neuroprotection.

study finds that HRT given as women transition through menopause has benefiical effect in people with Alzheimer's.  However, when given years later, after menopause, no benefit is found.  In fact, rates increased.  Several flaws with this study.  First, they used synthetic hormones, particularily progestins.  Second, there seems to be no thought that the interpretation of the signal  has changed.  For example, we know that when men have low T, their estrogen receptor status changes from ER beta to ER alpha, which is more proinflammatory.  Third, use bioidentical hormones and compare these to synthetic hormones.

extensive review of molds and mycotoxins.

salivary cortisol found to be inversely related to memory ie.  high cortisol equates to smaller hippocampal volume and impaired memory.

elevated homocysteine associated with a 2 x higher incidence of depression versus those with low homocysteine.  Methylation plays a role in depression.

progesterone shown to be neuroprotective in individuals with traumatic brain injuries.  In addition to improved neurologic function, there was a decreased mortality rate in the progesterone treated group compared to placebo.

Bioidentical progesterone shown to reduce post TBI mitochondrial dysfunction. This has significant implications on the ability of the damaged brain to heal and recover, thus limiting post-injury cognitive deficits.

Abstract on listed here: but bioidentical progesterone and allopregnanolone (product of progesterone metabolism) shown to reduce inflammation after TBI.  This inflammation is what results in much of the post-TBI complications.

Just abstract listed.  Progesterone shown to reduce inflammation post TBI and thus reduce complications.

Just the abstract is available online, but the neurophysiology of brain injury is well discussed here.  This process takes time.  In fact, most TBIs are mild and often go unreported/unrecognized until neurological deficits begin.

Article discusses the immunoexcitotoxic process involved in chronic TBI. This is likely to be the underlying process involved in NFL and other football players delayed neurological effects. A similar process has been see in combat veterans returning from the theatre.

diabetes associated with increased advanced glycation end products (AGE) in elderly population.  This increase in AGE associated with cognitive decline as evaluated by MMSE.

the use of insulin in diabetes is associated with a 430% increase risk of developing dementia.  Wow!!  Just the present of Diabetes, almost doubled the risk.  Add in extra insulin and it is like throwing fuel to the fire that exists in the brain.

elevated insulin, found in insulin resistance, associated with disordered Beta-amyloid metabolism.

COX-2 expression associated with increasing dementia in AD.

insulin resistance shown to play a role in cognitive impairment.  Rising Insulin resistance is not just associated with obesity, but also brain dysfunction similar to that in strokes.  This indicates a vascular component in the cognitive function.  The same rise in obesity will likely result in a rise in neurodegenerative disorders.