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diabetes associated with increased advanced glycation end products (AGE) in elderly population.  This increase in AGE associated with cognitive decline as evaluated by MMSE.

AGE's, advanced glycation end products, play a role in development/progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's...

This study finds that AGE, advanced glycation end products, play a significant role in free radical generation and neurodegenerative disease. Quote: "... pharmacologoical approaches which break the vicious cycle of oxidative stress and neurodegeneration offer new opportunities for the treatment of AD. These approaches include AGE- inhibitors, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory substances which prevent radical production." They focus on the pharmacological, how about the natural first?

NAC shown to improve secondary measures of cognitive function in small study in those with Alzheimer's disease. NAC proves to be a reliable means to reduce free radical induced advanced glycation end productions and resultant inflammation. Also was shown to be well tolerated.

good article on the biochemistry of COX2 in inflammation.  Particularily with AGE and it the receptors RAGE.  COX2 has been shown to decrease insulin secretion through inhibition of islet cell production, but in the presence of disease level inflammation, COX2 can be a part of a very dangerous autocrine/paracrine loop.

Alpha LIpoic Acid inhibits major production of inflammation: NF-KappaB

good review of understanding of how poor glucose control, oxidative stress result in AGE and Alzheimer's disease.