Palmitoleic acid and estimated D6D activity found to positively correlate with diabetes and worsening glucose control; In contrast, linoleum acid found to be inversely associated with glucose control and Diabetes development.
40 week study finds that low Testosterone is associated with increased 10 risk of cardiac adverse events. This was also associated with elevated BNP and hs-cardiac Troponin. The study found that Testosterone therapy did decrease BNP, though not statistically significant; no effect on hs-cardiac troponin was found.
only abstract available here, but the authors conclude that free Testosterone is no associated with low T symptoms with near normal serum TT. Not so fast, the study did find that free Testosterone did prove significant in younger men and this is exactly when the TT and fT appear to have significant discrepencies.
akkermansia muciniphila bacteria associated with improved metabolism following calorie restriction in obese adults. Again, gut flora effects metabolism
This study reveals what is wrong with a lot of the "standard practice" and literature in medicine today. At 5 years, almost 50% of weight loss with gastric sleeve is regained--defined as excess weight loss (only 50% weight loss of excess weight). That is a terrible 5 year outcome; not to mention the definition of success. Even at 3 years, 31% had regained their "excess weight". Add to that, the numbers of patients that followed up was terrible. This poor follow up points to worse data outcomes than this study claims.
Normalized-TRT group had significantly fewer deaths than no-TRT
Mortality was also significantly lower in the non-normalized-TRT group compared with those in no-TRT group
the normalized-TRT group was associated with significantly increased all-cause mortality-free survival (log-rank, P < 0.05) compared with the non-normalized-TRT or no-TRT groups
normalized-TRT group showed lower risk of MI than non-normalized-TRT (HR: 0.82, CI 0.71–0.95, P = 0.008) and no-TRT
normalized-TRT group had significantly lower stroke events compared with non-normalized-TRT (HR: 0.70, CI 0.51–0.96, P = 0.028) and no-TRT
study of men with low TT levels and without prior MI or stroke, normalization of TT levels using TRT is associated with lower all-cause mortality, fewer MIs, and ischaemic strokes
retrospective study
the first study to demonstrate that significant benefit is observed only if the dose is adequate to normalize the TT levels
Patients who failed to achieve the therapeutic range after TRT did not see a reduction in MI or stroke and had significantly less benefit on mortality
selected patients without any previous history of MI or stroke prior to initiation of TRT to reduce bias related to CV outcomes
currently only half of the men on TRT had been diagnosed with hypogonadism.
25% of users did not have their T concentrations tested prior to initiating therapy, and 21% of those prescribed TRT did not have their levels tested at any time during treatment.
men without a history of previous MI or stroke who have low TT levels, TRT might be associated with decreased risks of MI, ischaemic stroke, and all-cause mortality in long-term follow-up