How interactions between the bacteria, both commensal and pathogenic, occur. This can precipitate disease or promote health. This occurs through TLRs and Nods
Animal study finds that the chemo drug cyclophosphamide needs the gut microbiota to deliver the anticancer immune response. Disruption of the gut microbiota will reduce this anti-cancer effect and render chemo less effective or worse even ineffective
The incretins are peptide hormones released from the small intestine during meal absorption that stimulate insulin secretion
from pancreatic β-cells and reduce excessive secretion of glucagon by pancreatic α-cells
The microbiota of the large intestine plays an important role in host metabolism and
maintenance of host health
Our results defining a standard adult profile, together with previous reports, showed
that C. leptum, C. coccoides, Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium represent the four dominant groups of the adult fecal microbiota
Sub-dominant groups are Lactobacilli Enterobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrio, Sporomusa, Atopobium as well as other bacterial groups including Clostridium clusters XI, XIVb, and XVIII
In infant fecal microbiota, we observed Bifidobacterium as the dominant group
this observation is strongly related to diet, being enhanced by breast
feeding
Significant higher numbers
of Bifidobacterium were observed in infants versus adults and seniors
the gastrointestinal tract
is first colonized by facultative anaerobes, such as E. coli
Strict anaerobes, such as Clostridium, colonize at later stages, as can be seen by the relatively low levels of C. leptum and C. coccoides in infants
diet
change must be considered among the primary causes for such a shift of microbiota
between infants and adults.
In the case of elderly subjects, our qPCR results indicated a significant increase
in the counts of E. coli when compared to adults. This data is consistent with other publications indicating
that elderly subjects harbor a different E. coli microbiota profile compared to younger adults
a number of authors reported a reduction
in the numbers and diversity of many protective commensal anaerobes, such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria
The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was already shown to be of significant relevance in signaling human gut microbiota
status
Our measurements of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in adults obtained by our species-specific qPCR are in agreement with those
obtained by Ley et al
Compared with young adults, the elderly have a different digestive physiology, characterized
at a physiological level by a reduction in transit and of digestive secretions
The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio undergoes an increase from birth to adulthood and is further altered with advanced
age
Good discussion of the gut microbiome. Age effects the gut bacteria balance. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio increases from young, to young adult, to the elderly in this study. Is this simply a reflection of aging or is the a biomarker that can be changed through diet and targeted probiotics?
Golden Technologies takes all the worry out of purchasing a power wheelchair. Designers blend the most technologically advanced components with superior designs to provide with the almost in quality, comfort and style. Motorized wheelchairs to enter bike lanes if a sidewalk isn't available or passable by wheelchair. Wheelchair users would be required to yield the right-of-way to bikers. The proposal also adds motorized wheelchairs to current law affecting vehicles and bicycles on the road, including the required three foot law between bikers and drivers. Supporters bill would help wheelchair users get around quickly and that areas without sidewalks are often difficult to navigate. It's the standard chair, with the main frame attaches to the front. This isn't a futuristic design as such, but a very good way of maintaining or building strength in those who are bound to a wheelchair, and may hope to walk again in their future. Personally, this bike is pretty cool. It's got a front frame similar to a chopper, with the added comfort of a chair appose to a saddle.
A new module is set to transform electric powered wheelchairs into communication hubs. An powerchair is more compact and has a better turning radius than an electric scooter; making it is easier to navigate narrow doorways and tight turns. Another advantage of the powerwheelchair is that its armchair joystick does not require an upright posture like an electric scooter's handlebars. Most power wheelchairs can also be taken apart and stowed, while scooters usually can't. Powerwheelchairs are also usually less expensive than scooters. For many disabled people, the only way to move around is by using a wheelchair. Those who cannot powered wheelchairs propel themselves with their arms, which often leads to fatigue, pain, and even permanent damage to arms and shoulders.
BENEFITS:
Activates circulation system and improves cardio-pulmonary function.
Helps prevent decubitus sores.
Improves bowel regu
young children have a different set of needs than adults. Aesthetically, devices designed for kids are often sleek and colorful, and functionally, they are typically lightweight and adjustable. As any parent knows, young people don't stay the same size for long and since a wheelchair is a major purchase -- don't want a simple growth spurt to render it useless. Wheelchair category offers models that feature seat width and depth adjustability, elevating legrests, and other versatile features. As a weight-bearing activity is critical to proper physical and mental function-which is why children with cerebral palsy, who may sit for stretches in a wheelchair and typically are unable to stand on their own, can benefit greatly from pediatric standers as part of a comprehensive pediatric rehabilitation program. Pediatric standers are offered in passive, active and mobile formats: Passive standers stay in one place and feature a support surface, active standers allow reciprocal movement of the extremities while in a standing position, and mobile standers enable users to self-propel.
Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair:
Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair Description:
The model designed for cerebral palsy child only.
Ultra light weight aluminium alloy frame.
Seat Width 38 cms (15").
Net Weight: 18.5 kgs.
Epoxy powder coated frame.
Detachable arm rest & foot rest provided.
Elevated and swinging foot rest.
Elevated foot rest provided to elevate leg angle.
Height adjustable and detachable head rest.
Hydraulic reclining high back for a comfortable posture.
Hydraulic adjustable seat angle.
Detachable back and seat pad.
Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & calg Foldable.
Lever and paddle brakes provided.
Safety belt provided.
Maintenance free rear solid wheels.
Cloth look like water proof upholstery.
Anti wheels for better safety and stability.
Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & leg.
Folding action.
Lever and paddle brakes provide
vitamin D supplementation (2,000 IU) prolongs remission of Crohn's disease. Of interesting note, the vitamin D group maintained gut integrity and had a decrease in gut permeability.
Measurement of salivary IgA AGA provided excellent discrimination between those children with coeliac disease and the control groups, and our study suggests that it may provide a rapid, non-invasive method of screening for this disease before intestinal biopsy
these results support the concept that intestinal bacteria induce endogenous signals that play a pathogenic role in hepatic insulin resistance and NAFLD and suggest novel therapies for these common conditions.
The freely diffusible plasma fraction is distributed extensively
throughout tissues, reaching highest concentrations in bone, teeth, liver,
lungs, kidneys, brain and spleen
Inorganic lead does not
undergo any metabolic transformation or digestion in the intestines, or
detoxification in the liver.5
With chronic exposure over a long period of time, most absorbed lead
ends up in bone
The total bodily content of lead is called the
body burden; in a steady state, about 90 percent of the body burden is bound to
bone.2
n general, lead is excreted quite slowly from the
body (with the biologic half-life estimated at 10 years). Since excretion is
slow, accumulation in the body occurs easily.2
hronic toxicity is an
insidious illness with protean manifestations.3,6 Symptoms may include arthralgias, headache,
weakness, depression, loss of libido, impotence and vague gastrointestinal
difficulties.
Late effects may include chronic renal failure, hypertension,
gout and chronic encephalopathy.6
in addition to the type of diet being a modulator of microbiota composition, the timing of food intake plays a critical role in shaping intestinal microbial ecology.
the microbiota rhythms are influenced by the host clock and perform critical functions in the adaptation of metabolic processes to the diurnal fluctuations in the environment
Our study reveals that dysbiosis has a temporal dimension and that static microbiota comparisons might not be fully conclusive unless samples were taken in a controlled manner with respect to this important additional variable
This is a really nice study. Altered sleep-wake cycles result in altered food consumption which leads to altered gut microbiota diurnal oscillations. Gut microbiota have a normal diurnal oscillation. This altered gut flora then leads to increase insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes...
Study finds antibiotics given in late-pregnancy and during first months of life led to obesity in mice via altered gut flora. This timed exposure was equal to life-time exposure. This study points to the timing of antibiotic exposure as the key.
differences in the colon microbiota in individuals with colon cancer versus those with a normal colonoscopy
qPCR revealed significant elevation of the Bacteroides/Prevotella population in cancer patients that appeared to be linked with elevated IL17 producing cells in the mucosa of individuals with cancer.
Bacteroides genus populations and more specifically those of Bacteroides fragilis, have recently been shown to produce a metalloprotease in colon cancer patients, but not in controls [12] suggesting this species sub population might favor carcinogenesis
It is noteworthy that among the many mechanisms that may mediate associations between microbiota and human health [21]–[22], pro-inflammatory and immune cell activation in colon mucosa are of great importance in relation to malignancy
B. fragilis has been shown to induce mucosal regulatory T-cell responses in the intestine involving TH17 cell recruitment in experimental models
the elevations of Bacteroides in the stool and/or IL17 immunoreactive cells in the normal mucosa appear to be promising sensitive markers
A relationship between dysbiosis and colon cancer appears to be present. Particularly an increase in Bacteroidetes and Prevotella species were found in those with colon cancer versus those without. An inflammatory up regulation of IL-17 appears to be involved. Whether this is a cause or effect is yet to be determined, but the presence of elevated Bacteroidetes species with increased IL17 could be used as sensitive biomarkers.