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Nathan Goodyear

Anticonvulsant Mechanisms of the Ketogenic Diet - Bough - 2007 - Epilepsia - Wiley Online Library - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...full

ketogenic ketogenic diet seizures nutrition diet glucose mitochondria insulin ROS oxidative stress

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that has been employed as a treatment for medically refractory epilepsy for 86 years
  • The hallmark feature of KD treatment is the production of ketone bodies by the liver
  • almost any diet that produces ketonemia and/or diminished blood glucose levels can induce an anticonvulsant effect.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 16
     
    ketogenic diet reduces seizures.  Proposed mechanisms: reduced insulin, reduced ROS, reduces oxidative stress, reduced inflammation, increased GABA/Gluatamate ratio.  In the end, it reduces inflammation and increases mitochondrial efficiency.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary fiber and the short-chain fatty acid acetate promote resolution of neutrophilic inflammation in a model of gout in mice - 0 views

www.jleukbio.org/...275.abstract

SCFA fiber diet nutrition inflammation gout gut bacteria gut gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17
     
    new animal study finds that high fiber diet intake increases gut flora SCFA production that reduces inflammation in gout
Nathan Goodyear

Exercise protects against high-fat diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22483785

exercise inflammation insulin resistance leptin resistance leptin insulin microglia diet nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Jun 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Jun 16
     
    regular treadmill exercise reduced hypothalamic inflammation, improved insulin resistance, improved leptin resistance, improved glucose tolerance, and decreased microglia activation in high-fat animal model.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3448089

dysbiosis diet nutrition metabolic endotoxemia disease inflammation gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • The gut microbiota participates in the body’s metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders
  • Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes represent the two largest phyla in the human and mouse microbiota and a shift in the ratio of these phyla has been associated with many disease conditions, including obesity
  • In obese humans, there is decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes compared to lean individuals
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • weight loss in obese individuals results in an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes
  • there is conflicting evidence on the composition of the obese microbiota phenotype with regards to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes ratios
  • Bifidobacteria spp. from the phyla Actinobacteria, has been shown to be depleted in both obese mice and human subjects
  • While it is not yet clear which specific microbes are inducing or preventing obesity, evidence suggests that the microbiota is a factor.
  • targeted manipulation of the microbiota results in divergent metabolic outcomes depending on the composition of the diet
  • The microbiota has been linked to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes (T2D) via metabolic syndrome and indeed the microbiota of individuals with T2D is also characterized by an increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, as well as an increase in Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp
  • It was also observed that the ratio of Bacteriodes-Prevotella to C. coccoides-E. rectale positively correlated with glucose levels but did not correlate with body mass index [80]. This suggests that the microbiota may influence T2D in conjunction with or independently of obesity
  • In humans, high-fat Western-style diets fed to individuals over one month can induce a 71% increase in plasma levels of endotoxins, suggesting that endotoxemia may develop in individuals with GI barrier dyfunction connected to dysbiosis
  • LPS increases macrophage infiltration essential for systemic inflammation preceding insulin resistance, LPS alone does not impair glucose metabolism
  • early treatment of dysbiosis may slow down or prevent the epidemic of metabolic diseases and hence the corresponding lethal cardiovascular consequences
  • increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, which is the microbial profile found in lean phenotypes, along with an increase in Bifidobacteria spp. and Lactobacillus spp
  • mouse and rat models of T1D have been shown to have microbiota marked by decreased diversity and decreased Lactobacillus spp., as well as a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio
  • microbial antigens through the innate immune system are involved in T1D progression
  • The microbiota appears to be essential in maintaining the Th17/Treg cell balance in intestinal tissues, mesenteric and pancreatic lymph nodes, and in developing insulitis, although progression to overt diabetes has not been shown to be controlled by the microbiota
  • There is evidence that dietary and microbial antigens independently influence T1D
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 protects BB-rats from T1D by mediating intestinal barrier function and inflammation [101,102] and a combination probiotic VSL#3 has been shown to attenuate insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice
  • breast fed infants have higher levels of Bifidobacteria spp. while formula fed infants have higher levels of Bacteroides spp., as well as increased Clostridium coccoides and Lactobacillus spp
  • the composition of the gut microbiota strongly correlates with diet
  • In mice fed a diet high in fat, there are many key gut population changes, such as the absence of gut barrier-protecting Bifidobacteria spp
  • diet has a dominating role in shaping gut microbiota and changing key populations may transform healthy gut microbiota into a disease-inducing entity
  • “Western” diet, which is high in sugar and fat, causes dysbiosis which affects both host GI tract metabolism and immune homeostasis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14
     
    Nice discussion of how diet, induces gut bacterial change, that leads to metabolic endotoxemia and disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Systemic inflammation, nutrit... [Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...19318937

inflammation CRP cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Aug 14
     
    Elevated inflammation is a poor prognostic indicator for cancer survival.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of the Mediterranean diet with and without weight loss on markers of inflammation in men with metabolic syndrome. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23505168

inflammation nutrition mediterranean diet CRP IL-6 TNF-alpha weight loss diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 15
     
    Mediterranean diet plus weight loss results in a greater decrease in inflammation compared to weight loss alone.
Nathan Goodyear

Western Diet-Induced Dysbiosis in Farnesoid X Receptor Knockout Mice Causes Persistent Hepatic Inflammation after Antibiotic Treatment - The American Journal of Pathology - 0 views

ajp.amjpathol.org/...fulltext

dysbiosis inflammation diet nutrition gut flora gut bacteria

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jul 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jul 17
     
    Western diet (high trans fats and sugar) linked to altered gut flora and resultant liver inflammation.  It would have been nice to have followed inflammatory biomarkers i.e. LPS.  This sounds just like metabolic syndrome.
Nathan Goodyear

Treatment of Men for "Low Testosterone": A Systematic Review - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5031462

low T low Testosterone Testosterone Testosterone therapy disease male hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17
     
    Systematic review finds very little clinical benefit from Testosterone therapy.  The problem here is one typically made by allopathic medicine.  They look for a benefit in a box.  They look for one therapy to cure all.  Testosterone therapy should be the last thing you prescribe as usually low Testosterone is the effect and early is not the cause.  Clearly, in the right individual, Testosterone therapy can have tremendous positive effects; however, it must accompany nutrition, exercise, inflammation control...  Testosterone is just one piece of a very complex male physiologic puzzle.
Nathan Goodyear

Intensive Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin on Inflammation and Coagulation in Participants With Impaired Glucose Tolerance - 0 views

diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/...1566

CRP metformin type II diabetes DM IGT insulin resistance inflammation inflammatory markers lifestyle intervention glucose tolerance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Dec 11
     
    Large study of over 3,000 adults shows lifestyle changes are more effective, than metformin, in reducing development of type II diabetes.  CRP, inflammatory marker, reduced at 1 year more in lifestyle (29%) versus metformin (14%).     And don't forget all the nutritional deficiencies that metformin creates.
Nathan Goodyear

Ferritin Level Is Positively Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Korean Men, Based on the 2010-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5129268

ferritin Iron kidney disease nutrition health

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • The overloading of body iron plays a role as an oxidative stressor
  • active radicals can affect lipids, proteins, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), resulting in tissue injury and dysfunction
  • Excess iron causes oxidative stress and induces inflammation, leading to renal disease progression
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Serum ferritin levels correlate with total body iron storage and systemic inflammation
  • The level of serum ferritin, an acute phase protein, is increased in an inflammatory environment
  • Previous studies have reported that elevated serum ferritin levels are associated with insulin resistance syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome as risk factors of CKD
  • elevated serum ferritin levels in hemodialysis patients predict higher mortality
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Sep 17
     
    great review and study: finds that elevated ferritin levels (> 200 ng/ml in men) was associated with increased chronic kidney disease in Korean study.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Cancer Research - 0 views

cancerres.aacrjournals.org/...4226

overweight obese inflammation exercise weight loss cancer diet nutrition VEGF PEDF PAI-1

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jul 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jul 16
     
    only abstract available here.  Weight loss, through diet and exercise, decreased proteins important to tumor angiogenesis; thus weight loss associated with a reduction in VEGF, PEDF, and PAI-1 may reduce cancer risk, particularly in the overweight and obese. This is all the result of inflammation originating from obesity.
Nathan Goodyear

Potential of resveratrol in anticancer and anti-inflammatory therapy - Udenigwe - 2008 - Nutrition Reviews - Wiley Online Library - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...full

anti-inflammatory anticancer resveratrol therapy inflammation cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 11
     
    resveratrol reduces inflammation
Nathan Goodyear

A Sucrose-Enriched Diet Promotes Tumorigenesis in Mammary Gland in Part through the 12-Lipoxygenase Pathway - 0 views

cancerres.aacrjournals.org/...24

nutrition diet sugar cancer breast cancer inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Feb 16
     
    Will there ever be a cure for cancer?  Would it surprise you if I said it already exists? It is called diet.  New study finds that high sugar intake increased breast cancer development and spread through increased 12-lipoxygenase--inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Frontiers | Bacterial Composition, Genotoxicity, and Cytotoxicity of Fecal Samples from Individuals Consuming Omnivorous or Vegetarian Diets | Microbiology - 0 views

journal.frontiersin.org/...full

diet nutrition gut bacteria gut gut flora inflammation gut health gut microbiome gut microbiota

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 17
     
    Diet influenced gut bacteria is key to controlling gut inflammation.
Nathan Goodyear

Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia with Intravenous Administration of Vitamin C - 0 views

www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/...1616.2.long

IV IV therapy IV vitamin C inflammation neuropathic pain post-herpetic neuralgia Nutritional therapy nutrition vitamin C vitamin C pain

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jan 13
     
    IV vitamin C therapy found to be beneficial in aiding neuropathic pain from postherpetic neuralgia.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutritional Modulation of Insulin Resistance - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...424780

macronutrient macronutrients nutrition insulin resistance glucose protein carbohydrates metabolism fats

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Five branched chain and aromatic amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) showed significant associations with future diabetes
  • there is increasing evidence that longer term high-protein intake may have detrimental effects on insulin resistance [68, 117–123], diabetes risk [69], and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
  • high-protein and the high GI diets significantly increased markers of low-grade inflammation
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • significant and clinically relevant worsening of insulin sensitivity with an isoenergetic plant-based high-protein diet
  • healthy humans that are exposed to amino acid infusions rapidly develop insulin resistance
  • longer term high-protein intake has been shown to result in whole-body insulin resistance [68, 118], associated with upregulation of factors involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/S6K1 signalling pathway [68], increased stimulation of glucagon and insulin within the endocrine pancreas, high glycogen turnover [118] and stimulation of gluconeogenesis [68, 118].
  • it was recently shown in a large prospective cohort with 10 years followup that consuming 5% of energy from both animal and total protein at the expense of carbohydrates or fat increases diabetes risk by as much as 30% [69]. This reinforces the theory that high-protein diets can have adverse effects on glucose metabolism.
  • Another recent study showed that low-carbohydrate high-protein diets, used on a regular basis and without consideration of the nature of carbohydrates or the source of proteins, are also associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease [70], thereby indicating a potential link between high-protein Western diets, T2DM, and cardiovascular risk.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13
     
    macronutrient intake and effect on glucose regulation and thus metabolism.
Nathan Goodyear

Frontiers | Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme in a Patient Treated With Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy and Modified Standard of Care: A 24-Month Follow-Up | Nutrition - 0 views

www.frontiersin.org/...full

press-pulse therapy hyperbaric ketogenic metabolic therapy cancer ketogenic diet Glioblastoma glioblastoma multiforme HBOT nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • The SOC for GBM was modified in this patient to initiate KMT prior to surgical resection, to eliminate steroid medication, and to include HBOT as part of the therapy
  • the greatest therapeutic benefit for patients (near 1.0)
  • The observed reduction in blood glucose in our patient would reduce lactic acid fermentation in the tumor cells, while the elevation of ketone bodies would fuel normal cells thus protecting them from hypoglycemia and oxidative stress
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • Previous studies showed that GBM survival and tumor growth was correlated with blood glucose levels
  • Evidence indicates that glioma cells cannot effectively use ketone bodies for energy due to defects in the number, structure, and function of their mitochondria
  • The accuracy of the GKI as a predictor for therapeutic efficacy, however, is better when ketone bodies are measured from the blood than when measured from the urine
  • A reduction of glucose-driven lactic acid fermentation would not only increase tumor cell apoptosis, but would also reduce inflammation and edema in the tumor microenvironment thus reducing tumor cell angiogenesis and invasion
  • Besides serving as a metabolic fuel for GBM, glutamine is also an essential metabolite for normal immune cells
  • therapies that inhibit glutamine availability and utilization must be strategically employed to avoid inadvertent impairment of immune cell functions
  • we used the non-toxic green tea extract, EGCG, and chloroquine in an attempt to limit glutamine availability to the tumor cells
  • EGCG is thought to target the glutamate dehydrogenase activity that facilitates glutamine metabolism in GBM cells
  • Chloroquine, on the other hand, will inhibit lysosomal digestion thus restricting fermentable amino acids and carbohydrates from phagocytosed materials in the tumor microenvironment
  • HBOT to increase oxidative stress in the tumor cells
  • As glucose and glutamine fermentation protect tumor cells from oxidative stress, reduced availability of these metabolites under ketosis could enhance the therapeutic action of HBOT, as we recently described
  • Prior to subtotal tumor resection and standard of care (SOC), the patient conducted a 72-h water-only fast
  • Following the fast, the patient initiated a vitamin/mineral-supplemented ketogenic diet (KD) for 21 days that delivered 900 kcal/day
  • KD (increased to 1,500 kcal/day at day 22
  • the patient received metformin (1,000 mg/day), methylfolate (1,000 mg/day), chloroquine phosphate (150 mg/day), epigallocatechin gallate (400 mg/day), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) (60 min/session, 5 sessions/week at 2.5 ATA)
  • Biomarkers showed reduced blood glucose and elevated levels of urinary ketones with evidence of reduced metabolic activity (choline/N-acetylaspartate ratio) and normalized levels of insulin, triglycerides, and vitamin D
  • This is the first report of confirmed GBM treated with a modified SOC together with KMT and HBOT, and other targeted metabolic therapies
  • Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of the primary adult brain cancers
  • less than 20% of younger adults generally survive beyond 24 months
  • glucose and glutamine are the primary fuels that drive the rapid growth of most tumors including GBM
  • Glucose drives tumor growth through aerobic fermentation (Warburg effect), while glutamine drives tumor growth through glutaminolysis
  • The fermentation waste products of these molecules, i.e., lactic acid and succinic acid, respectively, acidify the tumor microenvironment thus contributing further to tumor progression
  • Glucose and glutamine metabolism is also responsible for the high antioxidant capacity of the tumor cells thus making them resistant to chemo- and radiotherapies
  • The reliance on glucose and glutamine for tumor cell malignancy comes largely from the documented defects in the number, structure, and function of mitochondria and mitochondrial-associated membranes
  • These abnormalities cause the neoplastic GBM cells to rely more heavily on substrate level phosphorylation than on oxidative phosphorylation for energy
  • dexamethasone not only increases blood glucose levels but also increases glutamine levels through its induction of glutamine synthetase activity
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 21 May 18
       
      use mannitol instead
  • Calorie restriction and restricted KD are anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-invasive, and also kill tumor cells through a proapoptotic mechanism
  • Evidence also shows that therapeutic ketosis can act synergistically with several drugs and procedures to enhance cancer management improving both progression free and overall survival
  • hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) increases oxidative stress on tumor cells especially when used alongside therapies that reduce blood glucose and raise blood ketones
  • The glutamine dehydrogenase inhibitor, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is also proposed to target glutamine metabolism
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 18
     
    Case study of Glioblastoma treated with ketogenic metabolic therapy as an adjuct to modified standard therapy.
Nathan Goodyear

Long-Term Immunomodulatory Effects of a Mediterranean Diet in Adults at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...1684.short

mediterranean mediterranean diet heart health heart nutrition cardiovascular disease inflammation hsCRP CRP TNF-alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 17
     
    Mediterranean diet found to reduce hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and MCP in high-risk adults out to 5 years!  This study compared the Mediterranean diet to a low fat diet.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary glycine and blood pressure: the International Study on Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure - 0 views

ajcn.nutrition.org/...136.abstract

blood pressure glycine amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 13
     
    This study links glycine to increased blood pressure.  However, meat is the primary source of glycine. So, if the meat is loaded with omega-6, hormones...these will be the source of the inflammation and resultant increase in blood pressure, not the glycine.  One must read these studies closely.  No conclusion can be made from this study.
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