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Nathan Goodyear

Low testosterone level as a predictor of cardiovascular events in Japanese men with cor... - 0 views

www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/...abstract

low testosterone T cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Nov 13
     
    This study of Japanese men sought to remove CAD risk factors and just look at Testosterone.  In this study, the authors found that low T was associated with increased CAD in Japanese men.
Nathan Goodyear

Adverse Events Associated with Testosterone Administration - NEJM - 0 views

www.nejm.org/...NEJMoa1000485

Testosterone side effects low T

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Nov 13
     
    study that found Testosterone therapy increased cardiovascular side effects was stopped due to massive, massive overdosing.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex Hormone Levels and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Postmenopausal Women - 0 views

circ.ahajournals.org/...1688.long

menopause Testosterone SHBG CVD women MetS hormone hormones metabolic syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13
     
    Menopause in women is associated with increasing free Testosterone, lower SHBG and increased CVD and MetS.
Nathan Goodyear

Postmenopausal Women with a History of Irregular Menses and Elevated Androgen Measureme... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2291491

metabolic syndrome PCOS menopause postmenopause women Testosterone hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13
     
    Post menopause women with PCOS have high CVD.  PCOS is essentially metabolic syndrome separated by age.  Both PCOS and MetS in women is associated with an increase in Testosterone levels.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Probiotic Microbes Sustain Youthful Serum Testosterone Levels and Testicular ... - 0 views

journals.plos.org/...article

hormone hormones low T low Testosterone hypogonadism Testosterone probiotic L reuters probiotics Lactobacillus lactobacillus reuteri male aging

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Studies in both humans and rodents, however, suggest that low testosterone is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular luteinizing hormone metabolism
  • Various dietary factors and diet-induced obesity have been shown to increase the risk for late onset male hypogonadism and low testosterone production in both humans and mice
  • Testosterone deficiency and metabolic diseases such as obesity appear to inter-digitate in complex cause-and-effect relationships
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • dietary supplementation of aged mice with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri makes them appear to be younger than their matched untreated sibling mice
  • These results indicate that gut microbiota induce modulation of local gastrointestinal immunity resulting in systemic effects on the immune system which activate metabolic pathways that restore tissue homeostasis and overall health
  • all these studies we consistently observed that young and aged mice consuming purified L. reuteri organisms had particularly large testes and a dominant male behavior.
  • The testes of probiotic-fed aged mice were rescued from both seminiferous tubule atrophy and interstitial Leydig cell area reduction typical of the normal aging process. Preservation of testicular architecture despite advanced age or high-fat diet coincided with remarkably high levels of circulating testosterone. The beneficial effects of probiotic consumption were recapitulated by the depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17.
  • feeding of L. reuteri consistently increased the gonadal weights, consumption of a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 organisms did not affect testicular weight
  • mice with dietary L. reuteri supplements were rescued from diet-induced obesity and had normal body weight and lean physique
  • Despite the comparable numbers of ST profiles, we determined that testes from L. reuteri-treated mice had increased ST cross-sectioned profiles
  • the probiotic organism induced prominent Leydig cell accumulations in the interstitial tissue between the ST's
  • The probiotic-associated increase of interstitial Leydig cell areas was sustained with advancing age at 7 (CD vs CD+LR, P = 0.0025; CD+E.coli vs CD+LR, P = 0.0251) and 12 months
  • mice eating L. reuteri had profoundly increased levels of circulating testosterone regardless of the type of diet they consumed
  • blocking pro-inflammatory Il-17 signaling entirely recapitulates the beneficial effects of probiotics
  • previous studies we found that dietary probiotics counteract obesity [19] and age-related integumentary pathology [18] at least in part by down-regulating systemic pro-inflammatory IL-17A-dependent signaling
  • Testes histomorphometry and serum androgen concentration data were both suggestive of a probiotic-associated up-regulation of spermatogenesis in mice
  • Lactobacillus reuteri we discovered that aging male animals had larger testes compared to their age-matched controls
  • xamined testes of probiotic microbe-fed mice and found that they had less testicular atrophy coinciding with higher levels of circulating testosterone compared to their age-matched controls
  • Similar testicular health benefits were produced using systemic depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17 alone, implicating a chronic inflammatory pathway in hypogonadism
  • One specific aspect of this paradigm is reciprocal activities of pro-inflammatory Th-17 and anti-inflammatory Treg cells
  • Feeding of L. reuteri organisms was previously shown to up-regulate IL-10 levels and reduce levels of IL-17 [19] serving to lower systemic inflammation
  • insufficient levels of IL-10 may increase the risk for autoimmunity, obesity, and other inflammatory disease syndromes
  • Westernized diets are also low in vitamin D, a nutrient that when present normally works together with IL-10 to protect against inflammatory disorders
  • Physiological feedback loops apparently exist between microbes, host hormones, and immunity
  • The hormone testosterone has been shown to act directly through androgen receptors on CD4+ cells to increase IL-10 expression
  • studies in both humans and rodents suggest that hypogonadism is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular LH metabolism
  • We postulate that probiotic gut microbes function symbiotically with their mammalian hosts to impart immune homeostasis to maintain systemic and testicular health [34]–[35] despite suboptimal dietary conditions.
  • Dietary factors and diet-induced obesity were previously shown to increase risk for age-associated male hypogonadism, reduced spermatogenesis, and low testosterone production in both humans and mice [2]–[4], [8]–[11], [14]–[17], phenotypic features that in this study were inhibited by oral probiotic therapy absent milk sugars, extra protein, or vitamin D supplied in yogurt.
  • Similar beneficial effects of probiotic microbes on testosterone levels and sperm indices were reported in male mice that had been simultaneously supplemented with selenium
  • L. reuteri-associated prevention of age- and diet-related testicular atrophy correlates with increased numbers and size of Leydig cells
  • the initial changes of testicular atrophy begin to occur in mice from the age of 6 moths onwards [7] and indicates that the trophic effect of L. reuteri on Leydig cells is a key event which precedes and prevents age-related changes in the testes of mice. This effect is reminiscent of earlier studies describing Leydig cell hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy in the mouse and the rat testis that were achievable by the administration of gonadotropins, including human chorionic gonadotropin, FSH and LH
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15
     
    Fascinating study on how the addition of Lactobacillus reuteri increased Testicular size, prevented testicular atrophy, increased serum Testosterone production and protected against diet-induced/obesity-induced hypogonadism.  This was a mouse model
Nathan Goodyear

Dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate predict the 5-year risk of coronary heart diseas... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25443702

heart disease DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone hormone hormones DHEAS DHEA-S men male CHD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 15
     
    low DHEA and DHEA-S associated with increased risk of Coronary Heart Disease in elderly men.
Nathan Goodyear

Using Apolipoprotein B to Manage Dyslipidemic Patients: Time for a Change? - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2861973

lipoprotein lipoproteins cholesterol CVD cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Apo B is a key structural component of all the atherogenic lipoprotein particles, including LDL, VLDL, and IDL
  • Each of these atherogenic particles carries only one apo B molecule; thus, the total apo B level represents the total number of circulating atherogenic lipoprotein particles and provides the clinician a more accurate picture of a patient's risk of cardiovascular events
  • apo B include the fact that it does not require a fasting specimen
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 15
     
    good review of lipoproteins.
Nathan Goodyear

Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Stroke Events and Fatal Stroke: An Individua... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2015-1438

stroke TSH hormones subclinical hypothyroidism CVA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jun 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jun 15
     
    TSH positively associated with increase stroke in those adults less than 65.
Nathan Goodyear

Normalization of testosterone level is associated with reduced incidence of myocardial ... - 0 views

eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/...eurheartj.ehv346

low T low Testosterone men Testosterone mortality stroke MI CVD cardiovascular disease hormones male

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Aug 15 - No Cached
  • Normalized-TRT group had significantly fewer deaths than no-TRT
  • Mortality was also significantly lower in the non-normalized-TRT group compared with those in no-TRT group
  • the normalized-TRT group was associated with significantly increased all-cause mortality-free survival (log-rank, P < 0.05) compared with the non-normalized-TRT or no-TRT groups
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • normalized-TRT group showed lower risk of MI than non-normalized-TRT (HR: 0.82, CI 0.71–0.95, P = 0.008) and no-TRT
  • normalized-TRT group had significantly lower stroke events compared with non-normalized-TRT (HR: 0.70, CI 0.51–0.96, P = 0.028) and no-TRT
  • study of men with low TT levels and without prior MI or stroke, normalization of TT levels using TRT is associated with lower all-cause mortality, fewer MIs, and ischaemic strokes
  • retrospective study
  • the first study to demonstrate that significant benefit is observed only if the dose is adequate to normalize the TT levels
  • Patients who failed to achieve the therapeutic range after TRT did not see a reduction in MI or stroke and had significantly less benefit on mortality
  • selected patients without any previous history of MI or stroke prior to initiation of TRT to reduce bias related to CV outcomes
  • currently only half of the men on TRT had been diagnosed with hypogonadism.
  • 25% of users did not have their T concentrations tested prior to initiating therapy, and 21% of those prescribed TRT did not have their levels tested at any time during treatment.
  • men without a history of previous MI or stroke who have low TT levels, TRT might be associated with decreased risks of MI, ischaemic stroke, and all-cause mortality in long-term follow-up
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Aug 15
     
    Testosterone therapy in men with low T found to reduce all cause mortality, stroke and MI.
Nathan Goodyear

Elderly men over 65 years of age with late-onset hypogonadism benefit as much from test... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4392031

low T low Testosterone Testosterone men male hormone hormones late onset hypogonadism hypogonadism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 May 15 - No Cached
  • The benefits of restoring serum testosterone in men with LOH were not significantly different between men older than 65 years of age and younger men. There were no indications that side effects were more severe in elderly men. The effects on prostate and urinary function and hematocrit were within safe margins.
  • obesity, but also impaired general health, are the more common causes of low testosterone in aging men
  • Severe LOH is associated with substantially higher risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality,
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • advanced age, obesity, a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, and poor general health status were predictors of LOH
  • Diabetes mellitus was correlated with hypogonadism in most studies
  • coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease did not predict hypogonadism, they did correlate with the incidence of low testosterone
  • LOH can be defined by the presence of at least three sexual symptoms associated with a total testosterone level of less than 11 nmol/L (3.2 ng/mL) and a free testosterone level of less than 220 pmol/L (64 pg/mL)
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 27 May 15
       
      the European Male Aging study defined low T as total < 320 ng/dl and free < 64 pg/ml.  
  • Mean weight decreased
  • Waist circumference decreased
  • Total cholesterol decreased
  • Low-density lipoprotein decreased
  • Triglycerides decreased
  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased
  • ratio of total cholesterol to HDL improved
  • Prostate volume increased
  • PSA increased
  • The benefits for men older than 65 years of age were compared with those of younger men, and the improvements in body weight, metabolic factors, psychological functioning, and sexual functioning were of the same magnitude in both age groups
  • weight loss was progressive over the 6-year period, effects of testosterone on lipids and on psychological and sexual functioning reached a plateau after approximately 3 years and these effects were sustained
  • Effects of testosterone on hematopoiesis, on the prostate, and on bladder function were not more severe in older men than in younger men
  • observe a mild increase in prostate volume and serum PSA over time, which is a normal finding in aging men. Maybe somewhat surprising, postvoiding residue and the IPSS did not deteriorate with aging but showed a degree of improvement
  • the severity of the metabolic syndrome is associated with the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms
  • The symptoms of the metabolic syndrome improve upon testosterone treatment and testosterone may thus have a favorable effect on lower urinary tract symptoms
  • it seems reasonable to conclude that the risks of testosterone administration to elderly men are not disproportionately higher in elderly men than in younger men.
  • Despite evidence to the contrary, physicians still harbor a wrongful association between testosterone and the development of prostate pathology (prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia)
  • Not surprisingly, the incidence of prostate cancer was higher in older men; however, it was lower than expected in both groups
  • These observations suggest that the incidence of prostate cancer in patients receiving testosterone therapy, both in the younger and in the older group, was not greater than in the general population not receiving testosterone treatment
  • The historical fear that raising testosterone levels will result in more prostate cancer has been dispelled, particularly by the work of Abraham Morgentaler
  • Higher serum testosterone levels fail to show an increased risk of prostate cancer, and supraphysiological testosterone does not increase prostate volume or PSA in healthy men
  • This apparent paradox is explained by the "saturation model,"
  • Recent studies indicate no increased risk of prostate cancer among men with serum testosterone in the therapeutic range
  • In the present observational study, no cases of major adverse cardiovascular events occurred.
  • the benefits of testosterone therapy are fully achieved only by long-term treatment
  • To achieve maximal benefits, good patient adherence is a prerequisite
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 May 15
     
    Study finds new difference in Testosterone benefits and/or side effects between men < 65 with low T and men > 65 with low T.
Nathan Goodyear

C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and pr... [Circulation. 2004] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15262834

CRP metabolic syndrome cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Elevated CRP levels are related to insulin resistance and the presence of the MetS, especially in women
  • both CRP and MetS are independent predictors of new CVD events.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11
     
    elevated CRP helps predict metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease
Nathan Goodyear

Prospective Study of C-Reactive Protein and the Risk of Future Cardiovascular Events Am... - 0 views

circ.ahajournals.org/...731

CRP cardiovascular risk women

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • CRP is a strong independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease that adds to the predictive value of risk models based on usual factors alone.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 11
     
    CRP is marker for cardiovascular risk in women
Nathan Goodyear

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is a Primary Event in Glutamate Neurotoxicity - 0 views

www.jneurosci.org/...6125.abstract

mitochondrial dysfunction

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • These results suggest that early mitochondrial damage plays a key role in induction of glutamate neurotoxicity.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Mar 11
     
    mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity
Nathan Goodyear

Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: The Progressive Cost of Complications in Type 2 Diabetes M... - 0 views

archinte.ama-assn.org/...1873

health costs healthcare

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Per-person costs increased over baseline ($2033) by more than 50% ($1087) after initiation of cardiovascular drug therapy and/or use of a cardiologist, and by 360% ($7352) after a major cardiovascular event. Abnormal renal function increased diabetes treatment costs by 65% ($1337); advanced renal disease, by 195% ($3979); and end-stage renal disease, by 771% ($15,675)
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 Mar 11
     
    Costs of "poor health"
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular event... - 0 views

www.bmj.com/...bmj.c3691.full

calcium MI myocardial infarction cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Aug 11 - No Cached
  • Calcium supplements (without coadministered vitamin D) are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Aug 11
     
    Calcium can increase MI risk
Nathan Goodyear

Neuron - Epigenetic Status of Gdnf in the Ventral Striatum Determines Susceptibility an... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S0896627310010718

stress depression methylation glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor Gdnf

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 11
     
    How you respond to stress is a reflection of your genetics and environment.  The bodies ability to express genes, such as the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, impacts an individual's expression in the face of stress.  You have a genetic predisposition, but with poor methylation you end up with more depression in the presence of stress
Nathan Goodyear

Exercise-induced right ventricular dysfunction and structural remodelling in endurance ... - 0 views

eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/...998

endurance athletes training heart health injury

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • In a cohort of well-trained athletes, we demonstrated that intense endurance exercise causes an acute reduction in RV function that increases with race duration and correlates with increases in biomarkers of myocardial injury
  • no relationship between LV function and biomarker levels
  • focal gadolinium enhancement and increased RV remodelling were more prevalent in those athletes with a longer history of competitive sport, suggesting that repetitive ultra-endurance exercise may lead to more extensive RV change and possible myocardial fibrosis
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • he cardiac impact of both acute and cumulative exercise is greatest on the RV.
  • Greater reductions in RV function occurred in those athletes competing for a longer duration, suggesting that the heart has a finite capacity to maintain the increased work demands of exercise
  • cardiac injury is greatest in the least trained
  • Previous investigators have documented reductions in RV function in less trained subjects over the marathon distance
  • We enrolled elite and subelite athletes and found a significant association between fitness (VO2max) and the reduction in post-race RVEF
  • Even after many years of detraining, cardiac dilation may not completely regress in elite athletes
  • The focus on well-trained athletes may be of particular relevance, given that they perform exercise of highest intensity and duration most frequently, and, thus, may be at a greater risk of cumulative injury.
  • The lack of correlation between increases in troponin and changes in LV function seen in this study has been previously interpreted as evidence that post-exercise elevations in cardiac biomarkers are benign.
  • a significant correlation between changes in RVEF and post-race biomarker levels and this relationship was even stronger in the athletes who completed the race of longest duration, the ultra-triathlon
  • The correlations with RVEF, but not LVEF, provide further evidence of the differential effects of intense exercise on RV and LV function
  • BNP release during intense exercise is associated with greater relative increases in RV systolic pressures, but not LV pressures
  • BNP may provide a measure of both acute RV load and the resultant fatigue which occurs when this load is sustained
  • It has been demonstrated that ventricular load increases with exercise intensity and is greater for the RV than the LV,29 thus potentially explaining why the RV is more susceptible to fatigue after prolonged exercise.
  • This study demonstrates, for the first time, an association between endurance exercise of increasing duration and structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes
  • Functional abnormalities were confined to the RV and were largely reversible 1 week following the event
  • there remained a significant minority of athletes in whom there was evidence of myocardial fibrosis in the interventricular septum
  • RV abnormalities may be acquired through cumulative bouts of intense exercise and provides direction for prospective investigations aimed at elucidating whether extreme exercise may promote arrhythmias in some athletes.
  • the acute injury and chronic remodelling of the myocardium both disproportionately affect the RV and it remains possible that the two are linked.
  • focal DGE was confined to the interventricular septum and commonly at the site of RV attachment
  • emerging evidence that intense endurance exercise may be associated with an excess in arrhythmic disorders, the mechanisms for which remain unexplained
  • RVEF (and not LVEF) was reduced in athletes with complex ventricular arrhythmias when compared with healthy athletes and non-athletes without arrhythmias
  • it is premature to conclude that these changes may represent a proarrhythmic substrate
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15
     
    Study finds endurance racing results in reduce Right ventricle ejection fraction even in elite athletes.  This post-race RVEF reduction is associated with VO2max.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone dose-response relationships in hyster... [Menopause. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24281237

Testosterone women hysterectomy menopause

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Nov 13
     
    One of the main instances for which women need Testosterone, is post-hysterectomy.  This study confirms that.  This study found benefit in those with and without the removal of the ovaries.
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3435915

IV intravenous fluid nutrition athletes athlete sports medicine sports exercise

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia with hypertonic IV infusion to correct plasma sodium levels is also a standard and accepted use of IV fluid infusions
  • athletes who present for medical care with hypernatremia who cannot tolerate oral fluids can benefit from IV fluids
  • Vaporization of sweat accounts for 80% of heat loss in hot, dry atmospheric conditions. This mechanism of water loss is the major contributor for exercise-associated dehydration
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • The rate of water loss can be quantified through measurement of sweat rate
  • Pre- and postexercise body weight measurements are the most common means to estimate overall water loss but are condition specific
  • It appears that 1% to 2% body weight loss is well tolerated by the exercising athlete
  • Dehydration, defined as greater than 2% loss of body weight, can negatively affect performance
  • In highly trained endurance athletes, plasma volume and sodium serum concentration were preserved despite a 5% body weight loss
  • In Ironman triathletes, dehydration to 5% body weight loss did not correlate with occurrence of medical complications
  • hydration should begin hours prior to exercise, especially if known deficits are present, and fluids should be consumed at a slow, steady rate, with 5 to 7 mL/kg taken 4 hours prior to exercise
  • Sodium concentration did not produce significant changes in the rate of absorption but was primarily dependent on carbohydrate concentration
  • Replacing 150% of body weight loss over 60 minutes has been tolerated without complications
  • IV treatment of severe dehydration (&gt;7% body weight loss), exertional heat illness, nausea, emesis, or diarrhea, and in those who cannot ingest oral fluids for other reasons, is clinically indicated
  • A recent survey of the National Football League teams revealed that 75% (24 of 32) of the teams utilized IV infusion of fluids for prehydration in at least some otherwise healthy individuals
  • In the National Football League, an average of 1.5 L of normal saline was administered approximately 2.5 hours prior to competition
  • after 2 hours of exercise, the rectal temperature was 0.6° higher in the group not receiving IV infusion. Also, stroke volume and cardiac output were 11% to 16% lower in the control group versus the IV infusion group.
  • Recent evidence suggests the etiology of EAMC is related to muscle fatigue and neuronal excitability
  • no correlation between hydration status or electrolyte concentrations with EAMC
  • there may be a subset of muscle cramping that is associated with a loss of both body fluid and sodium
  • Glycerol is the primary agent for oral hyperhydration
  • elevation of plasma volume by 200 to 300 mL via dextran infusion resulted in 15% increase in stroke volume, 4% increase in VO2 max, and an increase in the exercise time to fatigue
  • Neither the tonicity nor mode of hydration resulted in improved speed of rehydration, greater fluid retention, or improved performance
  • There are beneficial anecdotal reports of EAMC treatment in elite and professional-level athletes with IV hydration during the course of an event
  • Plasma volume was better restored during rehydration with IV fluids at preexercise and 5 minutes of exercise. At 15 minutes, there was no difference between IV and oral rehydration
  • More rapid restoration of plasma volume was accomplished in the IV treatment group with no advantages over oral rehydration in physiological strain, heat tolerance, ratings of perceived effort, or thermal sensations
  • No difference was found in exercise time to exhaustion. IV and oral rehydration methods were equally effective. Heart rates were statistically higher in the oral rehydration group through 75 minutes of exercise, and there were higher increases in norepinephrine plasma concentrations
  • No significant differences between the groups were found for time to recovery, number of days with pain, number of days with stiffness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, rectal temperature, and loss of appetite
  • The current data suggest that IV rehydration is faster than oral
  • There may be physiological benefits of decreased heart rate and norepinephrine in athletes rehydrated via IV route
  • Postexercise blood 1 hour and 24 hours showed no differences in circulating myoglobin or creatine kinase
  • The use of IV fluid may be beneficial for a subset of fluid sensitive athletes
  • this should be reserved for high-level athletes with strong histories of symptoms in well-monitored settings.
  • Volume expanders may also be beneficial for some athletes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15
     
    to be read
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Supplementation in Heart Failure - 0 views

circheartfailure.ahajournals.org/...315.long

heart failure CHF cardiovascular disease low T low Testosterone low T male men hormone hormones congestive heart failure testosterone deficiency

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 13
     
    Review of 4 studies found that Testosterone therapy improved exercise capacity in those patients with heart failure.
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