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fitspresso

https://www.fitspresso-co.com/ - 0 views

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fitspresso fit spresso us uk buy usa 2023 pros 2022 2024 pills order price weight loss espresso fitespresso review amazon tablet reviews customer supplement does it work

shared by fitspresso on 27 Sep 23 - No Cached
  • fitspresso on 27 Sep 23
     
    FitSpresso™ | Official Site fitspresso-co.com FitSpresso Only $39/Bottle Limited Time Offer! FitSpresso Special Deal + Special 51% Discount Save $660 + 180 Days Money Back Guarantee FitSpresso Herpesyl Five Star A dietary product formulated to assist users in reducing weight can increase other advantages that can support overall health. This product can assist users in getting closer to the desirable body weight. Regular Price: 149/per bottle Only for: $39/per bottle Buy Now What IsFitSpresso? FitSpresso is promoted as a natural supplement that comes in the form of diet pills, and it can aid in rapid and efficient weight loss, similar to many other supplements. The term "natural supplements refers to a nutritional supplement that is made entirely of natural, chemical-free materials. You can utilize these organic ingredients to aid in natural weight loss. It can speed up your body's metabolism and assist with other crucial processes. All parts of our bodies are impacted by weight increase, and not only do we need to deal with the increased weight, but we also need to deal with the numerous problems and illnesses that come along with it. This refers to the risk of developing chronic cardiac conditions, low blood pressure, and, in some circumstances, problems with blood sugar. However, FitSpresso even with its bright and bold claims, can help you efficiently manage your weight and completely avoid these extra uncomfortable problems. FitSpresso is a supplement that comes in the form of a pill, which makes it tasty, simple to swallow, and handy. According to the manufacturer, these diet tablets are GMO-free and toxic-free, making them edible. This is why we have things such as weight loss supplements. Thanks to modern advancements, we can just take a dietary supplement pill to bring about significant weight loss in a completely healthy and natural manner. Not only this, but dietary supplements can also support healthy blood sugar levels and help with
Nathan Goodyear

Oncotarget | NADH autofluorescence, a new metabolic biomarker for cancer stem cells: Id... - 0 views

www.oncotarget.com/index.php

vitamin C IV vitamin C cancer cancer stem cells milk thistle silymarin ascorbic acid bee propolis CAPE glycolytic inhibitor natural

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 17 - No Cached
  • Vitamin C was ~10 times more potent than 2-DG for the targeting of CSCs
  • Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are thought to be the root cause of chemotherapy-resistance and radio-resistance
  • ultimately leading to treatment failure in patients with advanced disease [1-3]. They have been directly implicated mechanistically in tumor recurrence and metastasis, resulting in poor patient survival
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • mitochondrial biogenesis may be a key driver of the CSC phenotype
  • Our results indicate that increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and high NADH levels are both key characteristics of the CSC metabolic phenotype
  • high levels of NAD(P)H auto-fluorescence are known to be a surrogate marker for mitochondrial “power”, high OXPHOS capacity and increased ATP production
  • CSCs may be strictly dependent on NAD(P)H to maintain their enhanced mitochondrial function
  • an intact NAD+ salvage pathway is strictly required for mammosphere formation, supporting our results using NAD(P)H auto-fluorescence, which enriched CSC activity by more than 5-fold.
  • Since glycolysis is especially critical for maintaining the TCA cycle, OXPHOS and overall mitochondrial function, we next assessed the effects of known glycolytic inhibitors
  • we show that two other natural products that function as effective glycolysis inhibitors, also inhibited mammosphere formation. More specifically, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which induces oxidative stress and inhibits the activity of GAPDH (a key glycolytic enzyme) [17], also inhibited mammosphere formation, with an IC-50 of 1 mM (Figure 7B). Therefore, vitamin C was ~10 times more potent than 2-DG at targeting CSC propagation
  • silibinin (the major active constituent of silymarin, an extract of milk thistle seeds) [18], which specifically functions as an inhibitor of glucose uptake, blocked mammosphere formation, with an IC-50 between 200 and 400 µM
  • caffeic acid phenyl ester (CAPE), a key component of honey-bee propolis, has potent anti-cancer properties
  • Propolis has a strong history of medicinal use, dating back more than 2,000 years
  • Because of it aromatic ring structure (Figure 8), we speculated that CAPE might function as a potent inhibitor of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism
  • CAPE quantitatively inhibits the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and, in turn, induces the onset of aerobic glycolysis (ECAR)
  • CAPE shows a clear selectivity for targeting CSCs and adherent cancer cells, relative to normal fibroblasts.
  • CAPE functions as a “natural” mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitor, that preferentially targets the CSC sub-population. This could explain CAPE’s known anti-cancer properties
  • Our data directly shows that a small fraction of the total cell population, characterized by increased PGC1α activity, high mitochondrial ROS/H2O2 and high NADH levels, has the ability to survive and grow under anchorage-independent conditions, driving mammosphere formation
  • We highlight the utility of certain natural products, such as Silibinin, Vitamin C and CAPE, that could be used to therapeutically target CSCs. Silibinin is the major active component of silymarin, which is an extract prepared from milk thistle seeds.
  • high NADH is a property that is conserved between normal and cancerous stem cells
  • Previous studies have also shown that when non-CSCs and CSCs are both fed mitochondrial fuels (such as L-lactate or ketone bodies), that CSCs quantitatively produce more NADH in response to this stimulus
  • CSCs may be strictly dependent on NADH to maintain their enhanced mitochondrial function
  • The Noble Prize winner, Linus Pauling, was among the first to describe and clinically test the efficacy of Vitamin C, as a relatively non-toxic anti-cancer agent
  • Vitamin C has two mechanisms of action. First, it is a potent pro-oxidant, that actively depletes the reduced glutathione pool, leading to cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis in cancer cells. Moreover, it also behaves as an inhibitor of glycolysis, by targeting the activity of GAPDH, a key glycolytic enzyme.
  • Here, we show that Vitamin C can also be used to target the CSC population, as it is an inhibitor of energy metabolism that feeds into the mitochondrial TCA cycle and OXPHOS
  • Vitamin C may prove to be promising agent for new clinical trials, aimed at testing its ability to reduce CSC activity in cancer patients, as an add-on to more conventional therapies, to prevent tumor recurrence, further disease progression and metastasis
  • Interestingly, a breast cancer based clinical study has already shown that the use of Vitamin C, concurrent with or within 6 months of chemotherapy, significantly reduces both tumor recurrence and patient mortality
  • CAPE quantitatively reduces mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR), while inducing a reactive increase in glycolysis (ECAR). As such, it potently inhibits mammosphere formation with an IC-50 of ~2.5 µM. Similarly, it also significantly inhibits cell migration
  • we also demonstrate that 7 different inhibitors of key energetic pathways can be used to effectively block CSC propagation, including three natural products (silibinin, ascorbic acid and CAPE). Future studies will be necessary to test their potential for clinical benefit in cancer patients.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 17
     
    The future of cancer therapy is cancer stem cells.  Study finds that Vitamin C, silymarin, and bee propolis blocks mitochondrial energy pathways in cancer stem cells.  Vitamin C is a known glycolytic inhbitor. Vitamin C was found to inhibit glycolysis via GAPDH targeting to inhibit the energy pathways of the mitochondria in CSCs.  The authors propse that Vitamin C can be used as add on therapies for conventional therapies to specifically attack the CSCs and their contribution to recrurence, treatment resistance, and metastasis potential all in addition to the ability of vitamin C to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.
Nathan Goodyear

Oncotarget | Vitamin C and Doxycycline: A synthetic lethal combination therapy targetin... - 0 views

www.impactjournals.com/...index.php

cancer doxycycline IV vitamin C vitamin C

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jun 17 - No Cached
  • These eight distinct cancer types included: DCIS, breast (ER(+) and ER(-)), ovarian, prostate, lung, and pancreatic carcinomas, as well as melanoma and glioblastoma. Doxycycline was also effective in halting the propagation of primary cultures of CSCs from breast cancer patients, with advanced metastatic disease (isolated from ascites fluid and/or pleural effusions)
  • Doxycycline behaves as a strong radio-sensitizer, successfully overcoming radio-resistance in breast CSCs
  • cancer cells can indeed escape the effects of Doxycycline, by reverting to a purely glycolytic phenotype. Fortunately, the metabolic inflexibility conferred by this escape mechanism allows Doxycycline-resistant (DoxyR) CSCs to be more effectively targeted with many other metabolic inhibitors, including Vitamin C, which functionally blocks aerobic glycolysis
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Vitamin C inhibits GAPDH (a glycolytic enzyme) and depletes the cellular pool of glutathione, resulting in high ROS production and oxidative stress
  • DoxyR CSCs are between 4- to 10-fold more susceptible to the effects of Vitamin C
  • Doxycycline and Vitamin C may represent a new synthetic lethal drug combination for eradicating CSCs, by ultimately targeting both mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism
  • inhibiting their propagation in the range of 100 to 250 µM
  • metabolic flexibility in cancer cells allows them to escape therapeutic eradication, leading to chemo- and radio-resistance
  • used doxycycline to pharmacologically induce metabolic inflexibility in CSCs, by chronically inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis
  • This treatment resulted in a purely glycolytic population of surviving cancer cells
  • DoxyR cells are mainly glycolytic
  • MCF7 cells survive and develop Doxycycline-resistance, by adopting a purely glycolytic phenotype
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be the “root cause” of tumor recurrence, distant metastasis and therapy-resistance
  • the conserved evolutionary similarities between aerobic bacteria and mitochondria, certain classes of antibiotics inhibit mitochondrial protein translation, as an off-target side-effect
  • Vitamin C was more potent than 2-DG; it inhibited DoxyR CSC propagation by > 90% at 250 µM and 100% at 500 µM
  • IC-50
  • DoxyR CSCs are between 4- to 10-fold more sensitive to Vitamin C than control MCF7 CSCs
  • Berberine, which is a naturally occurring antibiotic that also behaves as an OXPHOS inhibitor
  • treatment with Berberine effectively inhibited the propagation of the DoxyR CSCs by > 50% at 1 µM and > 80% at 10 µM.
  • Doxycycline, a clinically approved antibiotic, induces metabolic stress in cancer cells. This allows the remaining cancer cells to be synchronized towards a purely glycolytic phenotype, driving a form of metabolic inflexibility
  • Doxycycline-driven aerobic glycolysis
  • new synthetic lethal strategy for eradicating CSCs, by employing i) Doxycycline (to target mitochondria) and ii) Vitamin C (to target glycolysis)
  • Doxycycline inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis and OXPHOS,
  • hibits glycolytic metabolism by targeting and inhibiting the enzyme GAPDH
  • CSCs act as the main promoter of tumor recurrence and patient relapse
  • a metabolic shift from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism represents an escape mechanism for breast cancer cells chronically-treated with a mitochondrial stressor like Doxycycline, as mitochondrial dys-function leads to a stronger dependence on glucose
  • Vitamin C has been demonstrated to selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and to inhibit tumor growth in experimental mouse models
  • many of these actions have been attributed to the ability of Vitamin C to act as a glycolysis inhibitor, by targeting GAPDH and depleting the NAD pool
  • here we show that DoxyR CSCs are more vulnerable to the inhibitory effects of Vitamin C, at 4- to 10-fold lower concentrations, between 100 to 250 μM
  • concurrent use of Vitamin C, with standard chemotherapy, reduces tumor recurrence and patient mortality
  • after oral administration, Vitamin C plasma levels reach concentrations of ~70-220 μM
  • intravenous administration results in 30- to 70- fold higher plasma concentrations of Vitamin C
  • pro-oxidant activity results from Vitamin C’s action on metal ions, which generates free radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and is associated with cell toxicity
  • it has been shown that high-dose Vitamin C is more cytotoxic to cancer cells than to normal cells
  • This selectivity appears to be due to the higher catalase content observed in normal cells (~10-100 fold greater), as compared to tumor cells. Hence, Vitamin C may be regarded as a safe agent that selectively targets cancer cells
  • the concurrent use of Doxycycline and Vitamin C, in the context of this infectious disease, appeared to be highly synergistic in patients
  • Goc et al., 2016, showed that Doxycycline is synergistic in vitro with certain phytochemicals and micronutrients, including Vitamin C, in the in vitro killing of the vegetative spirochete form of Borrelia spp., the causative agent underlying Lyme disease
  • Doxycycline, an FDA-approved antibiotic, behaves as an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein translation
  • CSCs successfully escape from the anti-mitochondrial effects of Doxycycline, by assuming a purely glycolytic phenotype. Therefore, DoxyR CSCs are then more susceptible to other metabolic perturbations, because of their metabolic inflexibility
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jun 17
     
    Not especially new, but IV vitamin C + daily doxycycline found to kill cancer stem cells.
Nathan Goodyear

How is the Immune System Suppressed by Cancer - 1 views

www.cancertutor.com/ancer-suppresses-immune-system

iNOS cancer immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18 - No Cached
  • nitric oxide (NO) released by tumor cells
  • Excellent work by Prof de Groot of Essen, indicated by adding exogenous xanthine oxidase ( XO) in hepatoma cells, hydrogen peroxide was produced to destroy the hepatoma cells
  • NO from eNOS in cancer cells can travel through membranes and over long distances in the body
  • ...43 more annotations...
  • NO also is co linked to VEGF which in turn increases the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2
  • The other important influence of NO is in its inhibition of the proapoptoic caspases cascade. This in turn protects the cells from intracellular preprogrammed death.
  • nitric oxide in immune suppression in relation to oxygen radicals is its inhibitory effect on the binding of leukocytes (PMN) at the endothelial surface
  • Inhibition of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS)
  • NO from the tumor cells actually suppresses the iNOS, and in addition it reduces oxygen radicals to stop the formation of peroxynitrite in these cells. But NO is not the only inhibitor of iNOS in cancer.
  • Spermine and spermidine, from the rate limiting enzyme for DNA synthases, ODC, also inhibit iNOS
  • tolerance in the immune system that decreases the immune response to antigens on the tumors
  • Freund’s adjuvant
  • increase in kinases in these cells which phosphorylate serine, and tyrosine
  • responsible for activation of many growth factors and enzymes
  • phosphorylated amino acids suppress iNOS activity
  • Hexokinase II
  • Prostaglandin E2, released from tumor cells is also an inhibitor of iNOS, as well as suppressing the immune system
  • Th-1 subset of T-cells. These cells are responsible for anti-viral and anti-cancer activities, via their cytokine production including Interleukin-2, (IL-2), and Interleukin-12 which stimulates T-killer cell replication and further activation and release of tumor fighting cytokines.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18
       
      Th1 cells stimulate NK and other tumor fighting macrophages via IL-2 and IL-12; In contrast, Th2, which is stimulated in allergies and parasitic infections, produce IL-4 and IL-10.  IL-4 and IL-10 inhibit TH-1 activation and the histamine released from mast cell degranulation upregulates T suppressor cells to further immune suppression.
  • Th-2 subset of lymphocytes, on the other hand are activated in allergies and parasitic infections to release Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-10
  • These have respectively inhibitory effects on iNOS and lymphocyte Th-1 activation
  • Mast cells contain histamine which when released increases the T suppressor cells, to lower the immune system and also acts directly on many tumor Histamine receptors to stimulate tumor growth
  • Tumor cells release IL-10, and this is thought to be one of the important areas of Th-1 suppression in cancer patients
  • IL-10 is also increased in cancer causing viral diseases such as HIV, HBV, HCV, and EBV
  • IL-10 is also a central regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin production in tumor cells stimulating their angiogenesis and NO production
  • nitric oxide in tumor cells even prevents the activation of caspases responsible for apoptosis
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18
       
      NO produced by cancer cells inhibits proapoptotic pathways such as the caspases.
  • early stages of carcinogenesis, which we call tumor promotion, one needs a strong immune system, and fewer oxygen radicals to prevent mutations but still enough to destroy the tumor cells should they develop
  • later stages of cancer development, the oxygen radicals are decreased around the tumors and in the tumor cells themselves, and the entire cancer fighting Th-1 cell replication and movement are suppressed. The results are a decrease in direct toxicity and apoptosis, which is prevented by NO, a suppression of the macrophage and leukocyte toxicity and finally, a suppression of the T-cell induced tumor toxicity
  • cGMP is increased by NO
  • NO in cancer is its ability to increase platelet-tumor cell aggregates, which enhances metastases
  • the greater the malignancies and the greater the metastatic potential of these tumors
  • The greater the NO production in many types of tumors,
  • gynecological
  • elevated lactic acid which neutralizes the toxicity and activity of Lymphocyte immune response and mobility
  • The lactic acid is also feeding fungi around tumors and that leads to elevated histamine which increases T-suppressor cells.  Histamine alone stimulates many tumor cells.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18
       
      The warburg effect in cancer cells results in the increase in local lactic acid production which suppresses lymphocyte activity and toxicity as well as stimulates histamine production with further stimulates tumor cell growth.
  • T-regulatory cells (formerly,T suppressor cells) down regulate the activity of Natural killer cells
  • last but not least, the Lactic acid from tumor cells and acidic diets shifts the lymphocyte activity to reduce its efficacy against cancer cells and pathogens in addition to altering the bacteria of the intestinal tract.
  • intestinal tract bacteria in cancer cells release sterols that suppress the immune system and down regulate anticancer activity from lymphocytes.
  • In addition to the lactic acid, adenosine is also released from tumors. Through IL-10, adenosine and other molecules secreted by regulatory T cells, the CD8+ cells can be inactivated to an anergic state
  • Adenosine up regulates the PD1 receptor in T-1 Lymphocytes and inhibits their activity
  • Adenosine is a purine nucleoside found within the interstitial fluid of solid tumors at concentrations that are able to inhibit cell-mediated immune responses to tumor cells
  • Adenosine appears to up-regulate the PD1 receptor in T-1 Lymphocytes and inhibits the immune system further
  • Mast cells with their release of histamine lower the immune system and also stimulate tumor growth and activate the metalloproteinases involved in angiogenesis and metastases
  • COX 2 inhibitors or all trans-retinoic acid
  • Cimetidine, an antihistamine has been actually shown to increase in apoptosis in MDSC via a separate mechanism than the antihistamine effect
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18
       
      cimetidine is an H2 blocker
  • interleukin-8 (IL-8), a chemokine related to invasion and angiogenesis
  • In vitro analyses revealed a striking induction of IL-8 expression in CAFs and LFs by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
  • these data raise the possibility that the majority of CAFs in CLM originate from resident LFs. TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of IL-8 via nuclear factor-kappaB in CAFs is an inflammatory pathway, potentially permissive for cancer invasion that may represent a novel therapeutic target
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 18
     
    Great review of the immunosuppression in cancer driven by the likes of NO.
Nathan Goodyear

Broad targeting of angiogenesis for cancer prevention and therapy - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4737670

cancer curcumin VEGF EGCG green tea melatonin quercetin Resveratrol silymarin flavonoids HIF-1alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 18 - No Cached
  • vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8), placental growth factor (PlGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), angiopoietins (Angs) and others (reviewed in [4])
  • The switch may also involve down-regulation of endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis such as endostatin, angiostatin or thrombospondin (reviewed in [5]) and has thus been regarded as the result of tipping the net balance between positive and negative regulators
  • There is a complex interrelationship between tumor hypoxia and tumor angiogenesis
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • chronic hypoxia
  • acute hypoxia
  • Environmental stress as a result of low oxygen and proper nutrient deprivation, such as glucose deprivation, are capable of inducing VEGF mRNA stabilization resulting in increased levels of the secreted ligand and angiogenic growth
  • HIFalpha subunits accumulate in the cytoplasm where they bind HIFbeta to form a heterodimer that subsequently translocates to the nucleus to activate transcription of target genes, including genes important for various processes such as metabolism (glucose transporter (GLUT)-1, hexokinase (HK)-1), cell growth (cyclin (CCN)-D1 [23]) and also angiogenesis, such as erythropoietin, VEGF and PDGF [24] (summarized in Fig. 1)
  • When oxygen levels are low (hypoxia; red arrow) PHDs cannot hydroxylate HIFalphas thereby allowing them to escape pVHL-mediated degradation. HIFalpha subunits accumulate and bind to their heterodimeric partner, HIFbeta, translocate into the nucleus and activate a cascade of hypoxic signaling first by the transcription of various target genes including microRNAs that are important for tumor promoting pathways
  • c-Src is also capable of activating HIFs by indirectly inhibiting PHD activity via the NADPH oxidase/Rac pathway.
  • mTOR can also promote stabilization and HIF transcriptional activity
  • hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), heterodimeric transcription factors composed from alpha and beta subunits, which can be rapidly stabilized to fluidly adapt to and overcome the effects of a hypoxic environment
  • Curcumin inhibits the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, and the kinase activity of Src and FAK, which are responsible for the induction of angiogenic genes as well as endothelial cell polarity and migration
  • Curcumin also reduces the MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, along with the suppression of growth and invasion potential of tumor cells in culture and xenograft experiments
  • The expression of angiogenic biomarkers COX-2 and serum levels of VEGF were significantly reduced in the curcumin-treated group
  • Resveratrol inhibits capillary endothelial cell growth and new blood vessel growth in animals
  • interrupting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis
  • [155] and impeding angiogenesis by suppressing VEGF expression through down-regulation of HIF-1alpha
  • resveratrol was reported to inhibit cell proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells and human osteosarcoma cells by attenuating HIF-1alpha
  • prevents cytokine-induced vascular leakage and tumor metastasis
  • The underlying molecular mechanisms include: blocking VEGF- and FGF-receptor-mediated MAPK activation, inhibiting Akt- and MAPK-driven HIF-1alpha basal expression and its induction by IGF-1, stimulating the proteasomal degradation of HIF-1alpha, inhibiting phosphatidyl inositol (PI)-3K/Akt and Ras/mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/ERK pathways, and activation of forkhead box (FOX)O transcription factors
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 18
     
    natural compounds to attach cancer explained.
Nathan Goodyear

Ivermectin: enigmatic multifaceted 'wonder' drug continues to surprise and exceed expec... - 0 views

www.nature.com/ja201711

Ivermectin cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 18 - No Cached
  • The avermectins are known to possess pronounced antitumor activity
  • Over the past few years, there have been steadily increasing reports that ivermectin may have varying uses as an anti-cancer agent, as it has been shown to exhibit both anti-cancer and anti-cancer stem cell properties
  • In human ovarian cancer and NF2 tumor cell lines, high-dose ivermectin inactivates protein kinase PAK1 and blocks PAK1-dependent growth
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • PAK1 is essential for the growth of more than 70% of all human cancers, including breast, prostate, pancreatic, colon, gastric, lung, cervical and thyroid cancers, as well as hepatoma, glioma, melanoma, multiple myeloma and for neurofibromatosis tumors
  • Ivermectin suppresses breast cancer by activating cytostatic autophagy, disrupting cellular signaling in the process, probably by reducing PAK1 expression
  • Cancer stem cells are a key factor in cancer cells developing resistance to chemotherapies and these results indicate that a combination of chemotherapy agents plus ivermectin could potentially target and kill cancer stem cells, a paramount goal in overcoming cancer
  • Triple-negative breast cancers, which lack estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors, account for 10–20% of breast cancers and are associated with poor prognosis
  • Ivermectin addition led to transcriptional modulation of genes associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and maintenance of a cancer stem cell phenotype in triple-negative breast cancers cells, resulting in impairment of clonogenic self-renewal in vitro and inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in vivo
  • ivermectin synergizes with the chemotherapy agents cytarabine and daunorubicin to induce cell death in leukemia cells
  • Ivermectin-induced cytostatic autophagy also leads to suppression of tumor growth in breast cancer xenografts, causing researchers to believe there is scope for using ivermectin to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation and that the drug is a potential treatment for breast cancer
  • Ivermectin inhibits proliferation and increases apoptosis of various human cancers
  • Activation of WNT-TCF signaling is implicated in multiple diseases, including cancers of the lungs and intestine,
  • A new screening system has found that ivermectin inhibits the expression of WNT-TCF targets
  • It represses the levels of C-terminal β-catenin phosphoforms and of cyclin D1 in an okadaic acid-sensitive manner, indicating its action involves protein phosphatases
  • In vivo, ivermectin selectively inhibits TCF-dependent, but not TCF-independent, xenograft growth without side effects
  • ivermectin has an exemplary safety record, it could swiftly become a useful tool as a WNT-TCF pathway response blocker to treat WNT-TCF-dependent diseases, encompassing multiple cancers.117
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 18
     
    Ivermectin shows promise and usefullness in several cancer types.  This is a review article.
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen Receptors in Colorectal Cancer: Goalkeepers, Strikers, or Bystanders? - 0 views

cancerpreventionresearch.aacrjournals.org/...897.full

estrogen colon cancer ER beta ER-beta breast

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • one can conclude that ERβ has an overall antiproliferative effect, thereby inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and antagonizing ERα function in the breast
  • HRT with estrogen alone did not increase the risk of breast cancer in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trials program
  • colorectal normal or cancer epithelium does not coexpress ERα and ERβ
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • ERβ expression resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and G1 phase cell-cycle arrest
  • ERβ expression strongly inhibited cMyc and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model
  • induced ERβ in CRC cells has an antiproliferative, tumor-suppressive function that is independent of ERα
  • ERs also have the ability to bind many other compounds with an estrogen-like structure, including phytoestrogens and xenoestrogens (or endocrine disruptors)
  • Phytoestrogens are a diverse class of natural compounds with structural similarity to estradiol
  • Barone et al. recently found that two ERβ-selective phytoestrogens effectively counteracted CRC tumorigenesis and surprisingly increased ERβ expression in mice with mutations of the tumor-suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli
  • We can conclude that estrogens are important in protecting against CRC initiation and progression, and that the protective effect most likely is mediated by ERβ
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Nov 13
     
    ER beta is a new potential mode of therapy in colon cancer.  ER beta stimulation has been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth.
Nathan Goodyear

British Journal of Cancer - Dichloroacetate inhibits aerobic glycolysis in multiple mye... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...bjc2013120a.html

DCA dichloroacetate cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Nov 14
     
    Dichloroacetate (DCA) inhibits aerobic glycolysis via inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which allows for the phosphorylation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and the formation of acetylCo-A.  This then feeds the krebs cycle.  Increased mitochondrial activity increases ROS and resultant apoptosis of cancer cells.
Nathan Goodyear

Cross-kingdom inhibition of breast cancer growth by plant miR159 - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4746606

cancer epigenetics nutrigenomics nutrition diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 17 - No Cached
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a major family of small RNAs, are ∼23 nt-long single strands of RNA that bind to mRNA transcripts to inhibit their translation
  • A recent study by Zhang et al. reported that plant-derived miRNAs can be found in human serum.
  • The group demonstrates that the plant miRNA miR168 may be taken up through dietary intake to inhibit the expression of its target low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 in the liver21, providing the first evidence that miRNA in food may influence gene expression in mammalian organs.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • A more recent finding by the same group shows that a plant miRNA from honeysuckle is able to inhibit Influenza A replication22, indicating that plant miRNAs may be useful for treating human diseases.
  • We found that plant miR159 could be detected in human sera and its levels were inversely correlated with BC incidence and progression.
  • We further identified TCF7 as a mammalian target for miR159 and showed the anti-proliferative function of miR159 in BC cells using in vitro and in vivo models, demonstrating for the first time that a plant miRNA is able to influence BC cell growth.
  • certain dietary miRNAs from plants and other species may serve as highly affordable and powerful means of treatment with minimal inconvenience to patients.
  • miR159 which (using a synthetic mimic) targets TCF7 to inhibit the proliferation of cells whose growth is dependent on TCF7 such as the BC cells MDA-MB-231
  • our study using a BC model clearly indicates the anti-tumor effect of orally administered synthetic miR159 in its naturally existing form with the plant-specific 2'-O-methylation, suggesting the feasibility of using synthetic forms of plant miRNAs as dietary supplements in the treatment of human cancers, including those outside of the GI track
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 17
     
    Plant microRNA found to exist in human serum from gut absorption to then alter genetic expression in in-vitro and in vivo studies.
Nathan Goodyear

Sulforaphane, a Dietary Component of Broccoli/Broccoli Sprouts, Inhibits Breast Cancer ... - 0 views

clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/...2580.abstract

sulforaphane breast cancer broccoli

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • sulforaphane, a natural compound derived from broccoli/broccoli sprouts
  • Sulforaphane inhibits breast CSCs
  • These findings support the use of sulforaphane for the chemoprevention of breast cancer stem cells
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 11
     
    Sulforaphane, naturally found in broccoli  inhibits breast CSCs
Nathan Goodyear

VEGF receptor inhibitors block the ability of metronomically dosed cyclophosphamide to ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3294103

low-dose chemotherapy glioblastoma multiforme VEGF glioblastoma cancer metronomic chemotherapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Nov 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Nov 20
     
    CPA administered on an intermittent, every 6-day metronomic schedule stimulates tumor recruitment of macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells with regression of large established tumors, as seen in several implanted glioma models; also of note, VEGF inhibition inhibited this effect.
Nathan Goodyear

The impact of the microbiome in cancer: Targeting metabolism of cancer cells and host -... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC9708872

tumor microbiome cancer gut microbiome TME metabolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 24 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 24
     
    Studies have found that high-salt diet can enhance the function of natural killer (NK) cells by enriching the abundance of Bifidobacterium, thus inhibiting tumor growth (63). High dietary fiber can enrich A. muciniphila, activate innate immunity, reshape the tumor microenvironment, and exert the function of inhibiting tumor (64). Notably, Wargo et al. have confirmed that high-dietary fiber diet can enhance anti-tumor immunity and increase the infiltration of tumor-killing T cells, while commercial probiotics treatment alone does not enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study suggests that probiotics intervention is strain-specific and should be put in a specific dietary environment to make sense, to some extent (65).
Nathan Goodyear

Metabolic management of brain cancer - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0005272810006857

brain cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Glutamine is a major metabolic fuel for both brain tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)
  • the malignant phenotype of brain tumor cells that survive radiotherapy is often greater than that of the cells from the original tumor.
  • Conventional chemotherapy has faired little better than radiation therapy for the long-term management of malignant brain cancer
  • ...37 more annotations...
  • most conventional radiation and brain cancer chemotherapies can enhance glioma energy metabolism and invasive properties, which would contribute to tumor recurrence and reduced patient survival [34].
  • We contend that all cancer regardless of tissue or cellular origin is a disease of abnormal energy metabolism
  • complex disease phenotypes can be managed through self-organizing networks that display system wide dynamics involving oxidative and non-oxidative (substrate level) phosphorylation
  • As long as brain tumors are provided a physiological environment conducive for their energy needs they will survive; when this environment is restricted or abruptly changed they will either grow slower, growth arrest, or perish [8] and [19]
  • New information also suggests that ketones are toxic to some human tumor cells and that ketones and ketogenic diets might restrict availability of glutamine to tumor cells [68], [69] and [70].
  • The success in dealing with environmental stress and disease is therefore dependent on the integrated action of all cells in the organism
  • Tumor cells survive in hypoxic environments not because they have inherited genes making them more fit or adaptable than normal cells, but because they have damaged mitochondria and have thus acquired the ability to derive energy largely through substrate level phosphorylation
  • Cancer cells survive and multiply only in physiological environments that provide fuels (mostly glucose and glutamine) subserving their requirement for substrate level phosphorylation
  • Integrity of the inner mitochondrial membrane is necessary for ketone body metabolism since β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the first step in the metabolism of β-OHB to acetoacetate, interacts with cardiolipin and other phospholipids in the inner membrane
  • the mitochondria of many gliomas and most tumors for that matter are dysfunctional
  • Cardiolipin is essential for efficient oxidative energy production and mitochondrial function
  • Any genetic or environmental alteration in the content or composition of cardiolipin will compromise energy production through oxidative phosphorylation
  • The Crabtree effect involves the inhibition of respiration by high levels of glucose
  • the Warburg effect involves elevated glycolysis from impaired oxidative phosphorylation
  • the Crabtree effect can be reversible, the Warburg effect is largely irreversible because its origin is with permanently damaged mitochondria
  • The continued production of lactic acid in the presence of oxygen is the metabolic hallmark of most cancers and is referred to as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect
  • We recently described how the retrograde signaling system could induce changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes to facilitate tumor cell survival following mitochondrial damage [48].
  • In addition to glycolysis, glutamine can also increase ATP production under hypoxic conditions through substrate level phosphorylation in the TCA cycle after its metabolism to α-ketoglutarate
  • mitochondrial lipid abnormalities, which alter electron transport activities, can account in large part for the Warburg effect
  • targeting both glucose and glutamine metabolism could be effective for managing most cancers including brain cancer
  • The bulk of experimental evidence indicates that mitochondria are dysfunctional in tumors and incapable of generating sufficient ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
  • Cardiolipin defects in tumor cells are also associated with reduced activities of several enzymes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain making it unlikely that tumor cells with cardiolipin abnormalities can generate adequate energy through oxidative phosphorylation
  • The Crabtree effect involves the inhibition of respiration by high levels of glucose
  • Warburg effect involves elevated glycolysis from impaired oxidative phosphorylation
  • TCA cycle substrate level phosphorylation could therefore become another source of ATP production in tumor cells with impairments in oxidative phosphorylation
  • Caloric restriction, which lowers glucose and elevates ketone bodies [63] and [64], improves mitochondrial respiratory function and glutathione redox state in normal cells
  • DR naturally inhibits glycolysis and tumor growth by lowering circulating glucose levels, while at the same time, enhancing the health and vitality of normal cells and tissues through ketone body metabolism
  • DR is anti-angiogenic
  • DR also reduces angiogenesis in prostate and breast cancer
  • We suggest that apoptosis resistance arises largely from enhanced substrate level phosphorylation of tumor cells and to the genes associated with elevated glycolysis and glutaminolysis, e.g., c-Myc, Hif-1a, etc, which inhibit apoptosis
  • Modern medicine has not looked favorably on diet therapies for managing complex diseases especially when well-established procedures for acceptable clinical practice are available, regardless of how ineffective these procedures might be in managing the disease
  • More than 60 years of clinical research indicates that such approaches are largely ineffective in extending survival or improving quality of life
  • The process is rooted in the well-established scientific principle that tumor cells are largely dependent on substrate level phosphorylation for their survival and growth
  • Glucose and glutamine drive substrate level phosphorylation
  • targeting the glycolytically active tumor cells that produce pro-cachexia molecules, restricted diet therapies can potentially reduce tumor cachexia
  • It is important to recognize, however, that “more is not better” with respect to the ketogenic diet
  • Blood glucose ranges between 3.0 and 3.5 mM (55–65 mg/dl) and β-OHB ranges between 4 and 7 mM should be effective for tumor management
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jun 13
     
    Dr Seyfriend presents his metabolic approach to the treatment of brain cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin attenuates the development of allergic airway inflammation and hyper-responsiv... - 0 views

www.greenmedinfo.com/...ation-and-hyper-responsiveness

curcumin inflammtion airway allergy allergies NF-KappaB asthma

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 12
     
    curcumin shown to inhibit allergic airway inflammation, through NF-kappaB inhibition.  This has implications in asthma flares.
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin works synergistically with paclitaxel to inhibit breast cancer in a mouse mode... - 0 views

www.greenmedinfo.com/...ibit-breast-cancer-mouse-model

curcumin NF-KappaB inflammation breast cancer CA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 12
     
    curcumin shown to augment paclitaxel in breast cancer treatment.  Specifically, NF-kappaB inhibition resulted in reduction in tumor size, decreased tumor cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and decreased MM-9.
Nathan Goodyear

Naturally occurring NF-kappaB inhibitors. [Mini Rev Med Chem. 2006] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16918500

NF-KappaB inflammation overweight obesity natural inhibition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jan 12
     
    natural inhibition of NF-KappaB
Nathan Goodyear

Natural products as important tyrosine kinase inhibitors - 0 views

dacemirror.ggws.net/...yin2019.pdf

natural therapy cancer tyrosine kinase natural therapies natural medicine tyrosine kinase inhibitors

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Mar 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Mar 21
     
    Good review of some natural products that have been shown to inhibit tyrosine kinase activity.
Nathan Goodyear

Inflammatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease: Inhibition of β-Amyloid-Stimu... - 0 views

www.jneurosci.org/...558.long

inflammation AD alzheimer's neurodegenerative disease PPAR-gamma PPAR microglial alzheimer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • PPARγ agonists were shown to inhibit the β-amyloid-stimulated expression of the cytokine genes interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α. Furthermore, PPARγ agonists inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase-2.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jun 12
     
    Not that we are recommending NSAIDS to reduce inflammation: but the learned biochemical pathways of inflammation involved with AD, allows a natural approach to reduce microglial associated inflammation through PPAR-gamma activation.
Nathan Goodyear

Induction and Inhibition of Aromatase (CYP19) Activity by Natural and Synthetic Flavono... - 0 views

toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/...70.full

isoflavones quercetine aromatase inhibitor inhibition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 11 - No Cached
  • Natural flavones were consistently more potent inhibitors
  • The natural flavone quercetin and isoflavone genistein induced aromatase activity 4- and 2.5-fold induction
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 11
     
    Quercetin shown to be a good natural aromatase inhibitor
Nathan Goodyear

Progesterone receptor modulates ER[agr] action in breast cancer : Nature : Nature Publi... - 1 views

www.nature.com/...nature14583.html

progesterone hormones breast cancer cancer bio-identical hormones HRT BHRT receptors ER alpha ER-alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Dec 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Dec 15
     
    Progesterone, that is progesterone (not progestin, provera...) found to inhibit ER alpha activity in breast cancer. 
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