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Nathan Goodyear

ERα/E2 signaling suppresses the expressi... [Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012] - Pub... - 0 views

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    Another support point for Estrogen as a cause of low Testosterone.  This animal study points to signaling of Estradiol through ER alpha.  This study found high expression of ER alpha and subsequent signaling by E2 decreased cAMP and Nur77 transcription factor.  Nur77 increases steroid synthesis.  This was confirmed with ER alpha knockout mice.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone deficiency: A determinant of ao... [Atherosclerosis. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    low Total Testosterone associated with CAD, particularly aortic.  Obviously, Testosterone, when low, is a marker of poor health in men.  However, low Testosterone can likely play a role in disease development, especially when age is factored in--low Testosterone in younger men likely plays an etiology versus a lesser impact in the elder.
Nathan Goodyear

Maternal and Cord Steroid Sex Hormones, Angiogenic Factors and Insulin-like Growth Fact... - 0 views

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    Women with elevated androgens, Testosterone and androstenedione, are at higher risk of preeclampsia.  This translates to a higher risk of CVD in women later in life, post pregnancy.  This fits with other literature that CVD is linearly associated with a rising Testosterone.  This has been found in caucasian and black women.
Nathan Goodyear

Dehydroepiandrosterone and Analogs Inhibit DNA Binding of AP-1 and Airway Smooth Muscle... - 0 views

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    DHEA beneficial at the biochemistry level in asthma.  DHEA inhibits the activation of transcription factor activator protein-1.
Dr. Jennifer Martinick

Dr Jennifer Martinick - Experienced Hair Transplant Surgeon - 0 views

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    Dr Jennifer Martinick reviews the cases of many Hair Loss patients everyday. She has also spread knowledge on factors that causes negative impact on hairs. Read this complete article to know why an experienced Hair Restoration Surgeon is preferred.
Nathan Goodyear

Fatigue and serum testosterone in obstructive ... [Clin Respir J. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Severe sleep apnea associated with lower Testosterone levels and fatigue.  The low level of Testosterone was the only factor predictive of fatigue and reduced activity in sleep apnea.  This was only found in severe sleep apnea, not mild cases.
Nathan Goodyear

JAMA Network | JAMA | The Familial Risk of Autism - 0 views

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    New study finds autism is mix of genetic and environmental factors.
Nathan Goodyear

ERβ Has Nongenomic Action in Caveolae: Molecular Endocrinology: Vol 16, No 5 - 0 views

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    Estrogen receptors are primarily located inside the nucleus and in the cytoplasm; not on the cell membrane surface. This article specifically focus' on the non-genomic action of ER-beta.  ER-alpha and ER-beta are classic transcription factors.
Nathan Goodyear

Late onset hypogonadism of men is not equivalent t... [Maturitas. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    published ahead of print, so full article is not available.  Abstract points to low T as a result of metabolic factors i.e. obesity, inflammation...This is true.  The authors, in the abstract, point to the differences in Menopause in women versus low T in men.  
Willow O'Donnell

Different Criteria To Classify Infusion Pumps By - 0 views

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    Make sure that you actually have a plan when about to purchase infusion pumps. What do you need to use them for? The actual flexibility is a very important factor. Normally, you can find stationary pumps. 
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Probiotic Microbes Sustain Youthful Serum Testosterone Levels and Testicular ... - 0 views

  • Studies in both humans and rodents, however, suggest that low testosterone is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular luteinizing hormone metabolism
  • Various dietary factors and diet-induced obesity have been shown to increase the risk for late onset male hypogonadism and low testosterone production in both humans and mice
  • Testosterone deficiency and metabolic diseases such as obesity appear to inter-digitate in complex cause-and-effect relationships
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  • dietary supplementation of aged mice with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri makes them appear to be younger than their matched untreated sibling mice
  • These results indicate that gut microbiota induce modulation of local gastrointestinal immunity resulting in systemic effects on the immune system which activate metabolic pathways that restore tissue homeostasis and overall health
  • all these studies we consistently observed that young and aged mice consuming purified L. reuteri organisms had particularly large testes and a dominant male behavior.
  • The testes of probiotic-fed aged mice were rescued from both seminiferous tubule atrophy and interstitial Leydig cell area reduction typical of the normal aging process. Preservation of testicular architecture despite advanced age or high-fat diet coincided with remarkably high levels of circulating testosterone. The beneficial effects of probiotic consumption were recapitulated by the depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17.
  • feeding of L. reuteri consistently increased the gonadal weights, consumption of a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 organisms did not affect testicular weight
  • mice with dietary L. reuteri supplements were rescued from diet-induced obesity and had normal body weight and lean physique
  • Despite the comparable numbers of ST profiles, we determined that testes from L. reuteri-treated mice had increased ST cross-sectioned profiles
  • the probiotic organism induced prominent Leydig cell accumulations in the interstitial tissue between the ST's
  • The probiotic-associated increase of interstitial Leydig cell areas was sustained with advancing age at 7 (CD vs CD+LR, P = 0.0025; CD+E.coli vs CD+LR, P = 0.0251) and 12 months
  • mice eating L. reuteri had profoundly increased levels of circulating testosterone regardless of the type of diet they consumed
  • blocking pro-inflammatory Il-17 signaling entirely recapitulates the beneficial effects of probiotics
  • previous studies we found that dietary probiotics counteract obesity [19] and age-related integumentary pathology [18] at least in part by down-regulating systemic pro-inflammatory IL-17A-dependent signaling
  • Testes histomorphometry and serum androgen concentration data were both suggestive of a probiotic-associated up-regulation of spermatogenesis in mice
  • Lactobacillus reuteri we discovered that aging male animals had larger testes compared to their age-matched controls
  • xamined testes of probiotic microbe-fed mice and found that they had less testicular atrophy coinciding with higher levels of circulating testosterone compared to their age-matched controls
  • Similar testicular health benefits were produced using systemic depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17 alone, implicating a chronic inflammatory pathway in hypogonadism
  • One specific aspect of this paradigm is reciprocal activities of pro-inflammatory Th-17 and anti-inflammatory Treg cells
  • Feeding of L. reuteri organisms was previously shown to up-regulate IL-10 levels and reduce levels of IL-17 [19] serving to lower systemic inflammation
  • insufficient levels of IL-10 may increase the risk for autoimmunity, obesity, and other inflammatory disease syndromes
  • Westernized diets are also low in vitamin D, a nutrient that when present normally works together with IL-10 to protect against inflammatory disorders
  • Physiological feedback loops apparently exist between microbes, host hormones, and immunity
  • The hormone testosterone has been shown to act directly through androgen receptors on CD4+ cells to increase IL-10 expression
  • studies in both humans and rodents suggest that hypogonadism is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular LH metabolism
  • We postulate that probiotic gut microbes function symbiotically with their mammalian hosts to impart immune homeostasis to maintain systemic and testicular health [34]–[35] despite suboptimal dietary conditions.
  • Dietary factors and diet-induced obesity were previously shown to increase risk for age-associated male hypogonadism, reduced spermatogenesis, and low testosterone production in both humans and mice [2]–[4], [8]–[11], [14]–[17], phenotypic features that in this study were inhibited by oral probiotic therapy absent milk sugars, extra protein, or vitamin D supplied in yogurt.
  • Similar beneficial effects of probiotic microbes on testosterone levels and sperm indices were reported in male mice that had been simultaneously supplemented with selenium
  • L. reuteri-associated prevention of age- and diet-related testicular atrophy correlates with increased numbers and size of Leydig cells
  • the initial changes of testicular atrophy begin to occur in mice from the age of 6 moths onwards [7] and indicates that the trophic effect of L. reuteri on Leydig cells is a key event which precedes and prevents age-related changes in the testes of mice. This effect is reminiscent of earlier studies describing Leydig cell hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy in the mouse and the rat testis that were achievable by the administration of gonadotropins, including human chorionic gonadotropin, FSH and LH
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    Fascinating study on how the addition of Lactobacillus reuteri increased Testicular size, prevented testicular atrophy, increased serum Testosterone production and protected against diet-induced/obesity-induced hypogonadism.  This was a mouse model
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: The Gut Microbiota and Developmental Programming of the Testis in Mice - 0 views

  • The intra-testicular level of testosterone in GF mice was found to be significantly lower than in SPF and CBUT mice
  • This study establishes a novel role for the commensal gut microbiota in the regulation of testicular development and function
  • Absence of the normal microbiota influences the formation and the integrity of the BTB as well as the intra-testicular levels of testosterone and serum levels of LH and FSH.
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  • Nutritional, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors (among others) are involved in the regulation of normal spermatogenesis.
  • he gut microbiota is one such potential source of environmental factors/products that has developed an intimate symbiotic relationship with host's physiology.
  • Manipulation of the gut microbiotia through dietary modification, pre- and probiotics can therefore be beneficial for the host's reproductive health.
  • In the current study, colonizing GF mice with CBUT resulted in an increased sperm production, suggesting that bacterial products, e.g. of fermentation, directly or indirectly, can affect the testis.
  • the absence of gut microbiota influenced testosterone levels
  • A recent study demonstrated that dietary supplementation of the probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri increased and restored testosterone levels in aging mice
  • bacterial metabolites such as butyrate have been shown to increase the levels of LH [43] and FSH
  • This suggests that butyrate most likely regulates testosterone production at the testicular level by stimulation of gene expression in Leydig cells and with little or no effect at the pituitary- hypothalamic levels.
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    gut micro biome effects spermatogenesis, Testosterone production, and the brain-testicle-barrier.
Nathan Goodyear

An Overview of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Implications for Excitotoxic Vulne... - 0 views

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    great review of BDNF and neurogenesis.
Nathan Goodyear

Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Human Saliva: ELISA Optimization and Biological Co... - 0 views

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    BDNF can be found and followed in saliva
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in an Inner-City Cohort - 0 views

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    This study of inner city men found low T associated with methadone use.  Narcotics are a known risk factor for low T.  The free T was calculated from serum.  This equilibrium dialysis is based on too many variables.  Look at the studies on equilibrium dialysis.  This study also found calculated free T was not associated with insulin resistance.  However, insulin resistance is a peripheral tissue dysfunction not a serum dysfunction.  So, a calculated free T (not reality) in the serum shows me nothing of the peripheral activity.  For example, inflammation has been shown to increase aromatase activity in the prostate tissue only.  The thinking in the conclusions of so many of these studies is soooo flawed.
wheelchairindia9

Karma Vip 515 - 0 views

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    Wheelchair with comfortble reclining back headrest. This wheelchair allows the user to obtain a more comfortable position, equally for those who are unable to sit at 90 degrees, but need to lie back. Options include elevating legrests and cushioning. This type of Wheelchair is a superb light weight aluminium total care chair with all the actions one would wish. All fully adjustable, tilt in space, reclining back, multi positional headrest,elevating legrests and full pressure cushioning. The reclining deluxe manual wheelchair. This wheelchair has all the features one would need in a wheelchair, fully adjustable arms, legrests, reclining back and pop off wheels. To remove the wheels simply press the button in the centre of the wheel and slide them off. Ideal for those who need to recline in the wheelchair as the back rest on this wheelchair can be adjusted to any position. With cushions, elevating legrests and other options, this wheelchair can be configured to meet most needs. This chair does not have tilt in space mechanism or pressure care cushioning, for this must look to the tilt in space chair. Comfort and positioning tilt-in-space wheelchair which is durable, modern looking and comfortable. It offers adjustable seat height and depth, back height, length adjustable armpads and infinite recline and tilt. The multifunction tilt in space wheelchair focuses heavily on the need of each individual user which is why it has many adjustments in one frame to make sure it can alter to cater individual requirements. One of the main features of this chair is its tilt in space feature, which allows a step less adjustment of the backrest and the seat angle. This is easily operated from the push handle and can be quickly adjusted when needed. The design of the backrest and seating on the wheelchair helps ensure comfort and support for the user. Wheelchair comes with elevating leg rests fitted as standard which again are step less and easily adjusted. There is also the o
wheelchairindia9

Recliner Wheelchair - 0 views

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    Reclining wheelchairs, since the product class is built around one key feature: the capability to adjust the backrest and/or footrest into a reclined position. This feature is especially important to users who find it difficult or impossible to sit in a fully upright position, and users who sleep in their chairs frequently. For those that are looking for a more portable chair. When compared with a similar, non-reclining chair, a reclining wheelchair tends to weigh more and - unlike other manual models - manual wheelchairs that recline typically aren't foldable. reclining wheelchair compensates mechanically for body positioning by automatically readjusting armrests and lateral supports.

    Recliner wheelchair is low profile allowing to comfortably fit under tables and desks. Enjoy numerous activities with increased comfort such as stretching, napping and watching television. The ability to recline also improves circulation and the ability for sore spots to heal.

    Karma Reclining Wheelchair KM 5000:
    The karma reclining wheelchair km-5000 Transport Wheelchair is an ultra lightweight folding aluminum reclining wheelchair. With full length padded armrests, an adjustable height head pillow, and more this wheelchair has added comfort for any user. This chair also features swing-away elevating footrests and adjustable length leg supports and footplates. With a weight of 33 Lbs this chair can be transported with ease.

    Karma Reclining Wheelchair KM 5000 Features:
    Folding 6061 T-6 Aircraft-grade aluminum frame in black
    powder coat finish
    Backrest Reclines 90°~163° and includes anti-tippers
    Full length padded detachable armrests with side panels
    Swing-away detachable elevating footrests
    Adjustable length leg supports & footplates
    Adjustable-height head pillow
    14" Mag wheels with flat free polyurethane tires
    7" x 1" Flat free front polyurethane casters
    Adjustab
Nathan Goodyear

Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation for Patients with Cirrhosis | Clinical Correl... - 0 views

  • low level of BCAAs in patients with cirrhosis is hypothesized to be one of multiple factors responsible for development of hepatic encephalopathy
  • supplementation of BCAAs is thought to facilitate ammonia detoxification by supporting synthesis of glutamine, one of the non-branched chain amino acids, in skeletal muscle and in the brain as well as diminishing the influx of AAAs across the blood-brain barrier
  • oral BCAA supplementation is more useful in chronic encephalopathic patients than is parenteral BCAA supplementation in patients with acute encephalopathy
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  • malnutrition progressing to cachexia is another common manifestation of cirrhosis
  • Malnutrition can be mitigated with BCAA supplementation
  • Studies show that administration of amino acid formulas enriched with BCAAs can reduce protein loss, support protein synthesis, and improve nutritional status of patients with chronic liver disease
  • Leucine has been shown to be the most effective of the BCAAs because it acts via multiple pathways to stimulate protein synthesis
  • BCAAs metabolites inhibit proteolysis
  • Patients with cirrhosis have both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
  • BCAAs (particularly leucine) help to reverse the catabolic, hyperglucagonemic state of cirrhosis both by stimulating insulin release from the pancreatic β cells and by decreasing insulin resistance allowing for better glucose utilization
  • Coadministration of BCAAs and glucose has been found to be particularly useful
  • BCAA supplementation improves protein-energy malnutrition by improving utilization of glucose, thereby diminishing the drive for proteolysis, inhibiting protein breakdown, and stimulating protein synthesis
  • Cirrhotic patients have impaired immune defense, characterized by defective phagocytic activity and impaired intracellular killing activity
  • another effect of BCAA supplementation is improvement of phagocytic function of neutrophils and possibly improvement in natural killer T (NKT) cell lymphocyte activity
  • BCAA supplementation may reduce the risk of infection in patients with advanced cirrhosis not only through improvement in protein-energy malnutrition but also by directly improving the function of the immune cells themselves
  • BCAA administration has also been shown to have a positive effect on liver regeneration
  • A proposed mechanism for improved liver regeneration is the stimulatory effect of BCAAs (particularly leucine) on the secretion of hepatocyte growth factor by hepatic stellate cells
  • BCAAs activate rapamycin signaling pathways which promotes albumin synthesis in the liver as well as protein and glycogen synthesis in muscle tissue
  • Chemical improvement with BCAA treatment is demonstrated by recovery of serum albumin and lowering of serum bilirubin levels
  • long-term oral BCAA supplementation was useful in staving off malnutrition and improving survival by preventing end-stage fatal complications of cirrhosis such as hepatic failure and gastrointestinal bleeding
  • The incidence of death by any cause, development of liver cancer, rupture of esophageal varices, or progression to hepatic failure was decreased in the group that received BCAA supplementation
  • Patients receiving BCAA supplementation also have a lower average hospital admission rate, better nutritional status, and better liver function tests
  • patients taking BCAA supplementation report improved quality of life
  • BCAAs have been shown to mitigate hepatic encephalopathy, cachexia, and infection rates, complications associated with the progression of hepatic cirrhosis
  • BCAAs make up 20-25% of the protein content of most foods
  • Highest levels are found in casein whey protein of dairy products and vegetables, such as corn and mushrooms. Other sources include egg albumin, beans, peanuts and brown rice bran
  • In addition to BCAAs from diet, oral supplements of BCAAs can be used
  • Oral supplementation tends to provide a better hepatic supply of BCAAs for patients able to tolerate PO nutrition as compared with IV supplementation, especially when treating symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy
  • Coadministration of BCAAs with carnitine and zinc has also been shown to increase ammonia metabolism further reducing the encephalopathic symptoms
  • Cirrhotic patients benefit from eating frequent, small meals that prevent long fasts which place the patient in a catabolic state
  • the best time for BCAA supplementation is at bedtime to improve the catabolic state during starvation in early morning fasting
  • A late night nutritional snack reduces symptoms of weakness and fatigability, lowers postprandial hyperglycemia, increases skeletal muscle mass,[25] improves nitrogen balance, and increases serum albumin levels.[26] Nocturnal BCAAs even improve serum albumin in cirrhotic patients who show no improvement with daytime BCAAs
  • Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), with low serum albumin and low muscle mass, occurs in 65-90% of cases of advanced cirrhosis
  • hyperglucagonemia results in a catabolic state eventually producing anorexia and cachexia
  • BCAAs are further depleted from the circulation due to increased uptake by skeletal muscles that use the BCAAs in the synthesis of glutamine, which is produced in order to clear the ammonia that is not cleared by the failing liver
  • patients with chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, routinely have decreased BCAAs and increased aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in their circulation
  • Maintaining a higher serum albumin in patients with cirrhosis is associated with decreased mortality and improved quality of life
  • the serum BCAA concentration is strongly correlated with the serum albumin level
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    great review of cirrhosis and BCCA supplementation.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases - 0 views

  • Serum concentrations of BCAAs are decreased, while the concentrations of the aromatic amino acids (AAAs) phenylalanine and tyrosine are increased, in patients with advanced liver diseases, resulting in a low ratio of BCAAs to AAAs, a ratio called the Fischer ratio
  • BCAAs were reported to stimulate the production of hepatocyte growth factor
  • a simplified Fischer ratio, the BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR), has been reported useful for predicting serum albumin concentration one year later
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  • BCAA supplementation was shown to delay the progression of CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in a rat model by reducing hepatic apoptosis
  • BCAAs promoted hepatocyte regeneration in a rat model of hepatectomy
  • BCAA supplementation for advanced cirrhotic patients improves nutritional status and quality of life
  • BCAAs activate mTOR and subsequently increase the production of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, which upregulate the synthesis of albumin
  • BCAAs were shown to improve homeostasis model assessment scores for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA-%B) in patients with chronic liver disease, indicating that BCAAs can ameliorate insulin resistance
  • Several clinical trials have suggested that BCAA supplementation improves the prognosis of cirrhotic patients
  • A low Fischer ratio has been associated with hepatic encephalopathy
  • Treatment with BCAAs may therefore have a beneficial effect on patients with hepatic encephalopathy mainly by compensating decreased ratio of BCAAs to AAAs, but not by reducing serum ammonia levels
  • Two randomized studies also showed that BCAAs did not clearly prevent HE in patients with advanced cirrhosis, although BCAAs prevented the progression of hepatic failure
  • a systematic review with meta-analyses on the effect of oral BCAAs for the treatment of HE was published[66]. The review has revealed that supplementation of oral BCAAs in cirrhotic patients inhibits the manifestation of HE, especially in patients with overt HE rather than those with minimal HE, but showed no effect on the survival of those patients[66]. Thus, oral administration of BCAAs is the treatment of choice in cirrhotic patients with HE
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    good review of BCAA and liver disease: both mechanisms and therapy.
Nathan Goodyear

C-Reactive Protein as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor : More Than an Epiphenomenon? -- Lag... - 0 views

  • CRP constitutes an independent cardiovascular risk factor
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    CRP is an independent marker for future cardiovascular disease
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