Study finds variations in calculated free testosterone. Most of the variability is from the total testosterone, lesser due to the formulas, and third to the SHBG assay. The point here, is there are too many variables to place a lot of weight on calculated free T in serum. Jus test it in the saliva.
Testosterone is great when needed, not doped; but Testosterone is not without risks. Population case-control study finds increased blood clot risk in first 6 months of Testosterone therapy. To many variables left unanswered by this study.
Estradiol found to be associated with Metabolic syndrome in men. This was independent of other confounding variables. Most men, the excess estradiol comes from increased aromatase activity on testosterone.
Study reveals that the more medications a man takes, the more symptoms of ED he has. This was found to be independent from variables such as hypertension, diabetes... ED symptoms started at 1 medication
NORVIT trial showed that vitamin B12, B6, and folic acid reduced homocysteine levels by 27%, however it did not lower MI, stroke,or mortality rate. ONe variable to consider is the polypharmacy of the study group ie. they were taking statins, beta blockers, diuretics, coumadin... so was the lack of change in mortality the result of polypharmacy? And was the polypharmacy blocking the increased CVD risks associated with elevated homocysteine that would have been treatable with vitamin B12, B6, and folic acid.
women using statin therapy to lower cholesterol have increased type II Diabetes. Variables were accounted for and this existed across all classes of statins.
lower Free Testosterone and increased Estradiol through aromatase activity is associated with increased atherosclerosis. This was monitored with Carotid intima-media thickness. This study found an increase associated with low free Testosterone and increased free estradiol levels independent of other CVD variables.
low T is found in 20-70% of men with HIV. What is interesting about this article is that Total Testosterone was found to be a poor assessment of biological active Testosterone. Free Testosterone assessed in the am was shown to be a better functional assessment in these men. Serum is a poor choice though. The process of equilibrium dialysis to calculate free Testosterone is filled with variables that will effect reliability. Increases SHBG was found associated.
The medical field continues to be amazed that people are different. More, that different people groups are different. This study found that black women with PCOS have an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome when compared to white women with PCOS. Body weight was a variable that was controlled for. This was a retrospective study.
Increasing androgens, male hormones, may be associated with the increased risk of CVD found in post menopausal women. Other variables also need to be included ie. fat, insulin resistance...
Meta-analysis finds that for every oral daily intake of 100 mg vitamin C, the risk of total mortality was decreased by 27% and the breast cancer specific mortality was decreased by 22%. A lot of potential variables that can play into this equation. However, oral vitamin C is poorly bioavailable, yet according to this meta-analysis, does provide significant health benefits and even prevention. If health and breast cancer prevention is a goal, then vitamin C needs to play a role in your daily intake.
Breast cancer incidence varies Asian American women living in Asia versus US. The great variable here is the environment. A change in phenotypic expression.
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