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Lead levels lead to increased risk of cardiovascular events at lower than previous thought levels.  Levels as low as 2mcg/dl found to be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality.  This equates to 38% of Americans.  The author concludes with this statement, "Although a 10-fold decline in blood lead levels has occurred in the United States in recent decades, current levels remain orders of magnitude higher than in pre industrialized times".

Leptin appears to be a good marker of low Testosterone.  This study proposes that the mechanism of action is potentially 2 fold: first, a decrease in LH release by leptin (kisspeptin?) and 2nd, a directed decrease in Testosterone production by the leydig cells in the testes.

Testosterone therapy in men with low T to restore physiologic Testosterone levels found to reduce mortality, MI, and stroke risk.

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new study finds that men >65 with low libido and Testosterone levels < 275 increase sexual function with Testosterone therapy.  Only libido was improved; no benefit to erectile function was noted--note that is likely due to depleted NO.  Given time that should improve with he increase in NO synthase and thus NO.  I have a fault with on elf the comments on this study: they point out that increased free Testosterone and estradiol levels were associated with improved sexual activity.  This lacks an understanding of the physiology.  In men with low T > 65, the majority are dealing with inflammation and excess weight; all of which increase aromatase activity and thus estradiol activity.  This does not indicate that an increase in estradiol activity is associated with improved libido in men.  How can elevated estrogen levels lead to low T and then increase levels are associated with improved libido?  This is merely a reflection of the body's dysfunctional physiology.  This observation of increased estradiol by no means shows cause and effect.  Scientists need to due a better job in vetting what they write!

Low Testosterone is a very significant problem in men with type II Diabetes.  Estimated to reach 40%, likely much higher.  They based these estimates only on T levels and sexual symptoms. Testosterone improves glycemic control primarily through Increased transcription and transloction of GLUT4 insulin receptors to the cell surface.  Inflammation reduction is also a mechanism.  Testosteorne lowers Triglycerides in the traditional lipid profile.  Studies are mixed on the other aspects of  lipids.  

This article discusses the failure of androgen deprivation therapy and prostate cancer.  This failure is quite common.  The authors point to alpha-DHT as the primary mechanism through AR stimulation.  However, we know that DHT metabolites also stimulate estrogen receptors.

Startling study on the knowledge of Testosterone and cardiovascular disease in general practitioners and cardiologists in Canada.  Eight-eight percent did not screen patients with cardiovascular disease for low Testosterone.  A whopping 67% of physicians did not know that low T was a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet 62% believed Testosterone would increase exercise tolerance. The lack of knowledge displayed by physicians today is staggering and is an indictment of the governing bodies.  This was a survey conducted in Canada so there are obvious limitations to the strength/conclusion of this study.

Leptin and Testosterone.  Interesting relationship that differs between the sexes.

To be read article on Testosterone and Metabolic Syndrome.

Older study, 1995, but shows the long-standing evidence that IVC preferentially is cytotoxic to cancer cells.`

This is just an abstract due to the publication date.  However, this study, though small, found that elevated estradiol and estrone levels preceded myocardial infarctions in small study group (15).  The surprise was that physical symptoms of slow beard growth, loss of libido, and gynecomastia preceded the events.  Also, the testosterone levels were normal.  Got that: elevated estrogen levels with normal testosterone levels result in significant symptoms.

Great review of the Hypogonadal-obesity-adipocytokine hypothesis.

this study looked at salivary testosterone to serum testosterone and found poor correlation.  One major problem with this study is the significantly smaller amount (10 fold) of testosterone in women than men in healthy individuals.  This study took place in postmenopausal women, which would have significantly lower levels than healthy women.  They also don't discuss the pitfalls of equilibrium dialysis of serum free testosterone.  Another major flaw is the mere logic of looking at serum for tissue activity.   What is the correlation between serum levels and tissue activity.  There is tremendous assumptions being undertaken that serum levels of testosterone whether total or free translate to genomic or non-genomic signaling.  I also wonder if newer techniques using Mass Spec can better detect the typically pico levels of testosterone in women's saliva?  This study does nothing to dissuade the use of salivary testing.

Nice review of all the sex hormones and their relationship to CVD in men.  

Study finds that higher BMI and insulin levels associated with decline Testosterone levels.  But, so were risperidone and olanzapine in schizophrenic patients.  The association between the medications and the BMI and insulin was less in the meds, but still present.  The risperidone had a greater association with a lower Testosterone.  Increasing estradiol levels correlated with the low Testosterone levels.

small study, but males with pancreatic cancer were found to have higher levels of FSH (p < 0.01), LH and oestradiol (p < 0.001) and lower levels of progesterone (p < 0.01) and testosterone (p < 0.05) than the controls. Female patients with pancreatic cancer were found to have higher levels of oestradiol (p < 0.001) and lower levels of LH, FSH and progesterone.  Though cause and effect is not known, the expression of ER alpha in pancreatic cancer is known and the inflammatory and pro-growth signal of ER alpha is known, thus heavy stimulation would be unwise.

No amount of Pb level exposure is considered safe as levels as low as 3 mcg/dl has been shown to be associated with increased cardiac mortality.  This study found higher Pb levels in men versus women in Pakistan. This correlated with elevated homocysteine levels.  

Since when did one medium of evaluation become the only standard.  Since serum T has been the historical standard, that is the only window of evaluation??  This study points to higher free Testosterone levels in saliva versus serum. Has anyone ever thought that we are merely looking through different windows of the same process.  Each window here, serum and saliva, are merely giving us different information on hormones.  That doesn't make one right or wrong, it just requires interpretation.  Science is about being objective! Saliva is the best means to evaluate intracellular hormone levels.  These levels should be different than serum.  Why should anyone think that the total levels would correlate with that delivered to a cell.  Think.