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24 week study of 71 women post-hysterectomy finds no increase in cardiovascular biomarkers.  Several problems with this study.  First, there was a large drop out--24%.  Second and most important, the women were pretreated with estrogen prior to Testosterone therapies were initiated.  Other studies have proposed that this protects cardiovascular risk in women on Testosterone.  Previous studies show increasing endogenous Testosterone is associated with increasing cardiovascular disease in women.   This study would be much better if no estradiol was prescribed.  That would give an unbiased view of Testosterone in post-hysterectomy women.  Not much can be taken from this study. If you doctor doesn't know this, find another doctor.  Inherent bias in this study as ties to the manufacturer of the Testosterone was disclosed. This study point to the inherent flaws in so much of the medical literature today.  Most would read the headlines and read no further, but the "further" dispels the headline as flawed.

No surprise, testosterone in men and women have different effects.  I just wrote a post on this.  Testosterone is positively associated with increased risk of diabetes in women, but inversely with men.  That is increased T in women equals increased Diabetes in women; contrast with increased T associated with decreased Diabetes in men.   But the interesting point is SHBG.  This study found a strong inverse association between SHBG with diabetes in women when compared to men.  Meaning: low SHBG is associated with an increased risk of type II Diabetes.  This is at the same time that testosterone is associated with an increased risk.

Study finds heavy presence of xenoestrogens in obese Portuguese women, both pre menopause and post menopause.  This study only looked at obese women; it would be nice to have a control of thin women to contrast the plasma and adipose xenoestrogen levels.  The authors found the presence of xenoestrogens in plasma in pre menopause women to be a 10 year predictor of cardiovascular disease risk in these women.  The authors also found increased Xenoestrogen levels to be associated with metabolic dysfunction and inflammation.

Again, what is the evidence on androgens in women.  The majority of data is points to negative metabolic effects.  This study looked at men and women and found inverse relationships between Testosterone and DHEA in the sexes.  In women, higher bioavailable Testosterone and DHEA was associated with visceral and subcutaneous fat in women, where as the opposite is true in men.  In both men and women, higher SHBG was associated with lower fat.

Study finds no worsening in cardiovascular biomarkers in women on Testosterone.  The women in this study were chose due to low Testosterone.  Testosterone was given IM at 4 different doses.  This is in contrast to other studies that have looked at endogenous Testosterone level.  Studies have shown increasing endogenous T levels in women is associated with increased CVD.  Studies on exogenous are lacking.  This points to limited risk associated with CVD and T therapy in women.   One caveat.  Two of the authors of this study have ties to the maker of the Testosterone enanthate used in this study.  Why is this important?  Prior studies have shown significant decrease in adverse event reporting in those funded by pharma--bias.

The government has launched a new campaign over social media and radio today (January 10) to encourage pregnant women to take their first, second and third dose of Covid-19 vaccine. Joined by experts at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) and the Royal College of Midwives (RCM), the campaign highlights the risks of the infection and benefits of vaccination. According to the latest data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Covid-19 vaccinations are safe for pregnant women. Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) chief scientific adviser professor Lucy Chappell, said: "We have extensive evidence now to show that the vaccines are safe and that the risks posed by Covid-19 are far greater," calling upon pregnant women who have yet to have their jabs. The campaign will also run testimonies of pregnant women who have had their jabs.

Study finds decreased ovarian reserve in women 20-29 with metabolic syndrome compared to controls.  They determined this via ovarian volume measurements as FSH, LH, Estradiol, and Progesterone did not differ.   One item of interest was that women with MetS, had significantly higher Testosterone levels compared to controls.  This association of MetS and elevated Testosterone in women has been shown consistently in the literature.  This should bring great questions to the doping of Testosterone in women today.

Study looked at hormone levels via serum analysis at the time of sudden cardiac arrest in both men and women.  Low Testosterone and elevated Estrogen levels in  men were associated with increased odds (OR) versus women only had increased odds with elevated Estrogen.   ManBoob nation, my first book, discusses the mechanism behind this for men.  The finding in women really calls into question the Estrogen only model currently employed by physicians for post menopausal women.

Very insightful study.  Study looked at hyperadrogenism and inflammation in women on the orders of PCOS.  The study subjects did not have PCOS, but hyperandrogenism via 130 mg DHEA was associated with an increase in TNF-alpha in these lean o/w healthy women.  We know this is due to hyperandrogenism as elevated Testosterone, DHEA, and androstenedione were documented with treatment. Take home:  androgens promote inflammation in women.  I believe this has serious negative implications about the massive Testosterone doping that is occurring in women today.

The risks of estrogen metabolism are not clear cut.  Likely never will be due to the complexity of individual metabolism.  This study found no correlation between 2OH-Estrone and 2OH:16alpha-Estrone and breast cancer risk in ER+/PR+ breast cancer.  Translated: no benefit in breast cancer risk in 2OH-Estrone metabolism or increased 2OH:16alpha estrone metabolism.  There was a positive association between 2OH-Estrone and 2:16alpha-Estrone in women with ER-/PR- tumors and low BMI.

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The literature on Testosterone and breast cancer is confusing at best, but just like therapy in men, it needs to be individualized.  This prospective case study found a significant increased odds of breast cancer in women with higher levels of free Testosterone.  Statistical significance was not found with Total Testosterone.  These were endogenous hormones.  The women in this study had "regular menstrual cycles" suggesting these women lacked PCOS.

Weak connection, but this study finds that Testosterone in post-menopausal women will reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women.  Their conclusion is based on the rise in CVD in post-menopausal women and the decline in Testosterone levels post-hysterectomy. That is the one instant where Testosterone levels do precipitously decline.  Contrast this with natural menopause where Testosterone does not appear to decline as precipitously.

This was the WHI review of data as it pertains to dementia and cognitive decline in women.  The take home here is that the data provides little evidence for premarin with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate in > 65 for prevention of dementia.  However, this is in women > 65 and studies show that younger women do indeed receive benefit, especially in those with early ovary removal.  Another point here, MPA (medroxyprogesterone acetate) increases cognitive decline.  Just don't take MPA, it is a bad drug all the way around!

Estrogen with progestin worsens cognitive decline in women >65.  Little can be taken from this study other than, medroxyprogesterone acetate is a bad drug and should not be given to women for any purpose, especially in those >65.  One wonders if bioidentical, physiologic hormone replacement would have the same effect?  I doubt it.  The likely negative impact of hormones on the brain in women >65 is due to the negative effects of MPA, the change in inflammatory cytokines, and the change in receptors.

Study finds that increasing body fat and associated insulin resistance in women with PCOS is associated with an increase in CRP. These women with PCOS are hyperandrogenic. It makes absolutely no sense to give these women more Testosterone.

Study finds that Testosterone provided a small anti-inflammatory effect in post-menopausal women and men, whereas Estrogen increased macrophage cytokine production in post-menopausal women with elevated LDL.  Now, this study did not differentiate PCOS versus non-PCOS, nor did it look at the effects of adiposity in these hormonal effects in women.  Both of which, will effect the outcome.

Statin therapy worsens insulin sensitivity and thus glucose regulation in women with PCOS.  Women with PCOS are at increased risk for type II Diabetes.  Statins interfere with glucose metabolism and thus will increase the effective risk for these women.  This study was a randomized, prospective study.

Women with low progesterone have 5.4 x elevated risk of premenopausal breast cancer.  This was a study done on women seeking fertility.  This study followed women for 33 years.

Why has this study not received major press?  Study finds that 10+ year users of statin therapies have an 83% increased risk of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, a 97% increase in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.  In women with elevated cholesterol, the data gets worse.  There is a 204% increased risk of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and a 243% increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast in women with elevated lipids and on statins 10+ years.  No matter how  you try to slice this data, this is not good news for a large sub set of women.

Only abstract available.  Meta-analysis of Testosterone therapy in post-menopausal women finds significant bias, some improvement in sexual function and cholesterol levels, yet safety and long-term data is significantly lacking.  Take this with studies on endogenous Testosterone in women, significant caution needs to be followed with Testosterone in women. Only abstract available here.