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Nathan Goodyear

PosterSessionOnline - 0 views

www.postersessiononline.eu/aula_poster.asp

ALCAT food sensitivity allergies skin acne

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Poster number: 552 No. visits: 16 Title: ALCAT test results in the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms Authors : Mara De Amici , Centre: Foundation IRCCS Hospital San Matteo
  • Poster number: 553 No. visits: 12 Title: Evaluation of ALCAT test results in the non IgE-mediated pathology of the skin Authors : Mara De Amici , Centre: Foundation IRCCS Hospital San Matteo
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Jul 11
     
    Recent Poster presentation at European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology reveals 66 % improvement in skin conditions with ALCAT diet.  Read poster #552
Nathan Goodyear

Expression and significance of androgen receptor coactivators in urothelial carcinoma o... - 0 views

erc.endocrinology-journals.org/...123.full

bladder cancer bladder cancer AR androgen receptor androgen receptor receptors hormones hormone androgen receptors

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jan 15
     
    This study focused on coactivators in bladder cancer.  Although, the study found that AR expression was inversely associated with advancing bladder cancer stage--This is opposite from the positive correlation with Prostate Cancer.  
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3435915

IV intravenous fluid nutrition athletes athlete sports medicine sports exercise

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia with hypertonic IV infusion to correct plasma sodium levels is also a standard and accepted use of IV fluid infusions
  • athletes who present for medical care with hypernatremia who cannot tolerate oral fluids can benefit from IV fluids
  • Vaporization of sweat accounts for 80% of heat loss in hot, dry atmospheric conditions. This mechanism of water loss is the major contributor for exercise-associated dehydration
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • The rate of water loss can be quantified through measurement of sweat rate
  • Pre- and postexercise body weight measurements are the most common means to estimate overall water loss but are condition specific
  • It appears that 1% to 2% body weight loss is well tolerated by the exercising athlete
  • Dehydration, defined as greater than 2% loss of body weight, can negatively affect performance
  • In highly trained endurance athletes, plasma volume and sodium serum concentration were preserved despite a 5% body weight loss
  • In Ironman triathletes, dehydration to 5% body weight loss did not correlate with occurrence of medical complications
  • hydration should begin hours prior to exercise, especially if known deficits are present, and fluids should be consumed at a slow, steady rate, with 5 to 7 mL/kg taken 4 hours prior to exercise
  • Sodium concentration did not produce significant changes in the rate of absorption but was primarily dependent on carbohydrate concentration
  • Replacing 150% of body weight loss over 60 minutes has been tolerated without complications
  • IV treatment of severe dehydration (>7% body weight loss), exertional heat illness, nausea, emesis, or diarrhea, and in those who cannot ingest oral fluids for other reasons, is clinically indicated
  • A recent survey of the National Football League teams revealed that 75% (24 of 32) of the teams utilized IV infusion of fluids for prehydration in at least some otherwise healthy individuals
  • In the National Football League, an average of 1.5 L of normal saline was administered approximately 2.5 hours prior to competition
  • after 2 hours of exercise, the rectal temperature was 0.6° higher in the group not receiving IV infusion. Also, stroke volume and cardiac output were 11% to 16% lower in the control group versus the IV infusion group.
  • Recent evidence suggests the etiology of EAMC is related to muscle fatigue and neuronal excitability
  • no correlation between hydration status or electrolyte concentrations with EAMC
  • there may be a subset of muscle cramping that is associated with a loss of both body fluid and sodium
  • Glycerol is the primary agent for oral hyperhydration
  • elevation of plasma volume by 200 to 300 mL via dextran infusion resulted in 15% increase in stroke volume, 4% increase in VO2 max, and an increase in the exercise time to fatigue
  • Neither the tonicity nor mode of hydration resulted in improved speed of rehydration, greater fluid retention, or improved performance
  • There are beneficial anecdotal reports of EAMC treatment in elite and professional-level athletes with IV hydration during the course of an event
  • Plasma volume was better restored during rehydration with IV fluids at preexercise and 5 minutes of exercise. At 15 minutes, there was no difference between IV and oral rehydration
  • More rapid restoration of plasma volume was accomplished in the IV treatment group with no advantages over oral rehydration in physiological strain, heat tolerance, ratings of perceived effort, or thermal sensations
  • No difference was found in exercise time to exhaustion. IV and oral rehydration methods were equally effective. Heart rates were statistically higher in the oral rehydration group through 75 minutes of exercise, and there were higher increases in norepinephrine plasma concentrations
  • No significant differences between the groups were found for time to recovery, number of days with pain, number of days with stiffness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, rectal temperature, and loss of appetite
  • The current data suggest that IV rehydration is faster than oral
  • There may be physiological benefits of decreased heart rate and norepinephrine in athletes rehydrated via IV route
  • Postexercise blood 1 hour and 24 hours showed no differences in circulating myoglobin or creatine kinase
  • The use of IV fluid may be beneficial for a subset of fluid sensitive athletes
  • this should be reserved for high-level athletes with strong histories of symptoms in well-monitored settings.
  • Volume expanders may also be beneficial for some athletes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15
     
    to be read
Nathan Goodyear

Relationship between Low Free Testosterone Levels and Loss of Muscle Mass : Scientific ... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...srep01818.html

muscle men male hormone Testosterone free Testosterone low T low Testosterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Our data confirm that a low FT level is a significant predictor of a risk for loss of appendicular muscle
  • Total lean mass is associated with bioavailable T in postmenopausal women
  • Further studies are needed to determine the role of androgens in preserving muscle mass in women
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • Approximately 1% to 2% of T in the blood exists as FT
  • appendicular muscle loss was significantly associated with low levels of FT
  • These results suggest that a threshold level of FT exists for muscle loss, rather than a dose-response relationship
  • In the previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of French and American men, no dose-response relationships were reported between T and muscle mass
  • A minimal serum level of FT may be needed to preserve muscle mass in men, regardless of race/ethnicity.
  • Our result is in line with previous studies that reported a relationship between low FT and low muscle mass in men
  • T stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation in muscle cells
  • T also increases satellite cell replication and activation in older men
  • In this study, no significant association between TT levels and muscle loss were observed
  • Although a progressive decrease in TT levels with ageing is observed in middle-aged and elderly American men16, 17, the TT levels do not change during ageing in Japanese men
  • FT levels may be a good marker for the loss of muscle mas
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Mar 15
     
    study of Japanese men finds that low free Testosterone was a predictor of decrease in muscle mass.
Nathan Goodyear

Implications of free radicals and antioxidant levels in carcinoma of the breast: A neve... - 0 views

www.indianjcancer.com/article.asp

SOD superoxide disumutase catalase antioxidants antioxidant breast cancer cancer malondialdehyde MDA lipid peroxides oxidative stress inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • Experimental investigations as well as clinical and epidemiological findings have provided evidence supporting the role of reactive oxygen metabolites or free radicals such as singlet oxygen O 2 - , superoxide anions (O 2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H­2 O2 ) and hydroxyl radical in the etiology of cancer.
  • Certain aldehydes such as Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation arising from free radical degeneration of polyunsaturated fatty acids can cause cross linking in lipids, proteins and nucleic acids leading to cellular damage.
  • In this study, patients with cancer exhibited higher levels of MDA, both in tissues and serum (p<0.001) compared to the control group [Table 1]. In tissue, the MDA level in stage IV was significantly higher as compared to stage I indicating increased free radical activity with increasing severity of cancer
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • From these observations, it can be concluded that MDA levels play an important role in assessing the outcome of cancer
  • SOD and CAT are considered primary antioxidant enzymes, since they are involved in direct elimination of reactive oxygen metabolites. [13-16] They also act as anti-carcinogens and inhibitors at initiation and promotion/transformation stage in carcinogenesis
  • In our study, SOD and CAT levels were found to be low in all cancer patients as compared to controls
  • Fridovich and Tayarani have demonstrated in their respective studies that the reduction in SOD activity increases the toxic effects of O2 - and this might lead to severe cellular damage.
  • Mehrotra et al. in their study also observed high levels of MDA and low levels of SOD and CAT in patients of cancer cervix which is in sync with our observations.
  • strong evidence regarding the definitive role of free radicals in breast malignancy.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Nov 14
     
    This study finds a strong correlation between advancing breast cancer, decreased catalase and SOD with increasing MDA.  The authors of this study conclude this is a key factor in carcinogenesis and not a by-product of cancer.  This flies in the face of traditional medicines fear of antioxidant therapy in cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of a ketogenic diet on the quality of life in 16 patients with advanced cancer:... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3157418

ketogenic ketogenic diet diet cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 13
     
    ketogenic diet aids cancer treatment.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone level in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and related metabolic... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4364844

low T low Testosterone Diabetes Testosterone men male hormones metabolic syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • defined by consistent symptoms and signs of androgen deficiency, and an unequivocally low serum testosterone level
  • the threshold serum testosterone level below which adverse clinical outcomes occur in the general population is not known
  • most population-based studies use the serum testosterone level corresponding to the lower limit, quoted from 8.7 to 12.7 nmol/L, of the normal range for young Caucasian men as the threshold
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 15
       
      this equals 251 to 366 in serum Total Testosterone
  • ...57 more annotations...
  • Researchers tried to examine whether serum total or free testosterone would be a better/more reliable choice when studying the effect of testosterone. The results were mixed. Some reported significant associations of both serum total and free testosterone level with clinical parameters25, whereas others reported that only serum free testosterone26 or only serum total testosterone6 showed significant associations.
  • −0.124 nmol/L/year in serum total testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 15
       
      this equates to a 4 ng/dl decline annually in total Testosterone.
  • In experimental studies, androgen receptor knockout mice developed significant insulin resistance rapidly
  • In mouse models, testosterone promoted differentiation of pluripotent stem cells to the myogenic lineage
  • testosterone decreased insulin resistance by enhancing catecholamine induced lipolysis in vitro, and reducing lipoprotein lipase activity and triglyceride uptake in human abdominal tissue in vivo
  • by promoting lipolysis and myogenesis, testosterone might lead to improved insulin resistance
  • testosterone regulated skeletal muscle genes involved in glucose metabolism that led to decreased systemic insulin resistance
  • In the liver, hepatic androgen receptor signaling inhibited development of insulin resistance in mice
  • independent and inverse association of testosterone with hepatic steatosis shown in a cross-sectional study carried out in humans
  • In short, androgen improves insulin resistance by changing body composition and reducing body fat.
  • Although a low serum testosterone level could contribute to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes through changes in body composition, obesity might also alter the metabolism of testosterone
  • In obese men, the peripheral conversion from testosterone to estrogen could attenuate the amplitude of luteinizing hormone pulses and centrally inhibit testosterone production
  • leptin, an adipokine, has been shown to be inversely correlated with serum testosterone level in men
  • Leydig cells expressed leptin receptors and leptin has been shown to inhibit testosterone secretion, suggesting a role of obesity and leptin in the pathogenesis of low testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 15
       
      So what is "unequivocal"?
  • Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) cohort made up of 3,565 middle-class, mostly Caucasian men from the USA, the incidence of low serum total testosterone increased from approximately 20% of men aged over 60 years, 30% over 70 years, to 50% over 80 years-of-age
  • 30–44% sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)-bound testosterone and 54–68% albumin-bound testosterone
  • As the binding of testosterone to albumin is non-specific and therefore not tight, the sum of free and albumin-bound testosterone is named bioavailable testosterone, which reflects the hormone available at the cellular level
  • Serum total testosterone is composed of 0.5–3.0% of free testosterone unbound to plasma proteins
  • alterations in SHBG concentration might affect total serum testosterone level without altering free or bioavailable testosterone
  • listed in Table​T
  • A significant, independent and longitudinal effect of age on testosterone has been observed with an average change of −0.124 nmol/L/year in serum total testosterone28. The same trend has been shown in Europe and Australia
  • Asian men residing in HK and Japan, but not those living in the USA, had 20% higher serum total testosterone than in Caucasians living in the USA, as shown in a large multinational observational prospective cohort of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study
  • subjects with chronic diseases consistently had a 10–15% lower level compared with age-matched healthy subjects
  • In Caucasians, the mean serum total testosterone level for men in large epidemiological studies has been reported to range from 15.1 to 16.6 nmol/L
  • Asians, higher values, ranging from 18.1 to 19.1 nmol/L, were seen in Korea and Japan
  • Chinese middle-aged men reported a similar mean serum testosterone level of 17.1 nmol/L in 179 men who had a family history of type 2 diabetes and 17.8 nmol/L in 128 men who had no family history of type 2 diabetes
  • The reduction of total testosterone was 0.4% per year in both groups
  • HK involving a cohort of 1,489 community-dwelling men with a mean age of 72 years, a mean serum total testosterone of 19.0 nmol/L was reported
  • pro-inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α in the testes, could locally inhibit testosterone biosynthesis in Leydig cells47, and testosterone treatment in men was shown to reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-α
  • In Asians, a genetic deletion polymorphism of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B17 was associated with reduced androgen glucuronidation. This resulted in higher level of active androgen in Asians as compared to Caucasians, as Caucasians' androgen would be glucuronidated into inactive forms faster.
  • Compared with Caucasians, the frequency of this deletion polymorphism of UGT2B17 was 22-fold higher in Asian subjects
  • Other researchers have suggested that environmental, but not genetic, factors influenced serum total testosterone
  • The basal and ligand-induced activity of the AR is inversely associated with the length of the CAG repeat chain
  • In the European Male Aging Study, increased estrogen/androgen ratio in association with longer AR CAG repeat was observed
  • a smaller number of AR CAG repeat had been shown to be associated with benign prostate hypertrophy and faster prostate growth during testosterone treatment
  • In India, men with CAG ≤19 had increased risk of prostate cancer
  • the odds of having a short CAG repeat (≤17) were substantially higher in patients with lymph node-positive prostate cancer than in those with lymph node-negative disease or in the general population
  • assessing the polymorphism at the AR level could be a potential tool towards individualized assessment and treatment of hypogonadism.
  • In elderly men, there was reduced testicular response to gonadotropins with suppressed and altered pulsatility of the hypothalamic pulse generator
  • a significant, independent and longitudinal effect of age on serum total testosterone level had been observed
  • A significant graded inverse association between serum testosterone level and insulin levels independent of age has also been reported in Caucasian men
  • Low testosterone is commonly associated with a high prevalence of MES
  • most studies showed that changes in serum testosterone level led to changes in body composition, insulin resistance and the presence of MES, the reverse might also be possible
  • MES predicted a 2.6-fold increased risk of development of low serum testosterone level independent of age, smoking and other potential confounders
  • Other prospective studies have shown that development of MES accelerated the age-related decline in serum testosterone level
  • In men with type 2 diabetes, changes in serum testosterone level over time correlated inversely with changes in insulin resistance
  • weight loss by either diet control or bariatric surgery led to a substantial increase in total testosterone, especially in morbidly obese men, and the rise in serum testosterone level was proportional to the amount of weight lost
  • To date, published clinical trials are small, of short duration and often used pharmacological, not physiological, doses of testosterone
  • In the population-based Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study cohort from Sweden, men in the highest quartile of serum testosterone level had the lowest risk of cardiovascular events compared with men in the other three quartiles (hazard ratio [HR] 0.70
  • low serum total testosterone was associated with a significant fourfold higher risk of cardiovascular events when comparing men from the lowest testosterone tertile with those in the highest tertile
  • Shores et al. were the first to report that low serum testosterone level, including both serum total and free testosterone, was associated with increased mortality
  • low serum total testosterone predicted increased risk of cardiovascular mortality with a HR of 1.38
  • low serum total testosterone increased all-cause (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13–1.62, P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.25
  • European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2013 suggested there was an inverse relationship between serum testosterone level and acute myocardial infarction
  • Diabetic men in the highest quartile of serum total testosterone had a significantly reduced risk of acute MI when compared with those in the lower quartiles
  • serum total testosterone level in the middle two quartiles at baseline predicted reduced incidence of death compared with having the highest and lowest levels
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 15
     
    Nice review of Testosterone levels and some of the evidence linking Diabetes with low T.  However, the conclusion by the authors regarding what is causing the low T in men with Diabetes is baffling.  The literature does not point to one cause, it is clearly multifactorial--obesity, inflammation, high aromatase activity...I would suggest the authors continue their readings in the manner.
Nathan Goodyear

BMC Neuroscience | Full text | The effect of adolescent testosterone on hippocampal BDN... - 0 views

www.biomedcentral.com/...4

BDNF Testosterone hormone hormones neurogenesis brain schizophrenia

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Mar 15
     
    study finds that BDNF is more associated with cell proliferation and neurogenesis with normal circulating Testosterone levels.  
Nathan Goodyear

Stuck at the bench: Potential natural neuroprotective compounds for concussion - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3205506

concussions concussion natural therapies brain curcumin omega 3 resveratrol green tea EGCG EPA DHA vitamin E vitamin c vitamin D

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are highly enriched in neuronal synaptosomal plasma membranes and vesicles
  • The predominant CNS polyunsaturated fatty acid is DHA
  • effective supplementation and/or increased ingestion of dietary sources rich in EPA and DHA, such as cold-water fish species and fish oil, may help improve a multitude of neuronal functions, including long-term potentiation and cognition.
  • ...45 more annotations...
  • multiple preclinical studies have suggested that DHA and/or EPA supplementation may have potential benefit through a multitude of diverse, but complementary mechanisms
  • pre-injury dietary supplementation with fish oil effectively reduces post-traumatic elevations in protein oxidation
  • The benefits of pre-traumatic DHA supplementation have not only been independently confirmed,[150] but DHA supplementation has been shown to significantly reduce the number of swollen, disconnected and injured axons when administered following traumatic brain injury.
  • DHA has provided neuroprotection in experimental models of both focal and diffuse traumatic brain injury
  • potential mechanisms of neuroprotection, in addition to DHA and EPA's well-established anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
  • Despite abundant laboratory evidence supporting its neuroprotective effects in experimental models, the role of dietary DHA and/or EPA supplementation in human neurological diseases remains uncertain
  • Several population-based, observational studies have suggested that increased dietary fish and/or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption may reduce risk for ischemic stroke in several populations
  • Randomized control trials have also demonstrated significant reductions in ischemic stroke recurrence,[217] relative risk for ischemic stroke,[2] and reduced incidence of both symptomatic vasospasm and mortality following subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease have also been largely ineffective
  • The clinical evidence thus far appears equivocal
  • curcumin has gained much attention from Western researchers for its potential therapeutic benefits in large part due to its potent anti-oxidant[128,194,236] and anti-inflammatory properties
  • Curcumin is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier enabling it to exert a multitude of different established neuroprotective effects
  • in the context of TBI, a series of preclinical studies have suggested that pre-traumatic and post-traumatic curcumin supplementation may bolster the brain's resilience to injury and serve as a valuable therapeutic option
  • Curcumin may confer significant neuroprotection because of its ability to act on multiple deleterious post-traumatic, molecular cascades
  • studies demonstrated that both pre- and post-traumatic curcumin administration resulted in a significant reduction of neuroinflammation via inhibition of the pro-inflammatory molecules interleukin 1β and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB)
  • no human studies have been conducted with respect to the effects of curcumin administration on the treatment of TBI, subarachnoid or intracranial hemorrhage, epilepsy or stroke
  • studies have demonstrated that resveratrol treatment reduces brain edema and lesion volume, as well as improves neurobehavioral functional performance following TBI
  • green tea consumption or supplementation with its derivatives may bolster cognitive function acutely and may slow cognitive decline
  • At least one population based study, though, did demonstrate that increased green tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk for Parkinson's disease independent of total caffeine intake
  • a randomized, placebo-controlled trial demonstrated that administration of green tea extract and L-theanine, over 16 weeks of treatment, improved indices of memory and brain theta wave activity on electroencephalography, suggesting greater cognitive alertness
  • Other animal studies have also demonstrated that theanine, another important component of green tea extract, exerts a multitude of neuroprotective benefits in experimental models of ischemic stroke,[63,97] Alzheimer's disease,[109] and Parkinson's disease
  • Theanine, like EGCG, contains multiple mechanisms of neuroprotective action including protection from excitotoxic injury[97] and inhibition of inflammation
  • potent anti-oxidant EGCG which is capable of crossing the blood-nerve and blood-brain barrier,
  • Epigallocatechin-3-gallate also displays neuroprotective properties
  • More recent research has suggested that vitamin D supplementation and the prevention of vitamin D deficiency may serve valuable roles in the treatment of TBI and may represents an important and necessary neuroprotective adjuvant for post-TBI progesterone therapy
  • Progesterone is one of the few agents to demonstrate significant reductions in mortality following TBI in human patients in preliminary trials
  • in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that vitamin D supplementation with progesterone administration may significantly enhance neuroprotection
  • Vitamin D deficiency may increase inflammatory damage and behavioral impairment following experimental injury and attenuate the protective effects of post-traumatic progesterone treatment.[37]
  • emerging evidence has suggested that daily intravenous administration of vitamin E following TBI significantly decreases mortality and improves patient outcomes
  • high dose vitamin C administration following injury stabilized or reduced peri-lesional edema and infarction in the majority of patients receiving post-injury treatment
  • it has been speculated that combined vitamin C and E therapy may potentiate CNS anti-oxidation and act synergistically with regards to neuroprotection
  • one prospective human study has found that combined intake of vitamin C and E displays significant treatment interaction and reduces the risk of stroke
  • Pycnogenol has demonstrated the ability to slow or reduce the pathological processes associated with Alzheimer's disease
  • Pcynogenol administration, in a clinical study of elderly patients, led to improved cognition and reductions in markers of lipid peroxidase
  • One other point of consideration is that in neurodegenerative disease states like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where there are high levels of reactive oxygen species generation, vitamin E can tend to become oxidized itself. For maximal effectiveness and to maintain its anti-oxidant capacity, vitamin E must be given in conjunction with other anti-oxidants like vitamin C or flavonoids
  • These various factors might account for the null effects of alpha-tocopherol supplementation in patients with MCI and Alzheimer's disease
  • preliminary results obtained in a pediatric population have suggested that post-traumatic oral creatine administration (0.4 g/kg) given within four hours of traumatic brain injury and then daily thereafter, may improve both acute and long-term outcomes
  • Acutely, post-traumatic creatine administration seemed to reduce duration of post-traumatic amnesia, length of time spent in the intensive care unit, and duration of intubation
  • At three and six months post-injury, subjects in the creatine treatment group demonstrated improvement on indices of self care, communication abilities, locomotion, sociability, personality or behavior and cognitive function when compared to untreated controls
  • patients in the creatine-treatment group were less likely to experience headaches, dizziness and fatigue over six months of follow-up
  • CNS creatine is derived from both its local biosynthesis from the essential amino acids methionine, glycine and arginine
  • Studies of patients with CNS creatine deficiency and/or murine models with genetic ablation of creatine kinase have consistently demonstrated significant neurological impairment in the absence of proper creatine, phosphocreatine, or creatine kinase function; thus highlighting its functional importance
  • chronic dosing may partially reverse neurological impairments in human CNS creatine deficiency syndromes
  • Several studies have suggested that creatine supplementation may also reduce oxidative DNA damage and brain glutamate levels in Huntington disease patients
  • Another study highlighted that creatine supplementation marginally improved indices of mood and reduced the need for increased dopaminergic therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 16
     
    great review of natural therapies in the treatment of concussions
Nathan Goodyear

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults - The Cochrane Library - Demicheli ... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...full

flu vaccine influenza vaccine vaccinations cochrane review vaccines

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Nov 15 - No Cached
  • The overall effectiveness of inactivated parenteral vaccine against influenza-like illness (ILI) is 16%
  • all studies failed to report any evidence of an effect on complications
  • The results of this review provide no evidence for the utilisation of vaccination against influenza in healthy adults as a routine public health measure
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Nov 15
     
    Cochrane review on the latest data on the flue vaccine and it is not to impressive.
Nathan Goodyear

Administration of Antibiotics to Children Before Age 2 Years Increases Risk for Childho... - 0 views

www.gastrojournal.org/...abstract

obesity antibiotics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Mar 16
     
    no different than the cattle; early and often antibiotics associated with childhood obesity.
Nathan Goodyear

Voluntary Running Suppresses Tumor Growth through Epinephrine- and IL-6-Dependent NK Ce... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S1550-4131(16)30003-1

exercise cancer NK cells NK IL-6

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Apr 16
     
    Animal study finds that regular exercise reduces cancer cell growth through immune system activation. Also, regular exercise reduced the incidence of cancer in the mouse models.  
Nathan Goodyear

Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer with Gc Protein-Derived Macrophage-Activating Factor,... - 0 views

europepmc.org/...PMC2510818

GC-MAF Nagalase cancer prostate cancer immunotherapy PSA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 18 - No Cached
  • the MAF precursor activity of prostate cancer patient Gc protein is lost or reduced, because their serum Gc protein is deglycosylated by serum α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (Nagalase) secreted from cancerous cells
  • Administration of 100 ng of GcMAF
  • 100 ng of GcMAF was administered intramuscularly once a week
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • As GcMAF therapy progressed the MAF precursor activity of all five patients increased and their serum Nagalase activity decreased inversely
  • As GcMAF therapy progressed, the MAF precursor activity increased with a concomitant decrease in serum Nagalase activity
  • serum Nagalase is proportional to tumor burden
  • as GcMAF therapy progressed, serum Nagalase activity decreased and, concomitantly, tumor burden decreased
  • the serum Nagalase activities of all 16 patients decreased as GcMAF therapy progressed
  • annual computed tomographic scans of these patients confirmed them being tumor recurrence-free for the 7 years
  • undifferentiated cells were killed rapidly during the first few weeks, and the differentiated cells were killed slowly in the remaining GcMAF therapeutic period
  • PSA levels of prostatectomized patients decreased as serum Nagalase decreased during GcMAF therapy
  • In patients without tumor resection, however, although serum Nagalase activity decreased as GcMAF therapy progressed, their PSA values remained unchanged. The result suggests that the PSA derived from tumor-bearing prostate did not change while tumor burden decreased. Because tumor-induced inflammation in the noncancerous prostate tissues causes secretion of PSA [38], the PSA produced from these inflamed noncancerous prostate tissues cannot be changed by the decrease in tumor burden
  • Advanced cancer patients have high serum Nagalase activities, resulting in no macrophage activation and severe immunosuppression that explain why cancer patients die with overwhelming infection
  • Prognostic utility of serum α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase and immunosuppression resulted from deglycosylation of serum Gc protein in oral cancer patients
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 18
     
    GC-MAF levels exist in inverse relationship to nagalase.  In this study of men with prostate cancer, weekly GCMAF injections reduced Nagalase activity to levels found in healthy controls suggesting tumor free. The dose was 100 ng/week. Nagalase is a protein that suppresses GC-MAF production and thus is immunosuppressive.
Nathan Goodyear

Inborn-like errors of metabolism are determinants of breast cancer risk, clinical respo... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6114970

cancer metabolism breast cancer glutamine glutamate aspartate oncogenes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • We now recognize that human cancers evolve in an environment of metabolic stress. Rapidly proliferating tumor cells deprived of adequate oxygen, nutrients, hormones and growth factors up-regulate pathways that address these deficiencies to overcome hypoxia (HIF), vascular insufficiency (VEGF), growth factor deprivation (EGFR, HER2) and the loss of hormonal support (ER, PR, AR) all to enhance survival and proliferation
  • RAS, PI3K, TP53 and MYC
  • The results suggest that breast cancer could be preceded by systemic subclinical disturbances in glucose-insulin homeostasis characterized by mild, likely asymptomatic, IEM-like biochemical changes
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The process would include variable periods of hyperinsulinemia with the consequent systemic MYC activation of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, structural lipidogenesis and further exacerbation of hypoglycemia, the result of MYC's known role as an inhibitor of liver gluconeogenesis
  • The metabolic changes we describe in breast cancer arise in concert with IEM-like changes in oxidative phosphorylation as detected by increased values of the ratio lactate/pyruvate (Supplementary Table 2A, 2B) characteristic of Ox/Phos deficiency [25]. In our study, 76% (70/92) of the European breast cancer patients had lactate/pyruvate ratios values higher than the normal value of 25.8
  • four-fold higher frequency of cancer (including breast) in patients with energy metabolism disorders
  • growing recognition that cancer cells differ from their normal counterparts in their use of nutrients, synthesis of biomolecules and generation of energy
  • glutamine concentrations in the cancer patients were reduced to nearly 1/8 of the levels observed in the normal population
  • blood concentrations of aspartate (p = 1.7e-67, FDR = 8.3e-67) (Figure ​(Figure1E)1E) and glutamate (p = 6.4e-96, FDR = 6.2e-95) (Figure ​(Figure1F)1F) were nearly 10 fold higher than the normal ranges of 0–5 μM/L and 40 μM/L, respectively
  • glutamine consumption associated with parallel increases in glutamate and aspartate (Figure ​(Figure1A1A red arrows) is considered a hallmark of MYC-driven “glutaminolysis”
  • Gln/Glu ratio inversely correlates with i- late stage metabolic syndrome and with ii- increased chance of death
  • changes in glutamine consumption, reflected by the Gln/Glu ratio could provide a metabolic link between breast cancer initiation and diabetes, reflective of a systemic metabolic reprogramming from glucose to glutamine as the preferred source of precursors for biosynthetic reactions and cellular energy
  • lower Gln/Glu ratios inversely correlated with insulin resistance and the risk of diabetes
  • the metabolic dependencies of cancer characterized by excessive glycolysis, glutaminolysis and malignant lipidogenesis, previously considered a consequence of local tumor DNA aberration [23] could, instead, represent a systemic biochemical aberration that predates and very likely promotes tumorigenesis
  • these metabolic disturbances would be expected to remain extant after therapeutic interventions
  • accumulation of very long chain acylcarnitines such as C14:1-OH (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0), C16 (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0), C18 (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0) and C18:1 (p = 1.73e-322, FDR = 1.16-321) and lipids containing VLCFA (lysoPC a C28:0) (p = 1.14-e95, FDR = 1.65e-95) in the blood of breast and colon cancer patients
  • Among the most powerful metabolic equations for MYC-activation is that which links the widely used MYC-driven desaturation marker ratio of SFA/MUFA to the MYC glutaminolysis-associated ratio of (Asp/Gln)
  • liver dysfunction shares many features with both IEM and cancer suggesting a role for hepatic dysfunction in carcinogenesis
  • cancer “conscripts” the human genome to meet its needs under conditions of systemic metabolic stress
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 18
     
    Breast cancer is a metabolic disease.  Now, where have I heard that cancer is a metabolic disease?
Nathan Goodyear

Renal Failure Associated with Cancer and Its Treatment: An Update - 0 views

jasn.asnjournals.org/...151.full

cancer renal failure

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Aug 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Aug 18
     
    great review of renal failure in cancer patients.
Nathan Goodyear

Early-onset pediatric atopic dermatitis is TH2 but also TH17 polarized in skin - Journa... - 0 views

www.jacionline.org/...fulltext

dermatitis atopic dermatitis eczema Th2 Th17 immunology immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 17
     
    atopic dermatitis in children is different than in adults.  In children, Th2 and Th17 are involved in the initiation; in contrast the adults shows Th2, but some Th1 and not Th17.
Nathan Goodyear

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Home Page - 0 views

www.ajog.org/...fulltext

"Vaginal mesh" immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Aug 18 - No Cached
  • M1 macrophages are characterized by the secretion of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and can be identified via the cell surface marker CD86
  • M2 macrophages secrete growth factors and antiinflammatory immune modulators and can be identified by the cell surface marker CD206
  • an overzealous M2 response can also lead to excess tissue deposition and fibrosis
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • Studies of similar meshes that are used in hernia repair have demonstrated that all polypropylene meshes induce a prolonged inflammatory response at the site of implantation
  • the long-term presence of activated inflammatory cells, such as macrophages at the mesh tissue interface, can impact negatively the ability of the mesh to function as intended.
  • All M1 proinflammatory and M2 proremodeling cytokines and chemokines were increased in mesh explants as compared with nonmesh tissue (Table 3Table 3), which indicated a robust, active, and ongoing host response to polypropylene long after implantation
  • Comparison of the ratio of the M2 proremodeling cytokines (IL-10+IL-4) with the M1 proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α+IL-12p70) revealed a decrease in mesh explants as compared with controls (P = .003), which indicated a shift towards a proinflammatory profile.
  • Mesh explants contained a higher number of total cells/×200 field when compared with controls (682.46 ± 142.61 cells vs 441.63 ± 126.13 cells; P < .001) and a lower ratio of M2:M1 macrophages (0.260 ± 0.161 cells vs 1.772 ± 1.919; P = .001), which supported an ongoing proinflammatory response.
  • the host response was proportional to the amount of material in contact with the host
  • A persistent foreign body response was observed in mesh-tissue complexes that were excised from women who required surgical excision of mesh months to years after mesh implantation
  • The host response was characterized by a predominance of macrophages with an increase in both proinflammatory and proremodeling cytokines/chemokines along with increased tissue degradation, as evidenced by increased MMP-2 and -9
  • Mesh-tissue complexes removed for mesh exposure had increased pro–MMP-9 that indicated a proinflammatory and tissue destruction–type response
  • The presence of macrophages, elevated cytokines, chemokines, and MMPs in tissue-mesh complexes that were excised from patients with exposure or pain suggests that polypropylene mesh elicits an ongoing host inflammatory response
  • In the presence of a permanent foreign body, the implant is surrounded with a fibrotic capsule because it cannot be degraded
  • For hernia meshes, if the fibers are too close (<1 mm), the fibrotic response to neighboring fibers overlaps, or “bridges,” and results in “bridging fibrosis” or encapsulation of the mesh
  • Gynemesh PS has a highly unstable geometry when loaded that resulted in pore collapse and increasing stiffness of the product
  • mesh shrinkage (50-70%) has been described to occur after transvaginal insertion of prolapse meshes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Aug 18
     
    Mesh and the abnormal immune response.
Nathan Goodyear

Intraperitoneal Oxidative Stress in Rabbits with Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Nec... - 0 views

clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/...4289.long

Ozone cancer COX-2 immunotherapy NK cells NK

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Nov 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Nov 18
     
    O2-O3 triggers tumoricidal immune response after application of a repetitive highly oxidative stimulus by insufflation of a medical O3/O2 gas mixture into the peritoneal cavity in animal model. O3/O2-PP treatment, indicates an enhanced activation of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, implicating a role of activated TILs In the anti cancer effects of the O3. Interestingly, COX2 expression was decreased.
Nathan Goodyear

Oncotarget | Preclinical evaluation of a nanoformulated antihelminthic, niclosamide, in... - 0 views

www.oncotarget.com/index.php

Niclosamide cancer ovarian cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the world
  • paclitaxel represents a breakthrough in the treatment of ovarian cancer, the overall 5-year survival rate of patients with stage III disease is still approximately 40%
  • Targeting cancer stem cells is an emerging concept in cancer therapy
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Ovarian cancer stem cells play an important role in chemoresistance and cancer recurrence
  • Furthermore, recent studies indicate that niclosamide exhibits anticancer effects against various human cancer cells by acting on multiple cell signaling pathways and inducing mitochondrial uncoupling [16–21]
  • has low systemic bioavailability (~10%) when administered orally, which is beneficial for treating local parasitic infections of the intestines while minimizing systemic exposure
  • The nano-NI demonstrated significantly higher inhibitory effects on sphere formation than the original niclosamide did
  • the nano-NI formulation decreased the metabolic activity of ovarian cancer cells and caused a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis
  • This toxicity evaluation showed that oral nano-NI had no toxic effect on either group of mice in terms of weight, plasma albumin levels, and blood cell counts, and revealed no adverse effects on vital organ function in the rodents, which suggests that nano-NI is safe for animals
  • niclosamide inhibits tumor cell growth by interrupting multiple pathways (Wnt, Notch, STAT3, NF-κB, and mTORc1) and the generation of reactive oxygen species in several cancer cells
  • The current standard therapy for ovarian cancer includes taxanes and platinum-based chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery. Among treated patients, nearly 70 to 80% will experience disease recurrence
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Apr 18
     
    nano-Niclosamide more effective than traditional Niclosamide in in vitro and in vivo ovarian cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Doing something about physician burnout - The Lancet - 0 views

www.thelancet.com/...abstract

physician burnout physician burnout

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 16
     
    burnout.  No solutions based strategy here.
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