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L'entrepreneur et financier Brooke Allen - http://www.brookeallen.com -, qui a lancé le club Q54 - http://www.q54club.org - recommandait récemment dans les pages de Quartz d'écrire son histoire plutôt qu'un simple CV pour décrocher un job : http://qz.com/192347/to-get-a-job-write-your-story-instead-of-a-resume/ Il y évoquait le fait que ce qui a le plus de valeur est de trouver un but à son travail. Evoquant le livre à paraître de Aaron Hurst "L'économie du but", il explique que les gens les plus motivés ne cherchent ni un travail ni une carrière, mais une vocation. Et que les employeurs devraient surtout se soucier de trouver ces employés là ! Les gens qui cherchent un travail ne cherchent qu'à payer leurs factures. Ceux qui cherchent une carrière se moquent de leur travail. Seul ceux qui cherchent une vocation méritent d'être employés et d'être payés au prix fort.

"We'll need strategies to shift jobs into the fields where humans outperform robots, and tax and welfare schemes that take the new economy into account. Ultimately, the impact of the robot revolution won't just be down to the technology itself, but how we use it-or more importantly, whether the people using it is in fact a "we," or a limited, elitist "they.""

Technology is hailed as a powerful engine of job creation, but things may not be as rosy as we like to think. Yes, it creates opportunities for new businesses and new roles across all sectors, but there is also evidence that tech destroys jobs, and is largely behind the sluggish employment growth of the past 10 to 15 years.

David Graeber est professeur d'anthropologie à la London School of Economics. Son dernier livre The Democracy Project : a History, a Crisis, a Movement, est publié par Spiegel & Grau. Ici traduit et résume ici son article paru dans Strike en aout 2013.

Two papers came out last year that examined important issues around jobs and wages. Both are in top journals. Both were written by first-rate researchers, none of whom specialize in studying the impact of technology. And both came to the same conclusion: that digital technologies were largely responsible for the phenomena they examined. Paper 1 Equally admirable are the graphs the authors draw to illustrate their main findings. Here's the one for jobs (the one for wages has a pretty similar shape). It gives the changes in employment share - which you can think of as changes in the the 'market share' of jobs - between 1980 and 2005. And it shows vividly that low-skill and high-skill jobs gained market share over that period, which those in the middle of the skill range lost. Paper 2 We document, however, that the global labor share has significantly declined since the early 1980s, with the decline occurring within the large majority of countries and industries. We show that the decrease in the relative price of investment goods, often attributed to advances in information technology and the computer age, induced firms to shift away from labor and toward capital.

"D'ailleurs, comment une vision aussi radicale peut-elle mettre d'accord des politiques aussi différents qu'Alain Madelin et Bernie Sanders, des intellectuels aussi éloignés l'un de l'autre que Martin Luther King et Milton Friedman, des mouvements aussi divers que l'AIRE (revenu d'existence) et le MFRB (revenu de base) ? A l'origine de ce que la plupart de ses partisans voient comme un avantage certain - celui de rassembler ceux qui ne se ressemblent pas - il y a un impensé, un malentendu. Car il y aura bien un moment où il faudra débattre sur ce qui est si souvent laissé de côté : montant, plan de financement, devenir de l'emploi salarié, distribution du capital, fiscalité."

"A toxic job can make you sick in a multitude of ways."

L'auteur de l'article parle de son expérience du "travail" via l'économie des plateforme.

"These workers travel the country, sightseeing and staying overnight in RV parks while laboring in low-wage temp jobs-and at least some of them love the lifestyle."

En partant des 4 types de travail définis par Lou Adler (Thinker, Builder, Improver, Producer), des compétences définies par Gary Hamel (obedience, diligence, intellect pour l'économie industrielle et de la information; initiative, créativité et passin pour l'économie créative), Harold Jarche essaie de définir le futur du travail 

Et des liens argumentent la controverse : http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/24/technology/economists-see-more-jobs-for-machines-not-people.html

"Most people would find it absurd to hire two people to do the same job. An increasing number of software companies are doing just that and finding that it increases productivity and reduces costs. Here's how to apply the idea to your business."

"The 38-year-old resident of Kingston, Jamaica, recently began performing small tasks assigned to her by an algorithm running on a computer in Berkeley, California. That software, developed by a startup called MobileWorks, represents the latest trend in crowdsourcing: organizing foreign workers on a mass scale to do routine jobs that computers aren't yet good at, like checking spreadsheets or reading receipts."

The jobs won't all necessarily be lost, as technology will also make many workers more productive, but as always there will be losers, according to McKinsey and Company in their report into the most disruptive technologies for the next decade.

Report| McKinsey Global Institute Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/disruptive_technologies

"WHY ARE WE WORKING RIDICULOUSLY LONG WEEKS? BECAUSE OF THE WAY WE MEASURE WORK, OUR CULTURAL HISTORY, AND HOW CONSTANTLY CONNECTED WE ARE. HERE'S HOW WE CAN FINALLY BREAK FREE."

"Social networks disrupt hierarchical structures. Web-based social networks accelerate the spread of new ideas and lay bare organizational flaws. Anyone in a position of power and authority is losing some of that due to the growing power of social networks - doctors, teachers, managers, politicians. Social networks speed access to knowledge and accelerate learning. They allow people to quickly make and change connections. Seb Paquet calls this "ridiculously easy group-forming"."

The study, a collaboration between Dr. Carl Benedikt Frey (Oxford Martin School) and Dr. Michael A. Osborne (Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford), found that jobs in transportation, logistics, and office/administrative support are at "high risk" of automation.

Smart machines are coming to the business world, but don't tell that to the CEOs. Sixty-percent of CEOs surveyed by Gartner Research say the emergence of smart machines capable of absorbing millions of middle-class jobs within 15 years is a "futurist fantasy." The survey results reflect the anxiety about automation of the work world and the advent of smart machines that Gartner says will have a widespread and deep business impact by 2020.

"More people are freelancing than ever before--by some estimates, around 42 million Americans. But entrepreneur Ryan Hooks thinks that eventually almost everyone will be able to leave their office jobs, and he's built a new website called Avbl to help. "Essentially it's kind of like the Airbnb model for skillsearch," Hooks explains. "Whatever city you're in, wherever you are in the world, you can search for a skill--like editor, designer, illustrator, or seamstress--and the results come up based on proximity and date." If someone needs a video editor today, or a web designer next month, they can search and book the right person."

"Ever heard of an "Invisible Executive" or a "Nutrient Banker"? Those are just a few of the positions that are being created in Africa today that will drive economic development in the coming decades."