Oral estrogen antagonizes the metabolic actions of growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient women - 0 views
-
Nathan Goodyear on 19 Feb 13One really wonders if estrogen should ever be given orally at all. Though this study is small, this is consistent with other studies that show that estrogen therapy, particularly oral therapy interferes with growth hormone signaling and thus action. Oral estrogen decreases IGF-1, increases growth hormone binding protein, lowers metabolism and reduces protein metabolism as monitored by leucine turnover.