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Serum ferritin levels correlate with total body iron storage and systemic inflammation
The level of serum ferritin, an acute phase protein, is increased in an inflammatory environment
Previous studies have reported that elevated serum ferritin levels are associated with insulin resistance syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome as risk factors of CKD
elevated serum ferritin levels in hemodialysis patients predict higher mortality
Study of Korean men finds late onset of hypogonadism to be 16.8% in their study of 1,235 men older than 40. This is a higher rate than other studies, but lower than others (38.7% in American men). The test definition of low T was set at 3.2 ng/ml. Abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and increasing age were associated with low T.
Low T is clearly not a problem unique to America. It definitely appears that a decreasing Testosterone level is a marker of poor health in men.
In study of 220 Korean mean, there was only a small decline in total Testosterone in men followed from 2002 to 2011. The change amounted to 0.8% annually. The level was 18.1 nmol to 17.8 nmol. TT was inversely associated with BMI, waist and glucose.
North Korea tested a Musudan missile, which is capable of hitting US bases as far away as Guam. Seoul: An outburst almost immediately after takeoff was behind the failure of North Korea’s latest test-firing of a powerful medium-range missile, the South Korean military established on Monday. North Korea tested a Musudan missile - which ...
men with UGT2B17 found to be poor metabolizers of endogenous Testosterone. Normally, epi-Testosterone and Testosterone exist in a relative 1:1 ratio, However, in these individuals with this SNP, they will have slightly elevated Testosterone levels due to disrupted phase II testosterone metabolism (glucuronidation). This is found in 60% of Asian men, 50% of black men, and 1% in white men.
Total Testosterone and SHBG inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in wide age group of Korean men. This was found to be independent of age and BMI.
study of adjuvant chemotherapy in Asian women found no weight gain post treatment; this is in contrast to American and European women in other studies.
This study points to an association between a low-normal TSH and cognitive decline in the elderly. An association is not causative, but functional hypothyroidism does result in cognitive impairment, so the association would logically fit. The results of this study do as well.
As the cortisol and DHEA levels in saliva reflected those in serum, the measurement of steroid levels in saliva provide a useful and practical tool to evaluate adrenal functions, which are essential for clinical diagnosis.
As the cortisol and DHEA levels in saliva reflected those in serum, the measurement of steroid levels in saliva provide a useful and practical tool to evaluate adrenal functions, which are essential for clinical diagnosis.
The relationship of low testosterone to MetS often is considered to be bidirectional; however, the relationships probably are not direct
Many of the components of the MetS are recognized risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Multiple cross-sectional studies have found low TT and low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels in Caucasian and African-American men with the MetS, irrespective of age
Low TT and SHBG levels also are prevalent in Chinese [7],[8] and Korean [9] men with the MetS
Normally 40%-50% of TT is bound to SHBG, so reducing SHBG levels will decrease TT.
Hyperinsulinism suppresses SHBG synthesis and secretion by the liver
significant increase in SHBG levels occurred after acutely lowering insulin levels in obese men
Estradiol levels are increased in men with the MetS, and they are positively correlated with the number of abnormal components of the MetS.
Although it is known that estrogen will increase SHBG levels, apparently the hyperinsulinism associated with obesity has a greater effect on SHBG levels
Estradiol also can inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion
Inflammatory cytokines are thought to have a direct effect on the pituitary to reduce LH secretion [15] and also a direct effect on Leydig cell secretion of testosterone
Low TT Levels have been shown to predict development of the MetS in men with normal BMI
Men in the lowest quartiles of serum TT, calculated free testosterone (cFT) and SHBG at baseline had the highest odds ratios for developing the MetS or DM during the 11 years follow-up
More recently, investigators conducting population-based studies have reported that only SHBG is associated with future development of the MetS
Additional evidence that low TT increases the risk of MetS comes from androgen deprivation treatment of prostate cancer
Low TT and low bioavailable testosterone (bT) were each significantly associated with elevated 20 years risk of CVD mortality in an older population in which cause-specific mortality was age, adiposity, and lifestyle-adjusted.
combination of low bT and ATP III-defined MetS is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in men aged 40 years and above
in elderly men, testosterone may weakly protect against CVD. Alternatively, low TT may indicate poor general health
Muraleedharan and Jones [27] concluded that there is convincing evidence that low T is a biomarker for disease severity and mortality.
The evidence that TRT improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control is conflicted
It is widely recognized that testosterone treatment can reduce fat mass and increase lean body mass; however, until recently most reports have not been associated with much weight loss
Changes in body composition and weight loss are considered potential mechanisms by which testosterone treatment improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control in patients with diabetes. Effects on inflammatory cytokines [38] and changes in oxidative metabolism [39] also have been reported to improve glucose metabolism.
Testosterone replacement therapy has been reported to improve some or all of the components of the MetS.