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Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone, thrombophilia, throm... [Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24732175

Testosterone therapy men male hormones hormone thrombophilia thrombosis clotting

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Apr 14
     
    This study's conclusion is to evaluate clotting factor i.e. factor V leiden, Factor VIII, and prothrombin prior to giving Testosterone.  This small study found increased clotting in some men on Testosterone. The problem here is the dosing of Testosterone in these men was 50-160 mg.  Physiologic dosing is 5-10 mg.  The problem is doping.  One wonders if physiologic dosing was undertaken if any of the men in this study would develop clotting problems, even though they had undiagnosed hypercoagulabitliy.
Nathan Goodyear

Association Between Testosterone Replacement Therapy and the Incidence of DVT... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...27179907

low Testosterone Testosterone testosterone replacement therapy TRT DVT PE

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 17
     
    Testosterone therapy in men with low Testosterone and mild/moderate clot risk found to not increase risk of clots
spineneuro

Dr. Vipul Gupta -apoplexy Infrastructure to Improve Clot Retrieval Therapies - 0 views

www.briefingwire.com/...prove-clot-retrieval-therapies

Dr. Vipul Gupta neuro-interventionist in Artemis Dr. Vipul Gupta best interventional neurologists in Artemis

shared by spineneuro on 07 Feb 22 - No Cached
  • spineneuro on 07 Feb 22
     
    "Standardizing apoplexy interventional labs will increase treatment rates and help reap SVIN's mission 2020 purpose of 200,000 clot retrieval processes worldwide by the year 2020," stated Dr. Vipul Gupta neuro-interventionist in Artemis. Email: dr.vipulgupta@neurospinehospital.com Phone No.: +91-9325887033
Nathan Goodyear

Hyperhomocysteinemia, deep vein thrombosi... [J Formos Med Assoc. 2007] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...17908667

vitamin B12 homocysteine DVT blood clots MS methionine synthase metformin DM diabetes insulin resistance IR

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jan 12
     
    Vitamin B12 deficiency will decrease methionine synthase activity, which will result in elevated homocysteine and the risk of DVT increases as a result.  In this article, the cause of the vitamin B12 depletion was metformin.  Diabetics and those with insulin resistance are already at an increased risk of blood clots.
Nathan Goodyear

http://www.jpagonline.org/article/S1083-3188(15)00211-9/pdf - 0 views

www.jpagonline.org/...pdf

VTE contraception venous thromboembolism clotting

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 17
     
    review of VTE risk in adolescent women on hormonal contraception.  Good review of the clotting cascade as well.  
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone treatment and risk of venous thromboembolism: population based case-contro... - 0 views

www.bmj.com/bmj.i5968

low T low Testosterone Testosterone Testosterone therapy VTE venous thromboembolism thromboembolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Dec 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Dec 16
     
    Testosterone is great when needed, not doped; but Testosterone is not without risks.  Population case-control study finds increased blood clot risk in first 6 months of Testosterone therapy.  To many variables left unanswered by this study.  
Nathan Goodyear

The effects of compounded bioident... [Int J Pharm Compd. 2013 Jan-Feb] - PubMed - NCBI - 1 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23627249

bioidentical hormone hormones menopause peri-menopause progesterone Bi-est DHEA Testosterone women

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Feb 14 - No Cached
Nan Sprouse liked it
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Feb 14
     
    3 year study finds improvement in classic menopausal symptoms for women in perimenopause and menopause with improvement in other parameters: fasting glucose, cholesterol, MMP-9, CRP, fibrinogen and other clotting factors.  This study used bioidentical Bi-est, progesterone, and in some DHEA and Testosterone.
Nathan Goodyear

Differential Effects of Oral and Transdermal Estrogen/Progesterone Regimens on Sensitiv... - 0 views

atvb.ahajournals.org/...1671.short

oral estradiol estrogen transdermal bioidentical DVT thromboembolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Aug 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Aug 11
     
    transdermal estradiol does not increase blood clot risk, when compared with oral estradiol
wheelchairindia9

Tynor Compression Stocking Below Knee - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...ompression-Stocking-Below-Knee

Tynor Compression Stocking Below Knee Compression Stocking Below Knee Compression Stocking knee compression stockings price compression stockings india compression stockings buy

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 04 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 04 Apr 16
     
    Tynor Compression Stocking Below Knee Compression Stockings provide controlled compression to the legs to squeeze away abnormal back flow of blood into the superficial veins that lie just beneath the surface of the skin from the perforating veins. It is used in all forms of venous disease including blood pools or congests in legs. Severe varicose veins and discoloration to sores, ulcers and potentially life-threatening blood clots. Light weight. Four way stretch. Freely breathable. Soft and comfortable. Tynor Compression Stocking Below Knee Features Made from soft nylon yarn and spandex Strong and durable. Dermophillic. Optimal compression. Excellent aesthetics. Excellent Color fastness. Four-way stretchability Offers optimal compression. Snug fitting. Double layered Retains body heat effectively. Provides therapeutic warmth. Quicker healing. Strong and durable. Tapered shape and Controlled compression Uniform compression even on uneven limb surface. Offers graded compression high to low from toe upwards. Effective blood evacuation. Open toe design Reduces wear and tear. Easy to wear. Compatible to toe rings or other jewelry items. Tynor Compression Stocking Below Knee Measurements
Nathan Goodyear

Chronic stress impacts the cardiovascular system: animal models and clinical outcomes |... - 0 views

ajpheart.physiology.org/...H1476

chronic stress stress inflammation cardiovascular disease atherosclerosis NO nitric oxide oxidative stress cardiovascular heart

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Sep 17
     
    Chronic stress increases cardiovascular disease.  Of note, chronic stress reduces eNOS activity and NO bioavailability, increased lipid oxidation (oxLDL) via a reduction in antioxidant protection, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased thrombosis and clotting risk, increased blood pressure and reduced HRV.
Nathan Goodyear

Fish Intake, Contaminants, and Human Health | Nutrition | JAMA | The JAMA Network - 0 views

jamanetwork.com/...203640

omega 3 omega-3 fish EPA DHA diet nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 17
     
    Study finds that higher omega 3 intake over time associated with a reduction in blood clots, heart arrhythmias, lower triglycerides, lower heart rates and lower blood pressure.
spineneuro

Spine And Neuro Surgery Hospital India: Dr. Paresh Doshi Adding More to Life Through Ex... - 0 views

spineandneurosurgeryhospitalindia.blogspot.com/...nce-in-neurocare-in-india.html

Dr. Paresh Doshi DBS surgery specialist in India Best Deep Brain Stimulation Neurosurgeon in India Top Neurosurgeon at Jaslok Hospital Mumbai

shared by spineneuro on 13 Oct 21 - No Cached
  • spineneuro on 13 Oct 21
     
    As a neurosurgeon, Dr. Paresh Doshi has performed many lifesaving surgeries to remove brain tumors and blood clots. Recently he has performed a unique deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgical treatment using a complicated auto-sensing device (percept computer) for controlling the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease of a forty two-years-old patient, a scientist from Ahmedabad. For Appointment Email: dr.pareshdoshi@neurospinehospital.com Phone No.: +91-9325887033
spineneuro

New Apoplexy Model By Dr. Vipul Gupta Artemis Improves Access to Life-Saving Care - 0 views

www.briefingwire.com/...ves-access-to-life-saving-care

Dr. Vipul Gupta best interventional neurologist in Delhi India Artemis Hospital

shared by spineneuro on 28 Mar 22 - No Cached
  • spineneuro on 28 Mar 22
     
    Dr. Vipul Gupta Artemis currently employs minimally invasive strategies to accomplish a wide kind of treatment inclusive of apoplexy treatment through handing over clot-busting medical supplies immediately to the site of the blockage.
indiacardiacsurg

What are the risks of untreated mitral valve issues? - 0 views

youtube.com/...ljdd__K4BBk

#HeartFailure #Arrhythmias #StrokeRisk #PulmonaryHypertension #Endocarditis #ReducedQualityOfLife #SuddenCardiacArrest #MitralValveIssues #HeartHealth #CardiacCare #HeartDiseaseAwareness #mitralValveRepairSurgery #IndiacCardiacSurgerySite

shared by indiacardiacsurg on 20 Nov 24 - No Cached
  • indiacardiacsurg on 20 Nov 24
     
    Untreated mitral valve issues can lead to severe complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and stroke, due to inefficient blood flow and clot formation. Pulmonary hypertension may develop, putting strain on the heart. Endocarditis risk increases with valve damage, while symptoms significantly reduce quality of life, causing fatigue and breathlessness.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone: a vascular hormone in health and disease - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...R47.full

testosterone hormone health disease hormones men male cardiovascular disease CVD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 13 - No Cached
  • Testosterone has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk factors, which include cholesterol, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation
  • In clinical studies, acute and chronic testosterone administration increases coronary artery diameter and flow, improves cardiac ischaemia and symptoms in men with chronic stable angina and reduces peripheral vascular resistance in chronic heart failure.
  • testosterone is an L-calcium channel blocker and induces potassium channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells
  • ...54 more annotations...
  • Animal studies have consistently demonstrated that testosterone is atheroprotective, whereas testosterone deficiency promotes the early stages of atherogenesis
  • there is no compelling evidence that testosterone replacement to levels within the normal healthy range contributes adversely to the pathogenesis of CVD (Carson & Rosano 2011) or prostate cancer (Morgentaler & Schulman 2009)
  • bidirectional effect between decreased testosterone concentrations and disease pathology exists as concomitant cardiovascular risk factors (including inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance) are known to reduce testosterone levels and that testosterone confers beneficial effects on these cardiovascular risk factors
  • Achieving a normal physiological testosterone concentration through the administration of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been shown to improve risk factors for atherosclerosis including reducing central adiposity and insulin resistance and improving lipid profiles (in particular, lowering cholesterol), clotting and inflammatory profiles and vascular function
  • It is well known that impaired erectile function and CVD are closely related in that ED can be the first clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis often preceding a cardiovascular event by 3–5 years
  • no decrease in the response (i.e. no tachyphylaxis) of testosterone and that patient benefit persists in the long term.
  • free testosterone levels within the physiological range, has been shown to result in a marked increase in both flow- and nitroglycerin-mediated brachial artery vasodilation in men with CAD
  • Clinical studies, however, have revealed either small reductions of 2–3 mm in diastolic pressure or no significant effects when testosterone is replaced within normal physiological limits in humans
  • Endothelium-independent mechanisms of testosterone are considered to occur primarily via the inhibition of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (VOCCs) and/or activation of K+ channels (KCs) on smooth muscle cells (SMCs)
  • Testosterone shares the same molecular binding site as nifedipine
  • Testosterone increases the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and enhances nitric oxide (NO) production
  • Testosterone also inhibited the Ca2+ influx response to PGF2α
  • one of the major actions of testosterone is on NO and its signalling pathways
  • In addition to direct effects on NOS expression, testosterone may also affect phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5 (PDE5A)) gene expression, an enzyme controlling the degradation of cGMP, which acts as a vasodilatory second messenger
  • the significance of the action of testosterone on VSMC apoptosis and proliferation in atherosclerosis is difficult to delineate and may be dependent upon the stage of plaque development
  • Several human studies have shown that carotid IMT (CIMT) and aortic calcification negatively correlate with serum testosterone
  • t long-term testosterone treatment reduced CIMT in men with low testosterone levels and angina
  • neither intracellular nor membrane-associated ARs are required for the rapid vasodilator effect
  • acute responses appear to be AR independent, long-term AR-mediated effects on the vasculature have also been described, primarily in the context of vascular tone regulation via the modulation of gene transcription
  • Testosterone and DHT increased the expression of eNOS in HUVECs
  • oestrogens have been shown to activate eNOS and stimulate NO production in an ERα-dependent manner
  • Several studies, however, have demonstrated that the vasodilatory actions of testosterone are not reduced by aromatase inhibition
  • non-aromatisable DHT elicited similar vasodilation to testosterone treatment in arterial smooth muscle
  • increased endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression and phosphorylation were observed in testosterone- and DHT-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells
  • Androgen deprivation leads to a reduction in neuronal NOS expression associated with a decrease of intracavernosal pressure in penile arteries during erection, an effect that is promptly reversed by androgen replacement therapy
  • Observational evidence suggests that several pro-inflammatory cytokines (including interleukin 1β (IL1β), IL6, tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), and highly sensitive CRP) and serum testosterone levels are inversely associated in patients with CAD, T2DM and/or hypogonadism
  • patients with the highest IL1β concentrations had lower endogenous testosterone levels
  • TRT has been reported to significantly reduce TNFα and elevate the circulating anti-inflammatory IL10 in hypogonadal men with CVD
  • testosterone treatment to normalise levels in hypogonadal men with the MetS resulted in a significant reduction in the circulating CRP, IL1β and TNFα, with a trend towards lower IL6 compared with placebo
  • parenteral testosterone undecanoate, CRP decreased significantly in hypogonadal elderly men
  • Higher levels of serum adiponectin have been shown to lower cardiovascular risk
  • Research suggests that the expression of VCAM-1, as induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα or interferon γ (IFNγ (IFNG)) in endothelial cells, can be attenuated by treatment with testosterone
  • Testosterone also inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL6, IL1β and TNFα in a range of cell types including human endothelial cells
  • decreased inflammatory response to TNFα and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human endothelial cells when treated with DHT
  • The key to unravelling the link between testosterone and its role in atherosclerosis may lay in the understanding of testosterone signalling and the cross-talk between receptors and intracellular events that result in pro- and/or anti-inflammatory actions in athero-sensitive cells.
  • testosterone functions through the AR to modulate adhesion molecule expression
  • pre-treatment with DHT reduced the cytokine-stimulated inflammatory response
  • DHT inhibited NFκB activation
  • DHT could inhibit an LPS-induced upregulation of MCP1
  • Both NFκB and AR act at the transcriptional level and have been experimentally found to be antagonistic to each other
  • As the AR and NFκB are mutual antagonists, their interaction and influence on functions can be bidirectional, with inflammatory agents that activate NFκB interfering with normal androgen signalling as well as the AR interrupting NFκB inflammatory transcription
  • prolonged exposure of vascular cells to the inflammatory activation of NFκB associated with atherosclerosis may reduce or alter any potentially protective effects of testosterone
  • DHT and IFNγ also modulate each other's signalling through interaction at the transcriptional level, suggesting that androgens down-regulate IFN-induced genes
  • (Simoncini et al. 2000a,b). Norata et al. (2010) suggest that part of the testosterone-mediated atheroprotective effects could depend on ER activation mediated by the testosterone/DHT 3β-derivative, 3β-Adiol
  • TNFα-induced induction of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin as well as MCP1 and IL6 was significantly reduced by a pre-incubation with 3β-Adiol in HUVECs
  • 3β-Adiol also reduced LPS-induced gene expression of IL6, TNFα, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2 (PTGS2)), CD40, CX3CR1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, MMP9, resistin, pentraxin-3 and MCP1 in the monocytic cell line U937 (Norata et al. 2010)
  • This study suggests that testosterone metabolites, other than those generated through aromatisation, could exert anti-inflammatory effects that are mediated by ER activation.
  • The authors suggest that DHT differentially effects COX2 levels under physiological and pathophysiological conditions in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells and via AR-dependent and -independent mechanisms influenced by the physiological state of the cell
  • There are, however, a number of systematic meta-analyses of clinical trials of TRT that have not demonstrated an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events or mortality
  • The TOM trial, which was designed to investigate the effect of TRT on frailty in elderly men, was terminated prematurely as a result of an increased incidence of cardiovascular-related events after 6 months in the treatment arm
  • trials of TRT in men with either chronic stable angina or chronic cardiac failure have also found no increase in either cardiovascular events or mortality in studies up to 12 months
  • Evidence may therefore suggest that low testosterone levels and testosterone levels above the normal range have an adverse effect on CVD, whereas testosterone levels titrated to within the mid- to upper-normal range have at least a neutral effect or, taking into account the knowledge of the beneficial effects of testosterone on a series of cardiovascular risk factors, there may possibly be a cardioprotective action
  • The effect of testosterone on human vascular function is a complex issue and may be dependent upon the underlying androgen and/or disease status.
  • the majority of studies suggest that testosterone may display both acute and chronic vasodilatory effects upon various vascular beds at both physiological and supraphysiological concentrations and via endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 13
     
    Good deep look into the testosterone and CVD link.
Nathan Goodyear

Homocysteine and MTHFR Mutations - 0 views

circ.ahajournals.org/...e289.full

homocysteine MTHFR CVD cardiovascular death CAD c677T A1298c

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • The most common MTHFR mutation is called the MTHFR C677T mutation
  • Another common mutation is called MTHFR A1298C
  • Having only one mutation, ie, being heterozygous, is, from a medical perspective, irrelevant. Even when 2 MTHFR mutations are present (eg, 2 C677T mutations, or one C677T mutation and one A1298C mutation)
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Although these mutations do impair the regulation of homocysteine, adequate folate levels essentially “cancel out” this defect.
  • Regardless of whether you have an MTHFR mutation in both genes or not, the treatment for elevated homocysteine is the same—dietary intervention and supplementation with folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12
  • Overall, evidence from these studies indicates that, so long as the homocysteine level is normal, MTHFR mutations do not significantly increase the risk of heart attack or stroke
  • Studies investigating the association of MTHFR mutations and venous blood clots have been inconsistent, with some studies showing a slight association, but most studies have not shown any association
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Good review of MTHFR and homocysteine.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Increased Risk of Non-Fatal Myocardial Infarction Following Testosterone Ther... - 0 views

www.plosone.org/...10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0085805

Testosterone therapy cardiovascular disease men male hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • For all TT prescription subjects combined, the post/pre prescription rate ratio for MI (RR)was 1.36
  • In men aged 65 years and older the RR was 2.19 (1.27, 3.77), while in men under age 65 years the RR was 1.17
  • increasing RR with increasing age.
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • The RRs were 0.95 (0.54, 1.67) under 55 years
  • 1.35 (0.77, 2.38) at 55–59
  • 1.29 (0.71, 2.35) at 60–64,
  • 1.35 (0.44, 4.18) at 65–69, 1.62
  • 3.43 (1.54, 7.66) at 75 years and older
  • The adjusted post/pre RR for PDE5I across all ages was 1.08
  • For TT prescription, in men under age 65 years, the RR was 2.90 (1.49, 5.62) for those with a history of heart disease and 0.90 (0.61, 1.34) for those without
  • In men aged 65 year and older, the RR was 2.16 (0.92, 5.10) for those with a history of heart disease and 2.21 (1.09, 4.45) for those without.
  • Among men aged 65 years and older, we observed a two-fold increase in the risk of MI in the 90 days after filling an initial TT prescription
  • Among younger men with a history of heart disease, we observed a two to three-fold increased risk of MI in the 90 days following an initial TT prescription and no excess risk in younger men without such a history
  • Among older men, the two-fold increased risk was associated with TT prescription regardless of cardiovascular disease history
  • our own findings appear consistent with a higher frequency of thrombotic events following TT prescription among men with more extensive coronary vascular disease.
  • Our findings are consistent with a recent meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials of testosterone therapy lasting 12 or more weeks among mainly older men, which reported that testosterone therapy increased the risk of adverse cardiovascular-related events (OR = 1.54, 95%CI:1.09, 2.18), as well as serious adverse cardiovascular-related events (OR = 1.61, 95%CI:1.01, 2.56) which included myocardial infarction along with other conditions
  • This association appeared unrelated to average baseline testosterone level (p = 0.70) but varied by source of funding (p = 0.03), with a stronger summary effect in a meta-analysis of studies not funded by the pharmaceutical industry (OR = 2.06, 95%CI:1.34, 3.17) compared with studies funded by the pharmaceutical industry
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 14
       
      This supports prior analysis that studies done by pharmaceutical corps will be more favorable to their product(s) than those independently funded.  This is called bias.
  • the evidence supports an association between testosterone therapy and risk of serious, adverse cardiovascular-related events–including non-fatal myocardial infarction–in men
  • there is some evidence that low endogenous testosterone levels may also be positively associated with cardiovascular events
  • effects of endogenous and exogenous testosterone may differ. Exogenous testosterone (TT) is associated with physiologic changes that predispose to clotting and thrombotic disorders including increased blood pressure [18], polycythemia [19], reductions in HDL cholesterol [18], [20], and hyperviscosity of the blood and platelet aggregation. [20]–[23]; TT also increases circulating estrogens [24], [25] which may play a role in the observed excess of adverse cardiovascular-related events, given that estrogen therapy has been associated with this excess in both men and women
  • did not include information on the serologic or diagnostic indications for treatment.
  • no association between PDE5I prescriptions and the risk of MI
  • Recently TT has been increasing extraordinarily rapidly, including among younger men and among those without hormone measurement
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 14
     
    New cohort study finds increased risk of Testosterone in men > 65 and those : these are based in marketing-based medicine not evidence based medicine.
wheelchairindia9

Cp Child Wheelchair - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...CP-Wheelchair

Wheelchair Offers New Vistas For Persons With Cerebral Palsy cerebellum and the cortex common causes of brain damage cause like chicken pox or measles neurological problems are properly managed

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 05 May 15 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 05 May 15
     
    young children have a different set of needs than adults. Aesthetically, devices designed for kids are often sleek and colorful, and functionally, they are typically lightweight and adjustable. As any parent knows, young people don't stay the same size for long and since a wheelchair is a major purchase -- don't want a simple growth spurt to render it useless. Wheelchair category offers models that feature seat width and depth adjustability, elevating legrests, and other versatile features. As a weight-bearing activity is critical to proper physical and mental function-which is why children with cerebral palsy, who may sit for stretches in a wheelchair and typically are unable to stand on their own, can benefit greatly from pediatric standers as part of a comprehensive pediatric rehabilitation program. Pediatric standers are offered in passive, active and mobile formats: Passive standers stay in one place and feature a support surface, active standers allow reciprocal movement of the extremities while in a standing position, and mobile standers enable users to self-propel. Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair: Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair Description: The model designed for cerebral palsy child only. Ultra light weight aluminium alloy frame. Seat Width 38 cms (15"). Net Weight: 18.5 kgs. Epoxy powder coated frame. Detachable arm rest & foot rest provided. Elevated and swinging foot rest. Elevated foot rest provided to elevate leg angle. Height adjustable and detachable head rest. Hydraulic reclining high back for a comfortable posture. Hydraulic adjustable seat angle. Detachable back and seat pad. Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & calg Foldable. Lever and paddle brakes provided. Safety belt provided. Maintenance free rear solid wheels. Cloth look like water proof upholstery. Anti wheels for better safety and stability. Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & leg. Folding action. Lever and paddle brakes provide
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