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Nathan Goodyear

ScienceDirect - Journal of Functional Foods : Effects of l-theanine on attention and re... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1756464611000351

l-theanine attention anxiety

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jun 11 - No Cached
  • Results evidently demonstrated that l-theanine clearly has a pronounced effect on attention performance and reaction time response in normal healthy subjects prone to have high anxiety.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jun 11
     
    l-Theanine for attention and anxiety
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary Supplementation with Aged Garlic Extract Reduces Plasma and Urine Concentration... - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...168.abstract

aged garlic extract oxidative stress

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • dietary supplementation with AGE may be useful in reducing oxidative stress in humans.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 11
     
    Aged garlic reduces oxidative stress in smokers and non-smokers
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Body Weight in Obese Subjects - 0 views

www.amjmed.com/...abstract

alpha lipoic acid weight loss obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Alpha-lipoic acid 1800 mg/d led to a modest weight loss in obese subjects. Alpha-lipoic acid may be considered as adjunctive therapy for obesity.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 11
     
    alpha lipoic acid leads to weight loss in obese
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin-induced suppression of adipogenic differentiation is accompanied by ... - 0 views

ajpcell.physiology.org/...C1510.abstract

curcumin inflammation obesity diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Curcumin, a polyphenol found in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, improves obesity-associated inflammation and diabetes in obese mice.
  • Curcumin also suppresses adipocyte differentiation
  • curcumin-induced suppression of adipogenesis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 11
     
    Curcumin reduces inflammation associated with obesity and Diabetes
Nathan Goodyear

Colonic CD8 and γδ T-cell infiltration with epithelial damage in children wit... - 0 views

www.jpeds.com/...abstract

autism inflammation gut gastrointestinal GI ASD spectrum disorders

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Jun 11 - No Cached
  • suggesting a predominantly TH2 response.
  • mmunohistochemistry confirms a distinct lymphocytic colitis in autistic spectrum disorders
  • This is consistent with increasing evidence for gut epithelial dysfunction in autism.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Jun 11
     
    evidence of gut inflammation and epithelial dysfunction in children with Autism
Nathan Goodyear

Thyroid Replacement Therapy and Heart Failure - 0 views

circ.ahajournals.org/...385.full

thyroid T3 hormone hormones cardiovascular disease heart health failure CHF MI myocardial infarction heart attack heart disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • A good biomarker of intracardiac TH signaling would be helpful but has not been identified. In the absence of such a marker, a rational, cautious therapeutic approach might be to restore and maintain over time biochemical euthyroidism as documented by normal circulating levels of TSH, FT4, and FT3.
  • a low-T3 state resulting from altered peripheral TH metabolism secondary to caloric restriction is associated with impaired cardiac contractility
  • Low-T3 syndrome is the central finding and defines the illness in a variety of acute and chronic severe nonthyroidal illnesses with cardiac origin, including MI, HF, and surgically treated cardiac disease.1 Low circulating levels of T3 in the absence of primary thyroid hypofunction have been found in 20% to 30% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • FT3 levels were inversely correlated to coronary artery disease
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14
     
    Great review of the current understanding of thyroid hormone metabolism in cardiac tissue.  Low T3 and increased rT3 (via increased D3 activity) is CLEARLY associated with poor cardiac performance and post MI and CHF is associated with poor outcomes.  T3 is critical in cardiac remodeling and recovery post MI.  T3 is actually a vasodilatory in the coronary arteries.   Why a endocrinologist would call rT3 useless only points to their ignorance of the literature.
Nathan Goodyear

Exercise-induced right ventricular dysfunction and structural remodelling in endurance ... - 0 views

eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/...998

endurance athletes training heart health injury

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • In a cohort of well-trained athletes, we demonstrated that intense endurance exercise causes an acute reduction in RV function that increases with race duration and correlates with increases in biomarkers of myocardial injury
  • no relationship between LV function and biomarker levels
  • focal gadolinium enhancement and increased RV remodelling were more prevalent in those athletes with a longer history of competitive sport, suggesting that repetitive ultra-endurance exercise may lead to more extensive RV change and possible myocardial fibrosis
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • he cardiac impact of both acute and cumulative exercise is greatest on the RV.
  • Greater reductions in RV function occurred in those athletes competing for a longer duration, suggesting that the heart has a finite capacity to maintain the increased work demands of exercise
  • cardiac injury is greatest in the least trained
  • Previous investigators have documented reductions in RV function in less trained subjects over the marathon distance
  • We enrolled elite and subelite athletes and found a significant association between fitness (VO2max) and the reduction in post-race RVEF
  • Even after many years of detraining, cardiac dilation may not completely regress in elite athletes
  • The focus on well-trained athletes may be of particular relevance, given that they perform exercise of highest intensity and duration most frequently, and, thus, may be at a greater risk of cumulative injury.
  • The lack of correlation between increases in troponin and changes in LV function seen in this study has been previously interpreted as evidence that post-exercise elevations in cardiac biomarkers are benign.
  • a significant correlation between changes in RVEF and post-race biomarker levels and this relationship was even stronger in the athletes who completed the race of longest duration, the ultra-triathlon
  • The correlations with RVEF, but not LVEF, provide further evidence of the differential effects of intense exercise on RV and LV function
  • BNP release during intense exercise is associated with greater relative increases in RV systolic pressures, but not LV pressures
  • BNP may provide a measure of both acute RV load and the resultant fatigue which occurs when this load is sustained
  • It has been demonstrated that ventricular load increases with exercise intensity and is greater for the RV than the LV,29 thus potentially explaining why the RV is more susceptible to fatigue after prolonged exercise.
  • This study demonstrates, for the first time, an association between endurance exercise of increasing duration and structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes
  • Functional abnormalities were confined to the RV and were largely reversible 1 week following the event
  • there remained a significant minority of athletes in whom there was evidence of myocardial fibrosis in the interventricular septum
  • RV abnormalities may be acquired through cumulative bouts of intense exercise and provides direction for prospective investigations aimed at elucidating whether extreme exercise may promote arrhythmias in some athletes.
  • the acute injury and chronic remodelling of the myocardium both disproportionately affect the RV and it remains possible that the two are linked.
  • focal DGE was confined to the interventricular septum and commonly at the site of RV attachment
  • emerging evidence that intense endurance exercise may be associated with an excess in arrhythmic disorders, the mechanisms for which remain unexplained
  • RVEF (and not LVEF) was reduced in athletes with complex ventricular arrhythmias when compared with healthy athletes and non-athletes without arrhythmias
  • it is premature to conclude that these changes may represent a proarrhythmic substrate
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15
     
    Study finds endurance racing results in reduce Right ventricle ejection fraction even in elite athletes.  This post-race RVEF reduction is associated with VO2max.
Nathan Goodyear

Implications of free radicals and antioxidant levels in carcinoma of the breast: A neve... - 0 views

www.indianjcancer.com/article.asp

SOD superoxide disumutase catalase antioxidants antioxidant breast cancer cancer malondialdehyde MDA lipid peroxides oxidative stress inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • Experimental investigations as well as clinical and epidemiological findings have provided evidence supporting the role of reactive oxygen metabolites or free radicals such as singlet oxygen O 2 - , superoxide anions (O 2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H­2 O2 ) and hydroxyl radical in the etiology of cancer.
  • Certain aldehydes such as Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation arising from free radical degeneration of polyunsaturated fatty acids can cause cross linking in lipids, proteins and nucleic acids leading to cellular damage.
  • In this study, patients with cancer exhibited higher levels of MDA, both in tissues and serum (p<0.001) compared to the control group [Table 1]. In tissue, the MDA level in stage IV was significantly higher as compared to stage I indicating increased free radical activity with increasing severity of cancer
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • From these observations, it can be concluded that MDA levels play an important role in assessing the outcome of cancer
  • SOD and CAT are considered primary antioxidant enzymes, since they are involved in direct elimination of reactive oxygen metabolites. [13-16] They also act as anti-carcinogens and inhibitors at initiation and promotion/transformation stage in carcinogenesis
  • In our study, SOD and CAT levels were found to be low in all cancer patients as compared to controls
  • Fridovich and Tayarani have demonstrated in their respective studies that the reduction in SOD activity increases the toxic effects of O2 - and this might lead to severe cellular damage.
  • Mehrotra et al. in their study also observed high levels of MDA and low levels of SOD and CAT in patients of cancer cervix which is in sync with our observations.
  • strong evidence regarding the definitive role of free radicals in breast malignancy.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Nov 14
     
    This study finds a strong correlation between advancing breast cancer, decreased catalase and SOD with increasing MDA.  The authors of this study conclude this is a key factor in carcinogenesis and not a by-product of cancer.  This flies in the face of traditional medicines fear of antioxidant therapy in cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Leptin and Androgens in Male Obesity: Evidence for Leptin Contribution to Reduced Andro... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jcem.84.10.6082

obesity leptin low T low Testosterone Testosterone low T leydig cells LH leutenizing hormone men male hormones hormone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • in male obesity basal and LH-stimulated androgen levels are reduced and inversely correlated with circulating leptin
  • functional leptin receptors are present in rodent Leydig cells
  • it is conceivable that in males high leptin concentrations may have a direct inhibitory effect(s) on Leydig cell function.
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • insulin is an important inhibitor of the synthesis of SHBG
  • no correlation between leptin and SHBG levels
  • SHBG reduction in obesity is a minor determinant of lowered androgen levels
  • SHBG can explain only up to 3% of the correlation
  • testicular T de novo production is impaired in obese men and that leptin seems to be the best hormonal predictor of this blunted response to LH stimulation
  • The low basal 17-OH-P levels found in massively obese men are consistent with a global impairment of Leydig cell steroidogenic function in this group of subjects.
  • These findings indicate that obese men have a FM-related defect in the enzymatic conversion of 17-OH-P to T, which is revealed by hCG stimulation.
  • Other studies have investigated the adrenal function in male obesity and have shown that basal cortisol and 17-OH-progesterone levels tend to decrease with the increase in the degree of obesity
  • High E2 can inhibit the expression and activity of the 17,20-lyase and may be responsible for this steroidogenic lesion
  • However, stimulated E2 levels were not higher in the obese than in controls, excluding the fact that the lower androgen response was due to an increased aromatization of T to E2 and that estrogens have a major role in the observed defect of 17,20-lyase activity in obese men.
  • the percentage increase in the 17-OH-progesterone to T molar ratio paralleled the increase in leptin levels of obese men
  • Multiple regression analysis indicated that the best hormonal predictor of the obesity-related reduction in T and FT basal levels and androgen changes after hCG stimulation was serum leptin concentration
  • insulin has no negative influences on androgen production in obese men
  • insulin is known to have stimulatory actions on T production that have been demonstrated in obese and normal weight men (57) and in Leydig cells in culture
  • the negative correlation between insulin and basal T can be partly explained by the inhibitory action of insulin on SHBG production
  • hypogonadal men have higher circulating leptin levels compared with hypogonadal patients under effective androgen substitution therapy
  • The impaired androgen response to LH stimulus was due to a defect in the enzymatic conversion of 17-OH-progesterone to T, which was disclosed by a leptin-related increase in 17-OH-progesterone to T ratio
  • Estrogens, which are inhibitory modulators of LH pulsatility and bioactivity
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Sep 14
     
    Leptin appears to be a good marker of low Testosterone.  This study proposes that the mechanism of action is potentially 2 fold: first, a decrease in LH release by leptin (kisspeptin?) and 2nd, a directed decrease in Testosterone production by the leydig cells in the testes.
Nathan Goodyear

Anemia in cancer - 0 views

annonc.oxfordjournals.org/...vii167.long

cancer anemia

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Anemia is a frequent finding in cancer patients, occurring in >40% of cases
  • chemotherapy, the incidence of anemia may rise to 90%
  • Anemia exerts a negative influence on the quality of life
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • Anemia has also been identified as an adverse prognostic factor
  • mild (10 g/dl—normal), moderate (8–10 g/dl), severe (6.5–8 g/dl) and life threatening (<6.5 g/dl or unstable patient) anemia
  • anemia in cancer patients is often multifactorial.
  • Cancer itself can directly cause or exacerbate anemia either by suppressing hematopoiesis through bone marrow infiltration or production of cytokines that lead to iron sequestration, or by reduced red blood cell production
  • in inflammatory anemia, iron deficiency should be defined by a low transferrin saturation of <20%, ferritin levels of <100 ng/ml and a low reticulocyte hemoglobin concentration of <32 pg
  • anemia to thrombocytosis, as commonly seen in cancer patients
  • TNF-α inhibits hemoglobin production
  • treatment itself may be a major cause of anemia
  • Other cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 and interferon-γ, have also been shown to inhibit erythroid precursors in vitro [9], albeit to a lesser extent
  • In inflammation, from whatever cause, IL-6 induces the liver to produce hepcidin. Hepcidin decreases iron absorption from the bowel and blocks iron utilization in the bone marrow
  • Numerous in vitro studies have illustrated the central role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of anemia
  • nephrotoxic effects of particular cytotoxic agents such as platinum salts can also lead to the persistence of anemia through reduced Epo production by the kidney
  • Currently two options are at the disposal of the clinician for the treatment of anemia in cancer patients: transfusion of packed red blood cells and the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs)
  • The goal of the treatment is to relieve the symptoms of anemia such as fatigue and dyspnea.
  • Transfusion of 1 unit of packed red blood cells has been estimated to result in an increase in the hemoglobin level of 1 g/dl in a normal-sized adult
  • a higher mortality rate in patients receiving ESA treatment
  • Recent concerns regarding the risk of thromboembolism in patients treated with ESA have been corroborated by the meta-analyses conducted by Tonnelli and Bennett
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 15
     
    Great review of anemia in Cancer:  1)  blood loss 2)  increased RBC loss 3)   decreased RBC production Cancer infiltration of marrow can reduce hematopoiesis.  Inflammatory cytokines can reduce hematopoiesis.  Inflammatory cytokines can block Fe absorption.  Chemo and radiation can cause anemia--particularily platinum based therapies.
nucosmeticclinic

Relevant Details about Liquid Facelift or Non-Surgical Facelift in London UK - 0 views

www.nucosmeticclinic.co.uk/liquid-facelift-london-uk

facelift London liquid therapy Non-Surgical Wrinkle Treatment Anti-Wrinkle Fillers Dermal Nu Cosmetic Clinic Beauty Health Anti-Aging Skin Treatments

shared by nucosmeticclinic on 04 Nov 15 - No Cached
  • nucosmeticclinic on 04 Nov 15
     
    Liquid Facelift represent the class of cosmetic therapies that doesn't require surgical interventions which itself is a great advantage of this treatment meant to revive your facial appearance by replacing the lost volume of your cheeks.
Nathan Goodyear

The Role of Post-Exercise Nutrient Administration on Muscle Protein Synthesis and Glyco... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3761704

exercise athlete athletes recovery exercise recovery training protein carbohydrates glycogen muscle

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Whey protein was superior to that of casein in upregulating protein synthesis
  • ability to digest more rapidly than casein protein
  • Free form amino acid ingestion acts similarly to whey by displaying a rapid and strong increase in aminoacidemia
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • it appears that protein synthesis rapidly increases for up to two hours after amino acid administration
  • The intervention of dietary protein or amino acid supplementation in conjunction with resistance training has proven to effectively increase protein synthesis rates
  • 291% increase in protein synthesis following the exercise bout, while protein degradation remained unchanged from baseline quantities
  • it has been established that post-exercise EAA supplementation stimulates protein synthesis, in conjunction with a positive protein balance, comparable to that of intravenous infusion of amino acids
  • Casein and whey protein ingestion yielded similar values of net positive protein balance, and thus an overall increase in protein synthesis
  • A later analysis revealed that soy protein increased protein synthesis in rats similar to that of whey after a treadmill exercise protocol
  • A human trial, however, concluded that milk proteins (caseins and whey) in comparison to soy promoted greater muscle protein accretion when they were ingested after regular resistance training
  • Whey hydrolysate ingested after a resistance exercise bout acutely stimulated mixed muscle protein synthesis 31% greater than soy
  • adequate amount of protein (20 g) is ingested (Tipton et al., 2009) immediately before or after a resistance exercise bout
  • The rapid phase lasts approximately 30-60 minutes and does not require the presence of insulin
  • slow phase, which can last up to several hours if carbohydrate availability is high and insulin levels remain elevated
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 16
     
    Good review of recovery supplement strategy.
Nathan Goodyear

International Journal of Impotence Research - Mechanisms of action of PDE5 inhibition i... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...3901205a.html

ED PDE5 PDE5 inhibitors erectile dysfunction impotence men male NO

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is produced from oxygen and L-arginine under the control of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)
  • Cyclic GMP is the intracellular trigger for penile erection
  • PDE5 is the predominant phosphodiesterase in the corpus cavernosum
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 14
     
    Nice review of the mechanism of action of PDE5 inhibitors and ED.
Nathan Goodyear

The implication of neuroactive steroids in Tourette syndrome pathogenesis: a ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3849218

tourette's syndrome hormones 5-alpha reductase

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 15 - No Cached
  • The typical onset of TS occurs at 6–7 years of age and is characterized by the appearance of simple, recurrent motor tics, followed by the manifestation of phonic tics after several months [12]. In most children, TS symptoms undergo a progressive exacerbation, which reaches its zenith at the beginning of puberty (11–12 years of age), and is then followed by a gradual remission in the majority of patients
  • 30–40% of TS-affected children retain their symptoms in adulthood
  • Multiple neurotransmitters have been implicated in TS, including dopamine (DA), serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA)
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • female gender may predict greater tic severity in adulthood
  • male gender is a major risk factor for TS (with a male:female prevalence ratio estimated at ~4:1)
  • the typical age of onset coincides with adrenarche (6–7 years old); symptoms increase in severity until the beginning of puberty (12 years old) and then undergo a spontaneous amelioration, which becomes apparent with the end of puberty (at 18–19 years of age)
  • TS is diagnosed later in females than males
  • ample evidence supports the involvement of DAergic dysfunctions in TS
  • a number of clinical observations showed that tics in TS patients could be exacerbated by anabolic androgens
  • steroidogenic enzymes and androgen receptors may serve as putative therapeutic targets for this disorder
  • Unlike males, tic severity is typically increased after puberty in females
  • 26% of females were found to experience exacerbation of tics in the estrogenic phase of the menstrual cycle, and this phenomenon was found to be correlated with increased tic severity at menarche
  • biochemical hallmark of adrenarche is the acquisition of 17,20 lyase activity by cytochrome P450 C17 (CYP17A1)
  • increased synthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione, which leads to the growth of axillary and pubic hair as well as enhancement in the oiliness of the skin
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 15
     
    interesting read on hormones and tourette's.. Proposed that 5 alpha reductase activity is involved in worsening of tics.  This makes sense as Testosterone in men with low T is known to increase dopamine and dopaminergic dysfunction is known to play a role in tourette's;  the clinical presentation of girls vs boys is very different.  The authors of this article propose that 5 alpha reductase activity controls a back door method where by progesterone is converted to androgens.
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