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Nathan Goodyear

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in hy... [BJU Int. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23294726

Testosterone PSA DHT prostate cancer men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Feb 14
     
    Study finds negligible effect of Testosterone therapy (4.8 mg) on PSA.  The study consisted of several phases, the longest being 6 years.  However, each phase the parcipitants significantly declined.  The long held belief that Testosterone and DHT promote an increase in PSA is just not supported in the science.  In fact, aromatase knockout mice don't develop prostate cancer, only BPH.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Deficiency, Cardiac Health, and Older Men - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...143763

low T Testosterone obesity type II diabetes diabetes health wellness metabolic syndrome lipids cholesterol hypogonadism TDS testicular dysgenesis syndrome men male hormone hormones prostate cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14 - No Cached
  • Studies have shown pharmacological doses of testosterone to relax coronary arteries when injected intraluminally [39] and to produce modest but consistent improvement in exercise-induced angina and reverse associated ECG changes [40]. The mechanism of action is via blockade of calcium channels with effect of similar magnitude to nifedipine
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This directly refutes the recent studies (3) that Testosterone therapy increases cardiovascular events.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
       
      Testosterone acts as a calcium channel blocker inducing vasodilation.
  • men with chronic stable angina pectoris, the ischaemic threshold increased after 4 weeks of TRT and a recent study demonstrates improvement continuing beyond 12 months [
  • Exercise capacity in men with chronic heart failure increased after 12 weeks
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Studies have shown an inverse relationship between serum testosterone and fasting blood glucose and insulin levels
  • Medications such as chronic analgesics, anticonvulsants, 5ARIs, and androgen ablation therapy are associated with increased risk of testosterone deficiency and insulin resistance
  • Women with T2D or metabolic syndrome characteristically have low SHBG and high free testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This stands in polar opposite of that with men.
  • Hypogonadism is a common feature of the metabolic syndrome
  • The precise interaction between insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and hypogonadism is, as yet, unclear but the important mechanisms are through increased aromatase production, raised leptin levels, and increase in inflammatory kinins
  • levels of testosterone are reduced in proportion to degree of obesity
  • Men should be encouraged to combine aerobic exercise with strength training. As muscle increases, glucose will be burned more efficiently and insulin levels will fall. A minimum of 30 minutes exercise three times weekly should be advised
  • Testosterone increases levels of fast-twitch muscle fibres
  • By increasing testosterone, levels of type 2 fibres increase and glucose burning improves
  • Weight loss will increase levels of testosterone
  • studies now clearly show that low testosterone leads to visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome and is also a consequence of obesity
  • In the case of MMAS [43], a baseline total testosterone of less than 10.4 nmol/L was associated with a greater than 4-fold incidence of type 2 diabetes over the next 9 years
  • There is high level evidence that TRT improves insulin resistance
  • Low testosterone predicts increased mortality and testosterone therapy improves survival in 587 men with type 2 diabetes
  • A similar retrospective US study involved 1031 men with 372 on TRT. The cumulative mortality was 21% in the untreated group versus 10% ( ) in the treated group with the greatest effect in younger men and those with type 2 diabetes
  • the presence of ED has been shown to be an independent risk factor, particularly in hypogonadal men, increasing the risk of cardiac events by over 50%
  • A recent online publication on ischaemic heart disease mortality in men concluded optimal androgen levels are a biomarker for survival
  • inverse associations between low TT or FT (Table 2) and the severity of CAD
  • A recent 10 year study from Western Australia involving 3690 men followed up from 2001–2010 concluded that TT and FT levels in the normal range were associated with decreased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, for the first time suggesting that both low and DHT are associated with all-cause mortality and higher levels of DHT reduced cardiovascular risk
  • TDS is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality
  • The effect of treatment with TRT reduced the mortality rate of treated cohort (8.4%) to that of the eugonadal group whereas the mortality for the untreated remained high at 19.2%
  • hypogonadal men had slightly increased triglycerides and HDL
  • Men with angiographically proven CAD (coronary artery disease) have significantly lower testosterone levels [29] compared to controls ( ) and there was a significant inverse relationship between the degree of CAD and TT (total testosterone) levels
  • TRT has also been shown to reduce fibrinogen to levels similar to fibrates
  • men treated with long acting testosterone showed highly significant reductions in TC, LDL, and triglycerides with increase in HDL, associated with significant reduction in weight, BMI, and visceral fat
  • Low androgen levels are associated with an increase in inflammatory markers
  • A decline was noted in IL6 and TNF-alpha
  • In some studies, a decline in diastolic blood pressure has been observed, after 3–9 months [24, 26] and in systolic blood pressure
  • In the Moscow study, C-reactive protein was reduced by TRT at 30 weeks versus placebo
  • No studies to date show an increase in LUTS/BPH symptoms with higher serum testosterone levels
  • TRT has been shown to upregulate PDE5 [65] and enhance the effect of PDE5Is (now an accepted therapy for both ED and LUTS), it no longer seems logical to advice avoidance of TRT in men with mild to moderate BPH.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      What about just starting with normalization of Testosterone levels first.
  • Several meta-analyses have failed to show a link between TRT and development of prostate cancer [66] but some studies have shown a tendency for more aggressive prostate cancer in men with low testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      And if one would have looked at their estrogen levels, I guarantee they would have been found to be elevated.
  • low bioavailable testosterone and high SHBG were associated with a 4.9- and 3.2-fold risk of positive biopsy
  • Current EAU, ISSAM, and BSSM guidance [1, 2] is that there is “no evidence TRT is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer or activation of subclinical cancer.”
  • Men with prostate cancer, treated with androgen deprivation, develop an increase of fat mass with an altered lipid profile
  • Erectile dysfunction is an established marker for future cardiovascular risk and the major presenting symptom leading to a diagnosis of low testosterone
Nathan Goodyear

Long-term effects of finasteride on prostate specific antigen levels: results from the ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16093979

5 alpha reductase finasteride 5 alpha reductase inhibitors PSA BPH prostate disease cancer men male hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 15
     
    PSA increased more in men with prostate cancer compared to no disease in men on finasteride therapy. This supports the idea that finasteride has a greater PSA reduction in benign prostate disease compared to prostate cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of Finasteride on the Sensitivity of PSA for Detecting Prostate Cancer - 0 views

jnci.oxfordjournals.org/...1128.long

PSA prostate BPH prostate cancer 5 alpha reductase finasteride male hormones men

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 15
     
    Finasteride more likely to lower PSA associated with benign prostate conditions compared to cancer of prostate.
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen Receptor {beta}: Switching to a New Partner and Escaping from Estrogen -- Leun... - 0 views

stke.sciencemag.org/...pe19

estrogen estradiol estrone E2 E1 ER-alpha ER-beta BPH prostate cancer inflammation apoptosis men male receptors

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Sep 12
     
    Study shows that estradiol decreases ER beta in the prostate. ER beta is anti-inflammatory, inhibits growth, and promotes cell death: all of which would decrease risk of prostate growth and/or cancer.   We know that men increase estrogen production through increased aromatase activity, which according to this study, will decrease ER beta and the prostate associated benefits.
Nathan Goodyear

Anterior prostate epithelial AR inactivation modifies estrogen receptor expression and ... - 0 views

ajpendo.physiology.org/...E727.abstract

prostate men male ER-alpha ER-beta estrogen receptors inflammation Testosterone Estradiol Estrone aromatase BPH

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Sep 12
     
    Study shows that decreased androgens up regulates estrogen receptor alpha.  ER alpha promotes growth preferentially over ER beta, and is inflammatory.  Thus in the picture of low T, increased aromatase activity and thus increase Estradiol/Estrone production, we should not be surprised to find increased stimulus for prostate growth.
Nathan Goodyear

Essential Role for Estrogen Receptor β in Stromal-Epithelial Regulation of Pr... - 0 views

endo.endojournals.org/...566.abstract

ER-alpha ER-beta BPH aromatase activity prostate men male T testosterone low estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Sep 12
     
    ER beta agonists shown to be anti-proliferative in the prostate and "ablated preexisting prostatic epithelial hyperplasia".  This has important implications: low T conditions increase ER alpha expression, which increases ER alpha production.  Low T is a pro inflammatory state in men, which increases aromatase activity.  Thus increase conversion of T to E2 in the stroma of the prostate results in growth.  ER beta is not activated.
Nathan Goodyear

Tissue and serum levels of principal androgens in benign prostatic hyperplasia and pros... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0039128X07000293

prostate cancer BPH Testosterone DHT androgens men male hormone hormones saliva

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Jan 14
     
    Serum evaluation of Testosterone and DHT poorly correlates with intraprostatic hormone levels.  Must look to saliva to get better clinical picture.
Nathan Goodyear

Relationship Between Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia/... [J Sex Med. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24612680

Testosterone men male hormone hormones BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy LUTS lower urinary tract symptoms

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 14
     
    European study finds no correlation with Total Testosterone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Nathan Goodyear

Aromatase and regulating the estrogen:androgen ratio in the prostate gland - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0960076009002696

estrogen estradiol Testosterone T:E2 prostate cancer prostate BPH male men hormone hormones cancer health ER alpha ER beta aromatase activity aromatase

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 13
     
    This article summarizes it all.  With age, Testosterone declines and estrogen production, through elevated aromatase activity, increases.  This results in a decline in the Testosterone:estradiol ratio.  This has been clearly implicated in both benign and disease states of the prostate.  The evidence points to aromatase activity and estrogen in the prostate to poor prostate health.  Additionally, this article points out the impact of ER alpha and ER beta on the translation of the message of Estrogen.
Nathan Goodyear

Analysis of Relations between serum levels of Epitestosterone, Estradiol, Testosterone,... - 0 views

www.biomed.cas.cz/...49_S113.pdf

PSA hormone hormones BPH Prostate cancer prostate cancer Epitestosterone men male aromatase Estradiol IGF-1

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 13
     
    Great confusion exists in the medical profession about Testosterone and PSA and the health of the prostate. The conversion of Estrogen, whether E2 or E1, and other variables are responsible for increases in PSA while on Testosterone therapy. This study points out that Estradiol in men stimulates cell line growth of prostate cancer. In contrast, Epitestosterone, an androgen metabolite, has antiandrogen, inhibits this estrogen activity. Epitestosterone exists in an inverse relationship to Estradiol and IGF-1.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutraceuticals in Prostate Disease: The Urologist's Role - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2556486

prostate disease natural medicine alternative medicine herbal therapies Saw Palmetto stinging nettle quercetin BPH prostatitis prostate cancer Zinc selenium vitamin E vitamin D calcium fiber bioflavonoids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Sep 15
     
    nice review of natural therapies on the prostate.
Nathan Goodyear

Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Benign Prostatic Hy... [Urol Int. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24862628

metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome men prostate BPH elderly male hormone hormones insulin resistance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 May 14
     
    Metabolic syndrome associated with increased risk of prostate enlargement in elderly Chinese men.  The study highlighted insulin resistance as a key risk.  Insulin resistance is known to increase aromatase activity and thus estrogen production which will increase prostate growth.
Nathan Goodyear

http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/27785.pdf - 0 views

cdn.intechopen.com/...27785.pdf

low T low testosterone low T Testosterone men male hormone hormones LUTS BPH prostate lower urinary tract symptoms

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jan 15
     
    Nice review of the literature of low T and LUTS in men.
Nathan Goodyear

In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Plant-Derived Cannabidiol on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines - 0 views

file.scirp.org/...5-2500510_47691.htm

CBD medical marijuana THC prostate BPH male men VEGF hormone hormones cancer PSA CSC cancer stem cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Feb 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Feb 19
     
    High CBD downregulates prostate CBD1, CBD2, chemosensitizes CSCs, suppressed cancer cell formation, down regulated IL-6 and IL-8, decreased PSA, and VEGF.
Nathan Goodyear

The Prostate Cancer Patient Had Higher C-Reactive Protein Than BPH Patient - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3580310

prostate cancer inflammation CRP

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jun 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jun 19
     
    positive correlation between serum CRP and tumor stage is observed in prostate cancer patients and a correlation was also observed between the rise in CRP and faster progression of the tumor. This result proves that inflammation participates in tumor progression
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