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Nathan Goodyear

Tissue-Specific Dysregulation of Cortisol Metabolism in Human Obesity - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...1418.short

11-betaHSD cortisone cortisol men obesity overweight fat adipose tissue adiposity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12
     
    dysregulated cortisol metabolism plays a role in obesity.  This study looked at obese men.  Decreased liver 11-betaHSD1 activity was found in the liver, with decreased cortisone to cortisol conversion.  Additionally, increase cortisol metabolites were found.  However, there was found to be an increase in 11-betaHSD1 activity in the adipose tissue increasing the cortisone to cortisol conversion indicating an increase in peripheral cortisol production.
Nathan Goodyear

Adrenocortical dysregulation as a major player in insulin resistance and onset of obesity - 0 views

ajpendo.physiology.org/...E1465.long

cortisol insulin resistance metabolic syndrome obesity overweight

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • acute GC secretion during stress mobilizes peripheral amino acids from muscle as well as fatty acids and glycerol from peripheral fat stores to provide substrates for glucose synthesis by the liver
  • chronically elevated GC levels alter body fat distribution and increase visceral adiposity as well as metabolic abnormalities in a fashion reminiscent of metabolic syndrome
  • This local production may play an important role in the onset of obesity and insulin resistance.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • In adipocytes, cortisol inhibits lipid mobilization in the presence of insulin, thus leading to triglyceride accumulation and retention.
  • Since the density of GC receptors is higher in intra-abdominal (visceral) fat than in other fat depots, the activity of cortisol leading to accumulation of fat is accentuated in visceral adipose tissue (24, 158), providing a mechanism by which excessive endogenous or exogenous GC lead to abdominal obesity and IR
  • obese patients generally have normal or subnormal plasma cortisol concentrations
  • This may be explained by an increased intratissular/cellular concentration of cortisol in adipose tissues
  • Intracellular GC may be produced from recycling of GC metabolites such as cortisone in adipose tissues
  • Local GC recycling metabolism is mediated by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes (11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2
  • Cortisol also increases 11β-HSD1 expression in human adipocytes
  • In humans, elevated 11β-HSD1 expression in visceral adipose tissue is also associated with obesity
  • even if obese patients generally have normal or subnormal plasma cortisol concentrations (131, 158), triglyceride accumulation in visceral adipose tissue may be due, at least in part, to the local production of GC in insulin- and GC-responsive organs such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Mar 12
     
    another nice article on the dysregulation of cortisol and its role in insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and obesity.
Nathan Goodyear

Associations of Salivary Cortisol Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: Th... - 0 views

www.medaus.com/index.php

metabolic syndrome salivary saliva cortisol testing hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Dec 11
     
    Salivary cortisol testing used to evaluate cortisol pattern in those with metabolic syndrome.  In this study, they found no difference in cortisol pattern in people with metabolic syndrome.
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity and Gender influence cortisol secretion and metabolism in man - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...1806.full.pdf

obesity obese overweight cortisol cortisone HPA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12
     
    This study reveals the degree of metabolism dysfunction in obesity. This study suggests that cortisol metabolism is increased in obesity, which results in increased HPA activity resulting in increased peripheral cortisol production. The question to be asked: is serum, salivary, and urinary cortisol results revealing the same function of cortisol. The answer is no.
Nathan Goodyear

Cortisol, serotonin and depression: all stressed out? - 0 views

bjp.rcpsych.org/...99.full

stress cortisol saliva salivary depression 5-HTP tryptophan

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 12
     
    Some with depression are found to have elevated salivary cortisol and others are not.  Likewise, some with depression have low serotonin and others do not.  The point is that the biochemistry of depression is complex and cortisol, serotonin, 5-HTP, tryptophan all may play a role in an individuals "depression".   One thing not included is the out.  How are these individuals metabolizing their cortisol?  As the author stated, some are hyper secretors of cortisol; why not hyper metabolizers?  Weibe has shown many are.
Nathan Goodyear

Urinary Cortisol and Cortisol Metabolite Excretion in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - 0 views

www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/...578.full

urinary cortisol metabolite metabolites saliva salivary hormone hormones CFS chronic fatigue syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12
     
    low cortisol is a frequent finding in chronic fatigue syndrome.  However, in the urine, the cortisol levels may be normal.  This is a reflection of increased metabolism of cortisol.  This is not a contradiction, but a metabolic effect.
Nathan Goodyear

Urinary Cortisol and Cortisol Metabolite Excretion in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - 0 views

www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/...578.full.pdf

CFS chronic fatigue syndrome salivary saliva cortisol metabolism metabolization

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12
     
    It has been suggested in the literature that low salivary cortisol is a common finding in those with chronic fatigue. This study found no difference in the cortisol metabolite excretion. This would suggest that an increase metabolization of cortisol exists in those with CFS.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Cortisol on Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism: Studies of Acute Co... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...3553.full

cortisol glucose glucose homeostasis insulin resistance T3

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 13
     
    This study they looked at the withdrawal of cortisol on glucose homeostasis.  The point is that cortisol has profound effects on glucose homeostasis.  Elevated cortisol or exogenous intake reduces T3 and increases insulin resistance.
Nathan Goodyear

Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary... [Growth Horm IGF Res. 2001] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11527096

cortisol cortisone obesity obese adipose tissue 11-betaHSD1 5-alpha reductase

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12
     
    obesity is associated with increased cortisol metabolism.  This would be found in increased urinary metabolites, especially via the 5-allpha reductase pathway.  Increased cortisone to cortisol production occurs via 11 beta-HSD1.  This occurs predominately in adipose tissue.  The thought here is cortisol metabolism is tissue specific and functionally different.
Nathan Goodyear

Salivary cortisol levels throughout childhood and ... [Pediatr Res. 1995] - PubMed result - 1 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...7596692

salivary cortisol

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jan 11 - No Cached
  • The measurement of salivary cortisol levels is an attractive way of testing adrenal function in infants and children. It provides a reliable tool for the determination of the physiology and developmental characteristics of cortisol metabolism.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jan 11
     
    salivary cortisol testing is "attractive and reliable" way to follow cortisol in children and adolescence
Nathan Goodyear

Increased Visceral Adiposity and Cortisol to Cortisone Ratio in Adults With Congenital ... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2132

fat adipose tissue adiposity visceral 11beta-HSD cortisol cortisone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 14
     
    Increased visceral adiposity results in increased 11beta-HSD that results in increased cortisone to cortisol production preference.  Cortisol production doesn't just come from the adrenals--it is also produced and metabolized in peripheral and visceral fat.
Nathan Goodyear

The Postprandial Rise in Plasma Cortisol in Men Is Mediated by Macronutrient-Specific S... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2013-2307

cortisol glucocorticoids macronutrients carbohydrates fats proteins nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jan 14
     
    Macronutrients provide some difference in cortisol production.  Carbs, in this study, were found to increase adrenal and extra-adrenal equally, whereas fats/proteins stimulated adrenal cortisol more than extra-adrenal.
Nathan Goodyear

Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and the Eff... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...3545.long

CFS chronic fatigue syndrome hydrocortisone cortisol fatigue adrenal fatigue hypoadrenia HPA adrenal insufficiency adrenal adrenals

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 May 12 - No Cached
  • We conclude that the improvement in fatigue seen in some patients with chronic fatigue syndrome during hydrocortisone treatment is accompanied by a reversal of the blunted cortisol responses to human CRH
  • These data further suggest that the hypocortisolism found in chronic fatigue syndrome may be secondary to reduced adrenal gland output.
  • 5-mg replacement dose of hydrocortisone, and the remainder 10 mg
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 May 12
     
    low dose hydrocortisone therapy (defined as 5-10 mg), in this study, was used to treat CFS.  This study found an improvement in symptoms in these patients.  Additionally, low cortisol was found in these patients with CFS.  Their conclusion, was that low adrenal function is a component of CFS and low dose hydrocortisone therapy is an effective treatment.   Now, is the low cortisol as the result of increased metabolism as well?
Nathan Goodyear

A prospective study of diurnal cortisol and cognitive function in community-dwelling el... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2894868

cognitive decline cognition saliva salivary cortisol urinary elderly stress hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Feb 12
     
    High salivary cortisol and decrease metabolism of cortisol (urinary) is associated with increased cognitive decline in the elderly.
Nathan Goodyear

Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I and th... [Horm Res. 2001] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11786677

HGH growth hormone GH insulin resistance cortisol cortisone obesity adipose tissue adipocytes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • GH deficiency effectively increases cortisol production in key target tissues including liver and adipose tissue, promoting insulin resistance and visceral adiposity
  • GH/IGF-I modulation of cortisol metabolism may underpin the pathogenesis of common diseases such as central obesity
  • Patients with central obesity but with no evidence of hypopituitarism have relative GH deficiency and it is exciting to speculate that low-dose GH treatment in this group, by inhibiting cortisol generation within omental fat, may offer a novel therapeutic approach.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Mar 12
     
    GH plays a key regulating role in obesity.  GH deficiency promotes increased cortisone to cortisol production in adipose tissue and liver.  This promotes insulin resistance and obesity. 
Nathan Goodyear

Cortisol Measures Across the Weight Spectrum: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & M... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...JC.2015-2078

cortisol saliva salivary hormones salivary testing saliva testing obesity hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 15
     
    only abstract available.  elevated cortisol associated with the extremes: anorexia and severe obesity.  Mild obesity was associated with low cortisol.
Nathan Goodyear

http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/v24/n2s/pdf/0801281a.pdf?origin=publication_detail - 0 views

www.nature.com/...0801281a.pdf

SHBG IR insulin resistance insulin Estrogen Estradiol obesity hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15
     
    Elevated insulin levels in men is associated with decreased liver production of SHBG and thus reduced SHBG levels.  Obesity is associated with decreased urinary cortisol in this study.  The authors found the low cortisol also contributed to the low SHBG as well. Low SHBG is associated with puberty, obesity, IR, hypothyroidism, and during androgen therapy.  SHBG is increased as a result of aging, short-term fasting, Estrogen, hyperthyroid, and liver disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Association between the Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Cortisol in Overweight Latino Youth - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...1372.abstract

metabolic syndrome cortisol obesity overweight children pediatrics youth

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 Aug 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 Aug 11
     
    As the number of components of metabolic syndrome increase: so does the am cortisol in children
Nathan Goodyear

HPA Axis Reactivity and Lymphocyte Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in Fibromyalgia Syndrome ... - 0 views

www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/...65.abstract

fibromyalgia saliva salivary cortisol urinary metabolites stress HPA

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Apr 12
     
    Individuals with Fibromyalgia shown to have lowered salivary cortisol levels.  This study suggested that this could be due to reduced adrenal reactivity to ACTH.  Another thought, is there increased metabolism of cortisol in these clients.  This would be found in the urinary metabolites.
Nathan Goodyear

Cortisol Metabolism in Human Obesity: Impaired Cortisone→Cortisol Conversion ... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...1022.long

cortisone stress cortisol 11beta-HSD obesity overweight metabolism human

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 12
     
    impaired cortisone to cortisol found in obese individuals.  This occurred through a decrease in 11beta-HSD type 1 activity.
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