a recent study has suggested that it may sometimes be inaccurate because of abnormal fluctuation of other circulating androgens
Group items matching
in title, tags, annotations or url
17More
Transdermal testosterone replacement therapy in men - 0 views
-
-
Testosterone therapy can inhibit hepcidin transcription and is associated with increased iron incorporation into red blood cells and increased erythropoietin concentrations
-
Transdermal TRT has a more favorable adverse effect profile when compared to buccal testosterone formulations
- ...13 more annotations...
-
the recommendation for injectable testosterone esters is to check the serum concentration midway between injections
-
it is recommended for serum testosterone to be evaluated 3 to 12 hours after application of the transdermal patch
-
testosterone concentrations should be checked 2–3 months after initiation of therapy and after adjusting the dose
-
a study from 1989 utilizing testosterone transdermally containing 5, 10, or 15 mg of testosterone showed that peak concentrations of testosterone were achieved 3 to 8 hours after scrotal application in hypogonadal men
-
It is used for many medications and has the advantage of high bioavailability, absence of hepatic first pass metabolism, increased therapeutic efficacy, and steadiness of plasma concentrations of the drug
-
increased amount of fat leads to increased extragonadal aromatase activity, resulting in increased concentrations of estradiol. High circulating concentrations of estradiol down regulate the HPG axis and decrease the amount of circulating testosterone
-
Up to 80% of plasma estradiol originates from aromatization of testosterone and less than 20% of estradiol in the circulation is secreted by the testes
-
A PSA concentration, digital rectal examination, and hematocrit should be performed at baseline and at 3 months, 6 months, then yearly after TRT is initiated.
-
measure serum testosterone any time after the patient has been on treatment with gel for at least 1 week
20More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
- No Cached
Hormonal Modulation in Aging Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3888699
low T Testosterone hypogonadism MetS metabolic syndrome men male hormone hormones
![](/images/link.gif)
-
Hypogonadism and MetS are strongly associated [12, 13, 16], having even been demonstrated that with the increasing number of MetS parameters there is a proportional raise in the incidence of hypogonadism
-
the presence of MetS did not prove to be a significant determinant of hypogonadism, as it did not lead to a decline in T levels, in MetS patients with already established hypogonadism, the increasing number of MetS features was associated with further decline in T
- ...15 more annotations...
-
In the setting of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and increased WC have been reported as the most important determinants of hypogonadism
-
recent literature consistently associates obesity not only with higher risk of hypogonadism [4, 6, 27] but also with lower T levels
-
Visceral adiposity has been particularly related with reduction of T and SHBG levels (independent of other metabolic disorders)
-
WC was one of the MetS parameters with the greatest influence in T levels decrease, presenting itself as a strong risk factor for hypogonadism development
-
MetS-related T decline was not accompanied by an increase in pituitary LH levels, suggesting impairment in gonadotropin secretion
-
The molecules behind this smoothing compensatory effect of GnRH/LH are still unknown, but estrogens and insulin, as well as leptin, TNF-α, and other adipokines, were proposed candidates
-
fat stores undertake an increase aromatization of androgens, therefore raising estrogen levels [9, 15], which in turn decrease LH secretion
-
our data contradicts the concept that estradiol exerts a negative feedback on hypothalamic GnRH secretion
-
taking into account that high estradiol levels have already been described as the only abnormality in a subset of patients with ED, the hypothesis that the later might not only be caused by androgen deficiency is becoming increasingly evident
-
it has been reported that the chronic exposure to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), widely used for the treatment of ED, may influence serum estradiol levels
-
thyroid disorders (specially hyperthyroidism) have been related to ED and hypogonadism, and so must be considered in a sexual-dysfunction setting
-
It is clear from the current literature that collecting a more thorough hormonal panel might be a wise approach to further uncover hormonal relations
-
We concluded that in ED patients with hypogonadism and MetS, the attenuated response of HPG axis (normal or low LH levels) might not always be due to an underlying adiposity-dependent estrogen-raising effect.
-
our findings indicate that ED, aging, and estradiol might have a stronger connection than what is currently described in the literature.
18More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Mar 14
- No Cached
Testosterone deficiency syndrome and cardiovascular health: An assessment of beliefs, k... - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3929476
low T Testosterone cardiovascular disease physicians men male hormone hormones
![](/images/link.gif)
-
Testosterone deficiency has a prevalence of 7% in the general population, rising to 20% in elderly males
-
Males with CAD have lower testosterone levels than those with normal coronary angiograms of the same age,5 suggesting that the prevalence of testosterone deficiency is much higher in the CAD population
- ...14 more annotations...
-
Men with hypertension, another established risk factor for CAD, have lower testosterone compared to normotensive men
-
Recent meta-analyses showed that testosterone levels are generally lower among patients with metabolic syndrome, regardless of the various definitions of metabolic syndrome that are used
-
Testosterone (total and bioavailable) and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) are inversely associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men between the ages of 40 and 80, and this association persists across racial and ethnic backgrounds
-
Low testosterone levels have been related to increased insulin resistance and cardiovascular mortality,12 even in the absence of overt type 2 diabetes mellitus.
-
testosterone levels (total and bioavailable) in middle-aged men are inversely correlated with insulin resistance
-
The Massachusetts Male Aging Study (MMAS) demonstrated that low levels of testosterone and SHBG are independent risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes,
-
There is an inverse linear correlation between body mass index (BMI) and wait-to-hip ratio with testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels.
-
Testosterone supplementation for 1 year in hypogonadal men has been shown to cause a significant improvement in body weight, BMI, waist size, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein levels
-
TRT for 3 months in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes significantly improved fasting insulin sensitivity, fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin.
-
Testosterone replacement can improve angina symptoms and delay the onset of cardiac ischemia, likely through a coronary vasodilator mechanism
-
ADT is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality.
-
ADT significantly increases fat mass, decreases lean body mass,29,30 increases fasting plasma insulin and decreases insulin sensitivity31 and increases serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
-
Startling study on the knowledge of Testosterone and cardiovascular disease in general practitioners and cardiologists in Canada. Eight-eight percent did not screen patients with cardiovascular disease for low Testosterone. A whopping 67% of physicians did not know that low T was a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet 62% believed Testosterone would increase exercise tolerance. The lack of knowledge displayed by physicians today is staggering and is an indictment of the governing bodies. This was a survey conducted in Canada so there are obvious limitations to the strength/conclusion of this study.
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Jul 13
- No Cached
Loss-of-Function Mutation in Toll-Like Receptor 4 Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Ins... - 0 views
diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/...1986.long
TLR-4 TLR4 toll like receptors high fat diet LPS endotoxin insulin resistance IR obesity
![](/images/link.gif)
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Aug 13
- No Cached
Adipose Tissue Macrophages Are Innate to the Immunological Awareness of Adipose Tissue - 0 views
diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/...2656.extract
adipose tissue obesity inflammation inflammatory cytokines fat
![](/images/link.gif)
4More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Sep 13
- No Cached
Testosterone Concentrations in Women Aged 25-50 Years: Associations with Lifestyle, Bod... - 0 views
aje.oxfordjournals.org/...256.full
women testosterone inflammation hormone hormones disease obesity overweight smoking
![](/images/link.gif)
-
Increasing weight was associated with increasing total testosterone concentration at every examination
-
Measures of body composition were consistently associated with testosterone concentrations in a dose-response relation
1More
Phen375 Phentemine Fat Burner - 0 views
-
Phen375 is a pharmacy grade food supplement with diet program included - both extensive diet plans and exercise video instructions. It is great choice for people who look for that extra to help them with losing weight and getting motivation. Phen375 is food supplement and would greatly compliment your existing weight loss and dieting promotions (especially those attracting American search traffic). Why to promote Phen375 - Most paying weight loss sector merchant - One of highest EPC amongst diet products - Most profitable merchant for the affiliates in 2011, 2012 and 2013 - Reorder ratios ranging between 21- 33% - Top range conversion rates Phen375 offers highly converting website, ensuring you get highest return possible on your traffic. Also you will find wealth of resources, such as articles, product images and banners to help with your promotions. Also if you have any questions or need help with promotions, please contact Phen375's dedicated affiliate manager - Catherine Day. You can see her details on the right.
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14
- No Cached
Effects of Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism on Noradrenergic Activity and Glycerol Concentrati... - 0 views
press.endocrine.org/...jc.2003-030576
thyroid hormone adipose tissue adipose fat obesity metabolism noradrenaline norepinephrine
![](/images/link.gif)
6More
Normal Flora - Medical Microbiology - NCBI Bookshelf - 0 views
-
95 to 99 percent belong to anaerobic genera such as Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium
- ...2 more annotations...
-
hese genera proliferate, occupy most available niches, and produce metabolic waste products such as acetic, butyric, and lactic acids
-
Anaerobic bacteria can then deconjugate bile acids in this region and bind available vitamin B12 so that the vitamin and fats are malabsorbed
7More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15
- No Cached
Clostridium scindens: a human gut microbe with a high potential to convert glucocortico... - 0 views
www.jlr.org/...2437.full
gut microbiota gut microbiome gut bacteria androgens hormones clostridium scindens
![](/images/link.gif)
-
During the enterohepatic circulation (EC), bile salts are synthesized in the liver, concentrated in the gallbladder, and function in the lumen of the small intestine to absorb dietary lipids and limit microbial growth at the site of nutrient uptake
-
Bile acid 7α/β-dehydroxylating bacteria are organisms capable of converting primary bile acids made by the host to harmful secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid, and lithocholic acid
-
These bacteria normally comprise a small proportion of the gut microbiota (∼103–104/g wet weight) and consist of species within the genus Clostridium
- ...3 more annotations...
-
C. scindens and a small number of species belonging to the genus Clostridium are responsible for significant alterations in the human bile acid pool composition through bile acid 7α/β dehydroxylation
-
bile acids play an important role in maintaining intestinal barrier function as antimicrobial agents in the small bowel (37, 38) and inducers of antimicrobial peptides
-
Perturbations in the biliary bile acid pool composition can be indicative of hepatogastrointestinal diseases such as fat malabsorption (40), gallstones (3), gastrointestinal cancers (41), and possibly type II diabetes
32More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15
- No Cached
PLOS ONE: Probiotic Microbes Sustain Youthful Serum Testosterone Levels and Testicular ... - 0 views
journals.plos.org/...article
hormone hormones low T low Testosterone hypogonadism Testosterone probiotic L reuters probiotics Lactobacillus lactobacillus reuteri male aging
![](/images/link.gif)
-
Studies in both humans and rodents, however, suggest that low testosterone is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular luteinizing hormone metabolism
-
Various dietary factors and diet-induced obesity have been shown to increase the risk for late onset male hypogonadism and low testosterone production in both humans and mice
-
Testosterone deficiency and metabolic diseases such as obesity appear to inter-digitate in complex cause-and-effect relationships
- ...28 more annotations...
-
dietary supplementation of aged mice with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri makes them appear to be younger than their matched untreated sibling mice
-
These results indicate that gut microbiota induce modulation of local gastrointestinal immunity resulting in systemic effects on the immune system which activate metabolic pathways that restore tissue homeostasis and overall health
-
all these studies we consistently observed that young and aged mice consuming purified L. reuteri organisms had particularly large testes and a dominant male behavior.
-
The testes of probiotic-fed aged mice were rescued from both seminiferous tubule atrophy and interstitial Leydig cell area reduction typical of the normal aging process. Preservation of testicular architecture despite advanced age or high-fat diet coincided with remarkably high levels of circulating testosterone. The beneficial effects of probiotic consumption were recapitulated by the depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17.
-
feeding of L. reuteri consistently increased the gonadal weights, consumption of a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 organisms did not affect testicular weight
-
mice with dietary L. reuteri supplements were rescued from diet-induced obesity and had normal body weight and lean physique
-
Despite the comparable numbers of ST profiles, we determined that testes from L. reuteri-treated mice had increased ST cross-sectioned profiles
-
the probiotic organism induced prominent Leydig cell accumulations in the interstitial tissue between the ST's
-
The probiotic-associated increase of interstitial Leydig cell areas was sustained with advancing age at 7 (CD vs CD+LR, P = 0.0025; CD+E.coli vs CD+LR, P = 0.0251) and 12 months
-
mice eating L. reuteri had profoundly increased levels of circulating testosterone regardless of the type of diet they consumed
-
blocking pro-inflammatory Il-17 signaling entirely recapitulates the beneficial effects of probiotics
-
previous studies we found that dietary probiotics counteract obesity [19] and age-related integumentary pathology [18] at least in part by down-regulating systemic pro-inflammatory IL-17A-dependent signaling
-
Testes histomorphometry and serum androgen concentration data were both suggestive of a probiotic-associated up-regulation of spermatogenesis in mice
-
Lactobacillus reuteri we discovered that aging male animals had larger testes compared to their age-matched controls
-
xamined testes of probiotic microbe-fed mice and found that they had less testicular atrophy coinciding with higher levels of circulating testosterone compared to their age-matched controls
-
Similar testicular health benefits were produced using systemic depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17 alone, implicating a chronic inflammatory pathway in hypogonadism
-
One specific aspect of this paradigm is reciprocal activities of pro-inflammatory Th-17 and anti-inflammatory Treg cells
-
Feeding of L. reuteri organisms was previously shown to up-regulate IL-10 levels and reduce levels of IL-17 [19] serving to lower systemic inflammation
-
insufficient levels of IL-10 may increase the risk for autoimmunity, obesity, and other inflammatory disease syndromes
-
Westernized diets are also low in vitamin D, a nutrient that when present normally works together with IL-10 to protect against inflammatory disorders
-
The hormone testosterone has been shown to act directly through androgen receptors on CD4+ cells to increase IL-10 expression
-
studies in both humans and rodents suggest that hypogonadism is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular LH metabolism
-
We postulate that probiotic gut microbes function symbiotically with their mammalian hosts to impart immune homeostasis to maintain systemic and testicular health [34]–[35] despite suboptimal dietary conditions.
-
Dietary factors and diet-induced obesity were previously shown to increase risk for age-associated male hypogonadism, reduced spermatogenesis, and low testosterone production in both humans and mice [2]–[4], [8]–[11], [14]–[17], phenotypic features that in this study were inhibited by oral probiotic therapy absent milk sugars, extra protein, or vitamin D supplied in yogurt.
-
Similar beneficial effects of probiotic microbes on testosterone levels and sperm indices were reported in male mice that had been simultaneously supplemented with selenium
-
L. reuteri-associated prevention of age- and diet-related testicular atrophy correlates with increased numbers and size of Leydig cells
-
the initial changes of testicular atrophy begin to occur in mice from the age of 6 moths onwards [7] and indicates that the trophic effect of L. reuteri on Leydig cells is a key event which precedes and prevents age-related changes in the testes of mice. This effect is reminiscent of earlier studies describing Leydig cell hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy in the mouse and the rat testis that were achievable by the administration of gonadotropins, including human chorionic gonadotropin, FSH and LH
12More
Metabolic Effects of Dietary Fiber Consumption and Prevention of Diabetes - 0 views
-
DF are highly complex substances that can be described as any nondigestible carbohydrates and lignins not degraded in the upper gut
-
Commonly, DF are classified according to their solubility in water, even though grading according to viscosity, gel-forming capabilities, or fermentation rate by the gut microbiota might be physiologically more relevant
- ...8 more annotations...
-
n increased intake of total DF was inversely associated with markers of insulin resistance in several studies
-
consumption of insoluble DF increased whole body glucose disposal independent of changes in body weight in both short-term and more prolonged studies
-
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced by bacterial fermentation of indigestible DF polysaccharides in the colon
-
increased production of SCFA is assumed to be beneficial by reducing hepatic glucose output and improving lipid homeostasis
-
a high DF diet (oligofructose) reduced gram-negative bacterial content and body weight, whereas a high fat diet increased the proportion of a gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) containing microbiota in humans
-
Prospective cohort studies indicate that diets high in insoluble cereal DF and whole grains might reduce diabetes risk
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Aug 15
- No Cached
Plasma fatty acids as predictors of glycaemia and type 2 diabetes. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...26277381
diabetes glucose palmitoleic acid linoleic acid essential fatty acids Fats
![](/images/link.gif)
9More
A strong association between biologically active testosterone and leptin in non-obese m... - 0 views
-
There is a growing bulk of evidence suggesting that testosterone may influence leptin levels. Testosterone administration reduces leptin levels in hypogonadal27,28 and eugonadal men
- ...5 more annotations...
-
testosterone suppression by GnRH agonist treatment of central precocious puberty in boys increases leptin levels
-
Testosterone levels decreased with increasing central obesity in healthy men, while they increase with increasing obesity in healthy women, the latter irrespective of menstrual status
-
this could be due to obesity-related hyperleptinemia that inhibits testosterone secretion at the testicular level.46,47 These changes, which are proposed to be components of the insulin resistance syndrome,48 are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease in both men and women
-
in the more obese subjects, the higher leptin levels due to increased adiposity might reduce secretion of testosterone
-
loss of regulation of leptin by testosterone in obese men and women could be an important feature of the insulin resistance syndrome
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jun 15
- No Cached
Estrogens and Their Genotoxic Metabolites Are Increased in Obese Prepubertal Girls: The... - 0 views
press.endocrine.org/...jc.2015-1495
obesity fat Estrogen hormones hormone Estradiol 16-alpha-OH-estrone 16alpha-OH-estrone estrogen metabolites IL-6 inflammation
![](/images/link.gif)
1More
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Aug 15
- No Cached
The ISME Journal - Modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation o... - 0 views
www.nature.com/...ismej201499a.html
gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota lactobacillus bifidobacterium obesity metabolic syndrome akkermansia muciniphila
![](/images/link.gif)
3More
Effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid omega-3 fat... [Menopause. 2009 Mar-Apr] - PubMe... - 0 views
-
Effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on hot flashes and quality of life among middle-aged women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
-
Supplementation with E-EPA omega-3 fatty acid reduced HF frequency and improved the HF score relative to placebo
2More
Dietary factors and growth and metabolism in experimental tumors - 0 views
-
Linoleic acid (LA), an essential n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), was identified as an agent in dietary fat that is responsible for an up-regulation of tumor growth in vivo