Obesity - Inducible Toll-like Receptor and NF-[kappa]B Regulatory Pathway Expression in... - 0 views
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TLRs are functionally inducible and associated with downstream NF-B activation and proinflammatory cytokine production.
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TLRs represent a family of receptors that are critical to the innate immune response against foreign pathogens and microorganisms
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LPS has been shown to induce proinflammatory chemokine gene expression in differentiated human adipocytes through TLR and NF-B action
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Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases - 0 views
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Serum concentrations of BCAAs are decreased, while the concentrations of the aromatic amino acids (AAAs) phenylalanine and tyrosine are increased, in patients with advanced liver diseases, resulting in a low ratio of BCAAs to AAAs, a ratio called the Fischer ratio
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BCAAs were reported to stimulate the production of hepatocyte growth factor
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a simplified Fischer ratio, the BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR), has been reported useful for predicting serum albumin concentration one year later
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Mechanism of IL-1β-Induced Increase in Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junction P... - 0 views
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The IL-1β-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) permeability has been postulated to be an important mechanism contributing to intestinal inflammation of Crohn’s disease and other inflammatory conditions of the gut
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the role of myosin L chain kinase (MLCK)
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IL-1β caused a progressive increase in MLCK protein expression.
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IN THIS ISSUE - The Journal of Immunology - 0 views
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t has been suggested that increased permeability of intestinal epithelial tight junctions (TJ) in these diseases is mediated by proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β,
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Al-Sadi et al. (p. 5653 ) hypothesized that myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), which is known to be important for intestinal TJ permeability, could mediate IL-1β-induced disruption of the epithelial barrier
α-Lipoic acid increases energy expenditure by enhancing adenosine monophospha... - 0 views
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LA improves skeletal muscle energy metabolism
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LA increases lean mass loss
Fructose: A Key Factor in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension - 0 views
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HFCS consists of fructose and glucose mixed in a variety of concentrations, but most commonly as 55% fructose and 45% glucose
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In the United States, HFCS and sucrose are the major sources of fructose in the diet, and HFCS is a major ingredient in soft drinks, pastries, desserts, and various processed foods
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fructose and glucose are metabolized in completely different ways and utilize different GLUT transporters
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Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views
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Treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia with hypertonic IV infusion to correct plasma sodium levels is also a standard and accepted use of IV fluid infusions
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athletes who present for medical care with hypernatremia who cannot tolerate oral fluids can benefit from IV fluids
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Vaporization of sweat accounts for 80% of heat loss in hot, dry atmospheric conditions. This mechanism of water loss is the major contributor for exercise-associated dehydration
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BMC Cancer | Full text | A lactate shuttle system between tumour and stromal cells is a... - 0 views
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Under hypoxic conditions, tumour cells primarily use glycolysis for energy, producing lactate, which is expelled to the tumour microenvironment, allowing tumours to continue their glycolytic activity
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Sonveaux et al. showed that lactate, which is generally considered a waste product, is preferred over glucose by oxidative tumour cells as their primary energy source
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MCT4 is a low-affinity transporter, which is abundant in highly glycolytic muscle cells and is one of the many target genes of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)
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Antitumor activity of dichloroacetate on C6 glioma cell: in vitro and in vivo evaluation - 0 views
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the oral bioavailability of DCA is nearly 100%
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the oral bioavailability of DCA is almost 100%.
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DCA can penetrate into the traditional chemotherapy sanctuary sites. Interestingly, it was reported that DCA could penetrate across the BBB,30 exhibiting the potential activity for brain therapy.
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