Group items tagged

dysregulated cortisol metabolism plays a role in obesity.  This study looked at obese men.  Decreased liver 11-betaHSD1 activity was found in the liver, with decreased cortisone to cortisol conversion.  Additionally, increase cortisol metabolites were found.  However, there was found to be an increase in 11-betaHSD1 activity in the adipose tissue increasing the cortisone to cortisol conversion indicating an increase in peripheral cortisol production.

impaired cortisone to cortisol found in obese individuals.  This occurred through a decrease in 11beta-HSD type 1 activity.

increased 11-betaHSD type 1 and increased 5-alpha reductase activity found to be associated with generalized obesity in men.  Both indicate increased cortisone to cortisol production.  

Increased visceral adiposity results in increased 11beta-HSD that results in increased cortisone to cortisol production preference.  Cortisol production doesn't just come from the adrenals--it is also produced and metabolized in peripheral and visceral fat.

Abstract only available.  Cortisol-cortisone shuttle play a role in hypertension.  Those with 11betaHSD type II defects will have elevated blood pressure due to increase in mineralcorticoids.

Areas of high exposure of Dioxin in Vietnam found to have associated elevated salivary cortisol, cortisone, and DHEA.  Now, this can only be seen as an association, but they did find these elevations only in the "hot spots" and not in low exposure areas.

obesity is associated with increased cortisol metabolism.  This would be found in increased urinary metabolites, especially via the 5-allpha reductase pathway.  Increased cortisone to cortisol production occurs via 11 beta-HSD1.  This occurs predominately in adipose tissue.  The thought here is cortisol metabolism is tissue specific and functionally different.

LC-MS/MS shown to be reliable in salivary cortisol evaluation.  Obese individuals create special challenges with regards to coritsol levels, due to peripheral cortisol to cortisone conversion.   This study points out that saliva should not be used solely in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome due to unreferenced norms.   That however, doesn't nullify salivary cortisol.  It requires a look at the references.  for those that are obese and being evaluated for cushing's.  There is no perfect test.  T This study is a little misleading in its conclusion.  Salivary testing is valid, but the reference ranges in the obese with suspected cushing's syndrome needs further evaluation: according to these authors.

adipocytes increase genetic expression of 11beta-HSD. This increases local cortisol production from cortisone.  This plays a pivotal role in obesity.  Question:  would this play a role in peripheral hypothyroid?  I think so.

obese individuals have increased expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I, which converts cortisone to cortisol.

GH plays a key regulating role in obesity.  GH deficiency promotes increased cortisone to cortisol production in adipose tissue and liver.  This promotes insulin resistance and obesity. 

fat cells appear to have elevated expression of 11beta-hydroxysteriod dehydrogenase type I, which results in increased conversion of cortisol to cortisone.

salivary cortisol  shown to be good measurement tool of free circulating cortisol. 

mechanism of how cortisol acts as a mineralcorticoid in those with dysfunctional 11-beta HSD activity.

Great editorial on the complex metabolism of the cortisol:cortisone shunt.

This study reveals the degree of metabolism dysfunction in obesity. This study suggests that cortisol metabolism is increased in obesity, which results in increased HPA activity resulting in increased peripheral cortisol production. The question to be asked: is serum, salivary, and urinary cortisol results revealing the same function of cortisol. The answer is no.

another nice article on the dysregulation of cortisol and its role in insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and obesity.

11beta-HSD type I and type II are no equally expressed across all tissues.  Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) inhibit both.

Overtraining syndrome described.