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Nathan Goodyear

The effect of testosterone and fenofibrate, administered alone or in combination, on ca... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...26031507

Testosterone hormones cardiovascular disease hsCRP insulin insulin resistance insulin sensitivity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 15
     
    This study looked at oral Testosterone plus fenofibrate (tricor).  That is not the purpose of this post.  This study found that oral Testosterone decanoate reduced hsCRP and improved insulin sensitivity.  One caveat--Testosterone should not be given orally due to increased risk of hepatocellular cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Preventing Chronic Disease | Plasma Vitamin D and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Disease... - 0 views

www.cdc.gov/...12_0230.htm

vitamin D CRP cardiovascular disease CVD vitamin D

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jun 13
     
    Higher vitamin D levels associated with lower cardio biomarkers: insulin, insulin resistance, triglycerides, TC, LDL and TC:HDL.  Not found to be associated: glucose, apoliporotein A1 and B, CRP, fibrinogen, and homocysteine.
Nathan Goodyear

Cortisol, Testosterone, and Coronary Heart Disease - 0 views

www.cenegenicsfoundation.org/..._From_The_Caerphilly_Study.pdf

cortisol:testosterone cortisol testosterone ischemic heart disease CVD CAD insulin resistance cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jun 12
     
    Cortisol:Testosterone ratio associated with statistical increase risk of ischemic heart disease. This was mediated through the insulin resistance.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Dis... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3448089

dysbiosis diet nutrition metabolic endotoxemia disease inflammation gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • The gut microbiota participates in the body’s metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders
  • Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes represent the two largest phyla in the human and mouse microbiota and a shift in the ratio of these phyla has been associated with many disease conditions, including obesity
  • In obese humans, there is decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes compared to lean individuals
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • weight loss in obese individuals results in an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes
  • there is conflicting evidence on the composition of the obese microbiota phenotype with regards to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes ratios
  • Bifidobacteria spp. from the phyla Actinobacteria, has been shown to be depleted in both obese mice and human subjects
  • While it is not yet clear which specific microbes are inducing or preventing obesity, evidence suggests that the microbiota is a factor.
  • targeted manipulation of the microbiota results in divergent metabolic outcomes depending on the composition of the diet
  • The microbiota has been linked to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes (T2D) via metabolic syndrome and indeed the microbiota of individuals with T2D is also characterized by an increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, as well as an increase in Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp
  • It was also observed that the ratio of Bacteriodes-Prevotella to C. coccoides-E. rectale positively correlated with glucose levels but did not correlate with body mass index [80]. This suggests that the microbiota may influence T2D in conjunction with or independently of obesity
  • In humans, high-fat Western-style diets fed to individuals over one month can induce a 71% increase in plasma levels of endotoxins, suggesting that endotoxemia may develop in individuals with GI barrier dyfunction connected to dysbiosis
  • LPS increases macrophage infiltration essential for systemic inflammation preceding insulin resistance, LPS alone does not impair glucose metabolism
  • early treatment of dysbiosis may slow down or prevent the epidemic of metabolic diseases and hence the corresponding lethal cardiovascular consequences
  • increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, which is the microbial profile found in lean phenotypes, along with an increase in Bifidobacteria spp. and Lactobacillus spp
  • mouse and rat models of T1D have been shown to have microbiota marked by decreased diversity and decreased Lactobacillus spp., as well as a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio
  • microbial antigens through the innate immune system are involved in T1D progression
  • The microbiota appears to be essential in maintaining the Th17/Treg cell balance in intestinal tissues, mesenteric and pancreatic lymph nodes, and in developing insulitis, although progression to overt diabetes has not been shown to be controlled by the microbiota
  • There is evidence that dietary and microbial antigens independently influence T1D
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 protects BB-rats from T1D by mediating intestinal barrier function and inflammation [101,102] and a combination probiotic VSL#3 has been shown to attenuate insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice
  • breast fed infants have higher levels of Bifidobacteria spp. while formula fed infants have higher levels of Bacteroides spp., as well as increased Clostridium coccoides and Lactobacillus spp
  • the composition of the gut microbiota strongly correlates with diet
  • In mice fed a diet high in fat, there are many key gut population changes, such as the absence of gut barrier-protecting Bifidobacteria spp
  • diet has a dominating role in shaping gut microbiota and changing key populations may transform healthy gut microbiota into a disease-inducing entity
  • “Western” diet, which is high in sugar and fat, causes dysbiosis which affects both host GI tract metabolism and immune homeostasis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14
     
    Nice discussion of how diet, induces gut bacterial change, that leads to metabolic endotoxemia and disease.
Nathan Goodyear

[Plasma testosterone, obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes]. - Abstract - Europe Pu... - 0 views

europepmc.org/...24268958

low T Testosterone cardiovascular disease metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome MetS diabetes insulin resistance obesity men male hormones hormone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Mar 14
     
    Androgen deprivation therapy leads to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type II diabetes in men. Testosterone therapy in men with IR, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type II Diabetes will result in improved cardiovascular risk.  
Nathan Goodyear

Adverse Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy and... [Eur Urol. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25097095

androgen deprivation therapy ADT prostate men male cancer cardiovascular disease obesity diabetes fatigue muscle loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Aug 14
     
    Androgen deprivation Therapy is full of risks--of particular is cardiovascular disease, obesity, fatigue, diabetes, insulin resistance...
Nathan Goodyear

Beyond the male sex hormone: deciphering the metabolic and vascular actions of testoste... - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...C1.full

AR androgen receptors androgen receptor testosterone androgen receptors Diabetes metabolic syndrome MetS CVD cardiovascular disease men hormone hormones male

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 13 - No Cached
  • androgen deprivation therapy results in unfavorable changes in body composition, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia and predisposes men to develop atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality
  • The hypogonadal–obesity cycle hypothesis was originally proposed by Cohen in 1999 to explain the relationship between low testosterone levels and metabolic disease. It was based on the finding that obesity impairs testosterone levels by increasing the aromatization of testosterone to estradiol, while low testosterone levels promote increased fat deposition
  • adipocytokines contribute to low testosterone levels as well as to the processes underlying metabolic syndromes and type 2 diabetes
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • hypogonadal–obesity–adipocytokine hypothesis
  • The presence of estradiol and the adipocytokines TNF-α, IL6, and leptin (as a result of leptin resistance in obesity) inhibits the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis response to decreasing androgen levels
  • An increasing number of studies have illustrated the potential for applying metabolomics to the field of androgen research
  • As early as the 1940s, the therapeutic use of testosterone was reported to improve angina pectoris in men with coronary artery disease
  • most of the epidemiological studies reported increased cardiovascular risk and mortality in men with low testosterone levels
  • long-term testosterone replacement appears to be a safe and effective means of treating hypogonadal elderly men
  • a recent interventional trial showed that testosterone treatment was associated with decreased mortality when compared with no testosterone treatment in an observational cohort of men with low testosterone levels
  • a number of short-term studies conducted support the notion that testosterone therapy reduces the cardiovascular risk
  • The majority of animal studies support the hypothesis that the actions of testosterone on vascular relaxation are both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatory effects
  • Endothelial-dependent actions of testosterone increase the expression or activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and enhance nitric oxide production, which in turn activates cyclic guanosine monophosphate to induce vasorelaxation in smooth muscle cells
  • Endothelial-independent mechanisms of testosterone are believed to occur primarily via inhibition of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels and/or activation of K+ channels in smooth muscle cells
  • Testosterone may also inhibit intracellular Ca2+ influx via store-operated Ca2+ channels by blocking the response to prostaglandin F2α
  • testosterone has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects to protect against atherogenesis in animal studies
  • both genomic AR activation to modulate gene transcription and non-genomic activation to modulate the rapid intracellular signaling pathways of ion channels may mediate testosterone effects on vascular function and inflammation.
  • Butenandt & Ruzicka first showed how testosterone is synthesized and responsible for masculine characteristics in the early 1930s
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 13
     
    Awesome review on the current understanding of Testosterone and Diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and CVD.  This article even goes into the literature on androgen receptors.
Nathan Goodyear

ENDOGENOUS SEX HORMONES, BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE, AND RISK OF HYPERTENSION IN POSTMENOPAU... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3428144

hormone hormones Testosterone Estradiol Estrogen women CVD cardiovascular disease female SHBG hypertension post-menopause blood pressure

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Among postmenopausal women, serum T was elevated in hypertensive participants [9, 11, 12], and total T, free T, and DHEA were positively correlated with SBP
  • T and DHEA were attenuated by adjustment for BMI, reflecting either a confounding or a mediating effect of obesity
  • SHBG concentration was inversely associated with risk of hypertension and longitudinal rise of BP over time
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • SHBG has been postulated as a marker for insulin resistance
  • In vitro studies showed that insulin inhibits SHBG production from hepatoma cells
  • In intervention studies, successful weight loss and weight maintenance increased SHBG in men with obesity
  • E2 may also induce insulin resistance and thereafter tend to raise BP.
  • strong association between E2 and measures of insulin resistance in postmenopausal women, independent of adiposity
  • In postmenopausal women that received hormone replacement therapy, estrogen therapy increased mononuclear cell secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)
  • estrone levels were positively associated with inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women
  • higher baseline concentrations of endogenous E2, total and bioavailable T, and DHEA and lower concentration of SHBG were associated with a higher incidence of hypertension and a greater increase in BP during follow-up
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Data from MESA study finds that increasing endogenous Estradiol, Total and free Testosterone, DHEA, and lower SHBG were associated with hypertension in postmenopausal women.
Nathan Goodyear

Cardiovascular Diabetology | Full text | Improvement of the diabetic foot upon testoste... - 0 views

www.cardiab.com/19

diabetes type II diabetes therapy treatment low T Testosterone cardiovascular disease PAD peripheral arterial disease foot

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
     
    Case report of 3 cases finds improvement in diabetic foot complications, including neuropathy, in men treated with Testosterone.  This makes sense as the Testosterone will improve insulin function, improve HgbA1c and reduce inflammation in these men.
Nathan Goodyear

C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and pr... [Circulation. 2004] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15262834

CRP metabolic syndrome cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Elevated CRP levels are related to insulin resistance and the presence of the MetS, especially in women
  • both CRP and MetS are independent predictors of new CVD events.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11
     
    elevated CRP helps predict metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease
Nathan Goodyear

Association of Mean Platelet Volume With Androgens and Insulin Resistance in Nonobese P... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4338650

MPV mean platelet volume androgens Testosterone DHEA women female hormone hormones PCOS CVD cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 15
     
    Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease in some studies.  Hyperandrogenism is associated with increased CVD in women with PCOS. This study found that elevated androgen levels in non obese women with/without PCOS was associated with lower MPV values.  This stands in contrast to other studies. 
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen therapy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2464747

cardiovascular disease hormone hormones men women male female

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • In women, it is much clearer that androgen excess is linked to the burden of CVD risk factors
  • insulin resistance is a consequence of androgen effects
  • Women with PCOS have a sustained exposure to high physiologic androgen levels. This condition is associated with endothelial dysfunction, obesity and metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Further evidence of a link between high androgen levels and CVD or CVD risk factors is observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • For T treatment in aging women, the current data would suggest androgen excess has adverse effects on CVD risk factors, especially in women with diabetes
  • androgen use and abuse is increasing in our society, either for therapeutic or recreational reasons
  • For men, exogenous T treatment appears largely beneficial
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Aug 14
     
    I love these review articles that highlight the metabolic differences of hormones in women versus men.  The medical community as a whole doesn't seem to get this at all.  The marketing-based medical community doesn't either.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone deficiency and cardiovascular mortality Morgentaler A, - Asian J Androl - 0 views

www.ajandrology.com/preprintarticle.asp

testosterone low t low Testosterone CVD cardiovascular mortality therapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Dec 14 - No Cached
  • overall mortality and CV mortality were inversely associated with serum T concentrations.
  • men with low serum T, defined as < 8.7 nmol l−1 (250 ng dl−1 ), demonstrated significantly greater all-cause mortality than men with higher serum T (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.41-3.57), as well as greater CV mortality
  • lower T levels were significantly associated with the presence of any CV disease
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • more than 30 years of studies suggesting that low levels of T represent an increased risk for CV and overall mortality,
  • lower serum T concentrations also are associated with CV disease, including incident coronary artery disease [17],[18],[19] and atherosclerosis,
  • the actual rate of adverse events was only half as great in the T group (123 events in 1223 men at risk = 10.1%) as in the untreated group (1587 events in 7486 men = 21.2%)
  • The study by Vigen et al. [7] has already undergone two published corrections,
  • 29 medical societies have called for retraction of the article, asserting "gross data mismanagement and contamination," that rendered the study "no longer credible
  • Mortality in T-treated men was reduced by approximately half in treated men compared with untreated men, at 10.3% versus 20.7%, respectively
  • The mortality rate for men who received TTh was 3.4 deaths per 100 person-years, and 5.7 deaths per 100 person-years in untreated men
  • HR of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.42-0.88; P = 0.008), indicating a significant reduction in mortality with TTh
  • men in the highest prognostic MI risk quartile, treatment with TTh was associated with reduced risk
  • tripling in T prescriptions in the US over the last decade
  • a majority of observational studies have found that low endogenous serum T levels are associated with increased mortality.
  • Men who received TTh were able to exercise significantly longer without ischemia compared with men who received placebo
  • In men with congestive heart failure, those who received T demonstrated greater walking distance and other functional endpoints compared with those who received placebo
  • TTh has been shown uniformly and repeatedly to improve several known CV risk factors, including reduced fat mass, body fat percent, and waist circumference, and increased lean mass
  • improved glycemic control
  • reductions in insulin resistance.
  • the evidence strongly points to improved CV status with normal serum T or treatment with TTh in men with TD
  • analysis of health insurance claims data that reported a 36% increased rate of nonfatal MI in the 90d following receipt of a T prescription compared with the 12 prior months.
  • Comparison with men who received a prescription for a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) revealed no increased rate of MI following the prescription
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Dec 14
     
    Great review by Morgentaler of Testosterone and CVD.  He highlights the significant flaws in the JAMA and the NEJM articles of Testosterone therapy risks.  Morgentaler highlights the significant evidence that points to low T and increased risk of CVD. On contention I have, is Morgantaler seems to flip aside the massive uptick of Testosterone use in the US as compared to other countries.  The evidence definitely points to Testosterone therapy as being safe in those with low T, but there is definitely a problem of significant Testosterone doping that is taking place as well.
Nathan Goodyear

Association between hyperinsulinemia and endogeno... [Metabolism. 2002] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...11833055

metabolic syndrome insulin resistance CVD cardiovascular disease menopause perimenopause Testosterone women

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13
     
    Increasing androgen levels associated with perimenopause/menopause transition.  This is associated with increasing insulin resistance.
Nathan Goodyear

Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes With the Mediterranean Diet - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3005482

cardiovascular disease Mediterranean diet diabetes nutrition insulin resistance inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Aug 17
     
    Mediterranean diet + EVOO or + nuts reduced diabetes risk those in high risk by 52%.  This was a 4 year f/u study.  A reduction of circulating inflammatory biomarkers was also noted.  Insulin resistance was noted to be improved as early as 3 months, but weight was not changed statistically throughout this study
Nathan Goodyear

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Vitamin C Status Correlates with Markers of Metabolic and ... - 0 views

www.mdpi.com/...htm

vitamin C health cognition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Feb 18 - No Cached
  • vitamin C deficiency is the fourth most prevalent nutrient deficiency reported in the United States
  • Hypovitaminosis C (defined as a plasma concentration ≤23 µmol/L)
  • The CHALICE (Canterbury Health, Ageing and Lifecourse) study is a unique New Zealand study comprising a comprehensive database of determinants of health
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • The CHALICE cohort of 404 individuals aged 50 years had an average vitamin C intake of ~110 mg/day, which should provide adequate plasma concentrations [14]. Despite this, a significant proportion of the participants had inadequate plasma vitamin C status
  • inadequate plasma vitamin C concentrations (i.e., <50 µmol/L)
  • adequate plasma levels (i.e., >50 µmol/L)
  • Higher plasma vitamin C status was associated with lower weight, BMI and waist circumference
  • plasma vitamin C was negatively associated with blood triglycerides, HbA1c and insulin, and positively associated with HDL levels.
  • No correlation was found between plasma vitamin C and the two indicators of heart health; blood pressure and cardiovascular risk score.
  • 2.4% of 50-year-olds were deficient in vitamin C (i.e., <11 µmol/L)
  • hypovitaminosis C (i.e., <23 µmol/L)
  • A high proportion (63%) of our participants had inadequate plasma vitamin C concentrations (i.e., <50 µmol/L)
  • The association of low vitamin C with obesity in this study replicates results in the literature [35,40,41,42,43,44], and it is apparent that individuals with higher weight require higher intakes of vitamin C to reach adequate vitamin C status
  • higher plasma vitamin C status is associated with lower circulating levels of blood triglycerides, insulin and HbA1c
  • A role for vitamin C in the prevention or management of diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome has been suggested
  • In this study, we also demonstrate lower levels of mild cognitive impairment in those with high vitamin C status
  • The odds of mild cognitive impairment were twice as high for those below 23 μmol/L plasma vitamin C concentration.
  • Vitamin C is present at very high concentrations in the brain
  • animal models have shown that the brain is the last organ to be depleted of the vitamin during prolonged deficiency
  • A recent animal study has shown that moderate vitamin C deficiency may play a role in accelerating amyloid plaque accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Feb 18
     
    New study: vitamin C levels correlate with cognitive and metabolic health. What is your vitamin C level? Despite the adequate levels of vitamin C intake, a large % of the individuals had inadequate vitamin C levels which points to a demand issue.  Higher oxidative stress, chronic inflammation... would drive demand for vitamin C higher. Lower vitamin C levels were associated with more metabolic disease, ie. DM, and more cognitive decline.
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Mortality: An Inco... - 0 views

www.andrologyjournal.org/...534

leptin resistance low T testosterone low T hormone hormones insulin cardiovascular disease men male

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Aug 12
     
    leptin resistance, increased leptin, reduces testosterone production in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Androgens in relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in the menopausal transition, ... - 0 views

informahealthcare.com/...13697130802416640

cardiovascular risk disease women female hormone hormones androgens Testosterone CVD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 14
     
    Increasing androgens, male hormones, may be associated with the increased risk of CVD found in post menopausal women.  Other variables also need to be included ie. fat, insulin resistance...
Nathan Goodyear

Association of metabolic syndrome ... [Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25285291

metabolic syndrome CAD coronary artery disease cardiovascular disease CVD TNF-alpha IL-6 hsCRP insulin resistance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Oct 14
     
    Metabolic Syndrome is associated with CAD.  No surprise here, but increase in # of metabolic syndrome parameters was associated with increasing % of Triple vessel disease.   No surprise that MetS was associated with TNF-alpha, IL-6, IR, and hsCRP.
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