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Combination immunotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a phase 2 trial. Barrera JL, Verastegui E, Meneses A, Zinser J, de la Garza J, Hadden JW. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000 Mar;126(3):345-51. PMID: 10722007 The natural cytokine mixture is a collection of natural human cytokines induced from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It contains IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor , and granulocyte-macrophage and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in nanogram quantities. It lacks IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-7. [...] This IRX-2 strategy uses perilymphatic local administration along with contrasuppression with low-dose cyclophosphamide and indomethacin and with zinc replacement therapy (as an immunorestorative). The data presented herein demonstrate that H&N SCC can respond very well to immunotherapy: there was a response rate of 100% in this series of 15 patients, with clinical reduction in tumor (1 complete response, 7 partial responses, and 7 minor responses) and histological evidence of tumor regression of 42%. Overall, the average combined estimated tumor reduction exceeded 70%. Also, patients with oral cancer noted marked analgesic and hemostatic effects from this therapy, with healing of oral lesions. [...] It is important to note that adjuvant chemotherapy is not used at INCAN. Many studies23 indicate that treatment with fluorouracil and cisplatin, the combination most in use, is effective for reducing tumors in the majority of patients; however, with no meaningful impact on survival, their routine use in the United States has recently been questioned.24-25 The expense, toxic effects, and lack of effectiveness of both drugs has made their use in other less affluent countries unwarranted. The current data on the use of IRX-2 in this and other protocols8-10 hint at improved survival, and a phase 3 randomized controlled study comparing this protocol with chemotherapy arm is to be initiat

K. L. Fritsche Are Omega-3 Fatty Acids Effective in Enhancing Tumoricidal Cell Activity? J. Nutr., December 1, 2005; 135(12): 2916S - 2917S.

March 7, 2005 Boston, MA - The anti-inflammatory effect of fish oils appears to be due to a powerful anti-inflammatory compound called resolvin (resolution-phase interaction product) E1, which is produced from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Dr Makoto Arita (Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) and colleagues report in the March 7, 2005 issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine [1]. Arita writes, "At nanomolar levels, resolvin E1 dramatically reduced dermal inflammation, peritonitis, dendritic cell migration, and interleukin (IL)-12 production.

Conjugated linoleic acid promotes human adipocyte insulin resistance through NFkappaB-dependent cytokine production. Chung S, Brown JM, Provo JN, Hopkins R, McIntosh MK. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 18;280(46):38445-56. Epub 2005 Sep 9. PMID: 16155293 doi: 10.1074/jbc.M508159200 Collectively, these data demonstrate for the first time that trans-10, cis-12 CLA promotes NFkappaB activation and subsequent induction of IL-6, which are at least in part responsible for trans-10, cis-12 CLA-mediated suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma target gene expression and insulin sensitivity in mature human adipocytes. In summary, our in vitro data demonstrate that a physiological level of trans-10, cis-12 CLA activates NFκB- and ERK1/2-dependent cytokine production, which together suppress PPARγ and Glut4 levels and lead to impaired glucose uptake. Studies are currently under way examining 1) how CLA regulates PPARγ and the expression of its target genes, 2) the specific signaling role of SV cells and adipocytes in mediating the TG-lowering actions of CLA, and 3) the CLA-induced, upstream signal that activates NFκB and ERK1/2.

Fish oil and treatment of cancer cachexia. Giacosa A, Rondanelli M. Genes Nutr. 2008 Apr;3(1):25-8. PMID: 18850196

Immunologic effects of national cholesterol education panel step-2 diets with and without fish-derived N-3 fatty acid enrichment. Meydani SN, Lichtenstein AH, Cornwall S, Meydani M, Goldin BR, Rasmussen H, Dinarello CA, Schaefer EJ. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):105-13. PMID: 8325975 doi:10.1172/JCI116537 the low-fat, high-fish diet significantly decreased the percentage of helper T cells whereas the percentage of suppressor T cells increased

Docosahexaenoic acid induces an anti-inflammatory profile in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human THP-1 macrophages more effectively than eicosapentaenoic acid. Weldon SM, Mullen AC, Loscher CE, Hurley LA, Roche HM. J Nutr Biochem. 2007 Apr;18(4):250-8. Epub 2006 Jun 16. PMID: 16781858 doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.04.003

Different effects of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the activation of rat smooth muscle cells by interleukin-1 beta. Bousserouel S, Brouillet A, Béréziat G, Raymondjean M, Andréani M. J Lipid Res. 2003 Mar;44(3):601-11. Epub 2003 Jan 1. PMID: 12562859 doi:10.1194/jlr.M200092-JLR200

Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) is an alpha-glucan rich nutritional supplement produced from the mycelia of shiitake (Lentinula edodes) of the basidiomycete family of mushrooms, and should not be confused or used as a drug or medicine.[1][2] AHCC was originally designed to lower high-blood pressure. However, researchers at Tokyo University found AHCC's influence upon the innate immune system highly beneficial and published the results in 1992, though not in the commonly indexed scientific literature. In this study, researchers found that AHCC significantly increased natural killer (NK) cell activity in cancer patients, and also enhanced the effects of killer T-cells, and cytokines (interferon, IL-12, TNF-alpha

Why fish oils may not always be adequate treatments for depression or other inflammatory illnesses: docosahexaenoic acid, an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, induces a Th-1-like immune response. Maes M, Mihaylova I, Kubera M, Bosmans E. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2007 Dec;28(6):875-80. PMID: 18063921

Eicosapentaenoic acid is anti-inflammatory in preventing choroidal neovascularization in mice. Koto T, Nagai N, Mochimaru H, Kurihara T, Izumi-Nagai K, Satofuka S, Shinoda H, Noda K, Ozawa Y, Inoue M, Tsubota K, Oike Y, Ishida S. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Sep;48(9):4328-34. PMID: 17724224 DOI:  10.1167/iovs.06-1148

Impact of fish oil enriched total parenteral nutrition on DNA synthesis, cytokine release and receptor expression by lymphocytes in the postoperative period. Schauder P, Röhn U, Schäfer G, Korff G, Schenk HD. Br J Nutr. 2002 Jan;87 Suppl 1:S103-10. PMID: 11895146 doi:10.1079/BJN2001463