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Aurialie Jublin

'New forms' of employment: Good or bad? | The Parliament Magazine - 1 views

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    "On November 20, the European Parliament's Committee on Employment and Social Affairs met for a presentation by the Irene Mandl from the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (EUROFOUND) on a project on "New forms of employment relationships". Please find a summary below."
Thierry Nabeth

ICT for Employment and Employability -The Future of Work - EC/JRC/IPTS - 0 views

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    In the context of the European Employment strategy, the Agenda for New Skills and Jobs, the Grand Coalition for ICT Jobs, and specifically in its 2012 EMPLOYMENT PACK, the JRC-IPTS is conducting research to inform policy makers on some of the new forms of work and pathways to employability mediated by the internet.
Aurialie Jublin

Taux de self-employment dans l'OCDE - 1 views

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    OECD sur Twitter : "In which countries are self-#employment rates highest? Surprised? Read more here https://t.co/L2Iu2Zi704 OECD #stats https://t.co/BGSyNdwBwJ"
Aurialie Jublin

The future of jobs: The onrushing wave | The Economist - 1 views

  • The machines are not just cleverer, they also have access to far more data. The combination of big data and smart machines will take over some occupations wholesale; in others it will allow firms to do more with fewer workers. Text-mining programs will displace professional jobs in legal services. Biopsies will be analysed more efficiently by image-processing software than lab technicians. Accountants may follow travel agents and tellers into the unemployment line as tax software improves. Machines are already turning basic sports results and financial data into good-enough news stories.
  • There will still be jobs. Even Mr Frey and Mr Osborne, whose research speaks of 47% of job categories being open to automation within two decades, accept that some jobs—especially those currently associated with high levels of education and high wages—will survive (see table). Tyler Cowen, an economist at George Mason University and a much-read blogger, writes in his most recent book, “Average is Over”, that rich economies seem to be bifurcating into a small group of workers with skills highly complementary with machine intelligence, for whom he has high hopes, and the rest, for whom not so much.
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    "Previous technological innovation has always delivered more long-run employment, not less. But things can change"
julien camacho

Une vision de la formation tout au long de la vie en Europe pour 2030 - Le blog de la f... - 3 views

  • L’environnement de travailSi nous projetons  l’environnement de travail en 2030 sur les bases de ce  que l’on connait aujourd’hui, il est vraisemblable que :la société numérique dans laquelle nous évoluerons rendra le marché du travail très flexible, segmenté et  particulièrement changeant. Il sera organisé selon le «skill on demand», où les entreprises solliciterons les compétences dont elles auront besoin au moment où elles en auront besoin. Nous travaillerons pour plusieurs employeurs, parfois en même temps, souvent à distance.La performance des employés sera mesurée et quantifiée en continu au travers de systèmes de mesures numériques, les «analystics». La démonstration des compétences et des aptitudes sera préférée aux diplômes.Le savoir sera disponible et gratuit. L’information sera partout. Les ressources  de formation seront nombreuses.Les barrières existantes s’estomperont : les limites du public/privé, professionnel/ personnel, bureau/domicile, réel/virtuel, formel/informel, seront confuses.Dans ce contexte, chacun d’entre nous devra  dédier au moins 20% de son temps à renouveler ses compétences pour rester employable et s’efforcer de coller à celles  requises par l’évolution du marché du travail.
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    "Pour rester employable, nous devrons tous, à l'avenir, développer une culture de l'auto-formation basée sur les compétences et les aptitudes valorisées par le marché du travail. Comment apprendrons-nous en 2030 ? Comment le digital impactera nos pratiques individuelles de formation? Quelle sera la place des ressources pédagogiques libres et autres MOOC dans notre formation tout au long de la vie? C'est à ces questions que le groupe de recherche, The Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), rattaché au centre de recherche la commission européenne (JRC), s'est penché lors d'un atelier à Séville les 29 et 30 avril 2013, durant lequel une vingtaine d'experts ont planché sur les scénarii possibles."
Thierry Nabeth

Technology at Work: The Future of Innovation and Employment | Report - 0 views

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    Technology at Work: The Future of Innovation and Employment, is the latest Citi GPS report from the Oxford Martin School and Citi. It explores trends in automation and points to sluggish job creation caused partly by increasing automation, and argues that secular stagnation in the digital age can only be avoided by a shift towards inclusive growth. Technology at Work marks the start of a new programme of research supported by Citi, the Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment.
Aurialie Jublin

In the Sharing Economy, Workers Find Both Freedom and Uncertainty - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • In a climate of continuing high unemployment, however, people like Ms. Guidry are less microentrepreneurs than microearners. They often work seven-day weeks, trying to assemble a living wage from a series of one-off gigs. They have little recourse when the services for which they are on call change their business models or pay rates. To reduce the risks, many workers toggle among multiple services.
  • Certainly, it’s a good deal for consumers. Peer marketplaces democratize luxury services by making amateur chauffeurs, chefs and personal assistants available to perform occasional work once largely dominated by full-time professionals. Venture capital firms seem convinced.
  • In July, 9.7 million Americans were unemployed, and an additional 7.5 million were working part-time jobs because they could not find full-time work, according to estimates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.There are no definitive statistics on how many people work in the gig economy. But according to a report from MBO Partners, a company that provides consulting services to independent contractors, about 17.7 million Americans last year worked more than half time as independent contributors, among them project workers.
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  • Jamie Viggiano, senior director of marketing at TaskRabbit, says the company is trying to improve the situation for its 30,000 contractors in 19 cities in the United States. It recently instituted a sitewide minimum wage of $15 an hour. It also adopted a $1 million insurance policy, covering both clients and contractors, for any property damage or bodily harm that occurs while performing a job. Still, Ms. Viggiano says that “across the industry, we have only scratched the surface of helping freelancers work in the gig economy.”
  • Technology has made online marketplaces possible, creating new opportunities to monetize labor and goods. But some economists say the short-term gig services may erode work compensation in the long term. Mr. Baker, of the Center for Economic and Policy Research, argues that online labor marketplaces are able to drive down costs for consumers by having it both ways: behaving as de facto employers without shouldering the actual cost burdens or liabilities of employing workers.
  • Labor activists say gig enterprises may also end up disempowering workers, degrading their access to fair employment conditions.“These are not jobs, jobs that have any future, jobs that have the possibility of upgrading; this is contingent, arbitrary work,” says Stanley Aronowitz, director of the Center for the Study of Culture, Technology and Work at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. “It might as well be called wage slavery in which all the cards are held, mediated by technology, by the employer, whether it is the intermediary company or the customer.”
  • TaskRabbit has started offering its contractors access to discounted health insurance and accounting services. Lyft has formed a partnership with Freelancers Union, making its drivers eligible for the advocacy group’s health plan and other benefit programs.That may not be enough. Dr. Standing, the labor economist, says workers need formal protections to address the power asymmetries inherent in contingent work. International rules, he says, could endow gig workers with basic entitlements — like the right to organize and the right to due process should companies seek to remove them from their platforms.
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    Le business de la "sharing economy", c'est encore beaucoup la précarité des "employés".
Aurialie Jublin

What Does A Union Look Like In The Gig Economy? | Fast Company | Business + Innovation - 0 views

  • Drivers who work on Uber, Lyft, and Sidecar have started "App-Based Drivers Associations" in at least two states. The California branch teamed up with local Teamsters in August for "organizational and lobbying assistance," and in September, after Uber drivers in New York created a Facebook Page called Uber Drivers Network NYC, some of them went on strike over Uber fare cuts.
  • Like it or not, employment in the United States looks different than it did 50 years ago—at least 30% of the workforce are independent contractors, the ratio of part-time workers to full-time workers is still higher than before the recession, and there are 2.87 million temporary workers, a record number. Some argue that the gig economy—comprised of companies like Uber, TaskRabbit, Postmates, and Handy, who coordinate independent contractors on a task-by-task basis instead of hiring employees—is a promising development in this conundrum. It offers flexible supplemental income the regular economy is not supplying. Others argue it’s a return to the piecework system that exploited workers before the modern concept of "employee" came on the scene.
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    "WITHOUT THE RIGHT TO UNIONIZE, GIG ECONOMY WORKERS RISK EXPLOITATION. BUT ORGANIZING 21RST CENTURY WORKERS IS NO EASY FEAT."
Aurialie Jublin

The Future of Work - livre blanc de Esselte - 0 views

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    "As a result of the internet, new technologies, the huge increase in mobile or home working, part-time jobs and today's 'always on', 24/7 culture, we found that most people now spend more time working than sleeping. In fact by 2015 around 40% of the total workforce will be mobile. The reason for this is that work is no longer where the office is but for mobile workers it is wherever they are - be that their car, home, coffee shop, the airport, customer site or even on holiday. This is just one area our report identifies as having a massive impact on the way we work;" explains Richard Watson. Other factors covered in the paper include: Ageing workforces: By 2050 over 65's will represent around 50% of the working population in Europe Millennials and Gen Y: More tech-savvy than any other generation The generation gap: Millennials think senior management do not relate to them and use autocratic command and control structures Gender: The huge economic impact of getting more women in the workforce especially at senior levels. Eliminating the gap between male and female employment would boost GDP by 9% in US, 13% in Eurozone and 16% in Japan (Goldman Sachs). Mobile working: By 2015 new technologies mean 1.3 billion (or 40%) of the total working population will be mobile Security of Information: Workers will have their own devices (BYOD) and potentially work remotely creating huge security and data storage/retrieval challenges. Where will new talent for workforce come from? Talent scarcities worldwide mean that by 2030 the USA will need to add over 25 million workers to its talent base to sustain economic growth and Western Europe more than 45 million.
Thierry Nabeth

Work in the Future Will Fall into These 4 Categories -- HBR - 0 views

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    Each of the four quadrants describes a different kind of organization, with different approaches to strategy, talent, and work: - Current state. Work resembles today, with similar technological connections and work arrangements, relying heavily on regular full-time employment. - Today, turbo-charged. Technology evolves, but management and workplace arrangements evolve more slowly. Traditional work relationships are supported by faster, better, and cheaper technology and systems such as personal devices and cloud-based human resource information. - Work reimagined. Here, new employment models evolve to include platforms, projects, gigs, freelancers, contests, contracts, tours of duty, and part-timers, but largely supported slower-evolving technology. - Uber empowered. An accelerated cycle of technology advancement and more democratic work arrangements fuel one another. New work and technology models include on-demand artificial intelligence, extreme personalization, and secure and accessible cloud-based work repositories.
Aurialie Jublin

We all have the 'right to disconnect' - but only some of us can afford it | Evgeny Moro... - 0 views

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    "Laws protecting workers from employers' out-of-hours emails ignore the fact that, for many, switching off is not an option"
Aurialie Jublin

Why Every Company Should Pay Employees To Volunteer | Fast Company - 0 views

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    "DOING GOOD CAN BE GOOD FOR YOUR COMPANY. VOLUNTEERING BUILDS SOFT SKILLS IN YOUR TEAM, WHILE THEY HELP BUILD COMMUNITY AROUND THEM. Debbie Feit had always wanted to give back, but with two children and a career, finding time was a problem. Then her employer offered a solution: to celebrate its 40th anniversary, employees were given an opportunity to take a month-long sabbatical at the charitable organization of their choice. She jumped at the chance."
Aurialie Jublin

Inside Amazon: Wrestling Big Ideas in a Bruising Workplace - NYTimes.com - 0 views

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    "Amazon may be singular but perhaps not quite as peculiar as it claims. It has just been quicker in responding to changes that the rest of the work world is now experiencing: data that allows individual performance to be measured continuously, come-and-go relationships between employers and employees, and global competition in which empires rise and fall overnight. Amazon is in the vanguard of where technology wants to take the modern office: more nimble and more productive, but harsher and less forgiving."
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    Une perspective intéressante dans un article de GigaOm. Il y est indiqué que chez Amazon, les "cols blancs" reçoivent tout simplement le même traitement que les "cols bleus". "Don't be surprised at how Amazon treats its workers" https://gigaom.com/2015/08/18/dont-be-surprised-at-how-amazon-treats-its-workers/
Aurialie Jublin

Skills beyond school - Rapport de l'OCDE - 0 views

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    Higher level vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. What type of training is needed to meet the needs of changing economies? How should the programmes be funded? How should they be linked to academic and university programmes? How can employers and unions be engaged? This report synthesises the findings of the series of  country reports done on skills beyond school.   Chapter 1. The hidden world of professional education and training Chapter 2. Enhancing the profile of professional education and training Chapter 3. Three key elements of high-quality post-secondary programmes Chapter 4. Transparency in learning outcomes Chapter 5. Clearer pathways for learners Chapter 6. Key characteristics of effective vocational systems
Aurialie Jublin

Women, old folks, daydreaming: What the workplace will look like in 2030 | Financial Post - 0 views

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    The Future Workplace identifies four workplace trends that employers should develop action plans to address : - The downfall of 'workaholism' - the rise of daydreaming (donner au gens du temps, de l'espace, les outils pour imaginer plus) - the downfall of masculinity - the rise of "returnment" (qui va remplacer the "retirement" : les personnes agées vont être encouragés à rester au travail ou à y retourner)
Aurialie Jublin

Microsoft Bug Testers Unionized. Then They Were Dismissed - Bloomberg - 0 views

  • In California, Uber, Lyft, TaskRabbit, and a half-dozen other companies are lobbying to defang a court ruling that could make it difficult to avoid reclassifying such workers as employees. And in Washington, the Republican-dominated National Labor Relations Board has made moves to undo an Obama-era precedent that could make big employers legally liable for contract workers even if they have only indirect control over them.The GOP takeover in Washington is one reason the Temporary Workers of America, a union of bug testers for Microsoft Corp., gave up on what had been, for people in the software world, an almost unheard of unionization victory, says the group’s founder, Philippe Boucher.
  • Boucher and his ex-colleagues are among a growing population of tech workers, including many Uber drivers, Amazon.com warehouse loaders, and Google software engineers, who lack the rights and perks of those companies’ full-fledged employees.
  • Google parent Alphabet Inc. now has fewer direct employees than it does contract workers, some of whom write code and test self-driving cars.
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  • “Companies are deciding they don’t want to make long-term commitments to people, and they’re using a variety of devices to shift that work out,” says David Weil, dean of Brandeis University’s social policy and management school who oversaw federal wage-and-hour enforcement during the Obama presidency.
  • To help demonstrate that Microsoft was a joint employer, the union provided documents such as an email appearing to show a Lionbridge manager sharing performance metrics with Microsoft counterparts and a list of Microsoft managers who worked in the same office and oversaw Lionbridge employees’ work—at least one of whom listed his management of contractors on his LinkedIn résumé.
Aurialie Jublin

Worker Surveillance and Class Power - « Law and Political Economy - 0 views

  • As a first example, consider how workplace monitoring generates data that companies can use to automate the very tasks workers are being paid to perform. When Uber drivers carry passengers from one location to another, or simply cruise around town waiting for fares, Uber gathers extensive data on routes, driving speed, and driver behavior. That data may prove useful in developing the many algorithms required for autonomous vehicles—for example by illuminating how a reasonable driver would respond to particular traffic or road conditions.
  • with GPS data from millions of trips across town, Uber may be able to predict the best path from point A to point B fairly well, accounting not just for map distance, but also for current traffic, weather, the time of day, etc. In other words, its algorithms can replicate drivers’ subtle, local knowledge. If that knowledge was once relatively rare, then Uber’s algorithms may enable it to push down wages and erode working conditions.
  • By managing drivers’ expectations, the company may be able to maintain a high supply of drivers on the road waiting for fares. The net effect may be to lower wages, since the company only pays drivers when they are ferrying passengers.
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  • Finally, new monitoring technologies can help firms to shunt workers outside of their legal boundaries through independent contracting, subcontracting, and franchising. Various economic theories suggest that firms tend to bring workers in-house as employees rather than contracting for their services—and therefore tend to accept the legal obligations and financial costs that go along with using employees rather than contractors—when they lack reliable information about workers’ proclivities, or where their work performance is difficult to monitor.
  • This suggests, in my mind, a strategy of worker empowerment and deliberative governance rather than command-and-control regulation. At the firm or workplace level, new forms of unionization and collective bargaining could address the everyday invasions of privacy or erosions of autonomy that arise through technological monitoring. Workers might block new monitoring tools that they feel are unduly intrusive. Or they might accept more extensive monitoring in exchange for greater pay or more reasonable hours.
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    "Companies around the world are dreaming up a new generation of technologies designed to monitor their workers-from Amazon's new employee wristbands, to Uber's recording whether its drivers are holding their phones rather than mounting them, to "Worksmart," a new productivity tool that takes photos of workers every ten minutes via their webcams. Technologies like these can erode workplace privacy and encourage discrimination. Without disregarding the importance of those effects, I want to focus in this post on how employers can use new monitoring technologies to drive down wages or otherwise disempower workers as a class. I'll use examples from Uber, not because Uber is exceptional in this regard - it most certainly is not - but rather because it is exemplary."
Aurialie Jublin

Formation professionnelle : L'employeur n'est plus responsable de rien | Alternatives E... - 0 views

  • Ce deuxième alinéa raconte une histoire, notamment jurisprudentielle : au moment du recrutement, tout salarié est par construction « employable ». Au moment où la relation d’emploi cesse, l’employeur doit rendre au « marché du travail », un salarié dans l’état d’employabilité où il l’a embauché.
  • Ce deuxième alinéa raconte aussi une histoire politique, fruit d’un équilibre entre un accès à la formation d’adaptation au poste de travail, à la main exclusive de l’employeur, et la préservation de la capacité du salarié à occuper efficacement ce poste. La loi de 1971, faisant suite à l’accord national interprofessionnel (ANI) de 1970, avait « réglé » cette question en instituant, outre un droit individuel à un congé de formation, le plan de formation, soutenu par une obligation de dépense de l’employeur exprimée en % de la masse salariale.
  • Les réformes de 2013-2014 ont modifié substantiellement cet équilibre : à l’obligation de dépense des employeurs s’est substituée une obligation de « formation » ou plutôt une obligation de moyens pour permettre aux salariés de continuer à être « employables »3.  L’ANI de décembre de 2013 a prévu que cette obligation de moyens soit respectée pendant toute la durée de l’emploi pour ne pas éviter que l’absence de formation soit constatée trop tard, au moment d’un licenciement. D’où l’introduction de l’entretien professionnel tous les deux ans et la sanction de l’absence de formation et/ou d’évolution professionnelle du salarié au bout de six ans.
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  • Le gouvernement ne fait que parachever ce qu’avaient commencé la loi Travail de 2016 et les ordonnances de 2017 : l’employeur n’est dorénavant plus responsable de rien à l’égard de ses salariés. Il pourra appuyer le développement des compétences de certains de ses salariés, prendre en charge des compléments de formation pour ceux qu’il juge « à potentiel »… et se séparer des autres, en signant dans le pire des cas un chèque (forfaitaire, comme le souligne le projet de loi, article 1-II-13) après les avoir déqualifiés.
  • A cette heure, le projet de loi sur la formation professionnelle qui a été vendu comme le volet « sécurité » sensé équilibrer le volet « flexibilité » des ordonnances travail est avant tout un renforcement de la deresponsabililisation de l’employeur, l’employabilité se limitant à une responsabilité personnelle. On est très loin de l’équilibre que certains pouvaient espérer.
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    'L'annonce par la ministre du Travail du big bang de la formation professionnelle a fait l'objet de nombreux commentaires, qui ont généralement souligné la mise sous tutelle des partenaires sociaux et des régions par l'Etat et le transfert de l'apprentissage aux branches professionnelles. Toutefois, l'avant-projet de loi, baptisé « pour la liberté de choisir son avenir professionnel », contient une autre disposition particulièrement préoccupante pour l'avenir des relations de travail. En effet, dans la version présentée au Conseil d'Etat début avril 2018, l'article 6.III, annonce laconiquement que « A l'article 6321-1, le deuxième alinéa est supprimé… ». Or ce second alinéa structure depuis de nombreuses années le cadre de la subordination salariale en tant qu'il fait obligation à l'employeur de veiller au maintien de la capacité à occuper un emploi"
Aurialie Jublin

Workers at Facebook (FB), Tesla (TSLA) and Amazon (AMZN) might as well work at Walmart ... - 1 views

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    "I've seen people pass out, hit the floor like a pancake, and smash their face open," a worker at Tesla's "factory of the future" told the Guardian in a report published this week. "They just send us to work around him while he's still lying on the floor." The Guardian report described long hours and intense pressure to meet CEO Elon Musk's production goals-even if that means enduring or ignoring injuries. Since 2014, according to the report, hundreds of ambulances have been called to the factory to treat workers. This portrayal doesn't quite jive with Musk's world-changing vision. And Tesla isn't only Silicon Valley company facing this type of irony. Technology companies' reputations as employers often stem from how they treat highly paid engineers, but many also employ thousands of blue collar workers. Tech workers at these companies receive high pay, elaborate perks, and progressive workplace policies, but blue collar workers for the same companies often work in circumstances that look much less...
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