Another animal study finds Testosterone plays a role in bladder cancer development. The study used anti androgen and 5 alpha reductase inhibitor therapy to see if these add on therapies provided anything to ADR whether via castration or pituitary suppression--the answer was no. The authors concluded that Testosterone played more of a role with AR versus the more active 5alpha-DHT metabolite.
It is estimated that approximately 30% of children and adolescents in the United States and about 15–30% of those in Europe can be classified as overweight or obese
An increasing body of evidence now suggests that the nutritional environment encountered in utero and the early postnatal life may elicit permanent alterations in adipose tissue structure or function and, thereby, programme the individual’s propensity to later obesity
The composition of fatty acids in the Western diets has shifted toward an increasing dominance of n-6 relative to n-3 LCPUFAs over the past decades.9,10 This shift is also reflected in the fatty acid composition of breast milk
Evidence from animal studies suggests that the n-6 LCPUFA arachidonic acid promotes adipose tissue deposition, whereas the n-3 LCPUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid seem to exert an opposite effect
Overall, no effect of supplementation was found on BMI in preschool (<5 years) and school-aged (6–12 years) children
increased adiposity, once established in childhood, tends to track into adulthood
Many studies have shown that even children <2 years with a high BMI are at increased risk of developing obesity later in life
The acquisition of fat cells early in life appears to be an irreversible process
Evidence from cell culture and animal studies suggests that early exposure to n-3 LCPUFAs has the potential to limit adipose tissue deposition mainly by attenuating the production of the arachidonic acid metabolite prostacyclin, which has been shown to enhance adipogenesis
In conclusion, there is currently no evidence to support that maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation exerts a favourable programming effect on adiposity status in childhood
our systematic review highlights that most of the trials reviewed were prone to methodological limitations
Literature review finds limited data (9 studies, only 6 RCTs) of omega-3 during pregnancy. No data was found that supported reduced obesity in children by mothers taking n-3 during pregnancy. No harm was found either. Data was sparse.
Take home: not enough data, no harm to pregnancy, children, thus if indications are present for mother, then recommend n-3. At this point not studies have pointed to reduced obesity in children.
Just an abstract from the Presentation at the 2014 Scientific Session. The abstract points to a 40% reduction in CAD with the onset of BHRT (Estradiol and progesterone topical) within 6 years of menopause compared to women 10 years post-menopause. This points to timing as a critical component of BHRT in women and CAD.
Pilot study of THC for advanced, recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. The infused THC appeared to be safe and provide some anti proliferative activity, but all patients died within 1 year.
Now this is an interesting study. In utero exposure to letrozole (femara) which is an aromatase inhibitor, is associated with same sex preference. Only abstract available, but this study points to environment, hormone effects in early development and future sexual preference. No difference in serum hormone levels were seen.
GI is a measure of carbohydrate quality in relation
to glucose availability and is independent of quantity, whereas GL is a measure of the total glycemic effect and hence is
anindicator of the insulin demand of the diet. High-glycemic diets are in fact generally associated with greater insulin secretion
the consumption of large quantities of high-GI foods rather than the consumption of high quantities of carbohydrates
is linked to the development of breast cancer.
Elevated insulin and IGF-1 as a result of the typical western diet results in increased risk of many of the chronic diseases of aging that we see in America--cancer.
Study finds link between higher glycemic index and glycemic load with increased breast cancer risk. The proposed mechanisms are: hyperinsulinemia and its affinity for IGF-1 receptor resulting in a + growth signal. Increased IGF-1 via the same mechanism. Insulin and IGF-1 have negative regulation effects on SHBG.
This all makes sense as insulin receptors are highly expressed on cancer cells.