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Nathan Goodyear

Blood Levels of Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids and the Risk of Sudden Death - NEJM - 0 views

www.nejm.org/...NEJMoa012918

omega 3 omega-3 sudden cardiac dealth

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 17
     
    Higher omega 3 fatty acids associated with 81% lower risk of sudden cardiac death.
Nathan Goodyear

Exercise and the brain: something to chew on - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2680508

exercise brain neurogenesis neurplasticity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13
     
    The absolute best way to promote neurogenesis is through exercise.  This is through an increase in BDNF.  There are ways to augment this: curcumin, n-3, nutrition...  The concept that the brain doesn't heal is out the window.
Nathan Goodyear

Oxidative Stress and Stress-Activated Signaling Pathways: A Unifying Hypothesis of Type... - 0 views

edrv.endojournals.org/...599.long

free radicals oxidative stress damage inflammation type II DM alpha lipoic acid alpha-lipoic-acid diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • In patients with diabetes, LA levels are reduced (48, 74, 103). LA has long been used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy in Germany
  • evidence indicates that it increases insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes
  • LA has been shown to 1) quench free radicals, 2) prevent singlet oxygen-induced DNA damage, 3) exhibit chelating activity, 4) reduce lipid peroxidation, 5) increase intracellular glutathione levels, and 6) prevent glycation of serum albumin (73, 74). LA is able to reduce oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB activation in vitro (74, 108, 109) and in patients with type 2 diabetes
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Activation of NF-κB can also be blocked by several other thiol-containing antioxidants including N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC)
  • Other clinically available antioxidants reported to have antiinflammatory, antioncogenic, and/or antiatherogenic properties that have been shown to block the activation of NF-κB include resveratrol (115, 116), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (117), pycnogenol (118), silymarin (119), and curcumin (120)
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12
     
    Great read!  If you want to see how free radicals and oxidative stress contribute to inflammation and disease (DM in this case), read this article.
Nathan Goodyear

UCL Discovery - EPA and DHA reduce LPS-induced inflammation responses in HK-2 cells: Ev... - 0 views

eprints.ucl.ac.uk/8794

inflammation omega-3 n-3 DHA EPA LPS PPAR-gamma

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jun 12
     
    Omega 3, DHA and EPA, reduce LPS stimulated inflammation via PPAR gamma activation.
Nathan Goodyear

The Effect of Dietary Supplementation with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Synth... - 0 views

www.nejm.org/...NEJM198902023200501

Omega-3 inflammation anti-inflammatory

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Feb 11
     
    Omega-3 is anti-inflammatory
Nathan Goodyear

Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: Effect of Different Antilipidemic Agents and Diets on Mort... - 0 views

archinte.ama-assn.org/...725

Omega-3 fish oil lipids cholesterol

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Statins and n-3 fatty acids are the most favorable lipid-lowering interventions with reduced risks of overall and cardiac mortality.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Feb 11
     
    Omega-3 most favorable lipid lowering agent
Nathan Goodyear

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases - 0 views

www.ajcn.org/...S1505.full

Omega-3 fatty acids fish oil inflammation inflammtory disease diseases

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Sep 11
     
    Take omega-3 to reduce inflammation!
Nathan Goodyear

Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for dev... - 0 views

www.ajcn.org/...281.abstract

long-chain fatty acid brain development function behavioral DHA Omega-3

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Sep 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Sep 11
     
    changes in brain concentrations of DHA (omega-3) are positively associated with changes in cognitive or behavioral performance
Nathan Goodyear

Vitamin C preferentially kills cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma via SVCT-2... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...s41698-017-0044-8

cancer cancer stem cells liver cancer vitamin C IV vitamin C oncology

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • Chen et al. have revealed that ascorbate at pharmacologic concentrations (0.3–20 mM) achieved only by intravenously (i.v.) administration selectively kills a variety of cancer cell lines in vitro, but has little cytotoxic effect on normal cells.
  • Ascorbic acid (the reduced form of vitamin C) is specifically transported into cells by sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters (SVCTs)
  • SVCT-1 is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues
  • ...41 more annotations...
  • whereas the expression of SVCT-2 is ubiquitous
  • differential sensitivity to VC may result from variations in VC flow into cells, which is dependent on SVCT-2 expression.
  • high-dose VC significantly impaired both the tumorspheres initiation (Fig. 4d, e) and the growth of established tumorspheres derived from HCC cells (Fig. 4f, g) in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner.
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  • The antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), preventing VC-induced ROS production (a ROS scavenger), completely restored the viability and colony formation among VC-treated cells
  • DNA double-strand damage was found following VC treatment
  • DNA damage was prevented by NAC
  • Interestingly, the combination of VC and cisplatin was even more effective in reducing tumor growth and weight
  • Consistent with the in vitro results, stemness-related genes expressions in tumor xenograft were remarkably reduced after VC or VC+cisplatin treatment, whereas conventional cisplatin therapy alone led to the increase of CSCs
  • VC is one of the numerous common hepatoprotectants.
  • Interestingly, at extracellular concentrations greater than 1 mM, VC induces strong cytotoxicity to cancer cells including liver cancer cells
  • we hypothesized that intravenous VC might reduce the risk of recurrence in HCC patients after curative liver resection.
  • Intriguingly, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) for patients who received intravenous VC was 24%, as opposed to 15% for no intravenous VC-treated patients
  • Median DFS time for VC users was 25.2 vs. 18 months for VC non-users
  • intravenous VC use is linked to improved DFS in HCC patients.
  • In this study, based on the elevated expression of SVCT-2, which is responsible for VC uptake, in liver CSCs, we revealed that clinically achievable concentrations of VC preferentially eradicated liver CSCs in vitro and in vivo
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jan 18
       
      the authors here made similar mistakes to the Mayo authors i.e. under doses here in this study.  They dosed at only 2 grams IVC.  A woefully low dose of IVC.
  • Additionally, we found that intravenous VC reduced the risk of post-surgical HCC progression in a retrospective cohort study.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jan 18
       
      positive results despite a low dose used.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jan 18
       
      Their comfort zone was 1mM.  They should have targeted 20-40 mM.
  • Three hundred thirty-nine participants (55.3%) received 2 g intravenous VC for 4 or more days after initial hepatectomy
  • As the key protein responsible for VC uptake in the liver, SVCT-2 played crucial roles in regulating the sensitivity to ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity
  • we also observed that SVCT-2 was highly expressed in human HCC samples and preferentially elevated in liver CSCs
  • SVCT-2 might serve as a potential CSC marker and therapeutic target in HCC
  • CSCs play critical roles in regulating tumor initiation, relapse, and chemoresistance
  • we revealed that VC treatment dramatically reduced the self-renewal ability, expression levels of CSC-associated genes, and percentages of CSCs in HCC, indicating that CSCs were more susceptible to VC-induced cell death
  • as a drug for eradicating CSCs, VC may represent a promising strategy for treatment of HCC, alone or particularly in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs
  • In HCC, we found that VC-generated ROS caused genotoxic stress (DNA damage) and metabolic stress (ATP depletion), which further activated the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, leading to G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCC cells
  • we demonstrated a synergistic effect of VC and chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin on killing HCC both in vitro and in vivo
  • Intravenous VC has also been reported to reduce chemotherapy-associated toxicity of carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients,38 but the specific mechanism needs further investigation
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jan 18
       
      so, exclude the benefit to patients until the exact mechanism of action, which will never be fully elicited?!?!?
  • Our retrospective cohort study also showed that intravenous VC use (2 g) was related to the improved DFS in HCC patients after initial hepatectomy
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jan 18
       
      Terribly inadequate dose.  Target is 20-40 mM which other studies have found occur with 50-75 grams of IVC.
  • several clinical trials of high-dose intravenous VC have been conducted in patients with advanced cancer and have revealed improved quality of life and prolonged OS
  • high-dose VC was not toxic to immune cells and major immune cell subpopulations in vivo
  • high recurrence rate and heterogeneity
  • tumor progression, metastasis, and chemotherapy-resistance
  • SVCT-2 was highly expressed in HCC samples in comparison to peri-tumor tissues
  • high expression (grade 2+/3+) of SVCT-2 was in agreement with poorer overall survival (OS) of HCC patients (Fig. 1c) and more aggressive tumor behavior
  • SVCT-2 is enriched in liver CSCs
  • these data suggest that SVCT-2 is preferentially expressed in liver CSCs and is required for the maintenance of liver CSCs.
  • pharmacologic concentrations of plasma VC higher than 0.3 mM are achievable only from i.v. administration
  • The viabilities of HCC cells were dramatically decreased after exposure to VC in dose-dependent manner
  • VC and cisplatin combination further caused cell apoptosis in tumor xenograft
  • These results verify that VC inhibits tumor growth in HCC PDX models and SVCT-2 expression level is associated with VC response
  • qPCR and IHC analysis demonstrated that expression levels of CSC-associated genes and percentages of CSCs in PDXs dramatically declined after VC treatment, confirming the inhibitory role of VC in liver CSCs
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jan 18
     
    IV vitamin C in vitro and in vivo found to "preferentially" eradicate cancer stem cells.  In addition, IV vitamin C was found to be adjunctive to chemotherapy, found to be hepatoprotectant.  This study also looked at SVCT-2, which is the transport protein important in liver C uptake.
Nathan Goodyear

The frequency of salivary progesterone sampling an... [Gynecol Endocrinol. 1992] - PubM... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...1502930

saliva salivary testing progesterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • A single mid-luteal salivary progesterone estimation or the mid-luteal Lenton progesterone index (n = 4) satisfactorily reflected the normal luteal phase, but a frequency of one sample every 3 days over the luteal phase (n = 5-6) was necessary to allow recognition of a short luteal phase or poor progesterone surge.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 Nov 10
     
    The frequency of salivary progesterone sampling and the diagnosis of luteal phase insufficiency.
Nathan Goodyear

Role of maximum standardized uptake value in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomog... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3785187

PET scan PET_CT scan maxSUV cancer breast

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 18 - No Cached
  • 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is an effective and popular technique for evaluating patients before and after breast cancer surgery.
  • Quantitative FDG-PET/CT imaging is becoming prevalent in cancer treatment as it measures glucose metabolism that reflects the growth potential and metabolic activity of malignant tumors
  • The FDG-PET/CT findings of primary lesions in colorectal and lung cancers correlate with metastasis and prognosis because FDG reflects tumor viability
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • The technique is valuable for predicting the prognosis of patients with recurrent breast cancer and for determining and predicting the outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
  • FDG-PET/CT is useful not only for evaluating metastasis but also for predicting the prognosis of recurrent breast cancer and measuring treatment effects
  • reports remain limited to small-scale clinical trials of about 100 patients.
  • MaxSUV, which is the most popular FDG-PET/CT value, can vary up to 30 % because of differences among PET/CT devices and among the operators who create the images
  • the degree of malignancy would increase with an increase in maxSUV when ER or HER-2 signaling is involved.
  • Factors that determine the rate of cancer progression include T-factor (tumor diameter) and N-factor (presence or absence/number of lymph node metastasis)
  • Factors that determine the nature of tumors also include ER, HER-2, Ki-67 labeling index, and nuclear grade
  • Prognosis was previously predicted based on T, N, and M staging, which indicates the degree of progression. However, prognosis is now predicted and treatment regimes are presently selected by also considering ER and HER-2 levels, which determine the nature of the tumor
  • maxSUV presently serves as an indicator of metabolic activity during cancer therapy. For instance, the maxSUV of primary lung and hematological cancer lesions correlates with metastasis and prognosis, whereas maxSUV also seems useful for predicting the prognosis of recurrent breast cancer and in determining and predicting the outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
  • The maxSUV cut-off calculated from ROC curves for recurrence was 3.0
  • The prognostic factors applied in breast cancer can be broadly divided into those that determine staging and those that determine biological tumor characteristics
  • both ER status and maxSUV as independent prognostic factors
  • maxSUV has a closer correlation with prognosis
  • maxSUV, clinical T-factor and ER were significant prognostic factors
  • Our results showed that maxSUV has the potential to be a novel prognostic factor and that it can be used to determine future therapies
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 18
     
    Retrospective, multi-facility finds maxSUV can be used in prognosis in cancer.  Others have shown benefit in recurrence risk.  MaxSUV was found to be an independent factor.
Nathan Goodyear

Inuit are protected against... [Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...14504206

prostate cancer inuit eskimos prostate cancer omega 3 omega-3 fish oil n-3

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 13
     
    Low incidence of prostate cancer in epidemiology study of Inuit eskimos.
Nathan Goodyear

Oxidant stress, ant... [Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1997] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...9089797

SLE lupus EPA DHA n-3 omega 3 omega-3 fish oil fish oil fatty acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Oct 13
     
    low EPA and DHA found in patients with Lupus.  The authors of this article went so far as to say that lipid peroxides, NO, and anti-oxidants should be a part of the work up for patients with Lupus.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of the long-term feeding of dietary lipids on the learning ability, fatty acid c... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0047637497001693

DHA learning fish oil n-3 omega 3 omega-3 memory

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13
     
    mouse study finds high DHA diet improved learning.
Nathan Goodyear

DHA dietary supplementation enhances the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3208643

DHA n-3 omega 3 omega-3 fish oil cognition memory hippocampus exercise neuroplasticity BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor lipid peroxidation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Nov 13
     
    DHA enriched diet plus exercis improved cognition through a increase in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).  The result was increased neuroplasticity.  Additionally, they were shown to reduce hippocampal lipid peroxidation.
Nathan Goodyear

DHA dietary supplementation enhances the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3208643

DHA n-3 omega 3 omega-3 BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor neuroplasticity cognition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 13
     
    Animal study finds that DHA increases BDNF increasing neuroplasticity.
Nathan Goodyear

Results of the MIDAS trial: Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on physiological and safety... - 0 views

www.alzheimersanddementia.com/...abstract

omega 3 n-3 omega-3 cognition brain

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Nov 13
     
    no abstract available, however this study found DHA slowed age related cognitive decline at 900 mg daily.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary Strategy to Repair Plasma Membrane After Brain Trauma - 0 views

nnr.sagepub.com/...75.full

BDNF curcumin DHA TBI concussion brain injury traumatic brain injury

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 15 - No Cached
  • strategies directed to preserve phospholipids in the plasma membrane such as the use of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3; DHA)5 can have beneficial effects for post-TBI recovery
  • DHA is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the brain
  • The combination of curcumin and DHA had a trend of greater effects in BDNF (117% of CTL; Figure 1C) compared with DHA or curcumin alone.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Our previous study indicated that n-3 fatty acids supplemented in the diet counteracted learning disability after TBI
  • There was a significant group effect on BDNF (F 4,25 = 5.229, P < .01 by ANOVA), and FPI reduced BDNF levels (50% of CTL, P < .01; Figure 1C), which was counteracted by DHA supplementation (90% of CTL, P < .05; Figure 1C). Curcumin also counteracted this reduction of BDNF
  • Curcumin provided in the diet before TBI can reduce oxidative damage and counteract TBI-related cognitive dysfunction.
  • curcumin contributed to enhance the action of DHA, protecting against cognitive impairment, and these effects were associated with elevations in the BDNF receptor signaling
  • Our current results show that curcumin contributes to enhance the effects of DHA on TBI by promoting phosphorylation of the BDNF receptor TrkB in the hippocampus.
  • previous evidence indicates that curcumin10 and DHA5 counteract TBI-related learning disability by involving BDNF
  • The effects of the DHA diet and curcumin on cognitive enhancement were consistent with enhanced elevations in BDNF receptor signaling
  • effects of DHA and curcumin up to 2 weeks after TBI because this is the most critical period for the course of injury recovery because the brain is metabolically dysfunctional during this time
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 15
     
    study that finds curcumin + DHA increased cognitive improvement after TBI within 2 weeks.  Good discussion of the proposed mechanism--increased BDNF.
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal and metabolic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in young women with polyc... - 0 views

www.ajcn.org/...652.abstract

metabolic syndrome Omega-3 PCOS

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 11 - No Cached
  • n−3 PUFAs improves androgenic profiles in PCOS
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 May 11
     
    omega shown to reduce androgens in women with PCOS
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