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Low Testosterone is a very significant problem in men with type II Diabetes.  Estimated to reach 40%, likely much higher.  They based these estimates only on T levels and sexual symptoms. Testosterone improves glycemic control primarily through Increased transcription and transloction of GLUT4 insulin receptors to the cell surface.  Inflammation reduction is also a mechanism.  Testosteorne lowers Triglycerides in the traditional lipid profile.  Studies are mixed on the other aspects of  lipids.  

Good article.  Heart failure in men associated with lower Total Testosterone and estimated Free Testosterone. The severity of disease was associated with lower Testosterone levels.   I wish they would have measured free levels not estimated them.   Increased SHBG concentrations was associated increased CHF as well. This study found no association with mortality.

Community pharmacies saved nearly 20,000 lives up to autumn 2021 by vaccinating people against the Covid-19, the National Pharmacy Association said based on a National Audit Office (NAO) report released on Friday (February 25). The report, having taken evidence from the NPA, highlighted that community pharmacies and GPs performed far beyond expectations in delivering the Covid-19 vaccine, as 71 per cent of jabs were administered by both healthcare providers till October-end, against an initial assumption of 56 per cent. The report cited UK Health Security Agency figures, which estimated that the programme overall prevented up to 128,000 deaths and 262,000 hospitalisations by September 24 and September 19, respectively. The estimated number is considerably higher, given the pivotal role played by pharmacies in this winter's phase of the vaccination programme, the NPA stated.

The Massachusetts male aging study found 2.4 million men with hypogonadism.  They estimated 481,000 new cases annually in the age group of 40-69.  This was in very stringent definition of "hypogonadism".

good review of the coronary calcium score and associated risk estimates.

the standard technique of "free testosterone" calculation today is via equilibrium dialysis.  This article describes the problem with current evaluation techniques of current free testosterone evaluation: "this method, although sensitive and reproducible, is cumbersome and not easily adaptable to automated methods".  Most values of "free testosterone" today are either calculated or estimated as this article points out.  Why not just measure with saliva?!

Not that I am a proponent of calculations and estimations. I am a proponent of actual measurement ie. saliva. But this article does lay out some good basic, historical figures about testosterone and SHBG.

North American injectable drug delivery technologies market was valued at $9.3 billion in 2012 and is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 12.3% from 2012 to 2017 to reach $16.6 billion by 2017

This study estimates that true adult GH deficiency is < 10%.

ketogenic diet found to not deplete muscle glycogen in endurance athletes.  The metabolism of the endurance athletes can do this via the high fat oxidation--estimates of 80%.

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PTSD in military deployed in combat is very high.  Estimated from between 20.3% to 42.4% of returning soldiers.  

with an estimated 25% of Americans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), elevated liver enzymes are becoming a more common finding.  Nice review article on what the tests mean and what disease are underlying.

Interesting study. In this study group, 36% of type II diabetes with ED had low Testosterone.  This fits with the estimated 40% of those with Diabetes have low T. What is really interesting about this study is that the degree of improvement with ED by Sildenfafil was dependent on the Testosterone level in the low T group.  Meanining that Testosterone therapy in these men would probably be more of a therapy directed at the cause and not Sildenafil.  Of course, the Testosterone therapy would benefit glucose regulation as well documented in the literature.

Yale study finds estrogen therapy in improves health in women ages 50-59.  The problems with hormone therapy is synthetics and overdosing.  The problem with the WHI was they used medroxy progesterone acetate--a synthetic progestin.   That is not progesterone.  This study estimated that 91,000 + died due to the uneducated view that estrogen HRT is dangerous.  What is dangerous is leaving the HRT and BHRT recommendations to those with conflicts of interest and a lack of knowledge of the science.

Truly horrifying statistic not reported anywhere.  Hospital care has been associated with > 400,000 deaths annually.  The third leading cause of death is medical therapies/treatments.

Very disturbing trend.  Study finds that opioid addicted infants are on a dramatic risk in the US.  This study looked at Neionatal abstinence syndrome from 2000 to 2009.  This follows the significant increase in maternal opioid prescription use.  We physicians must do better.  Patients must demand better.  This study just focused on hospital costs directly associated with the Neonatal period.  No cost estimates are evaluated for long-term care.

Only abstract available here.  The authors of the this epidemiologic article estimate that 58,000 cases of breast cancer and 49,000 cases of colorectal cancer can be prevented annually by raising levels to 40-60.  The study also points to a new cancer model that Vitamin D has a positive effect at each step.  The acronym is DINOMIT and this stands for disjunction, initiation, natural selection, overgrowth, metastasis, involution, and transition.

Palmitoleic acid and estimated D6D activity found to positively correlate with diabetes and worsening glucose control;  In contrast, linoleum acid found to be inversely associated with glucose control and Diabetes development.

1 in 2 adult Americans projected to be obese by 2030.  This study estimates an additional $66 billion /year to the medical costs in USA....unsustainable.