Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome - - Satoshi Nishimura - D... - 0 views
www.discoverymedicine.com/...obesity-and-metabolic-syndrome
inflammation obesity metabolic syndrome fat adipose tissue innate immune system humoral
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Activation of inflammatory pathways in adipocytes impairs triglyceride storage and increases release of free fatty acids, an excess of which is known to induce insulin resistance in muscle and liver
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It has been postulated that a paracrine loop involving free fatty acids and inflammatory cytokines establishes a vicious cycle between adipocytes and macrophages that propagates the inflammation
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not only does interrupting the accumulation of macrophages within obese adipose tissue suppresses adipose inflammation in various animal models, it also ameliorates systemic insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities, suggesting macrophages are key effector cells involved in adipose inflammation
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CD8+ T cells within obese adipose tissue induce activation and migration of monocytes/macrophages, and in cooperation with the adipose tissue, they also induce macrophage differentiation. At the same time, obese adipose tissue activates CD8+ T cells, creating a vicious cycle involving CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and obese adipose tissue that propagates local inflammation
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In obese adipose tissue there is a shift to dominance of CD8+ and TH1 T cells, which appears to propagate inflammation