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Time that physicians start following the science.  Study using data from the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis was used to assess hormones and fatty liver in men and women.  Increasing bioavailable Testosterone levels in women was found to be associated with increasing fatty liver in post-menopausal women.  The opposite was found to be true in men.  Higher Estradiol levels were found to be associated with increased fatty liver in both sexes.  However, the statistical significance was higher with men.  Higher SHBG was associated with lower fatty liver incidence in men.  

Fructose upregulates fructokinase activity and this increase liver triglyceride production increasing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease also known as NAFLD.

Fatty liver is most common liver abnormality in children 2 - 19.  Accounting for 13% of children in this study

in those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, low adiponectin is associated with the insulin resistance, not the NAFLD.  But of course, insulin resistance leads to NAFLD

Elevated uric acid levels up regulate fructose metabolism to triglycerides and fatty liver.  This study finds that liver mitochondrial oxidative stress is also evident.  This mitochondrial dysfunction also leads to compromised ATP production and fat accumulation specifically through inhibition of aconitase..

Insulin resistance and fatty liver

Low Testosterone increased nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in men. The prevalence of NAFLD reached 85% with Total Testosterone was < 300 ng/dl.  Free Testosterone required a greater drop to increase the NAFLD, but it to still was found to be associated.

high dose IV glutathione shown to reduce liver enzymes and thus liver cell damage in those with chronic fatty liver disease

Oral NAC useful for elevated liver enzymes in NAFLD

Mediterranean diet decreases fatty liver deposits in NAFLD at 6 months.

Mediterranean diet reduced insulin resistance and liver steatosis in those with NAFLD.

In those with NAFLD, mediterranean diet associated with reduced insulin resistance and reduced severity of liver disease; it did not resolve NAFLD

with an estimated 25% of Americans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), elevated liver enzymes are becoming a more common finding.  Nice review article on what the tests mean and what disease are underlying.

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the new epidemic.  But the scary point is NAFLD is found in many of our children.  As goes obesity, so goes NAFLD

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease the result of Metabolic syndrome.  New epidemic associated with obesity. Scary statistics about the children of America.

obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are one in the same.

Fatty Liver is component of Metabolic Syndrome

Vicious cycle.  High fructose intake increases uric acid production.  Hyperuricemia then leads to further Fructose metabolism.  This study finds that hyperuricemia upregulates the fructokinase enzyme that is the first step in fructose metabolism.  This upregulation will increase fructose metabolism and increase fat accumulation in the liver.

PCBs, Pb, and Hg associated with elevated liver enzymes, and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.  

Very nice updated review on Metabolic endotoxemia