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"Friday, December 18, 2009 Omega 3 Fatty Acid and Adiponectin Levels Today my wife was watching the Oprah show. A commercial came on and I looked up. It was a Christmas special on liposuction in the local area. Considering that the fat tissue (adipose tissue) is now viewed as an endocrine organ and not just a collection of fat cells, I have always thought that sucking out the fat cells maybe a bad idea. Yet, I have never seen proof of this. But, the science of the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ is relatively new. It seems that in the medical literature adiponectin is receiving the most attention from all of the other adipose hormones - or also referred to as adipokines. This is for good reason. As stated before, adiponectin has the following effects: * reduces liver glucose production * increases glucose uptake in the muscles and adipose tissues * causes oxidation of fats which leads to less lipid production * has anti-inflammatory properties * protects the heart against ischemia and reduces myocardial infarct size * acts as an anti-clotting factor * increases nitric oxide production in the vasculature leading to a greater dilation of the vessels"

July 16, 2008 - Both a low-carbohydrate diet or a Mediterranean-style diet may be "effective alternatives" to a low-fat diet, with more favorable effects on lipids and/or glycemic control, new research suggests [1]. The two-year study, which managed to keep almost 85% of the 322 study participants on one of the three diets for the entire period, offers the hope that weight-loss diets can be tailored to personal preferences, without sacrificing efficacy, researchers say. "Several recent one-year dietary studies have led the American Diabetes Association to state in January 2008 that low-carb diets should be considered for a maximum of one year," lead author on the study, Dr Iris Shai (Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel), told heartwire . "The current two-year study suggests that one low-fat diet doesn't fit all, meaning that the old paradigm should be reconsidered." Shai and colleagues publish the results of the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) in the July 17, 2008 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine

July 16, 2008 | Shelley Wood Beer-Sheva, Israel - Both a low-carbohydrate diet or a Mediterranean-style diet may be "effective alternatives" to a low-fat diet, with more favorable effects on lipids and/or glycemic control, new research suggests [1]. The two-year study, which managed to keep almost 85% of the 322 study participants on one of the three diets for the entire period, offers the hope that weight-loss diets can be tailored to personal preferences, without sacrificing efficacy, researchers say. "Several recent one-year dietary studies have led the American Diabetes Association to state in January 2008 that low-carb diets should be considered for a maximum of one year," lead author on the study, Dr Iris Shai (Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel), told heartwire. "The current two-year study suggests that one low-fat diet doesn't fit all, meaning that the old paradigm should be reconsidered." Shai and colleagues publish the results of the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) in the July 17, 2008 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine

"(WebMD) Eating a low-fat vegan diet may be better at managing type 2 diabetes than traditional diets, according to a new study. Researchers found 43 percent of people with type 2 diabetes who followed a low-fat vegan diet for 22 weeks reduced their need to take medications to manage their disease compared with 26 percent of those who followed the diet recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). In addition, participants who followed the vegan diet experienced greater reductions in cholesterol levels and weight loss than those on the other diet."

Egg breakfast enhances weight loss. Vander Wal JS, Gupta A, Khosla P, Dhurandhar NV. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Oct;32(10):1545-51. Epub 2008 Aug 5. PMID: 18679412 doi: 10.1038/ijo.2008.130 Conclusions The egg breakfast enhances weight loss, when combined with an energy-deficit diet, but does not induce weight loss in a free-living condition. The inclusion of eggs in a weight management program may offer a nutritious supplement to enhance weight loss.

Consumption of cod and weight loss in young overweight and obese adults on an energy reduced diet for 8-weeks. Ramel A, Jonsdottir MT, Thorsdottir I. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Dec;19(10):690-6. Epub 2009 Apr 8. PMID: 19356912 Conclusion A dose-response relationship between cod consumption and weight loss during an 8-week energy restriction diet is found and 5×150g cod/week results in 1.7kg greater weight loss in young overweight or obese adults than a isocaloric diet without seafood

As we noted in this article back in July, there are several hormones and neurotransmitters that have noteworthy effects on appetite and eating behavior, and as a result are of much interest with respect to weight gain (or loss) and obesity. The two mentioned in that article were NPY and PYY. The protein leptin is another hormone of this sort. It is often discussed in connection with obesity, because it is believed to increase metabolism and decrease appetite (as a signal of satiety). Another hormone, ghrelin, is produced in the stomach as a signal of hunger, and so it increases appetite.

Separate effects of reduced carbohydrate intake and weight loss on atherogenic dyslipidemia -- Krauss et al. 83 (5): 1025 -- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Changes in peak LDL diameter (Table 2) and mass concentrations of LDL subfractions (Table 3) induced by each of the diets were reflected by changes in the proportions of subjects exhibiting LDL subclass pattern B (Figure 2). There were linear reductions in the prevalence of pattern B as a function of reduced carbohydrate intake after both the stable-weight and weight-loss periods. However, the slopes of these relations differed (P = 0.04) such that the magnitude of the reduction in expression of pattern B induced by weight loss increased in association with the percentage of carbohydrate intake. Conclusions: Moderate carbohydrate restriction and weight loss provide equivalent but nonadditive approaches to improving atherogenic dyslipidemia. Moreover, beneficial lipid changes resulting from a reduced carbohydrate intake were not significant after weight loss. Separate effects of reduced carbohydrate intake and weight loss on atherogenic dyslipidemia. Krauss RM, Blanche PJ, Rawlings RS, Fernstrom HS, Williams PT. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 May;83(5):1025-31; quiz 1205. Erratum in: Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;84(3):668. PMID: 16685042

The HCA Diet, The Human Conjugated Collagen Diet, is an effective and fast-acting weight loss program that is combined with moderate calorie restriction with the administration of human choroidal gonadotropin (HCA). The aim of the HCA Diet is to reduce body fat and improve insulin sensitivity while increasing lean body mass and decreasing total cholesterol. For this reason, many people who are overweight or obese choose to use the HCA Diet to meet their weight loss goals.