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Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone for the aging male; current evidence and recommended practice - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2544367

leptin Testosterone low T low Testosterone male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Total serum testosterone consists of free testosterone (2%–3%), testosterone bound to sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (45%) and testosterone bound to other proteins (mainly albumin −50%)
  • Testosterone binds only loosely to albumin and so this testosterone as well as free testosterone is available to tissues and is termed bioavailable testosterone
  • Testosterone bound to SHBG is tightly bound and is biologically inactive
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Bioavailable and free testosterone are known to correlate better than total testosterone with clinical sequelae of androgenization such as bone mineral density and muscle strength
  • peak levels seen in the morning following sleep, which can be maintained into the seventh decade
  • Samples should always be taken in the morning before 11 am
  • The reliable measurement of serum free testosterone requires equilibrium dialysis. This is not appropriate for clinical use as it is very time consuming and therefore expensive.
  • With increasing age, a greater number of men have total testosterone levels just below the normal range or in the low-normal range. In these patients total testosterone can be an unreliable indicator of hypogonadal status.
  • It is advised that at least two serum testosterone measurements, taken before 11 am on different mornings, are necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
  • Patients with serum total testosterone consistently below 8 nmol/l invariably demonstrate the clinical syndrome of hypogonadism and are likely to benefit from treatment. Patients with serum total testosterone in the range 8–12 nmol/l often have symptoms attributable to hypogonadism and it may be decided to offer either a clinical trial of testosterone treatment or to make further efforts to define serum bioavailable or free testosterone and then reconsider treatment. Patients with serum total testosterone persistently above 12 nmol/l do not have hypogonadism and symptoms are likely to be due to other disease states or ageing per se so testosterone treatment is not indicated.
  • Total testosterone levels fall at an average of 1.6% per year whilst free and bioavailable levels fall by 2%–3% per year.
  • With advancing age there is also a reduction in androgen receptor concentration in some target tissues and this may contribute to the clinical syndrome of LOH
  • Metabolic clearance declines with age
  • Gonadotrophin levels rise during aging (Feldman et al 2002) and testicular secretory responses to recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) are reduced
  • There are changes in the lutenising hormone (LH) production which consist of decreased LH pulse frequency and amplitude, (Veldhuis et al 1992; Pincus et al 1997) although pituitary production of LH in response to pharmacological stimulation with exogenous GnRH analogues is preserved
  • the decreases in testosterone levels with aging seem to reflect changes at all levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Oct 14
     
    Leptin inhibits male Testosterone production at the level of the hypothalamus and at the testicle level.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone levels improve in obese men following a common weight-loss operation: Sleeve gastrectomy procedure is beneficial in lowering BMI, raising testosterone levels in obese men, leading to other health benefits -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...151005151204.htm

low Testosterone low T Testosterone men hormones bariatric surgery

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Nov 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Nov 15
     
    The ignorance of this authors statements is unmeasurable.  Numerous other studies have shown weight loss in men with obesity is associated with increased Testosterone production.  My book highlights the mechanism by which adipose tissue decreased Testosterone production.  The author was quoted as pointed to no Testosterone replacement (even if levels are low????) despite the evidence that Testosterone will improve glucose metabolism, build muscle (reverse sarcopenia obesity), improve cholesterol metabolism,  and significantly aid Diabetes control just to name a few; yet the author says, give surgery instead.  I am sure the author is a surgeon and thus bias might, just might, be present.
wheelchairindia9

Tynor Walker Boot - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Walker-Boot

Tynor Walker Boot Walker Boot Walker Boots Tynor Walker Tynor Walkers tynor walking boot walker boot tynor

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 22 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 22 Mar 16
     
    Tynor Walker Boot is designed by the Tynor to rehabilitate the person after injury or fracture. It allows easy movement as well as supports the ankle and leg. This can be a great substitute for cast and also useful during early cast removal. It can also be used during sprain in the foot and this walker gives great relief to the pain. It can easily do any mild activity. It also works for the persons with a lower leg and will give an equal level of the lower feet as well as reduces the pressure. It effectively enclosed the muscles of the leg or foot during the fracture and gives comfort without disturbing the recovery process. This walker boot is made up from the good quality material. It has Aluminum lateral bars that are corrosion free. It is light in weight and provides enhanced mobility. It gives sturdy support to feet and leg. Its Hook Loop system allows to adjust it according to the comfort. It is also infused with Foam liner and Pad set that gives soft feet and also provides great support. It is available in different sizes. Tynor Walker Boot Tynor Walker Boot is designed for rehabilitation after injury, fracture , sprains or surgery of foot, ankle or lower leg. The boots provide support to the ankle and leg without inhibiting mobility. They can be a substitute for cast or can be used in case of early cast removal. With a wider rocker bottom, these boots promote a natural gait, reduced plantar pressure, enhanced stability and comfort to the lower leg. Light weight. Sturdy Support. Enhanced mobility. Maintains normal gait. Tynor Walker Boot Features Moulded foot Improves gait Rocker sole-helps in easy ambulation Offers stabilization of the foot ankle and the lower leg Comfortable positioning and protection of the foot Aluminum lateral bars Rigid support-Improved immobilization of the ankle and the lower leg Malleable, shape can be customized for better fitting and support Foam liner and Pad set Ensure extreme comfort Ensure per
Nathan Goodyear

Amino acid management in cancer - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4800996

amino acids cancer nutrition diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 19 - No Cached
hoangkimchi liked it
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 19
     
    Serine, glycine, glutamine, glutamate, asparagine upregulated in cancer. Most glutamine is converted to glutamate to drive alpha-ketoglutarate production to drive energy production. It also upregulates mTOR signaling.
Rahul Sharma

Axiva - Find Best Quality Lab Filtration Products and Laboratory Filters - 0 views

www.axivafilters.com

Lab Filtration Products Laboratoty Filters

shared by Rahul Sharma on 21 Jun 18 - No Cached
  • Rahul Sharma on 21 Jun 18
     
    Axiva Sichem Pvt.Ltd is a global source of laboratory filtration products and laboratory filters. We offer a wide range of laboratory filtration equipment supplies including filter paper, filter funnels, syringe filters, vacuum filtration funnel and more.
Nathan Goodyear

Reduced breast cancer incidence in women treated with subcutaneous testosterone, or testosterone with anastrozole: a prospective, observational study. - PubMed - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24028858

Testosterone anastrozole aromatase inhibitor breast cancer Estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jul 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jul 19
     
    Study finds that Testosterone therapy in women with breast cancer reduces breast cancer incidence if DHT is the final product. Anastrozole as an AI was added to ensure estradiol was not the final product and DHT was.
vishal Parasrampuria

28mm PCO Preforms manufacturers in india - 0 views

vishalpet.blogspot.in/...ms-manufacturers-in-india.html

Pet preform PET preforms prices PET bottle preforms PET bottle preform price Pet preform manufacturers 28mm PCO Preforms

shared by vishal Parasrampuria on 02 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • vishal Parasrampuria on 02 Sep 17
     
    We offer a wide range of PET Preforms manufactured from excellent quality plastic. Our Pet Preform Product are available in all Neck size, Neck Type, Weight and Color.We offer a wide range of Pet Preform Manufacturers from excellent quality plastic. Our Pet Preform Product are available in all Neck size, Neck Type, Weight and Color.
Nathan Goodyear

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) potentiates hydrogen peroxide toxicity in T98G astrocytoma cells by suppression of anti-oxidative and growth factor gene expression - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2631585

LPS lipopolysaccharides microglia astrocytes brain H2O2 inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Sep 17
     
    good review of proposed mechanism of how LPS aids in cell death of astrocytes in vivo: LPS damages the endothelium of the BBB, leading to increase permeability.  This exposes astrocytes to LPS directly.  LPS suppressed genetic expression of antioxidant genes.  LPS stimulates cytokine production, including the production of H2O2 from microglial cells in the brain.  An up regulation of iNOS occurs and in the presence of weakened ability to protect against NO and its metabolites occurs.  
snfilms

Handicrafts - Gift Items making Video by Debjani | SN Films Performing Arts - 0 views

Snfilms snfpa origami papercrafts

shared by snfilms on 12 Apr 21 - No Cached
  • snfilms on 12 Apr 21
     
    #PaperCrafts #Origami making by Debjani Chattopadhyay An SN FILMS #Handicrafts video created by Sanjib Nath production manager Debasmita Chattopadhyay , Production team #SNFPA https://youtu.be/DhG3FXrs744 Please subscribe, like and comment us for more such videos.
freshbombsusa

How CBD treatment gift sets is Effective for Health? - 0 views

sites.google.com/...ts-of-unique-cbd-oil-gift-sets

CBD cbd products cbd oil cbd treatment gift sets cbd spa products cbd oil gift sets made in usa health products healthyliifestyle cbd business wholesale cbd products

shared by freshbombsusa on 08 Jun 20 - No Cached
  • freshbombsusa on 08 Jun 20
     
    Cannabidiol is a popular option used for the treatment of ailments. People using it can consume in different forms to get relief from medical issues, negating the mind-altering effects. Do you want to choose CBD treatment gift sets for the treatment? If yes, visit our online store now and to know how CBD treatment gift sets effective for health then read our blog.
pharmacybiz

Avacta Halts Sale Of Covid-19 Rapid Antigen LFT - 0 views

www.pharmacy.biz/t-to-boost-omicron-sensitivity

Avacta pharmacy-business Do-lateral-flow-tests-detect-omicron rapid-antigen-LFT-AffiDX Rapid-antigen-test Can-lateral-flow-tests-detect-omicron

shared by pharmacybiz on 11 Jan 22 - No Cached
  • pharmacybiz on 11 Jan 22
     
    Britain's biotech firm Avacta Group on Monday (January 10) announced halting sales of its Covid-19 rapid antigen lateral flow test AffiDX to replace antibodies in the device and increase its ability to diagnose the Omicron variant. The company stated that AffiDX is capable of detecting Omicron when the virus is present in high numbers in samples, but the sensitivity of the test reduces at lower viral loads. The performance of all rapid antigen tests came under scanner in wake of a large number of mutations in the Omicron variant. AffiDX contains both a proprietary Affimer reagent and a commercially available antibody. The Affimer reagent detects the Omicron variant with the same sensitivity as the Delta variant, and performance of the antibody is paired with the Affimer reagent in the test. This has been affected by the additional Omicron mutations, the firm said. Alastair Smith, chief executive of Avacta Group, said: "Our determination to only provide high quality, high performance diagnostic tests has led us to the correct decision to pause all marketing of the AffiDX® lateral flow antigen test. We have, of course, been unable to market the product in the UK since October 2021, as the product continues to await approval under the new CTDA regulatory process.
forestgood

Cheap Flights, Airline Tickets & Airfares - Find Deals on Flights at WayAway.io - 0 views

wayaway.tp.st/H2IZEX39

hotel

shared by forestgood on 15 Aug 23 - No Cached
  • forestgood on 15 Aug 23
     
    Here's some additional information about the specific hotels and brand offers available through our platform: Hotels: Our handpicked selection of hotels caters to a variety of tastes and preferences. Whether you're seeking a tranquil beachfront retreat, a vibrant city center stay, or a cozy countryside escape, we have partnered with top-notch establishments to ensure a memorable experience. Each hotel offers unique amenities, luxurious accommodations, and exceptional service, ensuring your stay is nothing short of extraordinary. Tickets: Our ticket offerings encompass a wide range of events and attractions. From sports games and concerts to theater performances and cultural exhibitions, we provide access to sought-after experiences. With our ticket deals, you can secure coveted seats, enjoy VIP access, and immerse yourself in the excitement of live entertainment. Enhance your travel itinerary with unforgettable memories. Brand Offers: We have collaborated with renowned brands to bring you exclusive offers and promotions across various industries. From fashion and beauty to technology and lifestyle, our brand partners have crafted special deals tailored to our community. Enjoy discounts, unique packages, and access to limited-edition products, elevating your everyday life with exceptional quality and value. By going straight to the product page, our platform ensures a streamlined and user-friendly experience. This allows you to explore the details, features, and pricing of each hotel, ticket, or brand offer directly, increasing the convenience and efficiency of your purchase process. Discover extraordinary accommodations, secure tickets to unforgettable events, and indulge in exclusive brand offers through our platform. Begin your journey and unlock remarkable experiences today! VISIT THIS BY CLICKING HERE: https://sharecta.com/l/40x4cx4xarc44
Nathan Goodyear

Toxicity of the spike protein of COVID-19 is a redox shift phenomenon: A novel therapeutic approach - ScienceDirect - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0891584923005014

COVID19 COVID-19 cancer inflammation SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins COVID spikeopathy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Sep 23 - No Cached
  • Redox shift is due to Warburg effect and mitochondrial impairment.
  • Redox shift is due to Warburg effect and mitochondrial impairment.
  • Redox shift is due to Warburg effect and mitochondrial impairment.
  • ...88 more annotations...
  • The cytokine storm is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction
  • The cytokine storm is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction
  • The cytokine storm is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction
  • The cytokine storm is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Lipoic acid, Methylene Blue and Chlorine dioxide relieve COVID-19 spike protein toxicity
  • Lipoic acid, Methylene Blue and Chlorine dioxide relieve COVID-19 spike protein toxicity
  • Lipoic acid, Methylene Blue and Chlorine dioxide relieve COVID-19 spike protein toxicity
  • Lipoic acid, Methylene Blue and Chlorine dioxide relieve COVID-19 spike protein toxicity
  • most diseases display a form of anabolism due to mitochondrial impairment
  • most diseases display a form of anabolism due to mitochondrial impairment
  • most diseases display a form of anabolism due to mitochondrial impairment
  • infection by Covid-19 follows a similar pattern
  • chronic inflammation
  • Long-term effects include redox shift and cellular anabolism as a result of the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Long-term effects include redox shift and cellular anabolism as a result of the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Long-term effects include redox shift and cellular anabolism as a result of the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Long-term effects include redox shift and cellular anabolism as a result of the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • infection by Covid-19 follows a similar pattern
  • unrelenting anabolism leads to the cytokine storm,
  • unrelenting anabolism leads to the cytokine storm,
  • unrelenting anabolism leads to the cytokine storm,
  • chronic inflammation
  • chronic inflammation
  • infection by Covid-19 follows a similar pattern
  • Lipoic acid and Methylene Blue have been shown to enhance the mitochondrial activity, relieve the Warburg effect and increase catabolism
  • Lipoic acid and Methylene Blue have been shown to enhance the mitochondrial activity, relieve the Warburg effect and increase catabolism
  • Lipoic acid and Methylene Blue have been shown to enhance the mitochondrial activity, relieve the Warburg effect and increase catabolism
  • Methylene Blue, Chlorine dioxide and Lipoic acid may help reduce long-term Covid-19 effects by stimulating the catabolism
  • Methylene Blue, Chlorine dioxide and Lipoic acid may help reduce long-term Covid-19 effects by stimulating the catabolism
  • Methylene Blue, Chlorine dioxide and Lipoic acid may help reduce long-term Covid-19 effects by stimulating the catabolism
  • direct consequence of redox iMeBalance, itself a consequence of decreased energy yield by the mitochondria
  • direct consequence of redox iMeBalance, itself a consequence of decreased energy yield by the mitochondria
  • mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of lactate, which are important characteristics of metabolic shift and Warburg effect in many diseases
  • mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of lactate, which are important characteristics of metabolic shift and Warburg effect in many diseases
  • increased lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) was observed in COVID-19 patients
  • increased lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) was observed in COVID-19 patients
  • almost every disease presents an increased anabolism
  • almost every disease presents an increased anabolism
  • cell division is the most sophisticated way to release entropy
  • cell division is the most sophisticated way to release entropy
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 01 Sep 23
       
      Wow
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 01 Sep 23
       
      Wow
  • transition from catabolism to anabolism is driven by a redox shift
  • transition from catabolism to anabolism is driven by a redox shift
  • viral spike protein binds to ACE2 receptor of the host cell [22,23].
  • redox signaling plays an important role in regulating immune function and inflammation, and disruptions in this signaling can lead to excessive cytokine production and immune system activation
  • Aging is associated with a poor control of the redox balance
  • thiol/disulfide homeostasis
  • reduced extracellular environment in the elderly and the increased susceptibility to Covid-19 infection
  • reduced extracellular environment in the elderly and the increased susceptibility to Covid-19 infection
  • Redox signaling tightly modulates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress has been reported in acute Covid-19
  • People at high risk are the elderly, patients suffering from metabolic syndrome such as obesity, or those suffering from chronic diseases such as cancer or inflammation
  • COVID-19 patients with severe disease have higher levels of oxidative stress markers and lower antioxidant levels
  • oxidative stress can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is a protein complex that plays a key role in the cytokine storm
  • inflammation leads to the formation of ROS and RNS, while redox iMeBalance results in cellular damage, which in turn triggers an inflammatory response
  • persistently elevated mtROS triggers endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which results in a vicious loop involving ROS, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Damaged mitochondria releasing ROS induce inflammation via the NLRP3 inflammasome
  • Damaged mitochondria releasing ROS induce inflammation via the NLRP3 inflammasome
  • reduced environment during the cytokine storm
  • IL-2 is highly up-regulated in Covid-19 patients [37], and IL-2 is known to significantly stimulate the generation of NO in patients
  • Nitric acid is also the key mediator of IL-2-induced hypotension and vascular leak syndrome
  • mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis of Covid-19
  • mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by SARS-CoV-2 leads to damage to the mitochondria
  • mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by SARS-CoV-2 leads to damage to the mitochondria
  • As catabolism is decreased, entropy is released through anabolism
  • Elevated levels of lactate, a characteristic of the Warburg effect, were also reported in the high-risk Covid-19
  • elevated levels of ventricular lactic acid consistent with oxidative stress
  • A decrease of ΔΨm is implicated in several inflammation-related diseases
  • decrease in ΔΨm in leucocytes from Covid-19 patients
  • vaccinated with RNA or DNA vaccines triggering the synthesis of the viral spike protein in human cells
  • viral reactivation in varicella-zoster virus [55] or hepatitis [56], coagulopathy and resulting stroke and myocarditis following both DNA-based vaccines [57] and RNA-based vaccines
  • Covid-19, mitochondrial impairment
  • characteristic of the Warburg effect is present in almost every disease and appears to be a central feature in most of the hallmarks of cancer
  • inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased lactate concentrations in the extracellular fluid
  • In Covid-19, like any inflammation, there is a metabolic rewiring where cells rely on glycolysis
  • As the mitochondria are impaired, the infected cell cannot catabolize efficiently. It will release lactic acid in the blood stream
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 01 Sep 23
       
      Mitochondrial impairment
  • Striking similarities are seen between cancer, Alzheimer's disease and Covid-19, all related to the Warburg effect
  • Cancer, inflammation, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases share a common peculiarity, the inability of the cell to export entropy outside the body in the harmless form of heat
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 01 Sep 23
       
      Entropy: lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder.
  • MEB relieves the Warburg effect [87], improves memory [77], is active in the treatment of depressive episodes [79,80] and reduces the importance of ischemic strokes
  • MEB relieves the Warburg effect [87], improves memory [77], is active in the treatment of depressive episodes [79,80] and reduces the importance of ischemic strokes
  • MEB has been shown to inhibit SARS-Cov-2 replication in vitro
  • MEB has been shown to inhibit SARS-Cov-2 replication in vitro
  • It has been shown that Covid-19-patients treated with MEB, have a significant reduction in hospital stay duration and mortality
  • MeB is an acceptor-donor molecule
  • MeB + can take a pair of electrons (of H atoms) and MeBH can release this pair easily, so that MeB is partially recycled like a catalyst
  • MeB acts as an electron bridge between a donor (FADH2, FMNH, NADH) and an acceptor (complex IV of ETC or oxygen itself)
  • As a coenzyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) initiates the formation of acetyl-CoA to feed the TCA cycle
  • ALA enhances the catabolism of carbon. cycle and therefore may reduce the Warburg effect and consequently, lactate production
  • Methylene Blue plays a similar role after the TCA cycle, by carrying electrons to complex IV of the electron transport chain
  • Drugs such as lipoic acid and MeB, which target the metabolism, decrease the redox shift by increasing catabolism
umar111

Yves Saint Laurent perfume - 0 views

plazzapk.blogspot.com/...ves-saint-laurent-perfume.html

Best Perfumes

shared by umar111 on 30 Mar 23 - No Cached
  • umar111 on 30 Mar 23
     
    Yves Saint Laurent is a brand that has become synonymous with luxury, sophistication, and style. Founded by Yves Saint Laurent himself in 1961, the brand has established a reputation for producing some of the most iconic fashion designs and beauty products of all time. One of the most popular products in the Yves Saint Laurent beauty line is their perfume collection. From their classic fragrances to their newer additions, Yves Saint Laurent perfumes are a staple in any fragrance collection.
Rachel Renner

Superb Anti-Snoring Device - 1 views

Noiselezz is the best anti-snoring device that I have ever tried. My wife was about to kick me out of our bedroom until I have found KVG Australia's anti-snoring product. Honestly, I have already t...

started by Rachel Renner on 15 Oct 12 no follow-up yet
Stanley Bishop

Save Me From Snoring - 1 views

started by Stanley Bishop on 16 Jan 13 no follow-up yet
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone: a vascular hormone in health and disease - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...R47.full

testosterone hormone health disease hormones men male cardiovascular disease CVD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 13 - No Cached
  • Testosterone has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk factors, which include cholesterol, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation
  • In clinical studies, acute and chronic testosterone administration increases coronary artery diameter and flow, improves cardiac ischaemia and symptoms in men with chronic stable angina and reduces peripheral vascular resistance in chronic heart failure.
  • testosterone is an L-calcium channel blocker and induces potassium channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells
  • ...54 more annotations...
  • Animal studies have consistently demonstrated that testosterone is atheroprotective, whereas testosterone deficiency promotes the early stages of atherogenesis
  • there is no compelling evidence that testosterone replacement to levels within the normal healthy range contributes adversely to the pathogenesis of CVD (Carson & Rosano 2011) or prostate cancer (Morgentaler & Schulman 2009)
  • bidirectional effect between decreased testosterone concentrations and disease pathology exists as concomitant cardiovascular risk factors (including inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance) are known to reduce testosterone levels and that testosterone confers beneficial effects on these cardiovascular risk factors
  • Achieving a normal physiological testosterone concentration through the administration of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been shown to improve risk factors for atherosclerosis including reducing central adiposity and insulin resistance and improving lipid profiles (in particular, lowering cholesterol), clotting and inflammatory profiles and vascular function
  • It is well known that impaired erectile function and CVD are closely related in that ED can be the first clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis often preceding a cardiovascular event by 3–5 years
  • no decrease in the response (i.e. no tachyphylaxis) of testosterone and that patient benefit persists in the long term.
  • free testosterone levels within the physiological range, has been shown to result in a marked increase in both flow- and nitroglycerin-mediated brachial artery vasodilation in men with CAD
  • Clinical studies, however, have revealed either small reductions of 2–3 mm in diastolic pressure or no significant effects when testosterone is replaced within normal physiological limits in humans
  • Endothelium-independent mechanisms of testosterone are considered to occur primarily via the inhibition of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (VOCCs) and/or activation of K+ channels (KCs) on smooth muscle cells (SMCs)
  • Testosterone shares the same molecular binding site as nifedipine
  • Testosterone increases the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and enhances nitric oxide (NO) production
  • Testosterone also inhibited the Ca2+ influx response to PGF2α
  • one of the major actions of testosterone is on NO and its signalling pathways
  • In addition to direct effects on NOS expression, testosterone may also affect phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5 (PDE5A)) gene expression, an enzyme controlling the degradation of cGMP, which acts as a vasodilatory second messenger
  • the significance of the action of testosterone on VSMC apoptosis and proliferation in atherosclerosis is difficult to delineate and may be dependent upon the stage of plaque development
  • Several human studies have shown that carotid IMT (CIMT) and aortic calcification negatively correlate with serum testosterone
  • t long-term testosterone treatment reduced CIMT in men with low testosterone levels and angina
  • neither intracellular nor membrane-associated ARs are required for the rapid vasodilator effect
  • acute responses appear to be AR independent, long-term AR-mediated effects on the vasculature have also been described, primarily in the context of vascular tone regulation via the modulation of gene transcription
  • Testosterone and DHT increased the expression of eNOS in HUVECs
  • oestrogens have been shown to activate eNOS and stimulate NO production in an ERα-dependent manner
  • Several studies, however, have demonstrated that the vasodilatory actions of testosterone are not reduced by aromatase inhibition
  • non-aromatisable DHT elicited similar vasodilation to testosterone treatment in arterial smooth muscle
  • increased endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression and phosphorylation were observed in testosterone- and DHT-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells
  • Androgen deprivation leads to a reduction in neuronal NOS expression associated with a decrease of intracavernosal pressure in penile arteries during erection, an effect that is promptly reversed by androgen replacement therapy
  • Observational evidence suggests that several pro-inflammatory cytokines (including interleukin 1β (IL1β), IL6, tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), and highly sensitive CRP) and serum testosterone levels are inversely associated in patients with CAD, T2DM and/or hypogonadism
  • patients with the highest IL1β concentrations had lower endogenous testosterone levels
  • TRT has been reported to significantly reduce TNFα and elevate the circulating anti-inflammatory IL10 in hypogonadal men with CVD
  • testosterone treatment to normalise levels in hypogonadal men with the MetS resulted in a significant reduction in the circulating CRP, IL1β and TNFα, with a trend towards lower IL6 compared with placebo
  • parenteral testosterone undecanoate, CRP decreased significantly in hypogonadal elderly men
  • Higher levels of serum adiponectin have been shown to lower cardiovascular risk
  • Research suggests that the expression of VCAM-1, as induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα or interferon γ (IFNγ (IFNG)) in endothelial cells, can be attenuated by treatment with testosterone
  • Testosterone also inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL6, IL1β and TNFα in a range of cell types including human endothelial cells
  • decreased inflammatory response to TNFα and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human endothelial cells when treated with DHT
  • The key to unravelling the link between testosterone and its role in atherosclerosis may lay in the understanding of testosterone signalling and the cross-talk between receptors and intracellular events that result in pro- and/or anti-inflammatory actions in athero-sensitive cells.
  • testosterone functions through the AR to modulate adhesion molecule expression
  • pre-treatment with DHT reduced the cytokine-stimulated inflammatory response
  • DHT inhibited NFκB activation
  • DHT could inhibit an LPS-induced upregulation of MCP1
  • Both NFκB and AR act at the transcriptional level and have been experimentally found to be antagonistic to each other
  • As the AR and NFκB are mutual antagonists, their interaction and influence on functions can be bidirectional, with inflammatory agents that activate NFκB interfering with normal androgen signalling as well as the AR interrupting NFκB inflammatory transcription
  • prolonged exposure of vascular cells to the inflammatory activation of NFκB associated with atherosclerosis may reduce or alter any potentially protective effects of testosterone
  • DHT and IFNγ also modulate each other's signalling through interaction at the transcriptional level, suggesting that androgens down-regulate IFN-induced genes
  • (Simoncini et al. 2000a,b). Norata et al. (2010) suggest that part of the testosterone-mediated atheroprotective effects could depend on ER activation mediated by the testosterone/DHT 3β-derivative, 3β-Adiol
  • TNFα-induced induction of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin as well as MCP1 and IL6 was significantly reduced by a pre-incubation with 3β-Adiol in HUVECs
  • 3β-Adiol also reduced LPS-induced gene expression of IL6, TNFα, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2 (PTGS2)), CD40, CX3CR1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, MMP9, resistin, pentraxin-3 and MCP1 in the monocytic cell line U937 (Norata et al. 2010)
  • This study suggests that testosterone metabolites, other than those generated through aromatisation, could exert anti-inflammatory effects that are mediated by ER activation.
  • The authors suggest that DHT differentially effects COX2 levels under physiological and pathophysiological conditions in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells and via AR-dependent and -independent mechanisms influenced by the physiological state of the cell
  • There are, however, a number of systematic meta-analyses of clinical trials of TRT that have not demonstrated an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events or mortality
  • The TOM trial, which was designed to investigate the effect of TRT on frailty in elderly men, was terminated prematurely as a result of an increased incidence of cardiovascular-related events after 6 months in the treatment arm
  • trials of TRT in men with either chronic stable angina or chronic cardiac failure have also found no increase in either cardiovascular events or mortality in studies up to 12 months
  • Evidence may therefore suggest that low testosterone levels and testosterone levels above the normal range have an adverse effect on CVD, whereas testosterone levels titrated to within the mid- to upper-normal range have at least a neutral effect or, taking into account the knowledge of the beneficial effects of testosterone on a series of cardiovascular risk factors, there may possibly be a cardioprotective action
  • The effect of testosterone on human vascular function is a complex issue and may be dependent upon the underlying androgen and/or disease status.
  • the majority of studies suggest that testosterone may display both acute and chronic vasodilatory effects upon various vascular beds at both physiological and supraphysiological concentrations and via endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 13
     
    Good deep look into the testosterone and CVD link.
Jadibuti jadibuti.net

Fuller's Earth - 0 views

jadibuti.net/fullers-earth

Fullers Earth Multani Mitti

shared by Jadibuti jadibuti.net on 29 May 16 - No Cached
  • Jadibuti jadibuti.net on 29 May 16
     
    Multani Mitti or Fuller's earth has been used by Indian women for centuries to take care of their skincare problems like acne, blackheads, etc. Though most modern women now prefer to use branded products, they could still try using the humble F ...
  • Jadibuti jadibuti.net on 29 May 16
     
    Multani Mitti or Fuller's earth has been used by Indian women for centuries to take care of their skincare problems like acne, blackheads, etc. Though most modern women now prefer to use branded products, they could still try using the humble F ...
Nathan Goodyear

Deficient Glutathione in the Pathophysiology of Mycotoxin-Related Illness - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3942754

myctotoxins glutathione GSH mold

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Decreased function of the enzymes of glutathione production results in a microenvironment depleted of glutathione on a chronic basis
  • In humans, deficiency of glutathione can lead to chronic conditions [97], including chronic asthma
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Jan 15
     
    Mycotoxins deplete glutathione production and this depletion of glutathione is a portion go the toxicity/ill effects related to mycotoxins.  This article also points to evidence that glutathione can actually be employed in the treatment of mycotoxin related conditions/illnesses.
Nathan Goodyear

Web of Knowledge [v.5.3] - Web of Science - 0 views

cel.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do

adiponectin DHEA PPAR PPAR-gamma obesity overweight weight-loss fat

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 12
     
    animal model: showed that DHEA treatment resulted in increased adiponectin secretion from fat cells. This occurred with an associated increase in PPAR-gamma receptors.  The suggestion is that DHEA through PPAR-gamma increased fat cell production and secretion of adiponectin.
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