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in title, tags, annotations or urlMuscle satellite cells. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
Testosterone physiology in resistance exercise an... [Sports Med. 2010] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
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testosterone stimulates protein synthesis
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promotion of muscle hypertrophy by testosterone
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intracellular androgen receptor (AR)
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The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Gly482Ser in the PGC-1α Gene Impairs Exercise-Induced Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibre Transformation in Humans - 0 views
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Oxidative slow-twitch type I fibres (henceforth briefly called ‘slow fibres’) contain MHC-Iβ. They use oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to generate ATP and are thus highly fatigue resistant and preferentially activated during endurance exercise. Slow fibres comprise high amounts of mitochondria, myoglobin and lipid droplets, and are well supplied by capillaries
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there are three types of fast-twitch fibres (types IIA, IID/X, IIB, with the corresponding MHC isoforms IIa, IId/x, IIb) which are all used for rapid high-force generation. Oxidative-glycolytic fast-twitch type IIA fibres have intermediate amounts of mitochondria, lipid droplets and capillaries, and are intermediately resistant to fatigue (as compared to type I and types IIB and IID/X). Glycolytic fast-twitch type IID/X fibres are poor in mitochondria, lipids and capillaries and more susceptible to fatique than type IIA. Glycolytic fast-twitch type IIB fibres have the lowest amounts of mitochondria, lipid droplets and capillaries, but generate the highest contraction velocities
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Several studies have shown that PGC-1α is upregulated after endurance training
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Those that carry the risk SNP for Gly482Ser for the PGC-1alpha gene dont' transform type II to type I and thus decrease the effectiveness of aeorbic exercise training, decreased oxidative phosphorylation, decreased lipid oxidation, increased lipid accumulaiton in muscle, and increased risk of IR, obesity, and diabetes.
Improving the Vitamin D Status of Vitamin D Deficient Adults Is Associated With Improved Mitochondrial Oxidative Function in Skeletal Muscle - 0 views
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Fascinating link between vitamin D and mitochondria function in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D replacement was found to improve mitochondrial function, improve post exercise discomfort in those with vitamin D deficiency. Obviously, this provides support for a link between vitamin D and mitochondrial function. This could provide an important tool in the recovery phase in athletes.
Testosterone: a vascular hormone in health and disease - 0 views
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Testosterone has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk factors, which include cholesterol, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation
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In clinical studies, acute and chronic testosterone administration increases coronary artery diameter and flow, improves cardiac ischaemia and symptoms in men with chronic stable angina and reduces peripheral vascular resistance in chronic heart failure.
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testosterone is an L-calcium channel blocker and induces potassium channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells
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JAMA Network | JAMA | Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index CategoriesA Systematic Review and Meta-analysisAll-Cause Mortality Using BMI Categories - 0 views
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Don't get to excited about this article. It is just a meta-analysis. Second, they looked at BMI and BMI is a notoriously bad estimater of muscle mass versus fat content. I am the perfect example, my BMI has me as obese, yet my measured fat % is 16%. My read on this, is most of the individuals that are "overweight" are actually at a health weight with a higher muscle mass percentage not picked up with the BMI measurement.
Testosterone Improves the Regeneration of Old and Young Mouse Skeletal Muscle - 0 views
ScienceDirect.com - Cell Metabolism - Estrogen Receptors and the Metabolic Network - 0 views
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The pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons have an anorexigenic action and, when activated, reduce food intake through the release of two peptides, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and cocaine-and-amphetamine-regulated transcripts (CART). The neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, on the other hand, release NPY hormone and agouti gene-related protein (AgRP), which prevent the binding of α-MSH to MC3R and MC4R, increasing food intake
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This suggests that the central anorexic effects of E2 may occur via ERβ
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The main hypothalamic areas involved in food intake and satiety are the arcuate nucleus (ARC), the lateral hypothalamus (LH), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), and the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)
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very nice article that looks at the balance of ER-alpha/ER-beta and their role in metabolic syndrome. This article discusses the balance of these receptors are tissue dependent in their effect. I like their conclusion: "...but these mechanisms will never be completely understood if they are not considered in the context of a whole system.
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