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Nathan Goodyear

http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0303720713002426/1-s2.0-S0303720713002426-main.pdf?_tid=360bb0b2... - 0 views

ac.els-cdn.com/...2.0-S0303720713002426-main.pdf

endocrine disorders mitochondria disease biochemistry diabetes aging hypoparathyroidism hypothyroidism hypogonadism hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 14
     
    Very well done article that discusses the relationship between mitochondria and endocrine disorders.  Mitochondrial disorders cannot just include inherited mitochondriopathies, but acquired mitochondriopathies as well.
Nathan Goodyear

Resistance training restores muscle sex steroid hormone steroidogenesis in older men - 0 views

www.fasebj.org/...1891.long

resistance training hormone hormones low T Testosterone aging 3 beta HSD 17 beta HSD)

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 14
     
    I like this study.  So many men, and women for that matter, focus on cardio for health and weight loss.  In men, low Testosterone is associated with aging as is weight.  This inverse relationship leads to the sarcopenic (belly, manboobs, and thin arms/legs) obesity so prevalent in older men today.  This study found that older men do have lower levels of enzymes and androgens from muscle biopsies as compared to younger men.  A 12 week resistance training regimen of only knee flexion and extension (simple) resulted in increased 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.  
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone and the Cardiovascular System: A Comprehensive Review of the Clinical Lite... - 0 views

jaha.ahajournals.org/...e000272

low T Testosterone cardiovascular disease CAD CHF insulin resistance type II diabetes diabetes obesity men male hormone hormones therapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
     
    Some startling statistics in this 2013 review on Testosterone in men.  Studies reflect an inverse relationship between Testosterone and CAD severity.  That is, the lower the Testosterone levels, the increase in severity of CAD. This same association was also found with CHF.  Low Testosterone is common in those with CAD, CHF, type II diabetes, increased IMT in carotids and aorta, and obesity when compared to "healthy" individuals.  Testosterone therapy in those with CAD found benefits: prolongation of ST segment depression, coronary vasodilation, improved exercise capacity in those with CHF, shift to type I muscle fibers, shorten the QTc interval.  Testosterone therapy has been shown to improve insulin resistance, improve HgbA1c and decrease waist circumference and fat loss in obese individuals.  Otherwise, a good review of the association between a declining Testosterone and cardiovascular disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Deficiency, Cardiac Health, and Older Men - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...143763

low T Testosterone obesity type II diabetes diabetes health wellness metabolic syndrome lipids cholesterol hypogonadism TDS testicular dysgenesis syndrome men male hormone hormones prostate cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14 - No Cached
  • Studies have shown pharmacological doses of testosterone to relax coronary arteries when injected intraluminally [39] and to produce modest but consistent improvement in exercise-induced angina and reverse associated ECG changes [40]. The mechanism of action is via blockade of calcium channels with effect of similar magnitude to nifedipine
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This directly refutes the recent studies (3) that Testosterone therapy increases cardiovascular events.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
       
      Testosterone acts as a calcium channel blocker inducing vasodilation.
  • men with chronic stable angina pectoris, the ischaemic threshold increased after 4 weeks of TRT and a recent study demonstrates improvement continuing beyond 12 months [
  • Exercise capacity in men with chronic heart failure increased after 12 weeks
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Studies have shown an inverse relationship between serum testosterone and fasting blood glucose and insulin levels
  • Medications such as chronic analgesics, anticonvulsants, 5ARIs, and androgen ablation therapy are associated with increased risk of testosterone deficiency and insulin resistance
  • Women with T2D or metabolic syndrome characteristically have low SHBG and high free testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This stands in polar opposite of that with men.
  • Hypogonadism is a common feature of the metabolic syndrome
  • The precise interaction between insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and hypogonadism is, as yet, unclear but the important mechanisms are through increased aromatase production, raised leptin levels, and increase in inflammatory kinins
  • levels of testosterone are reduced in proportion to degree of obesity
  • Men should be encouraged to combine aerobic exercise with strength training. As muscle increases, glucose will be burned more efficiently and insulin levels will fall. A minimum of 30 minutes exercise three times weekly should be advised
  • Testosterone increases levels of fast-twitch muscle fibres
  • By increasing testosterone, levels of type 2 fibres increase and glucose burning improves
  • Weight loss will increase levels of testosterone
  • studies now clearly show that low testosterone leads to visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome and is also a consequence of obesity
  • In the case of MMAS [43], a baseline total testosterone of less than 10.4 nmol/L was associated with a greater than 4-fold incidence of type 2 diabetes over the next 9 years
  • There is high level evidence that TRT improves insulin resistance
  • Low testosterone predicts increased mortality and testosterone therapy improves survival in 587 men with type 2 diabetes
  • A similar retrospective US study involved 1031 men with 372 on TRT. The cumulative mortality was 21% in the untreated group versus 10% ( ) in the treated group with the greatest effect in younger men and those with type 2 diabetes
  • the presence of ED has been shown to be an independent risk factor, particularly in hypogonadal men, increasing the risk of cardiac events by over 50%
  • A recent online publication on ischaemic heart disease mortality in men concluded optimal androgen levels are a biomarker for survival
  • inverse associations between low TT or FT (Table 2) and the severity of CAD
  • A recent 10 year study from Western Australia involving 3690 men followed up from 2001–2010 concluded that TT and FT levels in the normal range were associated with decreased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, for the first time suggesting that both low and DHT are associated with all-cause mortality and higher levels of DHT reduced cardiovascular risk
  • TDS is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality
  • The effect of treatment with TRT reduced the mortality rate of treated cohort (8.4%) to that of the eugonadal group whereas the mortality for the untreated remained high at 19.2%
  • hypogonadal men had slightly increased triglycerides and HDL
  • Men with angiographically proven CAD (coronary artery disease) have significantly lower testosterone levels [29] compared to controls ( ) and there was a significant inverse relationship between the degree of CAD and TT (total testosterone) levels
  • TRT has also been shown to reduce fibrinogen to levels similar to fibrates
  • men treated with long acting testosterone showed highly significant reductions in TC, LDL, and triglycerides with increase in HDL, associated with significant reduction in weight, BMI, and visceral fat
  • Low androgen levels are associated with an increase in inflammatory markers
  • A decline was noted in IL6 and TNF-alpha
  • In some studies, a decline in diastolic blood pressure has been observed, after 3–9 months [24, 26] and in systolic blood pressure
  • In the Moscow study, C-reactive protein was reduced by TRT at 30 weeks versus placebo
  • No studies to date show an increase in LUTS/BPH symptoms with higher serum testosterone levels
  • TRT has been shown to upregulate PDE5 [65] and enhance the effect of PDE5Is (now an accepted therapy for both ED and LUTS), it no longer seems logical to advice avoidance of TRT in men with mild to moderate BPH.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      What about just starting with normalization of Testosterone levels first.
  • Several meta-analyses have failed to show a link between TRT and development of prostate cancer [66] but some studies have shown a tendency for more aggressive prostate cancer in men with low testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      And if one would have looked at their estrogen levels, I guarantee they would have been found to be elevated.
  • low bioavailable testosterone and high SHBG were associated with a 4.9- and 3.2-fold risk of positive biopsy
  • Current EAU, ISSAM, and BSSM guidance [1, 2] is that there is “no evidence TRT is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer or activation of subclinical cancer.”
  • Men with prostate cancer, treated with androgen deprivation, develop an increase of fat mass with an altered lipid profile
  • Erectile dysfunction is an established marker for future cardiovascular risk and the major presenting symptom leading to a diagnosis of low testosterone
Nathan Goodyear

http://www.turkjcancer.org/pdf/pdf_TJC_489.pdf - 0 views

www.turkjcancer.org/...pdf_TJC_489.pdf

colon colorectal cancer ER PR estrogen receptor estrogen receptors progesterone receptor progesterone receptors

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jun 14
     
    The relationship between ER and PR and colorectal cancer is yet to be determined.  It is not outside the realm of possibility that a standardization of ER/PR in colorectal cancer is unlikely.  Each cancer is unique.  There are probably some generalizations that can be made, but complete generalizations of ER/PR in colorectal cancer in women is unlikely.
Nathan Goodyear

Wasting syndrome with deep bradycardia as ... [BMC Endocr Disord. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25260871

CVD cardiovascular disease low T low Testosterone low T Testosterone heart failure CHF health men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Sep 14
     
    long standing low T linked to bradycardia and heart failure in case series.  Exact relationship of cause/effect unknown, though low T has been shown to be associated with wide spectrum of increased risk of CVD.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone: More Than Having the Guts to Win the Tour de France - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1074761313003439

Testosterone gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota autoimmune disease diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • female adult mice have microbiomes similar to those of prepubescent mice of both sexes;
  • the commensal microbial community in adult male mice significantly deviates from this shared initial pool.
  • A minimum level of testosterone and specific male-enriched microbes working together upregulate M2 macrophage and IFN-γ producing T cells in pancreatic lymph nodes. Microarray data show that both the IFN-γ and IL-1β pathways are also stimulated.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • The incidence of T1D in these mice is positively correlated with the “femaleness” of the microbiota
  • These results support the hypothesis that the host androgen level is influential in determining the composition of the microbiota, which in turn affects T1D initiation and progression
  • a high testosterone level enriches the microbiota for specific organisms such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and Escherichia coli or Shigella–like (SECS) strains.
  • the microbiome in castrated adult males clearly shifts away from that of normal adult males and is closer to the microbiome of females
  • These microbes also upregulate host testosterone
  • In four independent experiments, the authors found no universal unique “male microbiome”
  • they did find that four distinct combinations of microbial groupings (with an interesting lack of overlap at the individual family level in the four experiments) were enhanced by androgen
  • one species consists of the segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and belongs to the Firmicutes, whereas the other is an Escherichia coli or Shigella–like (SECS) strain belonging to the Proteobacteria
  • colonization with protective microbiomes—e.g., SPF microbiota, SFB, and SECS—is positively correlated with high blood testosterone levels in male mice
  • A direct implication of this study is that probiotic administration or fecal transplantation is a theoretically possible approach to protection against T1D
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15
     
    nice summary of article on the relationship between Testosteorne and gut microbiome in autoimmune disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Endogenous Levels of Circulating Androgens and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative C... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25844961

Testosterone hormone hormones IBD Crohn's disease ulcerative colitis women disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15
     
    serum Testosterone levels increasing in the normal range were found to be associated with a reduced risk of Crohn's disease in women.   No such relationship was found with ulcerative colitis, with DHEA, or with SHBG.
Nathan Goodyear

Associations of the Fecal Microbiome With Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2222

estrogen metabolites gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota hormones cancer breast cancer microbiome estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jul 15
     
    Post-menopause women with increased gut microbiome diversity found to be associated with increased urinary excretion of estrogen metabolites compared to parent estrogens.  This relationship has been shown to be associated with a reduced breast cancer risk.
Jessica Wilton

Know About 5 Common Myths Regarding Counselling - 0 views

www.apsense.com/...ths-regarding-counselling.html

Psychologist Bondi Counsellor Bondi Counselling Bondi

shared by Jessica Wilton on 08 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Jessica Wilton on 08 Jul 15
     
    People are getting much busier day by day in their lives. They get minimum time to spend with their loved ones, which sometimes lead to a serious problem like a broken relationship or any kind of health disorders, like anxiety or depressions. But to overcome these problems counselling can be a very convenient option and is beneficial at the same time.
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen metabolite ratio: Is the 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone rati... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3039007

breast cancer 2-OH-estrone 2-OH 4-OH 2:16alpha-OHE1 2:16 estrogen metabolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • A recent study of nine patients concluded that the urinary EMR is a good approximation for breast tissue EMR
  • A single study in young women not using oral contraceptives found fair correlation coefficients between urinary and plasma EMR
  • All of nine properly designed epidemiological studies (six prospective case-control studies and three retrospective studies) failed to show a significant relationship between urinary or circulating EMR (2OHE1/16αOHE1) and breast cancer risk
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • premenopausal studies on urinary EMR have suggested a potentially weak inverse relationship, associations were not significantly different compared with postmenopausal or overall combined studies
  • at present, there is no evidence that the EMR can predict breast cancer risk
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jan 13
     
    The 2:16 OH estrone pathway is shown to not be predictive biomarker for breast cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

A strong association between biologically active testosterone and leptin in non-obese m... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...0801467a.html

leptin Testosterone hormone hormones obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • strongly supports an association between levels of androgens and leptin in both men and women
  • The association between androgen levels and leptin seems to be dependent of fat distribution in men
  • There is a growing bulk of evidence suggesting that testosterone may influence leptin levels. Testosterone administration reduces leptin levels in hypogonadal27,28 and eugonadal men
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • testosterone suppression by GnRH agonist treatment of central precocious puberty in boys increases leptin levels
  • Testosterone levels decreased with increasing central obesity in healthy men, while they increase with increasing obesity in healthy women, the latter irrespective of menstrual status
  • this could be due to obesity-related hyperleptinemia that inhibits testosterone secretion at the testicular level.46,47 These changes, which are proposed to be components of the insulin resistance syndrome,48 are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease in both men and women
  • in the more obese subjects, the higher leptin levels due to increased adiposity might reduce secretion of testosterone
  • loss of regulation of leptin by testosterone in obese men and women could be an important feature of the insulin resistance syndrome
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 Oct 14
     
    Leptin and Testosterone.  Interesting relationship that differs between the sexes.
Nathan Goodyear

The Relationship between Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes: Type 3 Diabetes? - ACAM Inte... - 0 views

acam.typepad.com/...diabetes-type-3-diabetes-.html

Diabetes Insulin Glucose Alzheimer's disease metabolic syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • AD has its foundation in neuroendocrinology
  • Referring to AD as type 3 diabetes has its foundation in the fact that the CNS in AD is characterized by a paucity of insulin and resistance of the insulin receptors
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Mar 11
     
    Insulin/Glucose dysregulation and Alzheimer's disease
Nathan Goodyear

The relationship between testosterone and molecula... [J Endocrinol Invest. 2005] - Pub... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16760639

low T Testosterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • close relationship exists between the development of a pro-inflammatory state and the decline in T levels
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Mar 11
     
    inflammation and low testosterone
Nathan Goodyear

Systematic Review: The Relationship between Clinical Experience and Quality of Health Care - 0 views

www.annals.org/...260.abstract

medical practice medicine standard of care

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 11 - No Cached
  • evidence suggests that there is an inverse relationship between the number of years that a physician has been in practice and the quality of care that the physician provides.
  • Physicians who have been in practice longer may be at risk for providing lower-quality care
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 11
     
    The longer a physician practices, the lower the quality of care delivered
Nathan Goodyear

Relationship of UV exposure to prevalence of multi... [Neurology. 2011] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21502600

Vitamin D MS UK

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 11 - No Cached
  • The effect of UVB on generating vitamin D seems the most likely candidate for explaining its relationship with MS
  • UVB exposure and IM together can explain a substantial proportion of the variance of MS
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 11
     
    Vitamin D and MS in the UK
Nathan Goodyear

PLoS ONE: Antidepressants and Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Review of the Literatur... - 0 views

www.plosone.org/...journal.pone.0018210

ovarian Cancer breast SSRI anti-depressants Zoloft Paxil Lexapro Prozac

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 11
     
    Antidepressants shown to increase Breast and Ovarian Cancer risk in review of 61 articles. Clear relationship found, but exact risk still needs further research.  Interestingly, the pharmaceutical industry's research, showed no risk.
Nathan Goodyear

Aging, telomeres, and atherosclerosis - 0 views

cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/...213.full

ageing Telomere length disease cardiovascular

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jul 11
     
    Clear association of shortened telomere length and cardiovascular disease is seen; but direct cause and effect relationship needs further evaluation
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Substitution Normalizes Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Hypogonadal Men: T... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jcem.82.8.4174

leptin low T low Testosterone low T testosterone obese obesity men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Nov 14
     
    Men with low T and elevated Leptin, have Leptin normalized with Testosterone therapy.  In obese men, Leptin is inversely associated with Testosterone.  This points to more cause/effect relationship with low T, elevated Leptin, and obesity in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Exercise-induced right ventricular dysfunction and structural remodelling in endurance ... - 0 views

eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/...998

endurance athletes training heart health injury

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • In a cohort of well-trained athletes, we demonstrated that intense endurance exercise causes an acute reduction in RV function that increases with race duration and correlates with increases in biomarkers of myocardial injury
  • no relationship between LV function and biomarker levels
  • focal gadolinium enhancement and increased RV remodelling were more prevalent in those athletes with a longer history of competitive sport, suggesting that repetitive ultra-endurance exercise may lead to more extensive RV change and possible myocardial fibrosis
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • he cardiac impact of both acute and cumulative exercise is greatest on the RV.
  • Greater reductions in RV function occurred in those athletes competing for a longer duration, suggesting that the heart has a finite capacity to maintain the increased work demands of exercise
  • We enrolled elite and subelite athletes and found a significant association between fitness (VO2max) and the reduction in post-race RVEF
  • Previous investigators have documented reductions in RV function in less trained subjects over the marathon distance
  • cardiac injury is greatest in the least trained
  • Even after many years of detraining, cardiac dilation may not completely regress in elite athletes
  • The focus on well-trained athletes may be of particular relevance, given that they perform exercise of highest intensity and duration most frequently, and, thus, may be at a greater risk of cumulative injury.
  • The lack of correlation between increases in troponin and changes in LV function seen in this study has been previously interpreted as evidence that post-exercise elevations in cardiac biomarkers are benign.
  • a significant correlation between changes in RVEF and post-race biomarker levels and this relationship was even stronger in the athletes who completed the race of longest duration, the ultra-triathlon
  • It has been demonstrated that ventricular load increases with exercise intensity and is greater for the RV than the LV,29 thus potentially explaining why the RV is more susceptible to fatigue after prolonged exercise.
  • BNP release during intense exercise is associated with greater relative increases in RV systolic pressures, but not LV pressures
  • BNP may provide a measure of both acute RV load and the resultant fatigue which occurs when this load is sustained
  • The correlations with RVEF, but not LVEF, provide further evidence of the differential effects of intense exercise on RV and LV function
  • This study demonstrates, for the first time, an association between endurance exercise of increasing duration and structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes
  • Functional abnormalities were confined to the RV and were largely reversible 1 week following the event
  • there remained a significant minority of athletes in whom there was evidence of myocardial fibrosis in the interventricular septum
  • RV abnormalities may be acquired through cumulative bouts of intense exercise and provides direction for prospective investigations aimed at elucidating whether extreme exercise may promote arrhythmias in some athletes.
  • the acute injury and chronic remodelling of the myocardium both disproportionately affect the RV and it remains possible that the two are linked.
  • focal DGE was confined to the interventricular septum and commonly at the site of RV attachment
  • emerging evidence that intense endurance exercise may be associated with an excess in arrhythmic disorders, the mechanisms for which remain unexplained
  • RVEF (and not LVEF) was reduced in athletes with complex ventricular arrhythmias when compared with healthy athletes and non-athletes without arrhythmias
  • it is premature to conclude that these changes may represent a proarrhythmic substrate
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 15
     
    Study finds endurance racing results in reduce Right ventricle ejection fraction even in elite athletes.  This post-race RVEF reduction is associated with VO2max.
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