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Nathan Goodyear

Substantial contribution of extrinsic risk factors to cancer development - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4836858

cancer lifestyle

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • Here we provide evidence that intrinsic risk factors contribute only modestly (<10~30%) to cancer development
  • we conclude that cancer risk is heavily influenced by extrinsic factors. These results carry immense consequences for strategizing cancer prevention
  • cancers are proposed to originate from the malignant transformation of normal tissue progenitor and stem cells
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • “Intrinsic processes” include those that result in mutations due to random errors in DNA replication whereas “extrinsic factors” are environmental factors that affect mutagenesis rates (such as UV radiation, ionizing radiation, and carcinogens
  • intrinsic factors do not play a major causal role.
  • intrinsic cancer risk should be determined by the cancer incidence for those cancers with the least risk in the entire group controlling for total stem cell divisions
  • if one or more cancers would feature a much higher cancer incidence, for example, lung cancer among smokers vs. non-smokers, then this most likely reflects additional (and probably extrinsic) risk factors (smoking in this case)
  • Particularly, for breast and prostate cancers, it has long been observed that large international geographical variations exist in their incidences (5-fold for breast cancer, 25-fold for prostate cancer)14, and immigrants moving from countries with lower cancer incidence to countries with higher cancer rates soon acquire the higher risk of their new country
  • Colorectal cancer is another high-incidence cancer that is widely considered to be an environmental disease17, with an estimated 75% or more colorectal cancer risk attributable to diet
  • melanoma, its risk ascribed to sun exposure is around 65–86%
  • non-melanoma basal and squamous skin cancers, ~90% is attributable to UV
  • 75% of esophageal cancer, or head and neck cancer are caused by tobacco and alcohol
  • HPV may cause ~90% cases in cervical cancer23, ~90% cases in anal cancer24, and ~70% in oropharyngeal cancer
  • HBV and HCV may account for ~80% cases of hepatocellular carcinoma
  • H pylori may be responsible for 65–80% of gastric cancer
  • While a few cancers have relatively large proportions of intrinsic mutations (>50%), the majority of cancers have large proportions of extrinsic mutations, for example, ~100% for Myeloma, Lung and Thyroid cancers and ~80–90% for Bladder, Colorectal and Uterine cancers, indicating substantial contributions of carcinogen exposures in the development of most cancers
  • onsistent estimate of contribution of extrinsic factors of >70–90% in most common cancer types. This concordance lends significant credibility to the overall conclusion on the role of extrinsic factors in cancer development
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Jan 18
     
    Really great read.  Cancer is a majority lifestyle disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Specific Contribution of Methionine and Choline in Nutritional Nonalcoholic Steatohepat... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2881778

SAMe methylation GSH glutathione NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12
     
    review of SAMe, methylation, and Glutathione in the development of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).  This would serve as a potential treatment for those with NAFLD.
Nathan Goodyear

Plasma Adiponectin in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Is Related to Hepatic Insulin Resistance... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...3498.short

NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver fatty liver insulin resistance fat IR obesity weight-loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 12
     
    in those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, low adiponectin is associated with the insulin resistance, not the NAFLD.  But of course, insulin resistance leads to NAFLD
Nathan Goodyear

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Hyperandrogenism Is Characterized by an Increased Risk o... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...jc.2012-1382.abstract

PCOS NAFLD obesity insulin resistance polycystic ovarian syndrome ovary syndrome non-alcoholic fatty liver

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Jul 12
     
    PCOS with associated hyperandrogenism, is associated with increased risk of NAFLD versus PCOS without hyperandrogenism.
Nathan Goodyear

Access : Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Microbiota in the pathogenesis of systemic a... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...nrendo.2012.25.html

fatty liver disease NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver inflammation dysbiosis metabolic

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12
     
    Fascinating read of how inflammation as a direct result of dysbiosis in the gut contributes to the progression of NALFD.
Nathan Goodyear

Probiotic as a Novel Treatment Strategy Against Liver Disease - Hepatitis Monthly - - K... - 0 views

hepatmon.com/?page=article&article_id=7521

probiotics liver disease cirrhosis hepatitis NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    probiotics shown to be useful and safe in those with liver disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Synbiotic supplementation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-bli... - 0 views

ajcn.nutrition.org/...535.abstract

NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver synbiotics probiotic probiotics synbiotic fatty

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Mar 14
     
    small pilot study finds that synbiotics, probiotics and prebiotics, + lifestyle modifications work better than lifestyle modifications alone in NAFLD.
Nathan Goodyear

Resveratrol up-regulates hepatic uncoupling protein... [Nutr Res. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23084643

resveratrol inflammation NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver high fat diet fat diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 13
     
    Not only does resveratrol reduce inflammation, but resveratrol inhibits NAFLD in rats fed a high fat diet.  
Nathan Goodyear

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Predisposes to Nonalcoh... [Endocr Pract. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24246334

sleep apnea NAFLD Testosterone women non-alcoholic fatty liver PCOS polycystic ovarian syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Nov 13
     
    sleep apnea in women with PCOS found to be associated with NAFLD. The free Testosterone was directly associated with sleep apnea.
Nathan Goodyear

Uric Acid Stimulates Fructokinase and Accelerates Fructose Metabolism in the Developmen... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3480441

non-alcoholic fatty liver fatty liver fructose uric acid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Oct 13
     
    Vicious cycle.  High fructose intake increases uric acid production.  Hyperuricemia then leads to further Fructose metabolism.  This study finds that hyperuricemia upregulates the fructokinase enzyme that is the first step in fructose metabolism.  This upregulation will increase fructose metabolism and increase fat accumulation in the liver.
Nathan Goodyear

Uric acid induces hepatic steatosis by generatio... [J Biol Chem. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23035112

uric acid mitochondria non-alcoholic fatty liver fructose triglyceride oxidative stress fatty liver liver ATP

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Oct 13
     
    Elevated uric acid levels up regulate fructose metabolism to triglycerides and fatty liver.  This study finds that liver mitochondrial oxidative stress is also evident.  This mitochondrial dysfunction also leads to compromised ATP production and fat accumulation specifically through inhibition of aconitase..
Nathan Goodyear

Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Lead, and Mercury Are Associated with Liver Disease in Ameri... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3002193

NAFLD liver enzymes disease non-alcoholic fatty liver PCBs Lead Mercury Hg Pb

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 14
     
    full article that revealed PCBs, Lead, and Mercury associated with elevated liver enzymes and NAFLD.
Nathan Goodyear

Relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver ... [World J Urol. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25189458

NAFLD BPH LUTS men male fatty liver liver metabolic syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Sep 14
     
    Men with NAFLD have higher incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms including BPH.
Nathan Goodyear

The efficacy of licorice root extract in decre... [Phytother Res. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22308054

licorice licorice root extract NAFLD liver enzymes liver non-alcoholic fatty liver

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 14
     
    Licorice root extract shown to reduce liver enzymes, significantly, but modestly in those with NAFLD.  The dose was 2 g daily.  The results occurred in just 2 months.
Nathan Goodyear

Association Between Endogenous Sex Hormones and Liver Fat in a Mult... - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25592661

Testosterone Estradiol SHBG hormone hormones men women non-alcoholic fatty liver fatty liver CVD cardiovascular disease cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Time that physicians start following the science.  Study using data from the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis was used to assess hormones and fatty liver in men and women.  Increasing bioavailable Testosterone levels in women was found to be associated with increasing fatty liver in post-menopausal women.  The opposite was found to be true in men.  Higher Estradiol levels were found to be associated with increased fatty liver in both sexes.  However, the statistical significance was higher with men.  Higher SHBG was associated with lower fatty liver incidence in men.  
Nathan Goodyear

A low level of serum total testosterone is independently associated with nonalcoholic f... - 0 views

bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/...1471-230X-12-69

low Testosterone low T Testosterone NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver liver disease fatty liver hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Feb 16
     
    low Testosterone is associated with NAFLD
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