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Nathan Goodyear

Diabetic neuropathic pain: a role for testosterone metabolites - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...1.abstract

diabetes neuropathy pain diabetic DHT androgens 3 alpha-androstanediol metabolites Testosterone androgen male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Mar 14
     
    Great article.  Really shows the depth of the androgens and androgen metabolites in diabetes and diabetic complications.  In this study, DHT and its metabolis 3-alpha androstanediol were shown to reduce inflammation and pain associated with diabetic neuropathy.  Significant reduction in inflammation signaling (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha) was seen as was potential neurodegenerative processes (glutamate release and astrocyte immunoreactivity).
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous methylcobalamin treatment for uremic ... [Intern Med. 1999] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...10411351

IV intravenous therapy vitamin B12 neuropathy diabetic neuropathy peripheral neuropathy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Jun 12
     
    IV vitamin B12 shown to safe and effective treatment of neuropathy in diabetic patients.
Nathan Goodyear

[Pharmacological significance of alpha lipoic acid in up to date treatment of diabetic ... - 0 views

europepmc.org/...18543755

diabetic neuropathy ALA alpha lipoic acid diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Sep 14
     
    alpha lipoic acid for diabetic neuropathy.
Nathan Goodyear

Prevalence of low testosterone levels... [J Family Community Med. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24672276

low T testosterone hypogonadism diabetes diabetic neuropathy BMI age men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Mar 14
     
    This study follows others: Diabetes associated with low Total Testosterone.  The question is whether this is a cause and effect or merely an association? This study also found age, income, BMI, and diabetic neuropathy as risk for low Testosterone.
Nathan Goodyear

Unintended effects of statins from observational studies in the general population: sys... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3998050

statin therapy statins myopathy cholesterol side effects diabetes liver liver enzymes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • A markedly increased risk of myopathy was observed
  • One cohort study (Women’s Health Initiative) of higher quality and larger sample size found stronger evidence of an increased risk of self-reported T2DM (OR=1.47; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.64) for the groups of women who reported statin use at baseline and three years later
  • Hippisley-Cox et al. found an increased risk of liver enzyme changes
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • weak evidence of an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was observed
  • Smeeth et al. found an increased risk of incident liver disease in the first year after the index date
  • The cumulative incidence of T2DM after three years of statin treatment was 6.25%, corresponding to an excess risk of 2.25%
  • We found no increased risk of peripheral neuropathy, depression, common eye diseases, renal disorders or arthritis associated with taking statins. Studies of higher quality did not show previously reported protective effects of statins on fractures, venous thrombo-embolism or pneumonia
  • There was evidence of an increase in myopathy, raised liver enzymes and diabetes.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 15
     
    Statin use associated with increased myopathy, liver dysfunction, and type II Diabetes.  The authors conclude that the absolute risk is very low, yet OR was 1.47 for type II Diabetes (translated 47% increased odds of developing Diabetes as a result of statins) and OR of 2.63 in risk of myopathy (translated 163% increased odds of developing myopathy as a result of statins).  Seems the authors "low risk" statement is just applies to those without symptoms/side effects.  Physicians need to do a better job of understanding risks and customizing therapies.
Nathan Goodyear

Oral Treatment With α-Lipoic Acid Improves Symptomatic Diabetic Polyneuropathy - 0 views

care.diabetesjournals.org/...2365.abstract

alpha Lipoic Acid diabetic neuropathy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Oral treatment with ALA for 5 weeks improved neuropathic symptoms and deficits in patients with DSP
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 11
     
    alpha Lipoic Acid improves Diabetic Neuropathy
Nathan Goodyear

Alternative Therapies: Part I. Depression, Diabetes, Obesity - September 1, 2000 - Amer... - 0 views

www.aafp.org/...1051.html

diabetes neuropathy ALA alpha lipoic acid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 11
     
    alpha lipoic acid provides great support in diabetic neuropathy treatment
Nathan Goodyear

Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatm... [Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1999] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...10595592

alpha-lipoic-acid LA alpha lipoic acid diabetic neuropathyType II DM diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12
     
    alpha lipoic acid shown to reduce diabetic neuropathy in this review of 15 clinical trials.  The trials included both IV and oral administration of alpha lipoic acid.  Both routes of administration revealed positive reduction of neuropathic symptoms.
Nathan Goodyear

Cardiovascular Diabetology | Full text | Improvement of the diabetic foot upon testoste... - 0 views

www.cardiab.com/19

diabetes type II diabetes therapy treatment low T Testosterone cardiovascular disease PAD peripheral arterial disease foot

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
     
    Case report of 3 cases finds improvement in diabetic foot complications, including neuropathy, in men treated with Testosterone.  This makes sense as the Testosterone will improve insulin function, improve HgbA1c and reduce inflammation in these men.
Nathan Goodyear

Mortality and Other Important Diabetes-Related Outcomes With Insulin vs Other Antihyper... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...668

type II DM type II diabetes diabetes insulin mortality rate mortality

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Feb 13
     
    not sure if I posted this previously, but new study finds that insulin should be the last thing given to a type II diabetic.  Insulin doubles mortality rate.
Nathan Goodyear

Oxidative Stress and Stress-Activated Signaling Pathways: A Unifying Hypothesis of Type... - 0 views

edrv.endojournals.org/...599.long

free radicals oxidative stress damage inflammation type II DM alpha lipoic acid alpha-lipoic-acid diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • In patients with diabetes, LA levels are reduced (48, 74, 103). LA has long been used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy in Germany
  • evidence indicates that it increases insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes
  • LA has been shown to 1) quench free radicals, 2) prevent singlet oxygen-induced DNA damage, 3) exhibit chelating activity, 4) reduce lipid peroxidation, 5) increase intracellular glutathione levels, and 6) prevent glycation of serum albumin (73, 74). LA is able to reduce oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB activation in vitro (74, 108, 109) and in patients with type 2 diabetes
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Activation of NF-κB can also be blocked by several other thiol-containing antioxidants including N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC)
  • Other clinically available antioxidants reported to have antiinflammatory, antioncogenic, and/or antiatherogenic properties that have been shown to block the activation of NF-κB include resveratrol (115, 116), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (117), pycnogenol (118), silymarin (119), and curcumin (120)
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Aug 12
     
    Great read!  If you want to see how free radicals and oxidative stress contribute to inflammation and disease (DM in this case), read this article.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-induced obesity and low testosterone increase neuroinflammation and impair neural ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4190446

Testosterone neuroinflammation glia insulin resistance obesity diabetes brain CNS PNS inflammation low T low Testosterone TNF-alpha IL-1beta

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • both obesity and low testosterone are also risk factors for neural dysfunction, including cognitive impairment [58–61] and development of AD
  • Levels of obesity and testosterone are often inversely correlated
  • diet-induced obesity causes significant metabolic disturbances and impairs central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • ...23 more annotations...
  • both obesity and low testosterone are linked with promotion of inflammatory pathways [70–72] and exert harmful actions on the central [73–75] and peripheral [29,76] nervous systems
  • In general, obesity-related changes were worsened by low testosterone and improved by testosterone treatment; however, this relationship was not statistically significant in several instances. Further, our data suggest that a common pathway that may contribute to obesity and testosterone effects is regulation of inflammation
  • fasting blood glucose levels were independently and additively increased by GDX-induced testosterone depletion and high-fat diet
  • testosterone treatment significantly reduced fasting glucose under both the normal and high-fat diets, demonstrating potential therapeutic efficacy of testosterone supplementation
  • fasting insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA index), and glucose tolerance, low testosterone tended to exacerbate and or testosterone treatment improved outcomes.
  • testosterone status did not significantly affect body weight
  • testosterone’s effects likely do not indicate an indirect result on adiposity but rather regulatory action(s) on other aspects of metabolic homeostasis
  • Prior work in rodents has shown diet-induced obesity induces insulin resistance in rat brain [63] and that testosterone replacement improves insulin sensitivity in obese rats [64]. Our findings are consistent with the human literature, which indicates that (i) testosterone levels are inversely correlated to insulin resistance and T2D in healthy [30,65] as well as obese men [66], and (ii) androgen therapy can improve some metabolic measures in overweight men with low testosterone
  • it has been shown that TNFα has inhibitory effects on neuron survival, differentiation, and neurite outgrowth
  • Our data demonstrate that low testosterone and obesity independently increased cerebrocortical mRNA levels of both TNFα and IL-1β
  • Testosterone status also affected metabolic and neural measures
  • many beneficial effects of testosterone, including inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine expression
  • neuroprotection [80,81], are dependent upon androgen receptors, the observed effects of testosterone in this study may involve androgen receptor activation
  • testosterone can be converted by the enzyme aromatase into estradiol, which is also known to exert anti-inflammatory [82] and neuroprotective [83] actions
  • glia are the primary sources of proinflammatory molecules in the CNS
  • poorer survival of neurons grown on glia from mice maintained on high-fat diet
  • Since testosterone can affect glial function [86] and improve neuronal growth and survival [87–89], it was unexpected that testosterone status exhibited rather modest effects on neural health indices with the only significant response being an increase in survival in the testosterone-treated, high-fat diet group
  • significantly increased expression of TNFα and IL-1β in glia cultures derived from obese mice
  • testosterone treatment significantly lowered TNFα and IL-1β expression to near basal levels even in obese mice, indicating a protective benefit of testosterone across diet conditions
  • IL-1β treatment has been shown to induce synapse loss and inhibit differentiation of neurons
  • Testosterone status and diet-induced obesity were associated with significant regulation of macrophage infiltration
  • testosterone prevented and/or restored thermal nociception in both diet groups
  • a possible mechanism by which obesity and testosterone levels may affect the health of both CNS and PNS
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 15
     
    Study points to obesity and low Testosterone contribution of neuroinflammation.  No effect of body weight was seen with TRT.  This animal model found similar positive effects of TRT in insulin sensitivity.  Obesity and low T increase inflammatory cytokine production: this study found an increase in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and TRT reduced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta to near base-line.  Testosterone is neuroprotective and this study reviewed the small volume of evaded that pointed to benefit from estradiol.  Testosterone's effect on glial survival was positive but not significant.  Obesity and low T were found to be associated with increased macrophage infiltration in the PNS with increased TNF-alpha and IL-1beta.   Testosterone therapy improved peripheral neuropathy via its positive effects on nocicieption.
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