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Nathan Goodyear

Access : What are the consequences of the disappearing human microbiota? : Nature Revie... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...nrmicro2245.html

obesity overweight microbiota dysbiosis antiobitics health microbiology

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 12
     
    Changes in our gut microbiota are contributing to the health decline of Americans.  The mechanisms of this microbiota change is diverse.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Probiotic Microbes Sustain Youthful Serum Testosterone Levels and Testicular ... - 0 views

journals.plos.org/...article

hormone hormones low T low Testosterone hypogonadism Testosterone probiotic L reuters probiotics Lactobacillus lactobacillus reuteri male aging

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Studies in both humans and rodents, however, suggest that low testosterone is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular luteinizing hormone metabolism
  • Various dietary factors and diet-induced obesity have been shown to increase the risk for late onset male hypogonadism and low testosterone production in both humans and mice
  • Testosterone deficiency and metabolic diseases such as obesity appear to inter-digitate in complex cause-and-effect relationships
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • dietary supplementation of aged mice with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri makes them appear to be younger than their matched untreated sibling mice
  • These results indicate that gut microbiota induce modulation of local gastrointestinal immunity resulting in systemic effects on the immune system which activate metabolic pathways that restore tissue homeostasis and overall health
  • all these studies we consistently observed that young and aged mice consuming purified L. reuteri organisms had particularly large testes and a dominant male behavior.
  • The testes of probiotic-fed aged mice were rescued from both seminiferous tubule atrophy and interstitial Leydig cell area reduction typical of the normal aging process. Preservation of testicular architecture despite advanced age or high-fat diet coincided with remarkably high levels of circulating testosterone. The beneficial effects of probiotic consumption were recapitulated by the depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17.
  • feeding of L. reuteri consistently increased the gonadal weights, consumption of a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 organisms did not affect testicular weight
  • mice with dietary L. reuteri supplements were rescued from diet-induced obesity and had normal body weight and lean physique
  • Despite the comparable numbers of ST profiles, we determined that testes from L. reuteri-treated mice had increased ST cross-sectioned profiles
  • the probiotic organism induced prominent Leydig cell accumulations in the interstitial tissue between the ST's
  • The probiotic-associated increase of interstitial Leydig cell areas was sustained with advancing age at 7 (CD vs CD+LR, P = 0.0025; CD+E.coli vs CD+LR, P = 0.0251) and 12 months
  • mice eating L. reuteri had profoundly increased levels of circulating testosterone regardless of the type of diet they consumed
  • blocking pro-inflammatory Il-17 signaling entirely recapitulates the beneficial effects of probiotics
  • previous studies we found that dietary probiotics counteract obesity [19] and age-related integumentary pathology [18] at least in part by down-regulating systemic pro-inflammatory IL-17A-dependent signaling
  • Testes histomorphometry and serum androgen concentration data were both suggestive of a probiotic-associated up-regulation of spermatogenesis in mice
  • Lactobacillus reuteri we discovered that aging male animals had larger testes compared to their age-matched controls
  • xamined testes of probiotic microbe-fed mice and found that they had less testicular atrophy coinciding with higher levels of circulating testosterone compared to their age-matched controls
  • Similar testicular health benefits were produced using systemic depletion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-17 alone, implicating a chronic inflammatory pathway in hypogonadism
  • One specific aspect of this paradigm is reciprocal activities of pro-inflammatory Th-17 and anti-inflammatory Treg cells
  • Feeding of L. reuteri organisms was previously shown to up-regulate IL-10 levels and reduce levels of IL-17 [19] serving to lower systemic inflammation
  • insufficient levels of IL-10 may increase the risk for autoimmunity, obesity, and other inflammatory disease syndromes
  • Westernized diets are also low in vitamin D, a nutrient that when present normally works together with IL-10 to protect against inflammatory disorders
  • Physiological feedback loops apparently exist between microbes, host hormones, and immunity
  • The hormone testosterone has been shown to act directly through androgen receptors on CD4+ cells to increase IL-10 expression
  • studies in both humans and rodents suggest that hypogonadism is due to age-related lesions in testes rather than irregular LH metabolism
  • We postulate that probiotic gut microbes function symbiotically with their mammalian hosts to impart immune homeostasis to maintain systemic and testicular health [34]–[35] despite suboptimal dietary conditions.
  • Dietary factors and diet-induced obesity were previously shown to increase risk for age-associated male hypogonadism, reduced spermatogenesis, and low testosterone production in both humans and mice [2]–[4], [8]–[11], [14]–[17], phenotypic features that in this study were inhibited by oral probiotic therapy absent milk sugars, extra protein, or vitamin D supplied in yogurt.
  • Similar beneficial effects of probiotic microbes on testosterone levels and sperm indices were reported in male mice that had been simultaneously supplemented with selenium
  • L. reuteri-associated prevention of age- and diet-related testicular atrophy correlates with increased numbers and size of Leydig cells
  • the initial changes of testicular atrophy begin to occur in mice from the age of 6 moths onwards [7] and indicates that the trophic effect of L. reuteri on Leydig cells is a key event which precedes and prevents age-related changes in the testes of mice. This effect is reminiscent of earlier studies describing Leydig cell hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy in the mouse and the rat testis that were achievable by the administration of gonadotropins, including human chorionic gonadotropin, FSH and LH
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 15
     
    Fascinating study on how the addition of Lactobacillus reuteri increased Testicular size, prevented testicular atrophy, increased serum Testosterone production and protected against diet-induced/obesity-induced hypogonadism.  This was a mouse model
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary Diabetes Risk Reduction Score, Race and Ethnicity, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes ... - 0 views

care.diabetesjournals.org/...dc14-1986

diabetes diet nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Jan 15
     
    lower risk of type II Diabetes associated with healthy diet.  Disease or Health begin with nutrition and the gut.
Nathan Goodyear

Probiotics and gut health: A special focus on liver diseases - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2811790

probiotic probiotics liver cancer disease IBD IBS cirrhosis NAFLD gut health

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Aug 14
     
    Probiotics are not just for disease prevention, but also can be utilized as adjuncts for different liver disease states.  This review article highlights probiotics in IBD, IBS, surgery, NAFLD, cancer, and cirrhosis.
Nathan Goodyear

International Journal of Obesity - The role of short chain fatty acids in appetite regu... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...ijo201584a.html

SCFA gut gut health obesity appetite energy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Nov 16
     
    SCFA
Nathan Goodyear

Significance of Charcot Leyden crystals in hepatic aspirates - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3168024

charcot Leyden crystals inflammation eosinophils parasites gut health gut disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 16
     
    Charcot Leden crystals associated with parasitic infections.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Effect of Probiotics on Metabolic Outcomes in Pregnant Wom... - 0 views

www.mdpi.com/...htm

probiotics alternative medicine natural medicine natural therapies diabetes gestational diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 17 - No Cached
  • The gut microbial composition is altered during pregnancy
  • probiotic supplements may contribute to the maintenance of bacterial diversity and glucose homeostasis in individuals with metabolic disturbances
  • Assessment of four randomized controlled trials in this review involving 288 pregnant women with GDM found that a 6–8 week probiotic intervention did not improve FBG or LDL-cholesterol levels
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  • probiotic supplementation in women with GDM was associated with significant reductions in insulin resistance
  • One proposed method is by the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), generated as a by-product of bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers. SCFAs act as an energy source for intestinal cells and have been found to regulate the production of hormones effecting energy intake and expenditure such as leptin and grehlin
  • Another hypothesized mechanism of SCFA action includes reducing gastrointestinal permeability by upregulating transcription of tight junction proteins, enhancing production of Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) which promotes crypt cell proliferation, and reducing inflammation in colonic epithelial cells by increasing PPAR-gamma activation
  • Maintenance of the integrity of the gut barrier minimizes the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in circulation
  • LPS is a structural component of gram negative bacterial cell walls, which induces an immune-cell response upon absorption into the human bloodstream, stimulating proinflammatory cytokine production and the onset of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 17
     
    Review (4 studies) found that 6-8 weeks of probiotic therapy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes improved insulin resistance.
  • Open TeleShop on 17 May 17
     
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fnfdoc

Nausea: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment | Health Blog - 0 views

fnfdoc.com/...-causes-symptoms-home-remedies

Nausea Causes Symptoms Treatment Nauseous Pregnancy Morning Motion Sickness Home Remedies Stop Medicine

shared by fnfdoc on 09 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • fnfdoc on 09 Sep 18
     
    What causes nausea and how can you avoid/treat it at home? You feel nauseous when your stomach either stops contracting or... Ever wonder why you feel so uneasy while driving across a rough, bumpy road? How does nervousness lead to nausea? Patients with nausea make up 6.7% of all cases treated...
  • fnfdoc on 09 Sep 18
     
    Today was an exceptionally bright day. At least the morning. The rest of the day was marred by Kate throwing up on me nonstop. She felt a strong sensation of nausea and dizziness. But why does she eat at that weird Mexican place when she knows it makes her stomach sick? Every time she goes there, she feels a gut-wrenching, stomach-turning urge to release all that her belly holds. I mean, the stomach is an elastic bag made of muscular walls containing acid. We read that in science once. But why does Kate's stomach hold a serious grudge against Mexican food?
Nathan Goodyear

Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3271691

ulcerative colitis herbs natural gut health disease IBD inflammatory bowel disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jun 15
     
    nice literature review of natural therapies for the treatment of UC.
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