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Different progesterone metabolites shown to have different tumor effects.  Implications are that, just as estrogen metabolism effects cancer risk, so does progesterone metabolism.

Those with higher vitamin D levels are associated with lower weight gain postmenopausal. Now, this could be due to increased outside exercise and activity.  However, due the NF-KappaB inhibition and resultant inflammation, it makes since that vitamin D reduces weight gain.  Plus it improves Insulin function and helps to control blood glucose.

Vitamin D shown to reduce breast cancer recurrence in premenopausal women.  Same association not found in postmenopausal women.

large study of 50,000 postmenopausal women found no significant reduction in CVD with a low fat diet.  The mean dietary time period was 8 years.

Transdermal progesterone improves menopausal symptoms without an change in inflammatory markers.

Study finds suggestion of cognitive protection by enduring estrogen exposure.  Interesting, that estrogen seems to protect against cognitive decline in women, yet increases cognitive decline in men.

This study found that increasing Testosterone, as determined by serum, is associated with increased CVD, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.  I believe that this massive Testosterone doping campaign that we are seeing in men and women is following the same patter seen with premarin and provera. 

review of the literature finds that Testosterone therapy in women with low libido improves sexual activity without CVD and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women.  Post menopause is a time associated with an increased risk of CVD in women.

Vitamin D supplementation finds no increased risk on breast cancer risk.  This is a negative study (meta-analysis) on vitamin D and breast cancer in postmenopausal women.  The strength of evidence lies with positive effects as numerous studies are documented in diigo here.

Older study finds weak synthetic androgen improves weight loss in obese postmenopausal women.  This study compared nandrolone decanoate to spironolactone--an androgen receptor antagonist.  No change in glucose or insulin was seen.  Hard to draw a strong conclusion from this study due to the comparison of a synthetic androgen versus an anti-androgen.  This comparison could have exaggerated the benefit of androgen in these women.

This study cannot make the conclusion AT ALL.  They claim to say hormones should not be used to prevent chronic disease. Yet, the study they use to support this statement, the WHI, did not look at hormones.  The WHI looked at premarin and medroxyprogesterone acetate, a progestin.  They are not the hormones the body makes. Second, the WHI looked at women that were 6 years postmenopausal, on average, and then they added in bad drugs, disguised as hormone like, and then were dosed high.   If one desires to truly make a statement of prevention, one needs to pre-empt testing and therapy before disease.  Additionally, the study needs to match the hormones needed at the right physiologic level in the right balance.   One must also ensure proper hormone metabolism and know hormone receptor status.  This study does non of the above and the conclusion of this study is irrelevant.  In fact, I think the authors of this study have undergone scientific malpractice in their conclusions.

Post menopause women with PCOS have high CVD.  PCOS is essentially metabolic syndrome separated by age.  Both PCOS and MetS in women is associated with an increase in Testosterone levels.

Estrogen improves vascular function in postmenopausal women.  The mechanism of action is through the increased nitric oxide production with estrogen therapy.  This increase in nitric oxide reduces endothelial dysfunction.

DHT shown to increase VCAM-1 adhesion to endothelial cells.  This was a cell culture study of human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to postmenopausal female serum and then DHT.  Not exactly physiologic.

Lower 2-OH estrone metabolism associated with lower risk of breast cancer, but 4-OH estrone associated with increased risk of breast cancer.

declining serum Estradiol associated with increased cardiovascular fat in postmenopausal women.

Salivary, but not serum or urinary levels of progesterone are elevated after topical application of progesterone cream to pre-and postmenopausal women.

Bleeding patterns of the hormone replacement therapies in the postmenopausal estrogen and progestin interventions trial.

Salivary cortisol and DHEA levels in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer.

can the pathway of estrogen metabolism help to predict postmenopausal breast cancer?  according to this study, yes.