a recent study has suggested that it may sometimes be inaccurate because of abnormal fluctuation of other circulating androgens
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http://www.andrologyjournal.org/cgi/rapidpdf/jandrol.112.016386v1.pdf - 0 views
www.andrologyjournal.org/...jandrol.112.016386v1.pdf
T:E2 testosterone:Estradiol ratio hormone hormones seasonal variations variation men
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Oct 12
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This study looked at T:E2 levels in men for seasonal fluctuations. What is interesting, is that the T:E2 ratio is at it's lowest during the fall months and highest during the summer months. This does conflict somewhat with studies that have looked at seasons fluctuations of T alone. But, it does correlate with changes in body habitus and activity levels.
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Characteristics of salivary profiles of oestradiol and progesterone in premenopausal women - 0 views
joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...77.abstract
saliva testing hormone estradiol progesterone salivary
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Jul 11
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Glucose Fluctuations in Association With Oxidative Stress Among Children With T1DM: Com... - 0 views
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Seasonal variation of salivary testosterone in... [Physiol Behav. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
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interesting study that showed that testosterone levels in men and women fluctuate seasonally. The highest levels are found in the fall for both sexes, but lowest during the summer. Interestingly, birth control eliminated these seasonal variations and resulted in a "flatter seasonal testosterone profile". So, maybe mean cycle, but on a much different time scale? Interesting thought.
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10 Things I wish I'd known before Breast Augmentation - 0 views
dubaicosmeticsurgeryclinics.blogspot.com/...sh-id-known-before-breast.html
#invisible scar breast augmentation #breast Dubai #scar #scarless
shared by hadiyasafdar on 12 Jan 17
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Breast augmentation procedure is designed to enhance the size and fullness of the breasts, usually with breast implants. If you are unhappy with the appearance of your breasts because they are smaller in size or they have lost their volume or shape due to pregnancy or rapid weight fluctuations, you might consider a breast augmentation to get the breasts of your desire.
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Fluctuation of Peripheral Blood T, B, and NK Cells during a Menstrual Cycle of Normal H... - 0 views
www.jimmunol.org/...756.full
NK cells menstrual cycle women pregnancy fertility progesterone estrogen
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 12
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Transdermal testosterone replacement therapy in men - 0 views
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Testosterone therapy can inhibit hepcidin transcription and is associated with increased iron incorporation into red blood cells and increased erythropoietin concentrations
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Transdermal TRT has a more favorable adverse effect profile when compared to buccal testosterone formulations
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testosterone concentrations should be checked 2–3 months after initiation of therapy and after adjusting the dose
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the recommendation for injectable testosterone esters is to check the serum concentration midway between injections
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it is recommended for serum testosterone to be evaluated 3 to 12 hours after application of the transdermal patch
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a study from 1989 utilizing testosterone transdermally containing 5, 10, or 15 mg of testosterone showed that peak concentrations of testosterone were achieved 3 to 8 hours after scrotal application in hypogonadal men
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measure serum testosterone any time after the patient has been on treatment with gel for at least 1 week
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increased amount of fat leads to increased extragonadal aromatase activity, resulting in increased concentrations of estradiol. High circulating concentrations of estradiol down regulate the HPG axis and decrease the amount of circulating testosterone
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Up to 80% of plasma estradiol originates from aromatization of testosterone and less than 20% of estradiol in the circulation is secreted by the testes
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A PSA concentration, digital rectal examination, and hematocrit should be performed at baseline and at 3 months, 6 months, then yearly after TRT is initiated.
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It is used for many medications and has the advantage of high bioavailability, absence of hepatic first pass metabolism, increased therapeutic efficacy, and steadiness of plasma concentrations of the drug
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Transkingdom Control of Microbiota Diurnal Oscillations Promotes Metabolic Homeostasis:... - 0 views
www.cell.com/...S0092-8674(14)01236-7
gut microbiota microflora flora shiftwork jet lag metabolic syndrome insulin resistance diabetes
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Oct 14
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in addition to the type of diet being a modulator of microbiota composition, the timing of food intake plays a critical role in shaping intestinal microbial ecology.
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the microbiota rhythms are influenced by the host clock and perform critical functions in the adaptation of metabolic processes to the diurnal fluctuations in the environment
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Our study reveals that dysbiosis has a temporal dimension and that static microbiota comparisons might not be fully conclusive unless samples were taken in a controlled manner with respect to this important additional variable
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The Role of Vitamin C in Human Immunity and Its Treatment Potential Against COVID-19: A... - 0 views
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White blood cells, including neutrophils and monocytes, accumulate concentrations of vitamin C up to 100 times greater than that of plasma
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Vitamin C is a crucial component of both the innate (nonspecific) and adaptive (specific) portions of the immune system
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maturation, proliferation, and viability of T cells have all been shown to be upregulated by the presence of normal physiologic concentrations of vitamin C
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vitamin C among healthy young adult males showed a significant increase in serum levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM
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effects of high-dose vitamin C on cytokine levels in cancer patients, finding decreased amounts of the cytokines Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-2, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) after high-dose vitamin C infusion
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when vitamin C was supplemented with vitamin E in healthy adults, it increased the production of cytokines IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha
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vitamin C acts to modulate the levels of cytokines to prevent them from fluctuating in either direction
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human leukocytes, neutrophils, in particular, possess the ability to transport the oxidized form of vitamin C across its membrane to use as a defense mechanism against ROS produced during an immune response
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Vitamin C also can recover other endogenous antioxidants in the body such as vitamin E and glutathione, returning them to their active state
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can reduce harmful nitrogen-based compounds such as N-nitrosamines and nitrosamides, both of which are carcinogenic
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subjects taking oral vitamin C supplementation saw a 60% to 90% reduction in oxidative stress compared to a placebo control
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subjects infused with vitamin C alone had a 516% increase in glutathione levels compared to subjects not provided the 500 mg daily supplementation
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Studies have demonstrated that those with low levels of vitamin C are at a significantly higher risk of respiratory infection compared to those with normal levels
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viral cold duration was reduced by about 8% in adults and 13.5% in children using prophylactic daily doses of 200 mg of oral vitamin C
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prophylactically supplementing vitamin C decreases the risk of infection with respiratory viruses such as the common cold
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combined with probiotics, oral vitamin C supplementation showed a 33% decrease in the incidence of respiratory tract infections in preschool-age children [
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high-dose oral supplementation of vitamin C managed to prevent or reduce symptoms if taken before or just after the onset of cold- or flu-like symptoms
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improvements in oxygen saturation and decreased IL-6 levels (a marker of inflammation) in the treatment group compared to the control group
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Patients with COVID-19 will likely also experience depletion in serum levels of vitamin C as a direct result of the upregulation of the immune system to combat the infection
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Colunga et al. suggested that oral vitamin C can be combined with oral Quercetin, an antiviral flavonoid, to improve Quercetin’s ability to block viral membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2
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It appears vitamin C supplementation by itself does not provide a striking benefit in preventing COVID-19 infection for those without a deficiency
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some evidence to support that prophylactic use of vitamin C helps reduce the severity of respiratory infection symptoms once a subject has already been infected
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other studies were unable to find any definitive improvement concerning therapy with vitamin C
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Fowler et al. aimed to see if a high-dose vitamin C infusion would benefit patients affected by ARDS, but they were unable to conclude that vitamin C infusion, compared to a placebo, could decrease vascular inflammation and damage in ARDS
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in a sample of 67 COVID-19-positive ICU patients, 82% of them displayed plasma vitamin C levels below 0.4 mg/dL
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continuous vitamin C infusion at a rate of 60 mg/kg/day for four days decreased the need for mechanical ventilation and vasopressor use but had no significant effect on overall mortality
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Carr et al. suggested that high-dose IV vitamin C is most effective when treating sepsis as septic patients receiving the normal daily recommendations through diet still showed decreased vitamin C levels
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High-dose IV vitamin C treatment has also been shown by Kakodkar et al. to decrease syndecan-1, an endothelial glycocalyx that contributes to mortality in septic patients
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combined with hydrocortisone and thiamine, septic patients treated with 1.5 g of IV vitamin C every six hours showed a distinct decrease in their SOFA scores and none of the patients treated developed organ failure
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combined with hydrocortisone and thiamine, septic patients treated with 1.5 g of IV vitamin C every six hours showed a distinct decrease in their SOFA scores and none of the patients treated developed organ failure
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treatment of severe sepsis using a high dose (up to 200 mg/kg/day) of IV vitamin C was explored in phase I, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial by Fowler et al. [75]. Their findings included a reduction in SOFA scores and decreased vascular injury compared to a placebo control group, all while showing minimal adverse side effects
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Maintaining a daily intake of 75 and 100 mg for men and women, respectively, as recommended by the U.S. Institute of Medicine
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Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO)-chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as anti-cancer ... - 0 views
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daily doses up to 400 mg of HCQ or 250 mg CQ for several years are considered to carry an acceptable risk for CQ-induced retinopathies, with the exception of individuals of short stature
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chronic CQ or HCQ therapy be monitored through regular ophthalmic examinations (3–6 month intervals), full blood counts and blood glucose level checks
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long-term HCQ exposure, skeletal muscle function and tendon reflexes should be monitored for weakness
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both CQ and HCQ, specific caution is advised in patients suffering from impaired hepatic function (especially when associated with cirrhosis), porphyria, renal disease, epilepsy, psoriasis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and known hypersensitivity to 4-aminoquinoline compounds
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CQ can prevent the entrapment of protonated chemotherapeutic drugs by buffering the extracellular tumour environment and intracellular acidic spaces
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the expression levels of TLR9 are higher in hepatocellular carcinoma, oesophageal, lung, breast, gastric and prostate cancer cells as compared with adjacent noncancerous cells, and high expression is often linked with poor prognosis
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TLR9-mediated activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway and the associated enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-7 and cyclo-oxygenase 2 mRNA
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HCQ can activate caspase-3 and modulate the Bcl-2/Bax ratio inducing apoptosis in CLL, B-cell CLL and glioblastoma cells
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In triple-negative breast cancer, CQ was shown to eliminate cancer stem cells through reduction of the expression of Janus-activated kinase 2 and DNA methyl transferase 1 [106] or through induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, subsequently causing oxidative DNA damage and impaired repair of double-stranded DNA breaks
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Therapies used in combination with CQ or HCQ include chemotherapeutic drugs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, various monoclonal antibodies, hormone therapies and radiotherapy
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Most studies hypothesise that CQ and HCQ could increase the efficacy of other anti-cancer drugs by blocking pro-survival autophagy.
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daily doses between 400 and 1200 mg for HCQ are safe and well tolerated, but two studies identified 600-mg HCQ daily as the MTD